Guideline for primary antifungal prophylaxis for pediatric patients with cancer or hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients

Pediatric Blood and Cancer

Volumn 61, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 393-400

  Science, Michelle ^a,b   Robinson, Paula D ^c,d   Macdonald, Tamara ^e   Rassekh, Shahrad Rod ^f   Dupuis, L Lee ^a   Sung, Lillian ^a  

^a HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN   (Canada)

^b MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^d PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY GROUP OF ONTARIO   (Canada)

^e DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^f BC CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

Antifungal prophylaxis; Bone marrow transplantation; Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Invasive fungal infection; Pediatric cancer

Indexed keywords

AMPHOTERICIN B; AMPHOTERICIN B LIPID COMPLEX; ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; ECHINOCANDIN; FLUCONAZOLE; ITRACONAZOLE; MICAFUNGIN; POSACONAZOLE; VORICONAZOLE;

ACUTE GRANULOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS; ARTICLE; AUTOLOGOUS HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; CANCER PATIENT; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; GRAFT RECIPIENT; HUMAN; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME; NEUTROPENIA; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPHYLAXIS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; SYSTEMIC MYCOSIS;

ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS; BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; INVASIVE FUNGAL INFECTION; PEDIATRIC CANCER;

ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; CHILD; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; HUMANS; MYCOSES; NEOPLASMS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC;

EID: 84892544959     PISSN: 15455009     EISSN: 15455017     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24847     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Lin S, Schranz J, Teutsch S. Aspergillosis case-fatality rate: Systematic review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32:358-366.
2. Tomblyn M, et al. Guidelines for preventing infectious complications among hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients: a global perspective. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009; 15:1143-1238.
3. Slavin MA, et al. Antifungal prophylaxis in adult stem cell transplantation and haematological malignancy. Intern Med J 2008; 38:468-L 476.
4. Cornely O, et al. Primary prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies. Recommendations of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the German Society for Haematology and Oncology. Haematologica 2009; 94:113-122.
5. CDC, IDSA, and ASBMT. Guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections among hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2000; 6: 659-713, 715, 717-727, quiz 729-733.
6. Guyatt GH, et al. GRADE: An emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ 2008; 336:924-926.
7. Goodman J, et al. A controlled trial of fluconazole to prevent fungal infections in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. N Engl J Med 1992; 326:845-851.
8. Slavin MA, et al. Efficacy and safety of fluconazole prophylaxis for fungal infections after marrow transplantation-A prospective, randomized, double-blind study. J Infect Dis 1995; 171:1545-1552.
9. Brammer KW, Coates PE. Pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in pediatric patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1994; 13:325-329.
10. Lee JW, et al. Safety and pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in children with neoplastic diseases. J Pediatr 1992; 120:987-993.
11. Novelli V, Holzel H. Safety and tolerability of fluconazole in children. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43:1955-1960.
12. Seay RE, et al. Pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in immune-compromised children with leukemia or other hematologic diseases. Pharmacotherapy 1995; 15:52-58.
13. Steinbach WJ. Antifungal agents in children. Pediatr Clin North Am 2005; 52:895-915 viii.
14. Pappas PG, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of candidiasis: 2009 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 48:503-535.
15. Wingard JR, et al. Randomized, double-blind trial of fluconazole versus voriconazole for prevention of invasive fungal infection after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood 2010; 116:5111-5118.
16. Marr K, et al. Prolonged fluconazole prophylaxis is associated with persistent protection against candidiasis-related death in allogeneic marrow transplant recipients: Long-term follow-up of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Blood 2000; 96:2055-2061.
17. Ethier MC, et al. Mould-active compared with fluconazole prophylaxis to prevent invasive fungal diseases in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy or haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:1626-1637.
18. van Burik JAH, et al. Micafungin versus fluconazole for prophylaxis against invasive fungal infections during neutropenia in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39:1407-1416.
19. Hiramatsu Y, et al. Use of micafungin versus fluconazole for antifungal prophylaxis in neutropenic patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Int J Hematol 2008; 88:588-595.
20. Winston DJ, et al. Intravenous and oral itraconazole versus intravenous and oral fluconazole for long-term antifungal prophylaxis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplant recipients. A multicenter, randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2003; 138:705-713.
21. Marr K, et al. Itraconazole versus fluconazole for prevention of fungal infections in patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplants. Blood 2004; 103:1527-1533.
22. Ota S, et al. Itraconazole versus fluconazole for prophylaxis against invasive fungal infections during neutropenia in patients receiving haematopoietic stem cell transplants. Bone Marrow Transplant 2010; 45:Abstract S394.
23. Riley DK, et al. The prophylactic use of low-dose amphotericin B in bone marrow transplant patients. Am J Med 1994; 97:509-514.
24. Koh LP, et al. Randomized trial of fluconazole versus low-dose amphotericin B in prophylaxis against fungal infections in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Am J Hematol 2002; 71:260-267.
25. Wolff S, et al. Fluconazole vs low-dose amphotericin B for the prevention of fungal infections in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation: a study of the North American Marrow Transplant Group. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000; 25:853-859.
26. Tollemar J, et al. Randomized double-blind study of liposomal amphotericin B (Ambisome) prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in bone marrow transplant recipients. Bone Marrow Transplant 1993; 12:577-582.
27. Kelsey SM, et al. Liposomal amphotericin (AmBisome) in the prophylaxis of fungal infections in neutropenic patients: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Bone Marrow Transplant 1999; 23:163-168.
28. Sable CA, Donowitz GR. Infections in bone marrow transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 18:273-281; quiz 282-284.
29. O'Donnell MR, et al. Prediction of systemic fungal infection in allogeneic marrow recipients: Impact of amphotericin prophylaxis in high-risk patients. J Clin Oncol 1994; 12:827-834.
30. Morrison VA, Haake RJ, Weisdorf DJ. Non-Candida fungal infections after bone marrow transplantation: Risk factors and outcome. Am J Med 1994; 96:497-503.
31. Goodrich JM, et al. Clinical features and analysis of risk factors for invasive candidal infection after marrow transplantation. J Infect Dis 1991; 164:731-740.
32. Ullmann AJ, et al. Posaconazole or fluconazole for prophylaxis in severe graft-versus-host disease. [Erratum appears in N Engl J Med. 2007 Jul 26;357(4):428]. N Engl J Med 2007; 356:335-347.
33. Robenshtok E, et al. Antifungal prophylaxis in cancer patients after chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25:5471-5489.
34. Bow EJ, et al. Antifungal prophylaxis for severely neutropenic chemotherapy recipients: A meta analysis of randomized-controlled clinical trials. Cancer 2002; 94:3230-3246.
35. Rotstein C, et al. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of fluconazole prophylaxis for neutropenic cancer patients: Benefit based on purpose and intensity of cytotoxic therapy. The Canadian Fluconazole Prophylaxis Study Group. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 28:331-340.
36. Annaloro C, et al. Efficacy of different prophylactic antifungal regimens in bone marrow transplantation. Haematologica 1995; 80:512-517.
37. Huijgens PC, et al. Fluconazole versus itraconazole for the prevention of fungal infections in haemato-oncology. J Clin Pathol 1999; 52:376-380.
38. Oren I, et al. A prospective randomized trial of itraconazole vs. fluconazole for the prevention of fungal infections in patients with acute leukemia and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Bone Marrow Transplant 2006; 38:127-134.
39. Perfect J, et al. Prophylactic intravenous amphotericin B in neutropenic autologous bone marrow transplant recipients. J Infect Dis 1992; 165:891-897.
40. Timmers GJ, et al. Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion (Amphocil) vs fluconazole for the prevention of fungal infections in neutropenic patients: data of a prematurely stopped clinical trial. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000; 25:879-884.
41. Kern W, et al. Failure of fluconazole prophylaxis to reduce mortality or the requirement of systemic amphotericin B therapy during treatment for refractory acute myeloid leukemia: Results of a prospective randomized phase III study. German AML Cooperative Group. Cancer 1998; 83:291-301.
42. Schaffner A, Schaffner M. Effect of prophylactic fluconazole on the frequency of fungal infections, amphotericin B use, and health care costs in patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy for hematologic neoplasias. J Infect Dis 1995; 172:1035-1041.
43. Winston DJ, et al. Fluconazole prophylaxis of fungal infections in patients with acute leukemia. Results of a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter trial. Ann Intern Med 1993; 118:495-503.
44. Kanda Y, et al. Prophylactic action of oral fluconazole against fungal infection in neutropenic patients. A meta-analysis of 16 randomized, controlled trials. Cancer 2000; 89:1611-1625.
45. Caira M, et al. Invasive fungal infections in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and in those submitted to allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplant: Who is at highest risk? Eur J Haematol 2008; 81:242-243.
46. Nucci M, et al. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of itraconazole capsules as antifungal prophylaxis for neutropenic patients. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30:300-305.
47. Kaptan K, et al. Itraconazole is not effective for the prophylaxis of fungal infections in patients with neutropenia. J Infect Chemother 2003; 9:40-45.
48. Vreugdenhil G, et al. Efficacy of itraconazole in the prevention of fungal infections among neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies and intensive chemotherapy. A double blind, placebo controlled study. Leuk Lymphoma 1993; 11:353-358.
49. Menichetti F, et al. Itraconazole oral solution as prophylaxis for fungal infections in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter trial. GIMEMA Infection Program. Gruppo Italiano Malattie Ematologiche dell' Adulto. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 28:250-255.
50. Ito Y, et al. The prophylactic effect of itraconazole capsules and fluconazole capsules for systemic fungal infections in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes: A Japanese multicenter randomized, controlled study. Int J Hematol 2007; 85:121-127.
51. Glasmacher A, et al. An open-label randomized trial comparing itraconazole oral solution with fluconazole oral solution for primary prophylaxis of fungal infections in patients with haematological malignancy and profound neutropenia. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006; 57:317-325.
52. Morgenstern GR, et al. A randomized controlled trial of itraconazole versus fluconazole for the prevention of fungal infections in patients with haematological malignancies. U.K. Multicentre Antifungal Prophylaxis Study Group. Br J Haematol 1999; 105:901-911.
53. Vardakas KZ, Michalopoulos A, Falagas ME. Fluconazole versus itraconazole for antifungal prophylaxis in neutropenic patients with haematological malignancies: a meta-analysis of randomised-controlled trials. [Erratum appears in Br J Haematol. 2006 Mar;132(5):665]. Br J Haematol 2005; 131:22-28.
54. Mattiuzzi GN, et al. Efficacy and safety of intravenous voriconazole and intravenous itraconazole for antifungal prophylaxis in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Support Care Cancer 2011; 19:19-26.
55. Vehreschild JJ, et al. A double-blind trial on prophylactic voriconazole (VRC) or placebo during induction chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML). J Infect 2007; 55:445-449.
56. Cornely OA, et al. Posaconazole vs. fluconazole or itraconazole prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia. N Engl J Med 2007; 356:348-359.
57. Penack O, C et al. Low-dose liposomal amphotericin B in the prevention of invasive fungal infections in patients with prolonged neutropenia: Results from a randomized, single-center trial. Ann Oncol 17:1306-1312.
58. Mattiuzzi G, et al. Liposomal amphotericin B versus the combination of fluconazole and itraconazole as prophylaxis for invasive fungal infections during induction chemotherapy for patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Cancer 2003; 97:450-456.
59. Bodey GP, et al. Antifungal prophylaxis during remission induction therapy for acute leukemia fluconazole versus intravenous amphotericin B. Cancer 1994; 73:2099-2106.
60. Mattiuzzi GN, et al. Open-label, randomized comparison of itraconazole versus caspofungin for prophylaxis in patients with hematologic malignancies. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50:143-147.
61. Cattaneo C, et al. A randomized comparison of caspofungin versus antifungal prophylaxis according to investigator policy in acute leukaemia patients undergoing induction chemotherapy (PROFIL-C study). J Antimicrob Chemother 2011; 66:2140-2145.
62. Mandhaniya S, et al. Oral voriconazole versus intravenous low dose amphotericin B for primary antifungal prophylaxis in pediatric acute leukemia induction: a prospective, randomized, clinical study. J Pediatr Hematol/Oncol 2011; 33:e333-e341.
63. Bakhshi S, Padmanjali KS, Arya LS. Infections in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: An analysis of 222 febrile neutropenic episodes. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2008; 25:385-392.
64. Yamac K, Senol E, Haznedar R. Prophylactic use of fluconazole in neutropenic cancer patients. Postgrad Med J 1995; 71:284-286.
65. Chandrasekar PH, Gatny CM. The effect of fluconazole prophylaxis on fungal colonization in neutropenic cancer patients. Bone Marrow Transplantation Team. J Antimicrob Chemother 1994; 33:309-318.
66. Sawada A, et al. [Comparison of micafungin and fosfluconazole as prophylaxis for invasive fungal infection during neutropenia in children undergoing chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]. Rinsho Ketsueki (Jpn J Clin Hematol) 2009; 50:1692-1699.
67. Uhlenbrock S, et al. Liposomal amphotericin B for prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in high-risk paediatric patients with chemotherapy-related neutropenia: Interim analysis of a prospective study. Mycoses 2001; 44:455-463.
68. Uhlenbrock S, et al. Liposomal amphotericin B for pediatric patients with malignant diseases at high risk for invasive fungal infections. Results of a comparing prospective study. Krankenhauspharmazie 2002; 23:416-423.
69. MacMillan ML, et al. Fluconazole to prevent yeast infections in bone marrow transplantation patients: A randomized trial of high versus reduced dose, and determination of the value of maintenance therapy. Am J Med 2002; 112:369-379.
70. Marks I, et al. Voriconazole or itraconazole for prevention of invasive fungal infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allohct)-Focus on patient preference and long-term tolerability. Haematologica 2010; 95:Abstract 103.
71. Huijgens PC, et al. The prophylactic use of fluconazole 50 vs. 100 mg daily in haematological malignancies. Eur J Cancer 1993; 29A:926-927.