Total carbon and nitrogen in the soils of the world

European Journal of Soil Science

Volumn 65, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 10-21

  Batjes, N H ^a  

^a ISRIC WORLD SOIL INFORMATION   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON SEQUESTRATION; DEFORESTATION; EMISSION INVENTORY; GLOBAL WARMING; GREENHOUSE EFFECT; HISTOSOL; LAND USE CHANGE; METHANE; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; ORGANIC SOIL; PLANT COMMUNITY; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; SOIL CARBON; SOIL EMISSION; SOIL NITROGEN; TRACE GAS; YERMOSOL;

EID: 84891937275     PISSN: 13510754     EISSN: 13652389     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ejss.12114_2     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Adams, J.M., Faure, H., Faure-Denard, L., McGlade, J.M. & Woodward, F.I. 1990. Increases in terrestrial carbon storage from the Last Glacial maximum to the present. Nature, 348, 711-714.
2. Arnold, R.W., Szabolcs, I. & Targulian, V.O. (eds) 1990. Global Soil Change. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg.
3. Batjes, N.H. 1992. Organic matter and carbon dioxide. In: A Review of Soil Factors and Processes that Control Fluxes of Heat, Moisture and Greenhouse Gases (eds N.H. Batjes & E.M. Bridges), pp. 97-148. Technical Paper 23, International Soil Reference and Information Centre, Wageningen.
4. Batjes, N.H. & Bridges, E.M. 1994. Potential emissions of radiatively active gases from soil to atmosphere with special reference to methane: development of a global database (WISE). Journal of Geophysical Research, 99 (No D8), 16479-16489.
5. 2 rich world. Scientific American, 266, 18-24.
6. Bolin, B. 1981. Carbon Cycle Modelling. SCOPE 16, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
7. Bouma, J. & Van Lanen, H.A.J. 1987. Transfer functions and threshold values: from soil characteristics to land qualities. In: Quantified Land Evaluation, pp. 106-110 (eds K.J. Beek, P.A. Burrough & D.E. McCormack). ITC Publication 6, International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences, Enschede.
8. Bouwman, A.F. (ed) 1990. Soils and the Greenhouse Effect. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
9. Bradbury, N.J. & Powlson, D.S. 1994. The potential of global environmental change on nitrogen dynamics in arable systems. In: Soil Response to Climate Change, pp. 137-153 (eds M.D.A. Rounsevell & P.J. Loveland). NATO ASI Series Vol. 23, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
10. Brookes, P.C. & McGrath, S.P. 1984. Effects of metal toxicity on the size of the microbial biomass. Journal of Soil Science, 5, 341-346.
11. Buringh, P. 1984. Organic carbon in soils of the world. In: The Role of Terrestrial Vegetation in the Global Carbon Cycle. Measurements by Remote Sensing, pp. 91-109 (ed. G.M. Woodwell). SCOPE 23, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
12. Caldwell, M.M., Teramura, A.H., Tevini, M., Bornman, J.F., Björn, L.O. & Kulandaivelu, G. 1995. Effects of increased solar ultraviolet radiation on terrestrial plants. Ambio, 3, 166-173.
13. Coûteaux, M.-M., Bottner, P. & Berg, B. 1995. Litter decomposition, climate and litter quality. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 10, 63-66.
14. Davidson, E.A., 1994. Climate change and soil microbial processes: secondary effects are hypothesised from better known interacting primary effects. In: Soil Response to Climate Change, pp. 156-168, (eds M.D.A. Rounsevell & P.J. Loveland). NATO ASI Series Vol. 23, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
15. Detwiler, R.P. 1986. Land use changes and the global carbon cycle. Biogeochemistry, 2, 67-93.
16. Eswaran, H., Van den Berg, E. & Reich, P. 1993. Organic carbon in soils of the world. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 57, 192-194.
17. FAO 1989. FAO-ISRIC Soil Database (SDB). World Soil Resources Report 64. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.
18. FAO 1991. The Digitized Soil Map of the World. World Soil Resources Report 67/1 (Release 1.0), Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.
19. FAO-ISRIC 1990. Guidelines for Soil Description, 3rd edn, revised. Food and Agricultural Organization, Rome.
20. FAO-UNESCO 1974. Soil Map of the World (1 : 5 000 000), Vol. 1: Legend. UNESCO, Paris.
21. FAO-UNESCO 1971-1981. Soil Map of the World (1 : 5 000 000), Vol. 1-10. UNESCO, Paris.
22. Fisher, M.J., Rao, I.M., Ayarza, M.A., Lascano, C.E., Sanz, J.I., Thomas, R.J. et al. 1994. Carbon storage by introduced deep-rooted grasses in the South American savannas. Nature, 266, 236-238.
23. Francey, R.J., Tans, P.P., Allison, C.E., Enting, I.G., White, J.W.C. & Troller, M. 1995. Changes in oceanic and terrestrial carbon uptake. Nature, 373, 326-329.
24. Goldewijk, M.K., Van Minnen, J.G., Kreileman, G.J.J., Vloedbeld, M. & Leemans, R. 1994. Simulating the carbon flux between the terrestrial environment and atmosphere. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 76, 199-230.
25. Goudriaan, J. & Unsworth, M.H. 1990. Implications of increasing carbon dioxide and climate change for agricultural productivity and water resources. In: Impact of Carbon Dioxide, Trace Gases, and Climate Change on Global Agriculture, pp. 111-130 (eds B.A. Kimball, N.J. Rosenberg & L.H. Allen Jr.). ASA Special Publication No. 53, ASA/CSSA/SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin.
26. Grewal, K.F., Buchan, G.D. & Sherlock, R.R. 1991. A comparison of three methods of organic carbon determination in some New Zealand Soils. Journal of Soil Science, 42, 251-257.
27. IPCC 1990. Climate Change (eds J.T. Houghton, G.J. Jenkins & J.J. Ephraums). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
28. IPCC 1992. Climate Change 1992: The Supplementary Report to the IPCC Scientific Assessment, (eds J.T. Houghton, B.A. Callander & S.K. Varney). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
29. Kimble, J.M., Eswaran, H. & Cook, T. 1990. Organic carbon on a volume basis in tropical and temperate soils. Transactions of the 14th International Congress of. Soil Science, 5, 248-253.
30. Legros, J-P., Loveland, P.J. & Rounsevell, M.D.A. 1994. Soils and climate change - where next? In: Soil Responses to Climate Change, pp. 258-266 (eds M.D.A. Rounsevell & P.J. Loveland). NATO ASI Series Vol. 23, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
31. 2-concentration on carbon input and turnover in agro-ecosystems. In: The Greenhouse Effect and Primary Productivity in European Agro-Ecosystems, pp. 46-47, (eds J. Goudriaan, H. van Keulen & H.H. van Laar). Pudoc, Wageningen.
32. Mellilo, J.M. 1994. Modelling land-atmosphere interactions: a short review. In: Changes in Land Use and Land Cover: A Global Perspective, pp. 387-409 (eds W.B. Meyer & B.L. Turner II). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
33. Mizota, C. & Van Reeuwijk, L.P. 1989. Clay Mineralogy and Chemistry of Soils Formed under Volcanic Material in Diverse Climatic Regions. Soil Monograph 2, International Soil Reference and Information Centre, Wageningen.
34. Moraes, J.L., Cerri, C.C., Mellilo, J.M., Kichlighter, D., Neill, C., Skole, D.L. et al. 1995. Soil carbon stocks of the Brazilian Amazon Basin. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 59, 244-247.
35. Odeman, L.R. & Van Engelen, V.W.P. 1993. A World Soils and Terrain Digital Database (SOTER) - An improved assessment of land resources. Geoderma, 60, 309-325.
36. 2-concentration levels on nutrient concentrations of herbaceous and woody plants. In: The Greenhouse Effect and Primary Productivity in European Agro-Ecosystems, pp. 31-37 (eds J. Goudriaan, H. van Keulen & H.H. van Laar). Pudoc, Wageningen.
37. Post, W.M., Emmanuel, W.R., Zinke, P.J. & Stangenberger, G. 1982. Soil carbon pools and world life zones. Nature, 298, 1586-1589.
38. Sanford, R.L., Saldarriaga, J., Clark, K.E., Uhe, C. & Herrera, R. 1985. Amazon rainforest fires. Science, 227, 53-55.
39. Schimel, D.S. 1995. Terrestrial ecosystems and the carbon cycle. Global Change Biology, 1, 77-91.
40. Schlesinger, W.H. 1977. Carbon balance in terrestrial detritus. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 8, 51-81.
41. Schlesinger, W.H. 1982. Carbon storage in the caliche of the arid world: a case study from Arizona. Soil Science, 133, 247-255.
42. Sjörs, H. 1980. Peat on Earth: multiple use of conservation. Ambio, 9, 303-308.
43. Skjemstad, J.O., LeFeuvre, R.P. & Prebble, R.E. 1990. Turnover of soil organic matter under pasture determined by C natural abundance. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 28, 267-276.
44. Sombroek, W.G. 1990. Geographic quantification of soils and changes in their properties. In: Soils and the Greenhouse Effect (ed A.F. Bouwman), pp. 225-244. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
45. Sombroek, W.G., Nachtergaele, F.O. & Hebel, A. 1993. Amounts, dynamics and sequestrations of carbon in tropical and subtropical soils. Ambio, 22, 417-426.
46. Stigliani, W.M. 1991. Chemical Time Bombs: Definition, Concepts and Examples. Executive Report 16, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg.
47. Tarnocai, C. 1994. Amount of organic carbon in Canadian soils. Transactions of the 15th World Congress of Soil Science, 6a, 67-82.
48. Trabalka, J.R. & Reichle, D.E. (eds) 1986. The Changing Carbon Cycle; a Global Analysis. Springer-Verlag, New York.
49. USDA 1975. Soil Taxonomy: a Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Surveys. Agricultural Handbook 436, Soil Conservation Service, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC.
50. USDA 1984. Methods and Procedures for Collecting Soil Samples and Methods of Analysis for Soil Survey. Soil Survey Investigations Report No. 1, Soil Conservation Service, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC.
51. USDA 1993. Soil Survey Manual. Revised Edition, United States Department of Agriculture Handbook No. 18, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC.
52. Van Breemen, N. & Feijtel, T.C.J. 1990. Soil processes and properties involved in the production of greenhouse gases, with special reference to soil taxonomic systems. In: Soils and the Greenhouse Effect, pp. 195-223 (ed. A.F. Bouwman). John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
53. Van de Ven, T. & Tempel, P. 1994. ISIS 4.0-ISRIC Soil Information System: User Manual. Technical Paper 15. Revised Edition. International Soil Reference and Information Centre, Wageningen.
54. Van Reeuwijk, L.P. 1992. Procedures for Soil Analysis, Technical Paper 19, 3rd edn. International Soil Reference and Information Centre, Wageningen.
55. Veldkamp, E. 1993. Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics in Pastures Established After Deforestation in the Humid Tropics of Costa Rica. PhD Thesis, Agricultural University, Wageningen.
56. Vincent, K.R. & Chadwick, O.A. 1994. Synthesizing bulk density for soils with abundant rock fragments. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 58, 455-466.
57. Vogel, A.W. 1994. Compatibility of soil analytical data: determinations of cation exchange capacity, organic carbon, soil reaction, bulk density, and volume percent of water at selected pF values by different methods. Working Paper and Preprint 94/07, ISRIC, Wageningen.
58. Zinke, P.J., Stangenberger, A.G., Post, W.M., Emmanuel, W.R. & Olson, J.S. 1984. Worldwide Organic Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Data. ORNL/TM-8857, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.