Infrastructure requirements for human papillomavirus vaccination and cervical cancer screening in sub-saharan africa

Vaccine

Volumn 31, Issue S5, 2013, Pages

  Sankaranarayanan, Rengaswamy ^a   Anorlu, Rose ^b   Sangwa Lugoma, Ghislain ^c,d   Denny, Lynette A ^e  

^a INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH ON CANCER   (France)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS   (Nigeria)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^d UNIVERSITY OF KINSHASA   (Congo)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

Author keywords

HPV DNA testing; HPV vaccination; Primary prevention; Secondary prevention; Sub Saharan Africa; VIA

Indexed keywords

ACETIC ACID; VIRUS DNA; WART VIRUS VACCINE;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; AFRICA; AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER PREVENTION; CANCER SCREENING; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; CRYOTHERAPY; CYTOLOGY; DRUG EFFICACY; HEALTH PROGRAM; HUMAN; HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS DNA TEST; INFECTION CONTROL; INFECTION PREVENTION; PAPANICOLAOU TEST; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SCREENING TEST; SECONDARY PREVENTION; TUMOR INVASION; UTERINE CERVIX CANCER; VACCINATION;

HPV DNA TESTING; HPV VACCINATION; PRIMARY PREVENTION; SECONDARY PREVENTION; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; VIA;

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; DIAGNOSTIC SERVICES; EARLY DETECTION OF CANCER; FEMALE; HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATION; HUMANS; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS; PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINES; PRIMARY PREVENTION; UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS; VACCINATION;

EID: 84890063811     PISSN: 0264410X     EISSN: 18732518     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.066     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. GLOBOCAN 2008 v1.2, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC CancerBase No. 10. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2010. Available at: (last accessed April 2013). http://globocan.iarc.fr/.
2. Sankaranarayanan R., Sauvaget C., Ramadas K., Ngoma T., Teguete I., Muwonge R., et al. Clinical trials of cancer screening in the developing world and their impact on cancer healthcare. Ann Oncol 2011, 22(Suppl 7):vii20-vii28.
3. Parkin D.M., Nambooze S., Wabwire-Mangen F., Wabinga H.R. Changing cancer incidence in Kampala, Uganda, 1991-2006. Int J Cancer 2010, 126:1187-1195.
4. Walboomers J.M., Jacobs M.V., Manos M.M., Bosch F.X., Kummer J.A., Shah K.V., et al. Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide. J Pathol 1999, 189:12-19.
5. IARC. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans - Human Papillomaviruses. IARC Monographs, Volume 90. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2007.
6. Heard I. Human papillomavirus, cancer and vaccination. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2011, 6:297-302.
7. Li N., Franceschi S., Howell-Jones R., Snijders P.J., Clifford G.M. Human papillomavirus type distribution in 30,848 invasive cervical cancers worldwide: Variation by geographical region, histological type and year of publication. Int J Cancer 2011, 128(4):927-935.
8. de Sanjose S., Quint W.G.V., Alemany L., Geraets D.T., Klaustermeier J., Lloveras B., et al. Human papillomavirus genotype attribution in invasive cervical cancer: a retrospective cross-sectional worldwide study. Lancet Oncol 2010, 11:1048-1056.
9. WHO position paper. Available at: (last accessed April 2013). http://www.who.int/wer/2009/wer8415.pdf.
10. Schiller J.T., Castellsagué X., Garland S.M. A review of clinical trials of human papillomavirus prophylactic vaccines. Vaccine 2012, 30(Suppl 5):F123-F138.
11. GAVI Alliance. GAVI takes the first steps to introduce vaccines against cervical cancer and rubella. Available at: (last accessed April 2013). http://www.gavialliance.org/library/news/press-releases/2011/gavi-takes-first-steps-to-introduce-vaccines-against-cervical-cancer-and-rubella/.
12. LaMontagne D.S., Barge S., Le N.T., Mugisha E., Penny M.E., Gandhi S., et al. Human papillomavirus vaccine delivery strategies that achieved high coverage in low- and middle-income countries. Bull World Health Organ 2011, 89:821B-830B.
13. Editorial: Financing HPV vaccination in Developing Countries. Lancet 2011;377:1544.
14. Binagwaho A., Wagner C.M., Gatera M., Karema C., Nutt C.T., Ngabo F. Achieving high coverage in Rwanda's national human papillomavirus vaccination programme. Bull World Health Organ 2012, 90(8):623-628.
15. Kane M.A., Serrano B., de Sanjosé S., Wittet S. Implementation of human papillomavirus immunization in the developing world. Vaccine 2012, 30(Suppl 5):F192-F200.
16. Schiffman M., Castle P.E. The promise of global cervical-cancer prevention. N Engl J Med 2005, 353:2101-2104.
17. World Health Organization. Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Control: A guide to essential practice. Geneva: WHO; 2006.
18. Sankaranarayanan R., Basu P., Wesley R.S., Mahe C., Keita N., Mbalawa C.C., et al. Accuracy of visual screening for cervical neoplasia: Results from an IARC multicentre study in India and Africa. Int J Cancer 2004, 110:907-913.
19. Sankaranarayanan R., Gaffikin L., Jacob M., Sellors J., Robles S. A critical assessment of screening methods for cervical neoplasia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2005, 89(Suppl 2):S4-S12.
20. Sauvaget C., Fayette J.M., Muwonge R., Wesley R., Sankaranarayanan R. Accuracy of visual inspection with acetic acid for cervical cancer screening. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2011, 113:14-24.
21. Li R., Lewkowitz A.K., Zhao F.H., Zhou Q., Hu S.Y., Qiu H., et al. Analysis of the effectiveness of visual inspection with acetic acid/Lugol's iodine in one-time and annual follow-up screening in rural China. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2012, 285:1627-1632.
22. Muwonge R., Manuel M.G., Filipe A.P., Dumas J.B., Frank M.R., Sankaranarayanan R. Visual screening for early detection of cervical neoplasia in Angola. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2010, 111:68-72.
23. Murillo R., Luna J., Gamboa O., Osorio E., Bonilla J., Cendales R. Cervical cancer screening with naked-eye visual inspection in Colombia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2010, 109:230-234.
24. Ngoma T., Muwonge R., Mwaiselage J., Kawegere J., Bukori P., Sankaranarayanan R. Evaluation of cervical visual inspection screening in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2010, 109:100-104.
25. Lewis K., Tsu V., Dawa A., Kidula N., Chami I., Sellors J. A comparison of triage methods for Kenyan women who screen positive for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid. Afr Health Sci 2011, 11:362-369.
26. Denny L., Kuhn L., Hu C.C., Tsai W.Y., Wright T.C. Human papillomavirus-based cervical cancer prevention: long-term results of a randomized screening trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010, 102:1557-1567.
27. Gaffikin L., Blumenthal P.D., Emerson M., Limpaphayom K. Safety, acceptability, and feasibility of a single-visit approach to cervical-cancer prevention in rural Thailand: a demonstration project. Lancet 2003, 361:814-820.
28. Blumenthal P.D., Gaffikin L., Deganus S., Lewis R., Emerson M., Adadevoh S. Cervical cancer prevention: safety, acceptability, and feasibility of a single-visit approach in Accra, Ghana. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2007, 196:407-408.
29. Seamans Y., Loesel C., Jeronimo J., Sellors J., Castle P.E. Effect of cough technique and cryogen gas on temperatures achieved during simulated cryotherapy. BMC Womens Health 2007, 7:16.
30. Winkler J.L., Singleton J., Loesel C., Janmohamed A., Jeronimo J. Effect of the "cough technique" on cryotherapy freezing temperature. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2010, 108:115-118.
31. Winkler J.L., Jeronimo J., Singleton J., Janmohamed A., Santos C. Performance of cryotherapy devices using nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2010, 111:73-77.
32. Blumenthal P.D., Lauterbach M., Sellors J.W., Sankaranarayanan R. Training for cervical cancer prevention programs in low-resource settings: focus on visual inspection with acetic acid and cryotherapy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2005, 89(Suppl 2):S30-S37.
33. Sankaranarayanan R., Wesley R.S. A practical manual on visual screening for cervical neoplasia. 2011, 2003:1-59.
34. Levine L.D., Chudnoff S.G., Taylor K., Baganizi M., Banks E. A 5-day educational program for teaching cervical cancer screening using visual inspection with acetic acid in low-resource settings. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2011, 115:171-174.
35. Use of cryotherapy for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2011, World Health Organization, WHO, Geneva.
36. Mwanahamuntu M.H., Sahasrabuddhe V.V., Pfaendler K.S., Mudenda V., Hicks M.L., Vermund S.H., et al. Implementation of 'see-and-treat' cervical cancer prevention services linked to HIV care in Zambia. AIDS 2009, 23:N1-N5.
37. Mwanahamuntu M.H., Sahasrabuddhe V.V., Kapambwe S., Pfaendler K.S., Chibwesha C., Mkumba G., et al. Advancing cervical cancer prevention initiatives in resource-constrained settings: insights from the Cervical Cancer Prevention Program in Zambia. PLoS Med 2011, 8:e1001032.
38. Pfaendler K.S., Mwanahamuntu M.H., Sahasrabuddhe V.V., Mudenda V., Stringer J.S., Parham G.P. Management of cryotherapy-ineligible women in a "screen-and-treat" cervical cancer prevention program targeting HIV-infected women in Zambia: lessons from the field. Gynecol Oncol 2008, 110:402-407.
39. Schiffman M., Wentzensen N., Wacholder S., Kinney W., Gage J.C., Castle P.E. Human papillomavirus testing in the prevention of cervical cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2011, 103:368-383.
40. Arbyn M., Ronco G., Anttila A., Meijer C.J., Poljak M., Ogilvie G., et al. Evidence regarding human papillomavirus testing in secondary prevention of cervical cancer. Vaccine 2012, 30(Suppl 5):F88-F99.
41. Poljak M., Cuzick J., Kocjan B.J., Iftner T., Dillner J., Arbyn M. Nucleic acid tests for the detection of alpha human papillomaviruses. Vaccine 2012, 30(Suppl 5):F100-F106.
42. Wright T.C., Denny L., Kuhn L., Pollack A., Lorincz A., Dna H.P.V. testing of self-collected vaginal samples compared with cytologic screening to detect cervical cancer. JAMA 2000, 283:81-86.
43. Sanner K., Wikstrom I., Strand A., Lindell M., Wilander E. Self-sampling of the vaginal fluid at home combined with high-risk HPV testing. Br J Cancer 2009, 101:871-874.
44. Qiao Y.L., Sellors J.W., Eder P.S., Bao Y.P., Lim J.M., Zhao F.H., et al. A new HPV-DNA test for cervical-cancer screening in developing regions: a cross-sectional study of clinical accuracy in rural China. Lancet Oncol 2008, 9:929-936.
45. Levin C.E., Sellors J., Shi J.F., Ma L., Qiao Y.L., Ortendahl J., et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of cervical cancer prevention based on a rapid human papillomavirus screening test in a high-risk region of China. Int J Cancer 2010, 127:1404-1411.
46. Qiagen. The careHPV™ Test - Expanding access to cervical cancer screening technology. 2009:1-4. Available at: (last accessed April 2013). http://www.qiagen.com/About-Us/Who-We-Are/QIAGENcares/.
47. PATH. START-UP: Innovation in cervical cancer screening. 2009:1-2. Available at: (last accessed April 2013). http://www.path.org/publications/files/RH_startup_fs.pdf.
48. Goldie S.J., O'Shea M., Diaz M., Kim S.Y. Benefits, cost requirements and cost-effectiveness of the HPV16,18 vaccine for cervical cancer prevention in developing countries: policy implications. Reprod Health Matters 2008, 16:86-96.