Estimating passive microwave brightness temperature over snow-covered land in North America using a land surface model and an artificial neural network

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing

Volumn 52, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 235-248

  Forman, Barton A ^a   Reichle, Rolf H ^b   Derksen, Chris ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

^b NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

^c ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

AMSR E; Brightness temperature; Modeling; Neural networks; Passive microwave; Remote sensing; Snow

Indexed keywords

ADVANCED MICROWAVE SCANNING RADIOMETER; AMSR-E; BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES; COMPUTATIONALLY EFFICIENT; LAND SURFACE MODELING; PASSIVE MICROWAVE BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES; PASSIVE MICROWAVES; ROOT MEAN SQUARED ERRORS;

ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY; CATCHMENTS; MODELS; NASA; NEURAL NETWORKS; REMOTE SENSING; RUNOFF; SNOW; TEMPERATURE; TIME SERIES;

MICROWAVES;

ABLATION; AMSR-E; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK; BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE; CATCHMENT; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DATA ASSIMILATION; ESTIMATION METHOD; LAND SURFACE; MICROWAVE RADIATION; NUMERICAL MODEL; SNOW COVER;

NORTH AMERICA;

EID: 84890428359     PISSN: 01962892     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2013.2237913     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. R. L. Armstrong and M. J. Brodzik, Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid Weekly Snow Cover and Sea Ice Extent Version 2, Boulder, Colorado, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media, 2002, updated 2011.
2. K. M. Andreadis and D. P. Lettenmaier, "Assimilating remotely sensed snow observations into a macroscale hydrology model, " Adv. Water Resour., vol. 29, pp. 872-886, 2006.
3. P. Ashcroft and F. Wentz, "Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD) AMSR Level 2A Algorithm, " RSS Tech. Rep. 121 599B-1, p. 27, Nov. 3, 2000.
4. T. P. Barnett, J. C. Adam, and D. P. Lettenmaier, "Potential impacts of a warming climate on water availability in snow-dominated regions, " Nature, vol. 438, pp. 303-309, 2005. (Pubitemid 41643941)
5. Y. Cao, X. Yang, and X. Zhu, "Retrieval snow depth by artificial neural network methodology from integrated AMSR-E and in-situ data - A case study in Qinghai-Tibet plateau, " Chin. Geogra. Sci., vol. 18, pp. 356-360, 2008.
6. A. T. C. Chang, J. L. Foster, and D. K. Hall, "NIMBUS-7 SMMR derived global snow cover parameters, " Ann. Glaciol., vol. 9, pp. 39-44, 1987.
7. A. T. C. Chang and L. Tsang, "A neural network approach to inversion of snow water equivalent from passive microwave measurements, " Nord. Hydrol., vol. 23, pp. 173-182, 1992.
8. D. Clifford, "Global estimates of snow water equivalent from passive microwave instruments: History, challenges, and future developments, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 31, pp. 3707-3726, 2010.
9. S. C. Colbeck, "An overview of seasonal snow metamorphism, " Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., vol. 20, pp. 45-61, 1982.
10. G. J. M. De Lannoy, R. H. Reichle, P. R. Houser, K. Arsenault, N. E. C. Verhoest, and V. R. N. Pauwels, "Satellite-scale snow water equivalent assimilation into a high-resolution land surface model, " J. Hydrometeorol., vol. 11, pp. 352-369, 2010.
11. G. J. M. De Lannoy, R. H. Reichle, K. R. Arsenault, P. R. Houser, S. Kumar, N. E. C. Verhoest, and V. R. N. Pauwels, "Multi-scale assimilation of AMSR-E snow water equivalent and MODIS snow cover fraction in Northern Colorado, " Water Resour. Res..
12. C. Derksen, A. Walker, and B. Goodison, "Evaluation of passive microwave snow water equivalent retrievals across the boreal forest/tundra transition of western Canada, " Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 96, pp. 315-327, 2005. (Pubitemid 40912433)
13. C. Derksen, M. Sturm, G. E. Liston, J. Holmgren, H. Huntington, A. Silis, and D. Solie, "Northwest Territories and Nunavut snow characteristics from a subarctic traverse: Implications for passive microwave remote sensing, " J. Hydrometeorol., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 448-463, Apr. 2009.
14. C. Derksen, P. Toose, A. Rees, L. Wang, M. English, A. Walker, and M. Sturm, "Development of a tundra-specific snow water equivalent retrieval algorithm for satellite passive microwave data, " Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 114, no. 8, pp. 1699-1709, Aug. 2010.
15. J. Dong, J. P. Walker, P. R. Houser, and C. Sun, "Scanning multichannel microwave radiometer snow water equivalent assimilation, " J. Geophys. Res., vol. 112, no. D7, p. D07 108, Apr. 2007.
16. M. T. Durand and S. A. Margulis, "Feasibility test of multi-frequency radiometric data assimilation to estimate snow water equivalent, " J. Hydrometeorol., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 443-457, Jun. 2006. (Pubitemid 44070414)
17. M. T. Durand and S. A. Margulis, "Correcting first-order errors in snow water equivalent estimates using a multifrequency, multiscale radiometric data assimilation scheme, " J. Geophys. Res., vol. 112, no. D13, p. D13 121, Jul. 2007.
18. M. Durand, E. J. Kim, and S. A. Margulis, "Quantifying uncertainty in modeling snow microwave radiance for a mountain snowpack at the point-scale, including stratigraphic effects, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1753-1767, Jun. 2008. (Pubitemid 351711213)
19. M. T. Durand, E. J. Kim, S. A. Margulis, and N. P. Molotch, "A firstorder characterization of error from neglecting stratigraphy in forward and inverse passive microwave modeling of snow, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 730-734, Jul. 2011.
20. B. A. Forman, R. H. Reichle, and M. Rodell, "Assimilation of terrestrial water storage from GRACE in a snow-dominated basin, " Water Resour. Res., vol. 48, no. 1, p. W01 507, Jan. 2012.
21. J. L. Foster, C. Sun, J. P. Walker, R. Kelly, A. T. C. Chang, J. Dong, and H. Powell, "Quantifying the uncertainty in passive microwave snow water equivalent observations, " Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 94, no. 2, pp. 187-203, Jan. 2005. (Pubitemid 40020258)
22. J. L. Foster, D. K. Hall, J. B. Eylander, G. A. Riggs, S. V. Nghiem, M. Tedesco, E. Kim, P. M. Montesano, R. E. J. Kelly, K. A. Casey, and B. Choudhury, "A blended global snow product using visible, passive microwave, and scatterometer satellite data, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 1371-1395, Mar. 2011.
23. M. C. Hansen, R. S. DeFries, J. R. G. Townshend, M. Carroll, C. Dimiceli, and R. A. Sohlberg, "Global percent tree cover at a spatial resolution of 500 meters: First results of the MODIS vegetation continuous fields algorithm, " Earth Interact., vol. 7, no. 10, pp. 1-15, Oct. 2003.
24. S. D. Helfrich, D. McNamara, B. Ramsay, and T. Kasheta, "Enhancements to, and forthcoming developments in the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS), " Hydrol. Process., vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 1576-1586, Jun. 2007. (Pubitemid 46916514)
25. E. G. Josberger and N. M. Mognard, "A passive microwave snow depth algorithm with a proxy for snow metamorphism, " Hydrol. Process., vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1557-1568, 2002. (Pubitemid 34657975)
26. R. E. J. Kelly, "The AMSR-E snow depth algorithm: Description and initial results, " J. Remote Sens. Soc. Jpn., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 307-317, 2009.
27. K. W. Knowles, M. H. Savoie, R. L. Armstrong, and M. J. Brodzik, AMSR-E/Aqua daily EASE-grid brightness temperatures, September 2002 through May 2011, Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media, 2006, updated 2011.
28. R. D. Koster, M. J. Suarez, A. Ducharne, M. Stieglitz, and P. Kumar, "A catchment-based approach to modeling land surface processes in a general circulation model 1.Model structure, " J. Geophys. Res., vol. 105, no. D20, pp. 24 809-24 822, Jan. 2000.
29. A. Langlois, A. Royer, F. Dupont, A. Roy, K. Goïta, and G. Picard, "Improved corrections of forest effects on passive microwave satellite remote sensing of snow over boreal and subarctic regions, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote, vol. 49, no. 10, pp. 3824-3837, Oct. 2011.
30. K. Levenberg, "Method for the solution of certain non-linear problems in least squares, " Quart. Appl. Math., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 164-168, 1944.
31. R. P. Lippmann, "An introduction to computing with neural nets, " IEEE ASSP Mag., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 4-22, Apr. 1987.
32. I. MacPherson, D. Marcotte, and J. Jordan, "The NRC atmospheric research aircraft, " Can. Aeronaut. Space J., vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 147-157, 2001. (Pubitemid 33093646)
33. D. W. Marquardt, "An algorithm for least squares estimation of nonlinear parameters, " J. Soc. Ind. Appl. Math., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 431-441, Jun. 1963.
34. C. Mätzler, "Passive microwave signatures of landscapes in winter, " Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., vol. 54, no. 1-4, pp. 241-260, 1994.
35. D. B. McLaughlin, "An integrated approach to hydrologic data assimilation: Interpolation, smoothing, and filtering, " Adv. Water Resour., vol. 25, no. 8-12, pp. 1275-1286, Aug. 2002.
36. L. Prechelt, "Early Stopping - But When?, " in Neural Networks: Tricks of the Trade, vol. 1524, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, G. B. Orr and K.-R. Müller, Eds. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 55-69.
37. J. Pulliainen, "Mapping of snow water equivalent and snow depth in boreal and sub-arctic zones by assimilating space-borne microwave radiometer data and ground-based observations, " Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 101, no. 2, pp. 257-269, Mar. 2006. (Pubitemid 43343906)
38. B. H. Ramsay, "The interactive multisensor snow and ice mapping system, " Hydrol. Process., vol. 12, no. 10/11, pp. 1537-1546, Aug./Sep. 1998.
39. A. Rees, J. Lemmetyinen, C. Derksen, J. Pulliainen, and M. English, "Observed and modelled effects of ice lens formation on passive microwave brightness temperatures over snow covered tundra, " Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 116-126, Jan. 2010.
40. R. H. Reichle, D. B. McLaughlin, and D. Entekhabi, "Hydrologic data assimilation with the ensemble Kalman filter, " Mon. Weather Rev., vol. 130, no. 1, pp. 103-114, Jan. 2002. (Pubitemid 34838242)
41. R. H. Reichle, R. D. Koster, G. J. M. De Lannoy, B. A. Forman, Q. Liu, S. P. P. Mahanama, and A. Touré, "Assessment and enhancement of MERRA land surface hydrology estimates, " J. Climate, vol. 24, no. 24, pp. 6322-6338, Dec. 2011.
42. M. M. Rienecker, M. J. Suarez, R. Gelaro, R. Todling, J. Bacmeister, E. Liu, M. G. Bosilovich, S. D. Schubert, L. Takacs, G.-K. Kim, S. Bloom, J. Chen, D. Collins, A. Conaty, A. da Silva, W. Gu, J. Joiner, R. D. Koster, R. Lucchesi, A. Molod, T. Owens, S. Pawson, P. Pegion, C. R. Redder, R. H. Reichle, F. R. Robertson, A. G. Ruddick, M. Sienkiewicz, and J. Woolen, "MERRA - NASA's modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications, " J. Climate, vol. 24, no. 14, pp. 3624-3648, Jul. 2011.
43. E. Santi, "An application of the SFIM technique to enhance the spatial resolution of spaceborne microwave radiometers, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 31, no. 9, pp. 2419-2428, Mar. 2010.
44. M. Stieglitz, A. Ducharne, R. D. Koster, and M. Suarez, "The impact of detailed snow physics on the simulation of snow cover and subsurface thermodynamics at continental scales, " J. Hydrometeor., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 228-242, Jun. 2001.
45. M. Sturm, J. Holmgren, and G. E. Liston, "A seasonal snow cover classification system for local to global applications, " J. Climate, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 1261-1283, May 1995. (Pubitemid 26442034)
46. M. Tedesco, J. Pulliainen, M. Takala, M Hallikainen, and P. Pampaloni, "Artificial neural network-based techniques for the retrieval of SWE and snow depth from SSM/I data, " Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 90, no. 1, pp. 76-85, Mar. 2004. (Pubitemid 38225348)
47. M. Tedesco and P. S. Narvekar, "Assessment of the NASA AMSR-E SWE product, " IEEE J. Sel. Topics Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 141-159, Mar. 2010.
48. J. Tong, S. J. Déry, P. L. Jackson, and C. Derksen, "Testing snow water equivalent retrieval algorithms for passive microwave remote sensing in an alpine watershed of western Canada, " Can. J. Remote Sens., vol. 36, no. S1, pp. S74-S86, 2010.
49. L. Tsang, Z. Chen, S. Oh, R. J. Marks, and A. T. C. Chang, "Inversion of snow parameters from passive microwave remote sensing measurements by a neural network trained with a multiple scattering model, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 1015-1024, Sep. 1992. (Pubitemid 23608396)
50. A. Walker, J. W. Strapp, and I. MacPherson, "A Canadian Twin Otter microwave radiometer installation for airborne remote sensing of snow, ice, and soil moisture, " in Proc. IGARSS, 2002, vol. 5, pp. 2678-2680. (Pubitemid 35228359)