Glacier mass balance

Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series

Volumn Part 3, Issue , 2011, Pages 399-408

  Haeberli, Wilfried ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84890483737     PISSN: 13884360     EISSN: 1871756X     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-2642-2_341     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (65)

1. http://www.wgms.ch/
2. Abdalati, W., and 9 others. 2004. Elevation changes of ice caps in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109(F4), F04007. (10.1029/2003JF000045.)
3. Arnold, N. S., Rees, W. G., Hodson, A. J., and Kohler, J., 2006. Topographic controls on the surface energy balance of a high Arctic valley glacier. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111(F2), F02011 (10.1029/2005JF000426).
4. Bahr, D. B., Dyurgerov, M., and Meier, M. F., 2009. Sea level rise from glaciers and ice caps: a lower bound. Geophysical Research Letters, 36, L03501, (10.1029/2008GL036309)
5. Berthier, E., Arnaud, Y., Baratoux, D., Vincent, C., and Rémy, F., 2004. Recent rapid thinning of the “Mer de Glace” glacier derived from satellite optical images. Geophysical Research Letters, 31(17), L17401, (10.1029/2004GL020706)
6. Berthier, E., Schiefer, E., Clarke, G. K. C., Menounos, B., and Rémy, F., 2010. Contribution of Alaskan glaciers to sea-level rise derived from satellite imagery. Nature Geoscience Letters, 3, 92–95.
7. Braithwaite, R. J., 2002. Glacier mass balance: the first 50 years of international monitoring. Progress in Physical Geography, 26(1), 76–95.
8. Braithwaite, R., 2006. Measuring and modelling the mass balance of glaciers for global change. In Knight, P. G. (ed.), Glacier Science and Environmental Change. Malden, Oxford, Carlton: Blackwell, pp. 418–423.
9. Braithwaite, R. J., Zhang, Y., and Raper, S. C. B., 2003. Temperature sensitivity of the mass balance of mountain glaciers and ice caps as a climatological characteristic. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, 38, 35–61.
10. Carturan, L., and Seppi, R., 2007. Recent mass balance results and morphological evolution of Careser Glacier (Central Alps). Geografia Fisica e Dinamica Quaternaria, 30(1), 33–42.
11. Cogley, J. G., 2009. Geodetic and direct mass balance measurements: Comparison and joint analysis. Annals of Glaciology, 50(50), 96–100.
12. Cogley, J. G., and Adams, W. P., 1998. Mass balance of glaciers other than the ice sheets. Journal of Glaciology, 44(147), 315–325.
13. Dyurgerov, M. B., and Meier, M. F., 1997. Mass balance of mountain and subpolar glaciers: a new global assessment for 1961–1990. Arctic and Alpine Research, 29(4), 379–391.
14. Haeberli, W., 2004. Glaciers and ice caps: historical background and strategies of world-wide monitoring. In Bamber, J. L., and Payne, A. J. (eds.), Mass Balance of the Cryosphere. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, pp. 559–578.
15. Haeberli, W., 2005. Mountain glaciers in global climate-related observing systems. In Huber, U. M., Bugmann, H. K. H., and Reasoner, M. A. (eds.), Global Change and Mountain Regions (A State of Knowledge Overview). Springer: Dordrecht, pp. 169–175.
16. Haeberli, W., and Burn, C., 2002. Natural hazards in forests – glacier and permafrost effects as related to climate changes. In Sidle, R. C. (ed.), Environmental Change and Geomorphic Hazards in Forests. IUFRO Research Series, 9, pp. 167–202.
17. Haeberli, W., and Hoelzle, M., 1995. Application of inventory data for estimating characteristics of and regional climate-change effects on mountain glaciers: a pilot study with the European Alps. Annals of Glaciology, 21, pp. 206–212. Russian translation in: Data of Glaciological Studies, Moscow (Materialy glyatsiologicheskih issledovanii, Moscow, Russia), 82, pp. 116–124.
18. Haeberli, W., Hoelzle, M., and Suter, S. (eds.) 1998. Into the second century of worldwide glacier monitoring: prospects and strategies. A contribution to the International Hydrological Programme (IHP) and the Global Environment Monitoring System (GEMS). UNESCO – Studies and Reports in Hydrology 56.
19. Haeberli, W., and Holzhauser, H., 2003. Alpine glacier mass changes during the past two millennia. Pages News, 11(1), 13–15.
20. Haeberli, W., Hoelzle, M., Paul, F., and Zemp, M., 2007. Integrated monitoring of mountain glaciers as key indicators of global climate change: the European Alps. Annals of Glaciology, 46, 150–160.
21. Haug, T., Rolstad, C., Elvehøy, H., Jackson, M., and Maalen-Johansen, M., 2009. Geodetic mass balance of the western Svartisen ice cap, Norway, in the periods 1968 1985 and 1985 2002. Annals of Glaciology, 50(50), 119–125.
22. Hock, R., 2005. Glacier melt: a review of processes and their modelling. Progress in Physical Geography, 29(3), 362–391.
23. Hoelzle, M., Haeberli, W., Dischl, M., and Peschke, W., 2003. Secular glacier mass balances derived from cumulative glacier length changes. Global and Planetary Change, 36(4), 77–89.
24. Huss, M., Bauder, A., Funk, M., and Hock, R., 2008. Determination of the seasonal mass balance of four Alpine glaciers since 1865. Journal of Geophysical Research, 113, F01015, doi:10.1029/2007JF000803.
25. Huss, M., Funk, M., and Ohmura, A., 2009. Strong Alpine glacier melt in the 1940s due to enhanced solar radiation. Geophysical Research Letters, 36, L23501, doi: 10.1029/2009GL040789.
26. IPCC 2007. Climate change 2007: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group 1 to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (eds.: Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M. C., Averyt, K., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L.). Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge and New York.
27. Kääb, A., 2008. Glacier volume changes using ASTER satellite stereo and ICES at GLAS laser altimetry. A test study on Edgeøya, Eastern Svalbard. IEEE Transactions on Geosciences and Remote Sensing, 46(10), 2823–2830.
28. Kaser, G., Fountain, A., and Jansson, P., 2003. A manual for monitoring the mass balance of mountain glaciers with particular attention to low latitude characteristics. A contribution from the International Commission on Snow and Ice (ICSI) to the UNESCO HKH-Friend programme. IHP-VI, Technical Documents in Hydrology, No. 59, UNESCO, Paris: 107 pp. + Appendices.
29. Kaser, G., Cogley, J. G., Dyurgerov, M. B., Meier, M. F. and Ohmura, A. (2006): Mass balance of glaciers and ice caps: Consensus estimates for 1961–2004. Geophysical Research Letters, 33(L19501) (doi:10.1029/2006GL027511).
30. Kuhn, M., 1981. Climate and glaciers. IAHS, 131, 3–20.
31. Kuhn, M., 1984. Mass budget imbalances as criterion for a climatic classification of glaciers. Geografiska Annaler, 66A(3), 229–238.
32. Larsen, C. F., Motyka, R. J., Arendt, A. A., Echelmeyer, K. A., and Geissler, P. E., 2007. Glacier changes in southeast Alaska and northwest British Columbia and contribution to sea level rise. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, F01007. (10.1029/ 2006JF000586), American Geophysical Union
33. Le Meur, E., Gerbaux, M., Schäfer, M., and Vincent, C., 2007. Disappearance of an Alpine glacier over the 21st Century simulated from modeling its future surface mass balance. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 261(3–4), 367–374.
34. Letréguilly, A., and Reynaud, L., 1990. Space and time distribution of glacier mass balance in the northern hemisphere. Arctic and Alpine Research, 22(1), 43–50.
35. Machguth, H., Paul, F., Hoelzle, M., and Haeberli, W., 2006a. Distributed glacier mass-balance modelling as an important component of modern multi-level glacier monitoring. Annals of Glaciology, 43, 335–343.
36. Machguth, H., Eisen, O., Paul, F., and Hoelzle, M., 2006b. Strong spatial variability of snow accumulation observed with helicop-ter-borne GPR on two adjacent Alpine glaciers. Geophysical Research Letters, 33, L13503, doi:10.1029/2006GL026576.
37. Meier, M. F., Dyurgerov, M. B., Rick, U. K., O’Neel, S., Pfeffer, W. T., Anderson, R. S., Anderson, S. P., and Glazovsky, A. F., 2007. Glaciers dominate eustatic sea-level rise in the 21st century. Science, 317(5841), 1064–1067.
38. Mercanton, P. L., 1916. Vermessungen am Rhonegletscher. Neue Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 52.
39. Nemec, J., Huybrechts, Ph, Rybak, O., and Oerlemans, J., 2009. Reconstruction of the annual balance of Vadret da Morteratsch, Switzerland, since 1865. Annals of Glaciology, 50(50), 126–134.
40. Nesje, A., Bakke, J., Dahl, S. O., Lie, O., and Matthews, J. A., 2008. Norwegian mountain glaciers in the past, present and future. Global and Planetary Change, 60(1–2), 10–27.
41. Oerlemans, J., 2001. Glaciers and climate change. Lisse Abingdon, Exton, Tokyo: A.A. Balkema, p. 148.
42. Oerlemans, J., Giessen, R. H., and van den Broeke, M. R., 2009. Retraeting alpine glaciers: increased melt rates due to accumulation of dust (Vadret da Morteratsch, Switzerland). Journal of Glaciology, 55(192), 729–736.
43. Oerlemans, J., and Hoogendorn, N. C., 1989. Mass balance gradients and climatic change. Journal of Glaciology, 35(121), 399–405.
44. Oerlemans, J., Anderson, B., Hubbard, A., Huybrechts, P., Johannesson, T., Knap, W. H., Schmeits, M., Stroeven, A. P., van de Wal, R. S. W., Wallinga, J., and Zuo, Z., 1998. Modelling the response of glaciers to climate warming. Climate Dynamics, 14(4), 267–274.
45. Ohmura, A., 2001. Physical basis of the temperature-based melt-index method. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 40(4), 753–761.
46. Ohmura, A., 2006. Changes in mountain glaciers and ice caps during the 20th century. Annals of Glaciology, 43, 361–368.
47. Paul, F., and Haeberli, W., 2008. Spatial variability of glacier elevation changes in the Swiss Alps obtained from two digital elevation models. Geophysical Research Letters, 35, L21502, doi:10.1029/2008/GL034718.
48. Paul, F., Machguth, H., and Kääb, A., 2005. On the impact of glacier albedo under conditions of extreme glacier melt: the summer of 2003 in the Alps. EARSeL Workshop on Remote Sensing of Land Ice and Snow, Berne, 21–23.2. 2005. EARSeL eProceedings, 4(2), 139–149.
49. Paul, F., Maisch, M., Rothenbühler, C., Hoelzle, M., and Haeberli, W., 2007. Calculation and visualisation of future glacier extent in the Swiss Alps by means of hypsographic modelling. Global and Planetary Change, 55(4), 343–357.
50. Raymond, Ch, Neumann, T. A., Rignot, E., Echelmeyer, K., Rivera, A., and Casassa, G., 2005. Retreat of Glaciar Tyndall, Patagonia, over the last half-century. Journal of Glaciology, 51(173), 239–247.
51. Reynaud, L., Vallon, M., and Letréguilly, A., 1986. Mass balance measurements: problems and two new methods of determining variations. Journal of Glaciology, 32(112), 446–454.
52. Rignot, E., Rivera, A., and Casassa, G., 2003. Contribution of the Patagonia icefields of South America to sea level rise. Science, 302, 434–437.
53. Schiefer, E., Menounos, B., and Wheate, R., 2007. Recent volume loss of British Columbian glaciers, Canada. Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L16503, doi:10.1029/2007GL030780.
54. Shumskii, P. A., 1964. Principles of structural glaciology. New York: Translated from the Russian by D. Kraus. Dover Publications Inc., p. 497.
55. Smiraglia, C., Diolaiuti, G., Casati, D., and Kirkbride, M. P., 2000. Recent areal and altimetric variations of Miage Glacier (Monte Bianco massif, Italian Alps). IAHS, 264, 227–233.
56. Surazakov, A. B., and Aizen, V. B., 2006. Estimating volume change of mountain glaciers using SRTM and map-based topographic data. IEEE Transactions of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 44(10), 2991–2995.
57. Thibert, E., and Vincent, C., 2009. Best possible estimation of mass balance combining glaciological and geodetic methods. Annals of Glaciology, 50(50), 112–118.
58. Thibert, E., Blanc, R., Vincent, C., and Eckert, N., 2008. Glaciological and volumetric mass-balance measurements: error analysis over 51 years for Glacier de Sarennes, French Alps. Journal of Glaciology, 54(186), 522–532.
59. UNEP, 2007. Global outlook for ice and snow. EarthPrint: United Nations Environment Programme, p. 235.
60. WGMS, (2008a): Global Glacier Changes: Facts and Figures. Zemp, M., Roer, I., Kääb, A., Hoelzle, M., Paul, F., and Haeberli, W. (eds.), UNEP, World Glacier Monitoring Service, Zurich, Switzerland.
61. WGMS, (2008b): Fluctuations of Glaciers 2000–2005 (Vol. IX, W. Haeberli, M. Zemp, A. Kääb, F. Paul and M. Hoelzle eds). Zurich, Switzerland; ICSU (FAGS), IUGG (IACS), UNEP, UNESCO, WMO.
62. WGMS, (2009): Glacier Mass Balance Bulletin No. 10 (W. Haeberli, I. Gärtner-Roer, M. Hoelzle, F. Paul and M. Zemp eds.). WGMS, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
63. Zemp, M., Haeberli, W., Hoelzle, M., and Paul, F., 2006. Alpine glaciers to disappear within decades? Geophysical Research Letters, 33, L13504, doi:10.1029/2006GL026319.
64. Zemp, M., Hoelzle, M., and Haeberli, W., 2007. Distributed modelling of the regional climatic equilibrium line altitude of glaciers in the European Alps. Global and Planetary Change, 56,83–100.
65. Zemp, M., Hoelzle, M., and Haeberli, W., 2009. Six decades of glacier mass balance observations – a review of the worldwide monitoring network. Annals of Glaciology, 50(50), 101–111.