Creating opportunities for domesticating and commercializing miombo indigenous fruit trees in Southern Africa

Indigenous Fruit Trees in the Tropics: Domestication, Utillization and Commercialization

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 137-170

  Akinnifesi, Festus K ^a   Ajayi, Oluyede C ^a   Sileshi, Gudeta ^a   Matakala, Patrick ^a   Kwesiga, Freddie R ^b   Ham, Cori ^c   Kadzere, Irene ^d   Mhango, Jarret ^e   Mng'Omba, Simon A ^f   Chilanga, Thomson ^g   Mkonda, Alfred ^h  

^a WORLD AGROFORESTRY CENTRE ICRAF   (Kenya)

^b Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa FARA   (Ghana)

^c STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

^d Chemistry and Soils Research Institute   (Zimbabwe)

^e MZUZU UNIVERSITY   (Malawi)

^f UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

^g Bvumbwe Agricultural Research Station   (Malawi)

^h Msekera Research Station   (Zambia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84890134409     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (70)

1. Agufa, C.A.C. (2002) Genetic variation in Sclerocarya birrea and Uapaca kirkiana indigenous fruit trees of the miombo woodlands. MSc Thesis, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya, 123 pp.
2. Akinnifesi, F.K., Kwesiga, F.R., Mhango, J., Mkonda, A., Chilanga, T. and Swai, R. (2004a) Domesticating priority miombo indigenous fruit trees as a promising livelihood option for smallholder farmers in southern Africa. Acta Horticulturae 632, 15-30.
3. Akinnifesi, F.K., Chilanga, T., Mkonda, A. and Kwesiga, F. (2004b) Domestication of Uapaca kirkiana in southern Africa: a preliminary evaluation of provenances in Malawi and Zambia. In: Rao, M.R. and Kwesiga, F.R. (eds) Proceedings of Regional Agroforestry Conference on Agroforestry Impacts on Livelihooods in Southern Africa: Putting Research into Practice. World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi, pp. 85-92.
4. Akinnifesi, F.K., Kwesiga, F., Mhango, J., Chilanga, T., Mkonda, A., Kadu, C.A.C., Kadzere, I., Mithöfer, D., Saka, J.D.K., Sileshi, G., Ramadhani, T. and Dhliwayo, P. (2006) Towards the development of miombo fruit trees as commercial tree crops in southern Africa. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 16, 103-121.
5. Campbell, B.M. (1987) The use of wild fruits in Zimbabwe. Economic Botany 41, 375-385.
6. Campbell, B., Luckert, M. and Scoones, I. (1997) Local level valuation of Savannah resources: a case study from Zimbabwe. Economic Botany 51, 57-77.
7. Cornelius, J.P., Clement, C.R., Weber, J.C., Sotelo-Montes, C., van Leeuwen, J., Ugarte-Guerra, L.J., Rices-Tembladera, A. and Arevalo-Lopez, L. (2006) The trade-off between genetic gain and conservation in a participatory improvement programme: the case of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth). Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 16, 17-34.
8. de Ferranti, D., Perry, G.E., Lederman, W.F.D. and Valdes, A. (2005) Beyond the city: the rural contribution to development. World Bank, Washington DC, 245 pp.
9. Dickman, D.I. (1985) The ideotype concept applied to forest trees. In: Cannell, M.R.G. and Jackson, J.E. (eds) Attributes of Trees as Crop Plants. Institute of Terrestial Ecology, Huntington, UK, pp. 89-101.
10. Dickman, D.I., Gold, M.A. and Flore, J.A. (1994) The ideotype concept and genetic improvement of tree crops. Plant Breeding Reviews 12, 163-193.
11. FAO (2001) Country Report, Malawi. FAO/WFP Crop and food assessment mission to Malawi. FAO, Rome.
12. Fiedler, L. (2005) Adoption of indigenous fruit tree planting in Malawi. MSc Thesis, University of Hannover, Germany, 79 pp.
13. Fox, F.W. and Young, M.E.N. (1982) Food from the Veld. Edible Wild Plants of Southern Africa Botanically Identified and Described. Delta Books, Cape Town, 422 pp.
14. Franzel, S., Jaenicke, H. and Janssen, W. (1996) Choosing the right trees: setting priorities for multipurpose tree improvement. International Service for National Agricultural Research (ISNAR) Research Report No. 8. ISNAR, The Hague, 87 pp.
15. German, G.M. (2004) Land tenure, land-related factors and tree tenure systems: an investigation of farmer willingness to cultivate miombo fruit trees in Malawi and Eastern Zambia. MSc Thesis, Bunda College, University of Malawi, Malawi, 115 pp.
16. Ham, C. (2005) Plant for food and drink. In: Mander, M. and Mckensie, M. (eds) Southern African Trade Directory of Indigenous Natural Products. Commercial Products from the Wild Group. Department of Forest and Wood Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa, pp. 17-22.
17. Hamisy, W.C. (2004) Promotion of effective conservation and sustainable utilization of Uapaca kirkiana Kuel. Arg southern African region. Final report for the Abdou Salaam Ouedraogo Fellowship (IPGRI). Tropical Pesticides Research Institute (TPRI), National Plant Genetic Resources Centre, Arusha, Tanzania.
18. ICRAF (2005) Annual report. Domestication and commercialization of indigenous fruit trees in southern Africa. Project Report, ICRAF/BMZ, Lilongwe, 6 pp.
19. Kaaria, S.W. (1998) The economic potential of wild fruit trees in Malawi. Thesis, Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Minnesota, Minnesota, 173 pp.
20. Kader, A.A. (1992) Post-harvest biology and technology: an overview. In: Kader, A.A. (ed.) Post-harvest Technology of Horticultural Crops. University of California, California, pp. 15-20.
21. Kadzere, I., Chilanga, T.G., Ramadhani, T., Lungu, S., Malembo, L., Rukuni, D., Simwaza, P.P., Rarieya, M. and Maghembe, J.A. (1998) Choice of priority indigenous fruits for domestication in southern Africa: summary of case studies in Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. In: Maghembe, J.A., Simons, A.J., Kwesiga, F. and Rarieya, M.M. (eds) Selecting Indigenous Fruit Trees for Domestication in Southern Africa. ICRAF, Nairobi, pp 1-39.
22. Kadzere, I., Hove, L., Gatsi, T., Masarirambi, M.T., Tapfumaneyi, L., Maforimbo, E., Magumise, I., Sadi, J. and Makaya, P.R. (2001) Current practices on post-harvest handling and traditional processing of indigenous fruits in Zimbabwe. Final Technical Report to Department of Agricultural Research and Technical Services. Department of Agricultural Research and Technical Services Zimbabwe, 66 pp.
23. Kadzere, I., Hove, L., Gatsi, T., Masarirambi, M.T., Tapfumaneyi, L., Maforimbo, E. and Magumise, I. (2004) Domestication of indigenous fruits: post harvest fruit handling practices and traditional processing of indigenous fruits in Zimbabwe. In: Rao, M.R. and Kwesiga, F.R. (eds) Proceedings of the Regional Agroforestry Conference on Agroforestry Impacts on Livelihood in Southern Africa: Putting Research into Practice. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi, pp. 353-363.
24. Kadzere, I., Watkins, C.B., Merwin, I.A., Akinnifesi, F.K., Hikwa, D., Hove, L., Mhango, J., Saka, J.D.K. (2006a) Harvesting and postharvest handling practices of Uapaca kirkiana (Muell. Arg.) fruits: a survey of roadside markets in Malawi. Agroforestry Systems 68, 133-142.
25. Kadzere, I., Watkins, C.B., Merwin, I.A., Akinnifesi, F.K. and Saka, J.D.K. (2006b) Harvest date affects color and soluble solids concentrations (SSC) of Uapaca kirkiana (Muell. Arg) fruits from natural woodlands. Agroforestry Systems 69, 167-173.
26. Kadzere, I., Watkins, C.B., Merwin, I.A., Akinnifesi, F.K. and Saka, J.D.K. (2006c) Postharvest damage and darkening in fresh fruit of Uapaca kirkiana (Muell. Arg.) Postharvest Biology and Technology 39, 199-203.
27. Kadzere, I., Watkins, C.B., Merwin, I.A., Akinnifesi, F.K., Saka, J.D.K. and Mhango, J. (2006d) Fruit variability and relationship between color at harvest and subsequent soluble Solids concentrations and color development during storage of Uapaca kirkiana (Muell. Arg.) from natural woodlands. Horticultural Science 41, 352-356.
28. Kang, B.T. and Akinnifesi, F.K. (2000) Agroforestry as alternative land-use production systems for the tropics. Natural Resources Forum 24, 137-151.
29. Karachi, M., Ruffo, N., Lemma, N. and Minae, S. (1991) Use of multipurpose trees in western Tanzania: result of an Ethnobotanical survey of multipurpose trees in Tabora region. ASFRENA Report, No. 40. ICRAF, Nairobi.
30. Kordylas, J.M. (1991) Processing and Preservation of Tropical and Subtropical Foods. Macmillan, London, 414 pp.
31. Kruise, T. (2006) Economics of in-situ conservation of indigenous trees: the case of smallholder farmers in central Malawi. MSc Thesis, University of Hannover, Germany, 103 pp.
32. Kwesiga, F. and Chisumpa, S.M. (1992) Multipurpose trees of the Eastern province of Zambia: an ethnobotanical survey of their use in the farming systems. AFRENA Report No. 49. ICRAF, Nairobi.
33. Kwesiga, F., Akinnifesi, F.K., Ramadhani, T., Kadzere, I. and Saka, J. (2000) Domestication of indigenous fruit trees of the miombo in southern Africa. In: Shumba, E.M., Lusepani, E. and Hangula, R. (eds) Proceedings of a SADC Tree Seed Centre Network Technical Meeting, Windhoek, Namibia, 13-14 March 2000. SADC Tree Seed Centre Network/SADC/FAO/CIDA Strategy Workshop, Windhoek, Namibia, pp. 8-24.
34. Leakey, R.R.B. and Page, T. (2006) The 'ideotype' concept and its application to the selection of cultivars of trees providing agroforestry products. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 16, 5-16.
35. Leakey, R.R.B., Tchoundjeu, Z., Schreckenberg, K., Shackleton, S.E. and Shackleton, C.M. (2005) Agroforestry tree products (AFTPs): targeting poverty reduction and enhanced livelihoods. International Journal for Agricultural Sustainability 3, 1-23.
36. Maghembe, J.A. (1995) Achievement in the establishment of indigenous fruit trees of the miombo woodlands of southern Africa. In: Maghembe, J.A., Ntupanyama, Y. and Chirwa, P.W. (eds) Improvement of Indigenous Fruit Trees of the Miombo Woodlands of Southern Africa. ICRAF, Nairobi, Kenya, pp. 39-49.
37. Maghembe, J.A. and Seyani, J.H. (1991) Multipurpose trees used by small-scale farmers in Malawi: results of an ethnobotanical survey. AFRENA Report No. 42. ICRAF, Nairobi.
38. Maghembe, J.A., Simons, A.J., Kwesiga, F. and Rarieya, M. (1998) Selecting indigenous trees for domestication in southern Africa: priority setting with farmers in Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. ICRAF, Nairobi, Kenya, 94 pp.
39. Malembo, L.N., Chilanga, T.G. and Maliwichi, C.P. (1998) Indigenous fruit selection for domestication by farmers in Malawi. In: Maghembe, J.A., Simons, A.J., Kwesiga, F. and Rarieya, M. (eds) Selecting Indigenous Trees for Domestication in Southern Africa: Priority Setting with Farmers in Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. International Centre for Research in Agroforestry, Nairobi, Kenya, pp. 16 - 39.
40. Mateke, S. (2003) Cultivation of Native Fruit Trees of Kalahari Sandveld: Studies on the Commercial Potential, Interactions between Soil and Biota in Kalahari Sands of Southern Africa. Veld Products, Gaborone, Botswana, 49 pp.
41. Mhango, J. and Akinnifesi, F.K. (2001) On-farm assessment, farmer management and perception of priority indigenous fruit trees in southern Malawi. In: Kwesiga, F., Ayuk, E. and Agumya, A. (eds) Proceedings of 14th Southern African Regional Review and Planning Workshop, 3-7 September 2001, Harare, Zimbabwe. ICRAF, Nairobi, pp. 157-164
42. Mithöfer, D. (2005) Economics of Indigenous Fruit Tree Crops in Zimbabwe. PhD Thesis, Department of Economics and Business Administration, University of Hannover, Germany.
43. Mithöfer, D. and Waibel, H. (2003) Income and labour productivity of collection and use of indigenous fruit tree products in Zimbabwe. Agroforestry Systems 59, 295-305.
44. Mithöfer, D., Waibel, H. and Akinnifesi, F.K. (2006) The role of food from natural resources in reducing vulnerability to poverty: a case study from Zimbabwe. Paper accepted for the 26th Conference of the International Association of Agricultural Economists (IAAE), 12-18 August, 2006, Queensland, Australia.
45. Mmangisa, M.L. (2006) Consumer preferences for indigenous fruits in Malawi: a case study of Uapaca kirkiana. MSc Thesis, University of Hannover, Germany, 116 pp.
46. Mng'omba, S.A. (2007) Development of clonal propagation protocols for Uapaca kirkiana and Pappea capensis, two southern African trees with economic potential. PhD thesis (submitted), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa, 199 pp.
47. Mng'omba, S.A., du Toit, E.S., Akinnifesi, F.K. and Venter, H.M. (2007a) Repeated exposure of jacket plum (Pappea capensis) micro-cuttings to indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) improved in vitro rooting capacity. South African Journal of Botany 73, 230-235.
48. Mng'omba, S.A., du Toit, E.S., Akinnifesi, F.K. and Venter, H.M. (2007b) Histological evaluation of early graft compatibility in Uapaca kirkiana Muell. Arg. scion/stock combinations. Horticultural Science 42, 1-5.
49. Mwamba, C.K. (1995a) Variations in fruits of Uapaca kirkiana and the effects of in situ silvicultural treatments on fruit parameters. In: Maghembe, J.A., Ntupanyama, Y. and Chirwa, P.W. (eds) Improvement of Indigenous Fruit Trees of the Miombo Woodlands of Southern Africa. ICRAF, Nairobi, pp. 27-38.
50. Mwamba, C.K. (1995b) Effect of root-inhabiting fungi on root-growth potential of Uapaca kirkiana (Muell. Arg.) seedlings. Applied Soil Ecology 2, 217-226.
51. Ngulube, M.R., Hall, J.B. and Maghembe, J.A. (1995) Ecology of miombo fruit tree: Uapaca kirkiana (Euphorbiaceae). Forest Ecology and Management 77, 107-117.
52. Ngulube, M.R., Hall, J.B. and Maghembe, J.A. (1998) Fruit, seed and seedling variation in Uapaca Kirkiana from natural populations in Malawi. Forest Ecology and Management 98, 209-217.
53. Ngwira, T.N. (1996) Utilisation of local fruit in wine making in Malawi. In: Leakey, R.R.B., Temu, A.B., Melnyk, M. and Vantomme, P. (eds) Domestication and Commercialisation of Non-timber Forest Products in Agroforestry Systems. Non-wood Forest Products No. 9. FAO, Rome, pp. 188-191.
54. Nyland, R. (1996) Silviculture: Concepts and Applications. McGraw-Hill Companies, New York, 633 pp.
55. Ramadhani, T. (2002) Marketing of indigenous fruits in Zimbabwe. Socio-economic Studies on Rural Development, Vol. 129. Wissenschaftsverlag Vauk. Kiel, Germany.
56. Ruiz-Perez, M., Belcher, B., Achdiawan, R., Alexiades, M., Aubertin, C., Caballero, J., Campbell, B., Clement, C., Cunningham, T., Martinez, A., Jong, W. de, Kusters, K., Kutty, M.G., Lopez, C., Fu, M., Alfaro, M.A., Nair, T.K., Ndoye, O., Ocampo, R., Rai, N., Ricker, M., Schreckenberg, K., Shakleton, S., Shanley, P., Sun, T. and Young, Y.-C. (2004) Markets drive the specialization strategies of forest peoples. Ecology and Society 9, 1-9.
57. Saka, J.D.K., Mwendo-Phiri, E. and Akinnifesi, F.K. (2002) Community processing and nutritive value of some miombo indigenous fruits in central and southern Malawi. In: Kwesiga, F., Ayuk, E. and Agumya, A. (eds) Proceedings of 14th Southern African Regional Review and Planning Workshop, 3-7 September 2001. ICRAF, Harare, Zimbabwe, pp. 164-169.
58. Saka, J.D.K., Swai, R., Mkonda, A., Schomburg, A., Kwesiga, F. and Akinnifesi, F.K. (2004) Processing and utilisation of indigenous fruits of the miombo in southern Africa. In: Rao, M.R. and Kwesiga, F.R. (eds) Proceedings of Regional Agroforestry Conference on Agroforestry Impacts on Livelihooods in Southern Africa: Putting Research into Practice. World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi, Kenya, pp. 343-352.
59. Saka, J.D.K., Rapp, I., Ndolo, V., Mhango, J. and Akinnifesi, F.K. (2006) A comparative study of the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of Uapaca kirkiana, Strychnos cocculoides, Adansonia digitata and Mangifera indica products. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.01294.x.
60. Scherr, S.J. (2004) Building opportunities for small-farm agroforestry to supply domestic wood markets in developing countries. Agroforestry Systems 61, 357-370.
61. Schomburg, A., Mhango, J. and Akinnifesi, F.K. (2002) Marketing of masuku (U. kirkiana) and masawo (Ziziphus mauritiana) fruits and their potential for processing by rural communities in southern Malawi. In: Kwesiga, F., Ayuk, E. and Agumya, A. (eds) Proceedings of 14th Southern African Regional Review and Planning Workshop, 3-7 September 2001. ICRAF, Harare, Zimbabwe, pp.169-176.
62. Shackleton, C.M. (2004) Use and selection of Sclerocarya birrea (Marula) in the Bushbuckridge lowveld, South Africa. In: Rao, M.R. and Kwesiga, F.R. (eds) Proceedings of Regional Agroforestry Conference on Agroforestry Impacts on Livelihooods in Southern Africa: Putting Research into Practice. World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi, Kenya, pp. 77-92.
63. Sidibe, M., Scheuring, J.F., Kone, M., Hofman, P. and Frigg, M. (1998) More on baobab's homegrown vitamin C: some trees have more than others - consistently. Agrofrestry Today 10(4), 10.
64. Simons, A.J. (1996) ICRAF's strategy for domestication of non-wood tree products. In: Leakey, R.R.B., Temu, A., Melnyk, M. and Vantomme, P. (eds) Domestication and Commercialization of Non-Timber Forest Products in Agroforestry Systems. FAO Non-wood Products No. 9, pp. 8-22.
65. Simons, A.J. and Leakey, R.R.B. (2004) Tree domestication in tropical agroforestry. Agroforestry Systems 61, 167-181.
66. Simons, R.K. (1987) Compatibility and stockscion interactions as related to dwarfing. In: Rom, R. and Carson, R.F. (eds) Rootstocks for Fruit Crops. Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, pp. 79-106.
67. Tchoundjeu, Z., Asaah, E.K., Anegbeh, P., Degrande, A., Mbile, P., Facheux, C., Tsoberg, A., Atangana, A.R., Ngo-Mpeck, M.L. and Simons, A.J. (2006) Putting participatory domestication into practice in West and Central Africa. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 16, 53-70.
68. Tiisekwa, B.P.M., Ndabikunze, B.K., Samson, G. and Juma, M. (2004) Suitability of some indigenous tree fruits for manufacturing juices and jams in Tanzania. In: Rao, M.R. and Kwesiga, F.R. (eds) Proceedings of Regional Agroforestry Conference on Agroforestry Impacts on Livelihooods in Southern Africa: Putting Research into Practice. World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi, Kenya, pp. 331-335.
69. Wiersum, K.F. (2004) Forest gardens as an 'intermediate' land-use system in the nature-culture continuum: characteristics and future potential. Agroforestry Systems 61, 123-134.
70. Wynberg, R.P., Laird, S.A., Shackleton, S., Mander, M., Shackleton, C., du Plessis, P., den Adel, S., Leakey, R.R.B., Botelle, A., Lombard, C., Sullivan, C., Cunningham, A.B. and O'Regan, D. (2003) Marula policy brief: marula commercialisation for sustainable and equitable livelihoods. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 13, 203-215.