Biological Citizenship

Global Assemblages: Technology, Politics, and Ethics as Anthropological Problems

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 439-463

  Rose, Nikolas ^a   Novas, Carlos ^b  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Biotechnology; Citizenship; Civil rights; Genomics; Political affairs

Indexed keywords

EID: 84889387547     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470696569.ch23     Document Type: Chapter

References (66)

1. T. H. Marshall, Citizenship and Social Class: and Other Essays (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1950).
2. We will not discuss conceptions of citizenship, and projects of citizen-building, in earlier periods. For this, see Engin Isin, Being Political: Genealogies of Citizenship (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2002).
3. Cf., P. Gilroy, Between Camps: Race, Identity and Nationalism at the End of the Colour LineLondon: Allen Lane, 2000).
4. G. Agamben, Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998).
5. C. Waldby, The Visible Human Project: Informatic Bodies and Posthuman Medicine (London and New York: Routledge, 2000).
6. A. Petryna, Biological Citizenship: Science and the Politics of Health after ChernobylPrinceton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002).
7. C. Novas and N. Rose, ''Genetic Risk and the Birth of the Somatic Individual,'' Economy and Society 29(4), 2000, pp. 485-513.
8. P. O'Malley, ''Risk and Responsibility,'' in Foucault and Political Reason, A. Osborne, T. Barry, and N. Rose, eds. (London: UCL Press, 1996).
9. P. Rabinow, ''Artificiality and Enlightenment: from Sociobiology to Biosociality,'' Essays on the Anthropology of Reason (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996).
10. Heath et al., ''Genetic Citizenship.''
11. Gilroy, Between Camps, p. 15.
12. C. Joppke, ''Mobilization of Culture and the Reform of Citizenship Law: Germany and the United States,'' paper presented at the Twelfth International Conference of Europeanists, Chicago, March 30 - April 1, 2000; available at http://www.europanet.org/conference2000/papers/a-2_joppke1.doc
13. F. Dikotter, Imperfect Conceptions: Medical Knowledge, Birth Defects, and Eugenics in ChinaNew York: Columbia University Press, 1998).
14. N. Leys-Stepan, The Hour of Eugenics: Race, Gender and Nation in Latin America (New York: Cornell University Press, 1991).
15. E. Bergelund, ''Biotechnology as a Finnish National Imperative,'' paper presented at BIOS Research Group, Goldsmiths College, February 28, 2002.
16. Notably, of course, Lancelot Hogben's Science for the Citizen (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1938).
17. Our use of this phrase, obviously, derives from the work of Ian Hacking; see, for example, I. Hacking, Historical Ontology (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002).
18. P. Rabinow, ''The Third Culture,'' History of the Human Sciences 7(2), 1994, pp. 53-64.
19. B. Claeson, E. Martin, W. Richardson, M. Schoch-Spana, and K. S. Taussig, ''Scientific Literacy, What it is, Why it's Important, and Why Scientists ThinkWe Don't Have it? The Case of Immunology and the Immune System,'' in Naked Science: Anthropological Inquiry into Boundaries, Power, and Knowledge, L. Nader, ed. (New York: Routledge, 1996).
20. See http://www.prozac.com/HowProzacCanHelp.jsp
21. See http://www.prozac.com/DiseaseInformation/Recovery.jsp
22. See http://www.prozac.com/generic_info.jsp
23. See http://www.mdf.org.uk/about/
24. See http://www.pendulum.org/
25. See http://www.searchingwithin.com/bipolar/
26. These range from antique wooden boxes, through art supplies and computer hardware and software, to music CDs, a big house, and a weekly maid.
27. See http://www.searchingwithin.com/bipolar/notes/reasons.html
28. R. Rapp, Testing Women, Testing the Fetus: the Social Impact of Amniocentesis in AmericaNew York: Routledge, 1999).
29. E. Martin, Flexible Bodies: Tracking Immunity in American Culture from the Days of Polio to the Age of AIDS (Boston: Beacon Press, 1994)
30. S. Epstein, Impure Science: AIDS, Activism, and the Politics of Knowledge (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996).
31. M. Foucault, The History of Sexuality, vol. 2: The Use of Pleasure (London: Penguin, 1985).
32. M. Foucault, The History of Sexuality, vol. 3: The Care of the Self (London: Penguin, 1986).
33. M. Callon and V. Rabeharisoa, ''Gino's Lesson on Humanity,'' paper presented at the 4S/EASST Joint Meeting, Session on Disabilities, Subjectivities, Politics, Vienna, September 27-30, 2000.
34. M. Castells, The Rise of the Network Society (Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1996).
35. V.-K. Nguyen, ''Antiretrovirals, Globalism, Biopolitics and Therapeutic Citizenship,'' Chapter 8, this volume.
36. Petryna, Biological Citizenship.
37. C. Novas, ''The Political Economy of Hope: Patients' Organisations, Science and Biovalue,'' paper presented at the Postgraduate Forum on Genetics and Society, University of Nottingham, June 21-22, 2001.
38. Hunt-Dis is an electronic mailing list where persons affected by HD, those at risk, and carers can discuss any topic relating to Huntington's disease.
39. C. Leal-Pock, ed., Faces of Huntington's (Belleville, ON: Essence Publishing, 1998).
40. Carmen Leal also maintains a website called writerspeaker.com, which aims to help aspiring writers and speakers to learn how to use the Internet for research and bring their products to market. See http://www.writerspeaker.com/
41. This coalition was formed on April 1, 2000, and is designed to provide support for HD families by HD families, in addition to providing a range of information and answers to those affected by this disease. Source: http://www.hdac.org/about.html
42. C. Leal, ''The Last Generation,'' Huntington's Disease Advocacy Center, April 8, 2001; http://www.hdac.org/features/article.php?p_articleNumber1/413
43. M. L. Miller, ''Reasons for Hope,'' Huntington's Disease Advocacy Center, April 8, 2001; http://www.hdac.org/features/article.php?p_articleNumber1/423
44. Waldby, The Visible Human Project; see also C. Waldby, ''Stem Cells, Tissue Cultures and the Production of Biovalue,'' Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness and Medicine 6(3), 2002, pp. 305-323.
45. for analogous concepts, see S. Franklin, ''Stem Cells R Us: Emergent Life Forms and the Global Biological,'' Chapter 4, this volume; Nguyen, ''Therapeutic Citizenship.''
46. A. Nilsson and J. Rose, ''Sweden Takes Steps to Protect Tissue Banks,'' Science 286, 1999, p. 894.
47. For an account of the developments in Iceland, see G. Pálsson and P. Rabinow, ''Iceland: The Case of a National Human Genome Project,'' Anthropology Today 15(5), 1999, pp. 14-18.
48. Source: http://www.umangenomics.com/index2.asp. The recognition of the potential of the Medical Biobank of Umea° for the production of biovalue was made by the technology transfer unit at the University of Umea° called the Technology Bridge Foundation. See A. Abbott, ''Sweden Sets Ethical Standards for the Use of Genetic 'Biobanks,' '' Nature 400, July 1999, p. 3.
49. K. Høyer, ''Conflicting Notions of Personhood in Genetic Research,'' Anthropology Today 18(5), 2002, pp. 9-13
50. K. Høyer, '' 'Science is Really Needed -That's All I Know.' Informed Consent and the Non-Verbal Practices of Collecting Blood for Genetic Research in Northern Sweden,'' New Genetics and Society 22(3), 2003, pp. 229-244.
51. Source: http://www.umangenomics.com/index2.asp
52. M. Fleischer, ''Patent Thyself (online version),'' The American Lawyer, June 21, 2001; http://www.americanlawyer.com/newcontents06.html
53. A. Coghlan, ''Patient Power,'' New Scientist, February 24, 2001, p. 4.
54. Fleischer, ''Patent Thyself.''
55. Høyer, ''Conflicting Notions''; Høyer, ''Science is Really Needed.''
56. S. Rosell, ''Sweden's Answer to Genomics Ethics (letter),'' Nature 401, 1991, p. 208.
57. R. Scott, ''The Forces of Acceleration are Upon Us,'' Genomic Health, April 8, 2001; http://www.genomichealth.com/message_article.htm
58. N. Rose, ''Do Psychiatric Drugs Have Ethics?'' paper presented at Brunel University, workshop on ''Do Bio Artefacts Have Ethics?'' February 15, 2002.
59. Scott, ''The Forces of Acceleration.''