Long-Term Profiles of Wind and Weibull Distribution Parameters up to 600 m in a Rural Coastal and an Inland Suburban Area

Boundary-Layer Meteorology

Volumn 150, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 167-184

  Gryning, Sven Erik ^a   Batchvarova, Ekaterina ^a,b   Floors, Rogier ^a   Peña, Alfredo ^a   Brümmer, Burghard ^c   Hahmann, Andrea N ^a   Mikkelsen, Torben ^a  

^a TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK   (Denmark)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND HYDROLOGY   (Bulgaria)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Coastal rural; Doppler wind lidar; Inland sub urban; Weather research and forecasting model; Weibull distribution; Wind profile

Indexed keywords

BOUNDARY LAYER FLOW; COASTAL ENGINEERING; MEAN SQUARE ERROR; METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS; OPTICAL RADAR; PARAMETER ESTIMATION; RURAL AREAS; WEIBULL DISTRIBUTION; WIND; WIND POWER;

DISTRIBUTION PARAMETERS; DOPPLER WIND LIDAR; INLAND SUB-URBAN; ROOT MEAN SQUARE ERRORS; SIMULATIONS AND MEASUREMENTS; WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING; WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING MODELS; WIND PROFILES;

WEATHER FORECASTING;

COASTAL ZONE; COMPUTER SIMULATION; LIDAR; PARAMETERIZATION; RURAL ATMOSPHERE; URBAN ATMOSPHERE; WEATHER FORECASTING; WIND POWER; WIND PROFILE;

DENMARK; GERMANY; HAMBURG [GERMANY];

EID: 84892841398     PISSN: 00068314     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10546-013-9857-3     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Anthes RA (1984) Enhancement of convective precipitation by mesoscale variations in vegetative covering in semi-arid regions. J Clim Appl Meteorol 2: 541-554.
2. Batchvarova E, Gryning SE (1998) Wind climatology, atmospheric turbulence and internal boundary-layer development in Athens during the MEDCAPHOT-TRACE experiment. Atmos Environ 32(12): 2055-2069.
3. Batchvarova E, Cai X, Gryning SE, Steyn D (1999) Modelling internal boundary-layer development in a region with a complex coastline. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 90: 1-20.
4. Bhattacharya P, Bhattacharjee R (2010) A study on Weibull distribution for estimating the parameters. J Appl Quant Methods 5(2): 234-241.
5. Bilstein M, Emeis S (2010) The annual variation of vertical profiles of Weibull parameters and their applicability for wind energy potential estimation. DEWI Mag 36: 44-48.
6. Brümmer B, Lange I, Konow H (2012) Atmospheric boundary layer measurements at the 280 m high Hamburg weather mast 1995-2011: mean annual and diurnal cycles. Met Zeit 21(4): 319-355.
7. Chen F, Dudhia J (2001) Coupling an advanced land surface-hydrology model with the Penn State-NCAR MM5 modeling system. Part I: model implementation and sensitivity. Mon Weather Rev 129: 569-585.
8. Dandou A, Tombrou M, Soulakellis N (2009) The influence of the city of Athens on the evolution of the sea-breeze front. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 131: 35-51.
9. Doran JC, Gryning SE (1987) Wind and temperature structure over a land water area. J Clim Appl Meteorol 26(8): 973-979.
10. Doran JC, Verholek MG (1978) Note on vertical extrapolation formulas for Weibull velocity distribution parameters. J Appl Meteorol 17(3): 410-412.
11. Draxl C, Hahmann AN, Peña A, Giebel G (2012) Evaluating winds and vertical wind shear from WRF model forecasts using seven PBL schemes. Wind Energy. Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary. com). doi: 10. 1002/we. 1555.
12. Emeis S (2010) Measurement methods in atmospheric sciences. Borntrager Science Publishers, Stuttgart, 257 pp.
13. Floors R, Gryning SE, Peña A, Batchvarova E (2011) Analysis of diabatic flow modification in the internal boundary layer. Met Zeit 20(6): 649-659.
14. Floors R, Vincent C-L, Gryning SE, Peña A, Batchvarova E (2013) Wind profiles in the coastal boundary layer: wind lidar measurements and WRF modelling. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 147: 469-491.
15. Freitas ED, Rozoff CM, CottonWR Silva Dias PL (2007) Interactions of an urban heat island and sea-breeze circulations during winter over the metropolitan area of Säo Paulo, Brazil. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 122: 43-65.
16. Gryning SE, Batchvarova E (1990) Analytical model for the growth of the coastal internal boundary layer during onshore flow. Q J R Meteorol Soc 116: 187-203.
17. Gryning SE, Batchvarova E (1994) Parameterisation of the depth of the entrainment zone above the daytime mixed-layer. Q J R Meteorol Soc 120: 47-58.
18. Gryning SE, Batchvarova E, Brümmer B, Jørgensen H, Larsen S (2007) On the extension of the wind profile over homogeneous terrain beyond the surface boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 124: 251-268.
19. Gryning SE, Batchvarova E, Floors R (2013) A study on the effect of nudging on long-term boundary layer profiles of wind and Weibull distribution parameters in a rural area. J Appl Meteorol Climatol 52: 1201-1207.
20. Haupt SE, Mahoney WP, Parks K (2013) Wind power forecasting. In: Troccoli A, Dubus L, Haupt SE (eds) Weather matters for energy. Springer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (in Press).
21. Hellmann G (1917) Über die bewegung der luft in den untersten schichten der atmosphäre. Met Zeit 34: 273-285.
22. Hong SY, Noh Y, Dudhia J (2006) A new vertical diffusion package with an explicit treatment of entrainment processes. Mon Weather Rev 134: 2318-2341.
23. Hunt JCR, Orr A, Rottman JW, Capon R (2004) Coriolis effects in mesoscale flows with sharp changes in surface conditions. Q J R Meteorol Soc 130(B): 2703-2731.
24. Justus CG, Mikhail A (1976) Height variation of wind speed and wind distributions statistics. Geophys Res Lett 3(3): 261-264.
25. Lun IYF, Lam JC (2000) A study of the Weibull parameters using long-term observations. Renew Energy 20(2): 145-153.
26. Mikkelsen T (2009) On mean wind and turbulence profile measurements from ground-based wind lidar's: limitations in time and space resolution with continuous wave and pulsed lidar systems: a review. In: Presented at 2009 European wind energy conference and exhibition, Marseille (FR), 16-19 March, 2009, EWEC 2009 proceedings (online): wind profiles at great heights, 10 pp.
27. Mortensen NG, Heathfield D, Myllerup L, Landberg L, Rathmann O (2007) Getting started with WAsP9. Risø-I-2571(EN). Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, 66 pp.
28. Nakanishi M, Niino H (2009) Development of an improved turbulence closure model for the atmospheric boundary layer. J Meteorol Soc Jpn 87(5): 895-912.
29. O'Connor EJ, Illingworth AJ, Brooks IM, Westbrook CD, Hogan RJ, Davies F, Brooks BJ (2010) A method for estimating the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate from a vertically-pointing Doppler lidar, and independent evaluation from balloon-borne in-situ measurements. J Atmos Ocean Technol 27: 1652-1664.
30. Pavia EG, O'Brian JJ (1986) Weibull statistics of wind speed over the ocean. J Clim Appl Meteorol 25: 1324-1332.
31. Peña A, Gryning SE, Mann J, Hasager CB (2010) Length scales of the neutral wind profile over homogeneous terrain. J Appl Meteorol Climatol 49: 792-806.
32. Peña A, Gryning SE, Hahmann AN (2013) Observations of the atmospheric boundary layer height under marine upstream flow conditions at a coastal site. J Geophys Res 118: 1924-1940.
33. Pielke RS Sr (2002) Mesoscale meteorological modelling, 2nd edn. Academic Press, New York, 676 pp.
34. Pinson P, Hagedorn R (2012) Verification of the ECMWF ensemble forecasts of wind speed against analyses and observations. Meteorol Appl 19: 484-500.
35. Rife D, Davis Y, Liu Y, Warner T (2004) Predictability of low-level winds by mesoscale meteorological models. Mon Weather Rev 132(11): 2553-2569.
36. Sardeshmukh PD, Sura P (2009) Reconciling non-Gaussian climate statistics with linear dynamics. J Clim 22: 1193-1207.
37. Savijärvi H, Niemelä S, Tisler P (2005) Coastal winds and low-level jets: simulations for sea gulfs. Q J R Meteorol Soc 131: 625-637.
38. Scholz F (1996) Plotting on Weibull paper. Research and technology. Boeing Information & Support Services, 17 pp.
39. Seguro JV, Lambert TW (2000) Modern estimation of the parameters of the Weibull wind speed distribution for wind energy analysis. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 85(1): 75-84.
40. Skamarock, WC, Klemp JB, Dudhia J, Gill DO, Barker DM, Duda MG, Huang XY, Wang W, Powers JG (2008) A description of the advanced research. WRF version 3. NCAR/TN-475+STR, NCAR technical note, Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, 113 pp.
41. Ström L, Tjernström M (2004) Variability in the summertime coastal marine atmospheric boundary-layer off California, USA. Q J R Meteorol Soc 130: 423-448.
42. Thompson G, Rasmussen RM, Manning K (2004) Explicit forecasts of winter precipitation using an improved bulk microphysics scheme, part I: description and sensitivity analysis. Mon Weather Rev 132(2): 519-542.
43. Troen I, Petersen EL (1989) European wind atlas. Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, pp 656. ISBN 87-550-1482-8.
44. Tombrou M, Dandou A, Helmis C, Akylas A, Angelopoulos G, Flocas H, Assimakopoulos V, Soulakellis N (2007) Model evaluation of the atmospheric boundary layer and mixed-layer evolution. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 124: 61-79.
45. Tuller SE, Brett AC (1984) The characteristics of wind velocity that favor the fitting of a Weibull distribution in wind speed analysis. J Clim Appl Meteorol 23: 124-134.
46. van der Auwera L, de Meyer F, Malet LM (1980) The use of the Weibull three-parameter model for estimating mean wind power conditions. J. Appl Meteorol 19: 819-825.
47. Wieringa J (1989) Shapes of annual frequency distribution of wind speed observed on high meteorological masts. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 47: 85-110.
48. Zimmer RP, Justus CG, Mason RM, Robinette SL, Sassone PG, Schaffer WA (1975) Benefit-cost methodology study with example application of the use of wind generators. NASA CR-134864.