Natural course of hypovascular nodules detected on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging: Presence of fat is a risk factor for hypervascularization

Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences

Volumn 12, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 281-287

  Joishi, Dai ^a,b   Ueno, Akihisa ^a   Tanimoto, Akihiro ^a   Okuda, Shigeo ^a   Masugi, Yohei ^a   Emoto, Katsura ^a   Okuma, Kiyoshi ^a   Sakamoto, Michiie ^a   Imai, Yutaka ^b   Kuribayashi, Sachio ^a  

^a KEIO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

^b TOKAI UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

Author keywords

Gadoxetic acid; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Liver; Magnetic resonance imaging

Indexed keywords

CONTRAST MEDIUM; DIAGNOSTIC AGENT; GADOLINIUM PENTETATE; GADOXETIC ACID;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; AGED; ARTICLE; CELL TRANSFORMATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; LIVER CELL; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; LIVER TUMOR; MALE; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; NEOVASCULARIZATION (PATHOLOGY); NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATHOLOGY; REPRODUCIBILITY; RISK FACTOR; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; VASCULARIZATION;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; AGED; CARCINOMA, HEPATOCELLULAR; CELL TRANSFORMATION, NEOPLASTIC; CONTRAST MEDIA; FEMALE; GADOLINIUM DTPA; HEPATOCYTES; HUMANS; LIVER NEOPLASMS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEOVASCULARIZATION, PATHOLOGIC; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; RISK FACTORS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

EID: 84891531941     PISSN: 13473182     EISSN: 18802206     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2463/mrms.2012-0097     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Venook AP, Papandreou C, Furuse J, de Guevara LL. The incidence and epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma: a global and regional perspective. Oncologist 2010; 15 Suppl 4: 5-13.
2. Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin 2005; 55: 74-108.
3. Bosch FX, Ribes J, Diaz M, Cléries R. Primary liver cancer: worldwide incidence and trends. Gastroenterology 2004; 127 (5 Suppl 1): S5-S16.
4. Yuen MF, Cheng CC, Lauder IJ, Lam SK, Ooi CG, Lai CL. Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma increases the chance of treatment: Hong Kong experience. Hepatology 2000; 31: 330-335.
5. Chan AC, Poon RT, Ng KK, Lo CM, Fan ST, Wong J. Changing paradigm in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma improves the survival benêt of early detection by screening. Ann Surg 2008; 247: 666-673.
6. Sato T, Tateishi R, Yoshida H, et al. Ultrasound surveillance for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatol Int 2009; 3: 544-550.
7. Krinsky GA, Lee VS, Theise ND, et al. Transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis: sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging. Liver Transpl 2002; 8: 1156-1164.
8. de Lédinghen V, Laharie D, Lecesne R, et al. Detection of nodules in liver cirrhosis: spiral computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging? A prospective study of 88 nodules in 34 patients. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002; 14: 159-165.
9. Kudo M. Multistep human hepatocarcinogenesis: correlation of imaging with pathology. J Gastroenterol 2009; 44 Suppl 19: 112-118.
10. Huppertz A, Haraida S, Kraus A, et al. Enhancement of focal liver lesions at gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging: correlation with histopatho logiffindings and spiral CT-initial observations. Radiology 2005; 234: 468-478.
11. Bluemke DA, Sahani D, Amendola M, et al. Efficacy and safety of MR imaging with liverspeci ffi contrast agent: U. S. multicenter phase III study. Radiology 2005; 237: 89-98.
12. Vogl TJ, Kümmel S, Hammerstingl R, et al. Liver tumors: comparison ofMR imaging with Gd-EOBDTPA and Gd-DTPA. Radiology 1996; 200: 59-67.
13. Di Martino M, Marin D, Guerrisi A, et al. Intraindividual comparison of gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MR imaging and 64-section multidetector CT in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis. Radiology 2010; 256: 806-816.
14. Ichikawa T, Saito K, Yoshioka N, et al. Detection and characterization of focal liver lesions: a Japanese phase III, multicenter comparison between gadoxetic acid disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and contrast-enhanced computed tomography predominantly in patientswith hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic liver disease. Invest Radiol 2010; 45: 133-141.
15. Kim YK, Kim CS, Han YM, et al. Detection of hepatocellular carcinoma: gadoxetic acid-enhanced 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging versus multi-detector row computed tomography. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2009; 33: 844-850.
16. Kogita S, Imai Y, Okada M, et al. Gd-EOBDTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance images of hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation with histological grading and portal blood flow. Eur Radiol 2010; 20: 2405-2413.
17. Motosugi U, Ichikawa T, Sano K, et al. Outcome of hypovascular hepatic nodules revealing no gadoxetic acid uptake in patients with chronic liver disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 34: 88-94.
18. Kumada T, Toyoda H, Tada T, et al. Evolution of hypointense hepatocellular nodules observed only in the hepatobiliary phase of gadoxetate disodiumenhanced MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2011; 197: 58-63.
19. Akai H, Matsuda I, Kiryu S, et al. Fate of hypointense lesions on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81: 2973-2977.
20. Takayama Y, Nishie A, Nakayama T, et al. Hypovascular hepatic nodule showing hypointensity in the hepatobiliary phase of gadoxetic acidenhanced MRI in patients with chronic liver disease: prediction of malignant transformation. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81: 3072-3078.
21. Takechi M, Tsuda T, Yoshioka S, et al. Risk of hypervascularization in small hypovascular hepatic nodules showing hypointense in the hepatobiliary phase of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in patients with chronic liver disease. Jap J Radiol 2012; 30: 743-751.
22. Tanimoto A, Lee JM, Murakami T, Huppertz A, Kudo M, Grazioli L. Consensus report of the 2nd International Forum for Liver MRI. Eur Radiol 2009; 19 Suppl 5: S975-S989.
23. Ahn SS, Kim MJ, Lim JS, Hong HS, Chung YE, Choi JY. Added value of gadoxetic acid-enhanced hepatobiliary phase MR imaging in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Radiology 2010; 255: 459-466.
24. Sano K, Ichikawa T, Motosugi U, et al. Imaging study of early hepatocellular carcinoma: usefulness of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology 2011; 261: 834-844.
25. Narita M, Hatano E, Arizono S, et al. Expression of OATP1B3 determines uptake of Gd-EOBDTPA in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol 2009; 44: 793-798.
26. Kitao A, Zen Y, Matsui O, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma: signal intensity at gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging-correlation with molecular transporters and histopathologic features. Radiology 2010; 256: 817-826.
27. Kitao A, Matsui O, Yoneda N, et al. The uptake transporter OATP8 expression decreases during multistep hepatocarcinogenesis: correlation with gadoxetic acid enhanced MR imaging. Eur Radiol 2011; 21: 2056-2066.
28. Kudo M. The 2008 Okuda lecture: management of hepatocellular carcinoma: from surveillance to molecular targeted therapy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 25: 439-452.
29. Eguchi A, Nakashima O, Okudaira S, Sugihara S, Kojiro M. Adenomatous hyperplasia in the vicinity of small hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 1992; 15: 843-848.
30. Kutami R, Nakashima Y, Nakashima O, Shiota K, Kojiro M. Pathomorphologic study on the mechanism of fatty change in small hepatocellular carcinoma of humans. J Hepatol 2000; 33: 282-289.