Avoidant Personality Disorder

Encyclopedia of Human Behavior: Second Edition

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 257-266

  Sanislow, C A ^a   Bartolini, E E ^a   Zoloth, E C ^a  

^a WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Anxiety; Avoidant; Comorbidity; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM); Personality disorders; Personality traits; Shyness; Social phobia

Indexed keywords

EID: 84891706504     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-375000-6.00049-5     Document Type: Chapter

References (44)

1. Alden L. Short-term structured treatment for avoidant personality disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1989, 57:756-764.
2. Alden L.E., Capreol M.H. Avoidant personality disorder: Interpersonal problems as predictors of treatment response. Behavior Therapy 1993, 24:357-376.
3. Alnaes R., Torgersen S. The relationship between DSM-III symptom disorders (Axis I) and personality disorders (Axis II) in an outpatient population. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1988, 78:485-492.
4. American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders 1980, American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC. 3rd edn.
5. American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders 2000, American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC. 4th edn., text revision.
6. American Psychiatric Association DSM-5 Development. DSM-5: The Future of Psychiatric Diagnosis 2010, (2010), Retrieved from. http://www.dsm5.org/Pages/Default.aspx.
7. Benjamin L.S. Structural analysis of social behavior. Psychological Review 1974, 81:392-425.
8. Benjamin L.S. Interpersonal Diagnosis and Treatment of Personality Disorders 1996, Guilford, New York. 2nd edn.
9. Brooks R.B., Baltazar P.L., Munjack D.J. Co-occurence of personality disorders with panic disorder, social phobia, and generalized anxiety disorder: A review of the literature. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 1989, 3:259-285.
10. Cappe R.F., Alden L.E. A comparison of treatment strategies for clients functionally impaired by extreme shyness and social avoidance. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1986, 54:796-801.
11. Chambless D.L., Fydrich T., Rodebaugh T.L. Generalized social phobia and avoidant personality disorder: Meaningful distinction or useless duplication?. Depression and Anxiety 2008, 25:8-19.
12. Costa P.T., Widiger T.A. Personality Disorders and the Five-Factor Model of Personality 1994, American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
13. Cuthbert B.N. Dimensional models of psychopathology: Research agenda and clinical utility. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2005, 14:565-569.
14. Grilo C.M., Shea M.T., Sanislow C.A., et al. Two-year stability and change in schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2004, 72:767-775.
15. Heimberg R.G. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder: Current status and future directions. Society of Biological Psychiatry 2002, 51:101-108.
16. Horney K. Our inner conflicts 1945, Norton, New York.
17. Lenzenweger M.F., Lane M.C., Loranger A.W., Kessler R.C. DSM-IV personality disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological Psychiatry 2007, 62:553-564.
18. McGlashan T.H., Grilo C.M., Sanislow C.A., et al. Two-year prevalence and stability of individual criteria for schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2005, 162:883-889.
19. Millon T. Modern Psychopathology: A Biosocial Approach to Maladaptive Learning and Functioning 1969, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
20. Millon T. Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory Manual 1982, National Computer Systems, Minneapolis. 2nd ed.
21. Otto M., Pollack M., Gould R., Worthington J., McArdle E., Rosenbaum J.E. A comparison of the efficacy of clonazepam and cognitive behavioral group therapy for the treatment of social phobia. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 2000, 14:345-358.
22. Ralevski E., Sanislow C.A., Grilo C.M., et al. Avoidant personality disorder and social phobia: Distinct enough to be separate disorders?. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2005, 112:208-214.
23. Rettew D.C. Avoidant personality disorder, generalized social phobia, and shyness: Putting the personality back into personality disorders. Harvard Review of Psychiatry 2000, 8:283-297.
24. Sanderson W.C., Wetzler S., Beck A.T., Betz F. Prevalence of personality disorders among patients with anxiety disorders. Psychiatry Research 1994, 51:167-174.
25. Sanislow C.A., Little T.D., Ansell E.B., et al. Ten-year stability and latent structure of the DSM-IV schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2009, 118:507-519.
26. Sanislow C.A., McGlashan T.H. Treatment outcome of personality disorders. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 1998, 43:237-250.
27. Sanislow C.A., Morey L.C., Grilo C.M., et al. Confirmatory factor analysis of DSM-IV schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders: Findings from the Collaborative Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2002, 105:28-36.
28. Shea M.T., Stout R.L., Yen S., et al. Associations in the course of personality disorders and axis I disorders over time. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2004, 113:499-508.
29. Skodol A.E., Gunderson J.G., Shea M.T., et al. The collaborative longitudinal personality disorders study (CLPS): Overview and implications. Journal of Personal Disorders 2005, 19:487-504.
30. Skodol A.E., Oldham J.M., Bender D.S., et al. Dimensional representations of DSM-IV personality disorders: Relationships to functional impairment. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2005, 162:1919-1925.
31. Skodol A.E., Pagano M.E., Bender D.S., et al. Stability of functional impairment in patients with schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder over two years. Psychological Medicine 2005, 35:443-451.
32. Stein M.B., Liebowitz M.D., Lydiard R.L., Pitts C.D., Bushnell M.S., Gergel I. Paroxetine treatment of generalized social phobia (social anxiety disorder). Journal of the American Medical Association 1998, 280:708-713.
33. Trull T.J., Widiger T.A., Frances A. Covariation of criteria sets for avoidant, schizoid, and dependent personality disorders. The American Journal of Psychiatry 1987, 144:767-771.
34. Turner S., Beidel D., Jacob R. Social phobia: A comparison of behavior therapy and atenolol. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1994, 62:350-358.
35. van Velzen C.J.M., Emmelkamp P.M.G., Scholing A. Generalized social phobia versus avoidant personality disorder: Differences in psychopathology, personality traits, and social and occupational functioning. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 2000, 14:395-411.
36. Widiger T.A. Generalized social phobia versus avoidant personality disorder: A commentary on three studies. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 1992, 101:340-343.
37. Widiger T.A., Trull T.J., Clarkin J.F., Sanderson C., Costa P.T. A description of the DSM-III-R and DSM-IV personality disorders with the five-factor model of personality. Personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality 1994, 41-56. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC. P.T. Costa, T.A. Widiger (Eds.).
38. World Health Organization The International Statistical Classification of Disease (ICD) 1992, World Health Organization, Geneva. 10th edn.
39. World Health Organization The International Statistical Classification of Disease (ICD), 10th edn 2007, Retrieved from. http://apps.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online/.
40. Zanarini M.C., Frankenburg F.R., Hennen J., Reich D.B., Silk K.R. Prediction of the 10-year course of borderline personality disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2006, 163:827-832.
41. Zimmerman M., Rothschild L., Chelminski I. The prevalence of DSM-IV personality disorders in psychiatric outpatients. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2005, 162:1911-1918.
42. DSM-5 Development Website. http://www.dsm5.org/Pages/Default.aspx.
43. ICD-10/11 Website. http://apps.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online/.
44. Interview with Professor Lorna Benjamin on SASB and the Structure and Treatment of Personality Disorders. http://www.mentalhelp.net/poc/view_doc.php?type=doc&id=29133&cn=8.