Shedding light on a new treatment for diabetic wound healing: A review on phototherapy

The Scientific World Journal

Volumn 2014, Issue , 2014, Pages

  Houreld, Nicolette N ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE; ADVANCED GLYCATION END PRODUCT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; COLLAGEN; CYCLIC AMP; CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE; FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 2; NITRIC OXIDE; PROCOLLAGEN; SULFADIAZINE SILVER; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1; VASCULOTROPIN;

AEROBIC METABOLISM; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY; APOPTOSIS; CALCIUM CELL LEVEL; CELL DEATH; CELL MIGRATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL VIABILITY; COLLAGEN SYNTHESIS; DEBRIDEMENT; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC FOOT; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; HUMAN; HYPERBARIC OXYGEN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPOXEMIA; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; LEG REVASCULARIZATION; LIGHT EMITTING DIODE; LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY; METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE POTENTIAL; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PATHOGENESIS; PHOTOTHERAPY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; UPREGULATION; WOUND HEALING IMPAIRMENT; WOUND INFECTION; ANIMAL; DIABETES COMPLICATIONS; PROCEDURES; TREATMENT OUTCOME; WOUND HEALING; WOUNDS AND INJURIES;

ANIMALS; DIABETES COMPLICATIONS; HUMANS; LASER THERAPY, LOW-LEVEL; PHOTOTHERAPY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; WOUND HEALING; WOUNDS AND INJURIES;

EID: 84893166567     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1537744X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2014/398412     Document Type: Review

References (86)

1. Pendsey S. P., Understanding diabetic foot. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries 2010 30 2 75 79 2-s2.0-77951726954 10.4103/0973-3930.62596
2. Singh N., Armstrong D. G., Lipsky B. A., Preventing foot ulcers in patients with diabetes. Journal of the American Medical Association 2005 293 2 217 228 2-s2.0-11844293372 10.1001/jama.293.2.217 (Pubitemid 40095873)
3. Carrington A. L., Abbott C. A., Griffiths J., Jackson N., Johnson S. R., Kulkarni J., Van Ross E. R. E., Boulton A. J. M., A foot care program for diabetic unilateral lower-limb amputees. Diabetes Care 2001 24 2 216 221 2-s2.0-0035143905 (Pubitemid 32119114)
4. Schindl A., Schindl M., Schön H., Knobler R., Havelec L., Schindl L., Low-intensity laser irradiation improves skin circulation in patients with diabetic microangiopathy. Diabetes Care 1998 21 4 580 584 2-s2.0-0031940125 10.2337/diacare.21.4.580 (Pubitemid 28172938)
5. Reiber G. E., Bowker J. H., Pfeifer M. A., Epidemiology of foot ulcers and amputations in the diabetic foot. The Diabetic Foot 2001 St. Louis, Mo, USA Mosby 13 32
6. World Health Organisation, Diabetes, Fact sheet 312. 2011, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs312/en/
7. Sen C. K., Gordillo G. M., Roy S., Kirsner R., Lambert L., Hunt T. K., Gottrup F., Gurtner G. C., Longaker M. T., Human skin wounds: a major and snowballing threat to public health and the economy: perspective article. Wound Repair and Regeneration 2009 17 6 763 771 2-s2.0-70350680485 10.1111/j.1524-475X.2009.00543.x
8. Peppa M., Stavroulakis P., Raptis S. A., Advanced glycoxidation products and impaired diabetic wound healing. Wound Repair and Regeneration 2009 17 4 461 472 2-s2.0-67651180895 10.1111/j.1524-475X.2009.00518.x
9. Francis-Goforth K. N., Harken A. H., Saba J. D., Normalization of diabetic wound healing. Surgery 2010 147 3 446 449 2-s2.0-76749127929 10.1016/j.surg.2009.04.038
10. Chen J., Kasper M., Heck T., Nakagawa K., Humpert P. M., Bai L., Wu G., Zhang Y., Luther T., Andrassy M., Schiekofer S., Hamann A., Morcos M., Chen B., Stern D. M., Nawroth P. P., Bierhaus A., Tissue factor as a link between wounding and tissue repair. Diabetes 2005 54 7 2143 2154 2-s2.0-21344454660 10.2337/diabetes.54.7.2143 (Pubitemid 40911278)
11. Guo S., DiPietro L. A., Critical review in oral biology & medicine: factors affecting wound healing. Journal of Dental Research 2010 89 3 219 229 2-s2.0-77749260633 10.1177/0022034509359125
12. O'Reilly D., Linden R., Fedorko L., Tarride J.-E., Jones W. G., Bowen J. M., Goeree R., A prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial comparing standard wound care with adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) to standard wound care only for the treatment of chronic, non-healing ulcers of the lower limb in patients with diabetes mellitus: a study protocol. Trials 2011 12, article 69 2-s2.0-79952340061 10.1186/1745-6215-12-69
13. Trengove N. J., Stacey M. C., Macauley S., Bennett N., Gibson J., Burslem F., Murphy G., Schultz G., Analysis of the acute and chronic wound environments: the role of proteases and their inhibitors. Wound Repair and Regeneration 1999 7 6 442 452 2-s2.0-0033376144 10.1046/j.1524-475X.1999.00442.x (Pubitemid 30027566)
14. Richard J. L., Sotto A., Lavigne J. P., New insights in diabetic foot infection. Wound Journal of Diabetes 2011 2 2 24 32
15. Eskes A. M., Ubbink D. T., Lubbers M. J., Lucas C., Vermeulen H., Hyperbaric oxygen therapy: solution for difficult to heal acute wounds? Systematic review. World Journal of Surgery 2011 35 3 535 542 2-s2.0-79952190653 10.1007/s00268-010-0923-4
16. Kaya A., Aydin F., Altay T., Karapinar L., Ozturk H., Karakuzu C., Can major amputation rates be decreased in diabetic foot ulcers with hyperbaric oxygen therapy? International Orthopaedics 2009 33 2 441 446 2-s2.0-64249159699 10.1007/s00264-008-0623-y
17. Nemeth A. J., Lasers and wound healing. Dermatologic Clinics 1993 11 4 783 789 2-s2.0-0027420470 (Pubitemid 23313923)
18. Karu T., Primary and secondary mechanisms of action of visible to near-IR radiation on cells. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B 1999 49 1 1 17 2-s2.0-0033103853 10.1016/S1011-1344(98)00219-X (Pubitemid 29229670)
19. Tuner J., Hode L., Laser Therapy. Clinical Practice and Scientific Background 2002 Grängesberg, Sweden Prima Books
20. Barbosa Pinheiro A. L., Carneiro Nascimento S., De Barros Vieira A. L., Brugnera A. Jr., Zanin F. A., Barros Rolim A., Da Silva P. S., Effects of low-level laser therapy on malignant cells: in vitro study. Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine and Surgery 2002 20 1 23 26 2-s2.0-0036176904 (Pubitemid 34174330)
21. Matić M., Lazetić B., Poljacki M., Duran V., Ivkov-Simić M., Low level laser irradiation and its effect on repair processes in the skin. Medicinski Pregled 2003 56 3-4 137 141 2-s2.0-0042476683
22. Takac S., Stojanović S., Diagnostic and biostimulating lasers. Medicinski Pregled 1998 51 5-6 245 249 2-s2.0-0032060772
23. Karu T. I., Karu T. I., Primary and secondary mechanisms of the action of monochromatic visible and near infrared radiation on cells. The Science of Low-Power Laser Therapy 1998 Amsterdam, The Netherlands Gordon and Breach Science 53 83
24. Lubart R., Friedmann H., Peled I., Grossman N., Light effect on fibroblast proliferaton. Laser Therapy 1993 5 2 55 57 2-s2.0-0027360075 (Pubitemid 23283902)
25. Silveira P. C. L., Silva L. A. D., Fraga D. B., Freitas T. P., Streck E. L., Pinho R., Evaluation of mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in muscle healing by low-level laser therapy. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B 2009 95 2 89 92 2-s2.0-64149118642 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.01.004
26. Evans D. H., Abrahamse H., A review of laboratory-based methods to investigate second messengers in low-level laser therapy (LLLT). Medical Laser Application 2009 24 3 201 215 2-s2.0-67649881087 10.1016/j.mla.2009.05.003
27. Karu T. I., Multiple roles of cytochrome c oxidase in mammalian cells under action of red and IR-A radiation. IUBMB Life 2010 62 8 607 610 2-s2.0-77955891560 10.1002/iub.359
28. Karu T. I., Pyatibrat L. V., Kolyakov S. F., Afanasyeva N. I., Absorption measurements of cell monolayers relevant to mechanisms of laser phototherapy: reduction or oxidation of cytochrome c oxidase under laser radiation at 632.8 nm. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2008 26 6 593 599 2-s2.0-50849089696 10.1089/pho.2008.2246
29. Silveira P. C. L., Streck E. L., Pinho R. A., Evaluation of mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in wound healing by low-level laser therapy. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B 2007 86 3 279 282 2-s2.0-33846486066 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2006.10.002 (Pubitemid 46158683)
30. Hu W.-P., Wang J.-J., Yu C.-L., Lan C.-C. E., Chen G.-S., Yu H.-S., Helium-neon laser irradiation stimulates cell proliferation through photostimulatory effects in mitochondria. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2007 127 8 2048 2057 2-s2.0-34447580005 10.1038/sj.jid.5700826 (Pubitemid 47075379)
31. Houreld N. N., Masha R. T., Abrahamse H., Low-intensity laser irradiation at 660 nm stimulates cytochrome c oxidase in stressed fibroblast cells. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2012 44 429 434
32. Masha R. T., Houreld N. N., Abrahamse H., Low-Intensity Laser Irradiation at 660nm Stimulates Transcription of Genes Involved in the Electron Transport Chain. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2013 31 2 47 53
33. Karu T. I., Pyatibrat L. V., Afanasyeva N. I., Cellular effects of low power laser therapy can be mediated by nitric oxide. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2005 36 4 307 314 2-s2.0-17744398423 10.1002/lsm.20148 (Pubitemid 40578023)
34. Mason M. G., Nicholls P., Wilson M. T., Cooper C. E., Nitric oxide inhibition of respiration involves both competitive (heme) and noncompetitive (copper) binding to cytochrome c oxidase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2006 103 3 708 713 2-s2.0-31444433077 10.1073/pnas.0506562103 (Pubitemid 43153090)
35. Wu J.-Y., Chen C.-H., Wang C.-Z., Ho M.-L., Yeh M.-L., Wang Y. -H., Low-power laser irradiation suppresses inflammatory response of human adipose-derived stem cells by modulation intracellular cyclic AMP level and NF- B activity. PLoS ONE 2013 8 1 e54067 10.1371/journal.pone. 0054067
36. Choi K., Kang B. J., Kim H., Lee S., Bae S., Kwen O. K., Kim W. H., Low-level laser therapy promotes the osteogenic potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded on an acellular dermal matrix. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B 2013 101 6 919 928
37. Giannelli M., Chellini F., Sassoli C., Francini F., Pini A., Squecco R., Nosi D., Bani D., Zecchi-Orlandini S., Formigli L., Photoactivation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells with diode laser: effects and mechanisms of action. Journal of Cellular Physiology 2013 228 1 172 181
38. de Villiers J. A., Houreld N. N., Abrahamse H., Influence of low intensity laser irradiation on isolated human adipose derived stem cells over 72 hours and their differentiation potential into smooth muscle cells using retinoic acid. Stem Cell Reviews and Reports 2011 7 4 869 882 2-s2.0-82355164083 10.1007/s12015-011-9244-8
39. Basso F. G., Oliveira C. F., Kurachi C., Hebling J., Costa C. A. D. S., Biostimulatory effect of low-level laser therapy on keratinocytes in vitro. Lasers in Medical Science 2013 28 2 367 374 2-s2.0-84856580298 10.1007/s10103-012-1057-8
40. Gavish L., Asher Y., Becker Y., Kleinman Y., Low level laser irradiation stimulates mitochondrial membrane potential and disperses subnuclear promyelocytic leukemia protein. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2004 35 5 369 376 2-s2.0-12444249997 10.1002/lsm.20108
41. Fathabadie F. F., Bayat M., Amini A., Bayat M., Rezaie F., Effects of pulsed infra-red low level-laser irradiation on mast cells number and degranulation in open skin wound healing of healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy 2013 15 6 294 304 10.3109/14764172.2013.764435
42. Khoshvaghti A., Zibamanzarmofrad M., Bayat M., Effect of low-level treatment with an 80-Hz pulsed infrared diode laser on mast-cell numbers and degranulation in a rat model of third-degree burn. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2011 29 9 597 604 2-s2.0-80052620524 10.1089/pho.2010.2783
43. Basso F. G., Pansani T. N., Turrioni A. P., Bagnato V. S., Hebling J., de Souza Costa C. A., In vitro wound healing improvement by low-level laser therapy application in cultured gingival fibroblasts. International Journal of Dentistry 2012 2012 6 719452 10.1155/2012/719452
44. Esmaeelinejad M., Bayat M., Darbandi H., Bayat M., Mosaffa N., The effects of low-level laser irradiation on cellular viability and proliferation of human skin fibroblasts cultured in high glucose mediums. Lasers in Medical Science. In press
45. Ayuk S. M., Houreld N. N., Abrahamse H., Collagen production in diabetic wounded fibroblasts in response to low-intensity laser irradiation at 660 nm. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics 2012 14 12 1110 1117
46. Sekhejane P. R., Houreld N. N., Abrahamse H., Irradiation at 636 nm positively affects diabetic wounded and hypoxic cells in vitro. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2011 29 8 521 530 2-s2.0-79961088147 10.1089/pho.2010.2877
47. 2 Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2007 25 2 78 84 2-s2.0-34447532328 10.1089/pho.2006.990 (Pubitemid 47066453)
48. Zungu I. L., Hawkins Evans D., Houreld N., Abrahamse H., Biological responses of injured human skin fibroblasts to assess the efficacy of in vitro models for cell stress studies. Alliance Journal of Business Research 2007 1 4 060 071
49. Gavish L., Perez L., Gertz S. D., Low-level laser irradiation modulates matrix metalloproteinase activity and gene expression in porcine aortic smooth muscle cells. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2006 38 8 779 786 2-s2.0-33749503199 10.1002/lsm.20383 (Pubitemid 44522034)
50. Hamajima S., Hiratsuka K., Kiyama-Kishikawa M., Tagawa T., Kawahara M., Ohta M., Sasahara H., Abiko Y., Effect of low-level laser irradiation on osteoglycin gene expression in osteoblasts. Lasers in Medical Science 2003 18 2 78 82 2-s2.0-0141429164 10.1007/s10103-003-0255-9 (Pubitemid 37127696)
51. Pyo S.-J., Song W.-W., Kim I.-R., Park B.-S., Kim C.-H., Shin S.-H., Chung I.-K., Kim Y.-D., Low-level laser therapy induces the expressions of BMP-2, osteocalcin, and TGF- β 1 in hypoxic-cultured human osteoblasts. Lasers in Medical Science 2013 28 2 543 550 2-s2.0-84860551860 10.1007/s10103-012-1109-0
52. Yazdani S. O., Golestaneh A. F., Shafiee A., Hafizi M., Omrani H.-A. G., Soleimani M., Effects of low level laser therapy on proliferation and neurotrophic factor gene expression of human schwann cells in vitro. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B 2012 107 1 9 13 2-s2.0-84855908650 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.11.001
53. 2 stimulates proliferation and expression of interleukin-6 in diabetic wounded fibroblast cells. Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics 2007 9 5 451 459 2-s2.0-35348917787 10.1089/dia.2007.0203 (Pubitemid 47585349)
54. Pereira A. N., De Paula Eduardo C., Matson E., Marques M. M., Effect of low-power laser irradiation on cell growth and procollagen synthesis of cultured fibroblasts. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2002 31 4 263 267 2-s2.0-0036400161 10.1002/lsm.10107 (Pubitemid 35193031)
55. Frigo L., Fávero G. M., Campos Lima H. J., Maria D. A., Bjordal J. M., Joensen J., Iversen V. V., Marcos R. L., Parizzoto N. A., Lopes-Martins R. A. B., Low-level laser irradiation (InGaAIP-660 nm) increases fibroblast cell proliferation and reduces cell death in a dose-dependent manner. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2010 28 1 S151 S156 2-s2.0-77956186066 10.1089/pho.2008.2475
56. Taniguchi D., Dai P., Hojo T., Yamaoka Y., Kubo T., Takamatsu T., Low-energy laser irradiation promotes synovial fibroblast proliferation by modulating p15 subcellular localization. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2009 41 3 232 239 2-s2.0-64849088124 10.1002/lsm.20750
57. Hakki S. S., Bozkurt S. B., Effects of different setting of diode laser on the mRNA expression of growth factors and type I collagen of human gingival fibroblasts. Lasers in Medical Science 2012 27 2 325 331 2-s2.0-78651404659 10.1007/s10103-010-0879-5
58. Huang P.-J., Huang Y.-C., Su M.-F., Yang T.-Y., Huang J.-R., Jiang C.-P., In vitro observations on the influence of copper peptide aids for the LED photoirradiation of fibroblast collagen synthesis. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2007 25 3 183 190 2-s2.0-34447515472 10.1089/pho.2007.2062 (Pubitemid 47068084)
59. McDaniel D. H., Weiss R. A., Geronemus R. G., Mazur C., Wilson S., Weiss M. A., Varying ratios of wavelengths in dual wavelength LED photomodulation alters gene expression profiles in human skin fibroblasts. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2010 42 6 540 545 2-s2.0-77955636108 10.1002/lsm.20947
60. Houreld N. N., Sekhejane P. R., Abrahamse H., Irradiation at 830 nm stimulates nitric oxide production and inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines in diabetic wounded fibroblast cells. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2010 42 6 494 502 2-s2.0-77955609167 10.1002/lsm.20812
61. Saygun I., Karacay S., Serdar M., Ural A. U., Sencimen M., Kurtis B., Effects of laser irradiation on the release of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and receptor of IGF-1 (IGFBP3) from gingival fibroblasts. Lasers in Medical Science 2008 23 2 211 215 2-s2.0-41049115195 10.1007/s10103-007-0477-3 (Pubitemid 351422642)
62. Damante C. A., De Micheli G., Miyagi S. P. H., Feist I. S., Marques M. M., Effect of laser phototherapy on the release of fibroblast growth factors by human gingival fibroblasts. Lasers in Medical Science 2009 24 6 885 891 2-s2.0-70350221990 10.1007/s10103-008-0582-y
63. Chen A. C.-H., Arany P. R., Huang Y.-Y., Tomkinson E. M., Sharma S. K., Kharkwal G. B., Saleem T., Mooney D., Yull F. E., Blackwell T. S., Hamblin M. R., Low-Level laser therapy activates NF-kB via generation of reactive oxygen species in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. PLoS ONE 2011 6 7 2-s2.0-79960644255 10.1371/journal.pone.0022453 e22453
64. Zungu I. L., Hawkins Evans D., Abrahamse H., Mitochondrial responses of normal and injured human skin fibroblasts following low level laser irradiation-an in vitro study. Photochemistry and Photobiology 2009 85 4 987 996 2-s2.0-67650941716 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2008.00523.x
65. 2-exposed HUVECs. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2011 43 4 344 352 2-s2.0-79954557757 10.1002/lsm.21038
66. Marques M. M., Pereira A. N., Fujihara N. A., Nogueira F. N., Eduardo C. P., Effect of low-power laser irradiation on protein synthesis and ultrastructure of human gingival fibroblasts. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2004 34 3 260 265 2-s2.0-1842482149 10.1002/lsm.20008 (Pubitemid 38420428)
67. Webb C., Dyson M., The effect of 880 nm low level laser energy on human fibroblast cell numbers: a possible role in hypertrophic wound healing. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B 2003 70 1 39 44 2-s2.0-0038444153 10.1016/S1011-1344(03)00053-8 (Pubitemid 36621732)
68. Pereira L. O., Longo J. P. F., Azevedo R. B., Laser irradiation did not increase the proliferation or the differentiation of stem cells from normal and inflamed dental pulp. Archives of Oral Biology 2012 57 8 1079 1085 2-s2.0-84858963645 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.02.012
69. Schwartz-Filho H. O., Reimer A. C., Marcantonio C., Marcantonio E. Jr., Marcantonio R. A. C., Effects of low-level laser therapy (685 nm) at different doses in osteogenic cell cultures. Lasers in Medical Science 2011 26 4 539 543 2-s2.0-80051599838 10.1007/s10103-011-0902-5
70. Houreld N. N., Abrahamse H., Effectiveness of helium-neon laser irradiation on viability and cytotoxicity of diabetic-wounded fibroblast cells. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2007 25 6 474 481 2-s2.0-37549024152 10.1089/pho.2007.1095
71. Hawkins D., Abrahamse H., Effect of multiple exposures of low-level laser therapy on the cellular responses of wounded human skin fibroblasts. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2006 24 6 705 714 2-s2.0-33846206489 10.1089/pho.2006.24.705 (Pubitemid 46106708)
72. Hawkins D. H., Abrahamse H., The role of laser fluence in cell viability, proliferation, and membrane integrity of wounded human skin fibroblasts following Helium-Neon laser irradiation. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2006 38 1 74 83 2-s2.0-32544442167 10.1002/lsm.20271 (Pubitemid 43238087)
73. Gupta A., Dai T., Hamblin M. R., Effect of red and near-infrared wavelengths on low-level laser (light) therapy-induced healing in partial-thickness dermal abrasion in mice. Lasers in Medical Science. In press
74. Al-Watban F. A. H., Laser therapy converts diabetic wound healing to normal healing. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2009 27 1 127 135 2-s2.0-61649106965 10.1089/pho.2008.2406
75. Chung T.-Y., Peplow P. V., Baxter G. D., Laser photobiostimulation of wound healing: defining a dose response for splinted wounds in diabetic mice. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2010 42 9 656 664 2-s2.0-78349251689 10.1002/lsm.20981
76. Santos N. R. S., Dos Santos J. N., Dos Reis J. A., Oliveira P. C., De Sousa A. P. C., De Carvalho C. M., Soares L. G. P., Marques A. M. C., Pinheiro A. L. B., Influence of the use of laser phototherapy ( 660 or 790 nm) on the survival of cutaneous flaps on diabetic rats. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2010 28 4 483 488 2-s2.0-77955600280 10.1089/pho.2009.2500
77. Aparecida Da Silva A., Leal-Junior E. C., Alves A. C., Rambo C. S., Dos Santos S. A., Vieira R. P., De Carvalho P. D., Wound-healing effects of low-level laser therapy in diabetic rats involve the modulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and the reduction of collagen types I and III. Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy 2013 15 4 210 216
78. Firat E. T., Daǧ A., Gnay A., Kaya B., Karadede M. I., Kanay B. E., Ketani A., Eviyaoǧlu O., Uysal E., The effects of low-level laser therapy on palatal mucoperiosteal wound healing and oxidative stress status in experimental diabetic rats. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2013 31 7 315 321
79. Park J. J., Kang K. L., Effect of 908-nm GaAIAs diode laser irradiation on healing of extraction sockets in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, a pilot study. Lasers in Medical Science 2012 27 223 230
80. França C. M., de Loura Santana C., Takahashi C. B., Alves A. N., De Souza Mernick A. P., Fernandes K. P., de Fátima Teixeira da Silva D., Bussadori S. K., Mesquita-Ferrari R. A., Effect of laser therapy on skeletal muscle repair process in diabetic rats. Lasers in Medical Science 2013 28 5 1331 1338
81. Caetano K. S., Frade M. A. C., Minatel D. G., Santana L. Á., Enwemeka C. S., Phototherapy improves healing of chronic venous ulcers. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2009 27 1 111 118 2-s2.0-61649101762 10.1089/pho.2008.2398
82. Minatel D. G., Frade M. A. C., França S. C., Enwemeka C. S., Phototherapy promotes healing of chronic diabetic leg ulcers that failed to respond to other therapies. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2009 41 6 433 441 2-s2.0-67650538390 10.1002/lsm.20789
83. Kaviani A., Djavid G. E., Ataie-Fashtami L., Fateh M., Ghodsi M., Salami M., Zand N., Kashef N., Larijani B., A randomized clinical trial on the effect of low-level laser therapy on chronic diabetic foot wound healing: a preliminary report. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2011 29 2 109 114 2-s2.0-79551719126 10.1089/pho.2009.2680
84. Peplow P. V., Chung T.-Y., Baxter G. D., Laser photostimulation (660 nm) of wound healing in diabetic mice is not brought about by ameliorating diabetes. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2012 44 1 26 29 2-s2.0-84855918983 10.1002/lsm.21133
85. Enwemeka C. S., Williams D., Enwemeka S. K., Hollosi S., Yens D., Blue 470-nm light kills Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery 2009 27 2 221 226 2-s2.0-65349091305 10.1089/pho.2008.2413
86. Ankri R., Lubart R., Taitelbaum H., Estimation of the optimal wavelengths for laser-induced wound healing. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2010 42 8 760 764 2-s2.0-79952279238 10.1002/lsm.20955