The use and misuse of statistical methodologies in pharmacology research

Biochemical Pharmacology

Volumn 87, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 78-92

  Marino, Michael J ^a  

^a MERCK RESEARCH LABORATORIES   (United States)

Author keywords

Exploratory data analysis; Non parametric; Parametric; Power analysis; Statistical design

Indexed keywords

ANALYTICAL ERROR; CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DATA ANALYSIS; EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN; HISTOGRAM; HUMAN; MEDICAL LITERATURE; NON SAMPLING ERROR; NONHUMAN; NONPARAMETRIC TEST; PARAMETRIC TEST; POWER ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPRODUCIBILITY; REVIEW; SAMPLING BIAS; SAMPLING ERROR; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STUDY DESIGN;

EXPLORATORY DATA ANALYSIS; NON-PARAMETRIC; PARAMETRIC; POWER ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL DESIGN;

ANIMALS; BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH; DATA INTERPRETATION, STATISTICAL; HUMANS; PHARMACOLOGY; RESEARCH DESIGN;

EID: 84892368849     PISSN: 00062952     EISSN: 18732968     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.05.017     Document Type: Review

References (50)

1. C.G. Begley, and L.M. Ellis Drug development: raise standards for preclinical cancer research Nature 483 2012 531 533
2. F. Prinz, T. Schlange, and K. Asadullah Believe it or not: how much can we rely on published data on potential drug targets? Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 10 2011 712
3. I. Kitchen Statistics and pharmacology: the bloody obvious test Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 8 1987 252 253
4. A. Murray The wall street journal essential guide to management: lasting lessons from the best leadership minds of our time 2010 HarperBusiness New York
5. J.P. Ioannidis Why most published research findings are false PLoS Medicine 2 2005 e124
6. J.P. Ioannidis Contradicted and initially stronger effects in highly cited clinical research JAMA 294 2005 218 228 (Pubitemid 41043792)
7. J. Lehrer The truth wears off New Yorker 13 December 2010 2010 http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/12/13/101213fa-fact-lehrer
8. A. Tatsioni, N.G. Bonitsis, and J.P. Ioannidis Persistence of contradicted claims in the literature JAMA 298 2007 2517 2526 (Pubitemid 350223538)
9. J.C. Crabbe, D. Wahlsten, and B.C. Dudek Genetics of mouse behavior: interactions with laboratory environment Science 284 1999 1670 1672 (Pubitemid 29291377)
10. A.S. Kemp, N.R. Schooler, A.H. Kalali, L. Alphs, R. Anand, and G. Awad et al. What is causing the reduced drug-placebo difference in recent schizophrenia clinical trials and what can be done about it? Schizophrenia Bulletin 36 2010 504 509
11. J. Cohen The earth is round (p < 0.05) American Psychologist 49 1994 997 1003
12. W.W. Daniel Applied nonparametric statistics 2000 Duxbury/Thomson Learning Pacific Grove, CA
13. M.H. Degroot, and M.J. Schervis Probability and statistics 2002 Addison-Wesley Boston, MA
14. D. Rowntree Statistics without tears: an introduction for non-mathematicians 2000 Penguin Books Toronto
15. R.E. Kirk Statistics: an introduction 2007 Wadsworth Publishing Belmont, CA
16. J.W. Tukey Exploratory data analysis 1977 Addison Wesley Reading, MA
17. M.P. Barde, and P.J. Barde What to use to express the variability of data: Standard deviation or standard error of mean? Perspectives in Clinical Research 3 2012 113 116
18. B. Peirce Criterion for the rejection of doubtful observations Astronomical Journal 2 1852 162 163
19. F.E. Grubbs Procedures for detecting outlying observations in samples Technometrics 11 1969 1 21
20. R.B. Dean, and W.J. Dixon Simplified statistics for small numbers of observations Analytical Chemistry 23 1951 636 638
21. R.B. D'Agostino Tests for the normal distribution Goodness-of-fit techniques 1986 Marcel Dekker New York
22. F.H. Messerli Chocolate consumption, cognitive function, and Nobel laureates New England Journal of Medicine 367 2012 1562 1564
23. J.L. Rodgers, and W.A. Nicewander Thirteen ways to look at the correlation coefficient American Statistician 42 1988 59 66
24. C. Spearman The proof and measurement of association between two things American Journal of Psychology 15 1904 72 101
25. E.H. Livingston Who was student and why do we care so much about his t-test? Journal of Surgical Research 118 2004 58 65 (Pubitemid 38490517)
26. B.L. Welch The generalisation of student's problems when several different population variances are involved Biometrika 34 1947 28 35
27. M.P. Fay, and M.A. Proschan Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney or t-test? On assumptions for hypothesis tests and multiple interpretations of decision rules Statistics Surveys 4 2010 1 39
28. H.B. Mann, and D.R. Whitney On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other Annals of Mathematical Statistics 18 1947 50 60
29. F. Wilcoxon Individual comparisons by ranking methods Biometrics Bulletin 1 1945 80 83
30. T.V. Perneger What's wrong with Bonferroni adjustments BMJ 316 1998 1236 1238 (Pubitemid 28171344)
31. R.A. Fisher Statistical methods for research workers 1970 Oliver and Boyd Edinburgh
32. C.Y. Kramer Extension of multiple range tests to group means with unequal numbers of replications Biometrics 12 1956 307 310
33. C.W. Dunnett A multiple comparison procedure for comparing several treatments with a control Journal of the American Statistical Association 50 1955 1096 1121
34. H. Scheffe The analysis of variance 1999 Wiley-Interscience Publication New York
35. W.H. Kruskal, and W.A. Wallis Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis Journal of the American Statistical Association 47 1952 583 621
36. F.W. Greenhouse, and S. Geisser On methods in the analysis of profile data Psychometrika 24 1959 95 112
37. H. Huynh, and L.S. Feldt Estimation of the Box correction for degrees of freedom from sample data in randomized block and split = plot designs Journal of Educational Statistics 1 1976 69 82
38. M. Friedman The use of ranks to avoid the assumption of normality implicit in the analysis of variance Journal of the American Statistical Association 32 1937 675 701
39. J. Cohen Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences 1988 Psychology Press New York
40. J. Cohen A power primer Psychological Bulletin 112 1992 155 159
41. M. Levine, and M.H. Ensom Post hoc power analysis: an idea whose time has passed? Pharmacotherapy 21 2001 405 409 (Pubitemid 32275267)
42. L. Thomas Retrospective power analysis Conservation Biology 11 1997 276 280
43. J.M. Hoenig, and D.M. Heisey The abuse of power: the pervasive fallacy of power calculations for data analysis American Statistician 55 2001 1 6
44. S. Brenner An interview with. Sydney Brenner. Interview by Errol C. Friedberg Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 9 2008 8 9
45. J.P. Ioannidis Why most discovered true associations are inflated Epidemiology 19 2008 640 648
46. T. Kelder, B.R. Conklin, C.T. Evelo, and A.R. Pico Finding the right questions: exploratory pathway analysis to enhance biological discovery in large datasets PLoS Biology 2010 8
47. P. Sedlmeier, and G. Gigerenzer Teaching Bayesian reasoning in less than two hours Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 130 2001 380 400 (Pubitemid 33597700)
48. A. Gelman, J.B. Carlin, H.S. Stern, and D.B. Rubin Bayesian data analysis 1995 Chapman and Hall Boca Raton, FL
49. D.J.C. MacKay Information theory, inference, and learning algorithims 2003 Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK
50. F.J. Anscombe Graphs in statistical analysis American Statistician 27 1973 17 21