Nocturnal Hypoglycaemia

Hypoglycaemia in Clinical Diabetes, Second Edition

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 83-99

  Heller, Simon R ^a  

^a NORTHERN GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII); Hypoglycaemia and impaired physiological defences; Nocturnal hypoglycaemia epidemiology; Nocturnal hypoglycaemia with diabetes; Predicting nocturnal hypoglycaemic episode

Indexed keywords

EID: 84889333491     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470516270.ch4     Document Type: Chapter

References (64)

1. Ashwell SG, Amiel SA, Bilous RW, Dashora U, Heller SR, Hepburn DA et al. (2006). Improved glycaemic control with insulin glargine plus insulin lispro: a multicentre, randomized, cross-over trial in people with type 1 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine 23: 285-92.
2. Banarer S, Cryer PE (2003). Sleep-related hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure in type 1 diabetes: reduced awakening from sleep during hypoglycemia. Diabetes 52: 1195-203.
3. Barnett AH (2003). A review of basal insulins. Diabetic Medicine 20: 873-85.
4. Bendtson I, Kverneland A, Pramming S, Binder C (1988). Incidence of nocturnal hypoglycaemia in insulin-dependent diabetes. Acta Endocrinologica 223: 543-8.
5. Bendtson I, Gade J, Theilgard A, Binder C (1992). Cognitive function in type 1 IDD patients after nocturnal hypoglycaemia. Diabetologia 35: 898-903.
6. Bendtson I, Rosenfalck AM, Binder C (1993). Nocturnal versus diurnal hormonal counterregulation to hypoglycemia in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. Acta Endocrinologica 128: 109-15.
7. Beregszaszi M, Tubiana-Rufi N, Benali K, Noel M, Bloch J, Czernichow P (1997). Nocturnal hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Pediatrics 131: 27-33.
8. Bjorgaas M, Gimse R, Vik T, Sand T (1997). Cognitive function in type 1 diabetic children with and without episodes of severe hypoglycaemia. Acta Paediatrica 86: 148-53.
9. Bode BW, Steed RD, Davidson PC (1996). Reduction in severe hypoglycemia with long-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in type I diabetes. Diabetes Care 19: 324-7.
10. Boland EA, Grey M, Oesterle A, Fredrickson L, Tamborlane WV (1999). Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. A new way to lower risk of severe hypoglycemia, improve metabolic control, and enhance coping in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 22: 1779-84.
11. Boland E, Monsod T, Delucia M, Brandt CA, Fernando S, Tamborlane WV (2001). Limitations of conventional methods of self-monitoring of blood glucose: lessons learned from 3 days of continuous glucose sensing in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 24: 1858-62.
12. Campbell PJ, Bolli GB, Cryer PE, Gerich JE (1985). Pathogenesis of the dawn phenomenon in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Accelerated glucose production and impaired glucose utilization due to nocturnal surges in growth hormone secretion. New England Journal of Medicine 312: 1473-9.
13. Dagogo-Jack SE, Craft S, Cryer PE (1993). Hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure in insulindependent diabetes mellitus. Journal of Clinical Investigation 91: 819-28.
14. De Leeuw I, Vague P, Selam JL, Skeie S, Lang H, Draeger E, Elte JW (2005). Insulin detemir used in basal-bolus therapy in people with type 1 diabetes is associated with a lower risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia and less weight gain over 12 months in comparison to NPH insulin. Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism 7: 73-82.
15. Dornan TL, Orde Peckar C, Mayon-White VA, Knight AH, Moore RA, Hockaday TDR et al. (1981). Unsuspected hypoglycaemia, haemoglobin A1 and diabetic control. Quarterly Journal of Medicine 197: 31-8.
16. Gais S, Born J, Peters A, Schultes B, Heindl B, Fehm HL, Werner K (2003). Hypoglycemia counterregulation during sleep. Sleep 26: 55-9.
17. Gale EA, Tattersall RB (1979). Unrecognised nocturnal hypoglycaemia in insulin-treated diabetics. Lancet 1: 1049-52.
18. Gale EA, Kurtz AB, Tattersall RB (1980). In search of the Somogyi effect. Lancet 2: 279-82.
19. Goldberg T, Slonim AE (1993). Nutrition therapy for hepatic glycogen storage diseases. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 93: 1423-30.
20. Golden MP, Ingersoll GM, Brack CJ, Russell BA, Wright JC, Huberty TJ (1989). Longitudinal relationship of asymptomatic hypoglycemia to cognitive function in IDDM. Diabetes Care 12: 89-93.
21. Havlin CE, Cryer PE (1987). Nocturnal hypoglycemia does not commonly result in major morning hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 10: 141-7.
22. Heller SR, Cryer PE (1991). Reduced neuroendocrine and symptomatic responses to subsequent hypoglycemia after 1 episode of hypoglycemia in non-diabetic humans. Diabetes 40: 223-6.
23. Heller SR, Amiel SA, Mansell P (1999). Effect of the fast-acting insulin analog lispro on the risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia during intensified insulin therapy. Diabetes Care 22: 1607-11.
24. Heller SR, Colagiuri S, Vaaler S, Wolffenbuttel BH, Koelendorf K, Friberg HH et al. (2004). Hypoglycaemia with insulin aspart: a double-blind, randomised, crossover trial in subjects with type 1 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine 21: 769-75.
25. Hermansen K, Fontaine P, Kukolja KK, Peterkova V, Leth G, Gall MA (2004). Insulin analogues (insulin detemir and insulin aspart) versus traditional human insulins (NPH insulin and regular human insulin) in basal-bolus therapy for patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 47: 622-9.
26. Hermansen K, Davies M, Derezinski T, Martinez Ravn G, Clauson P, Home P (2006). A 26-week, randomized, parallel, treat-to-target trial comparing insulin detemir with NPH insulin as add-on therapy to oral glucose-lowering drugs in insulin-naive people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 29: 1269-74.
27. Hirsch IB, Smith LJ, Havlin CE, Shah SD, Clutter WE, Cryer PE (1990). Failure of nocturnal hypoglycemia to cause daytime hyperglycemia in patients with IDDM. Diabetes Care 13: 133-42.
28. Hirsch IB, Heller SR, Cryer PE (1991). Increased symptoms of hypoglycaemia in the standing position in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Clinical Science 80: 583-6.
29. Hoi-Hansen T, Pedersen-Bjergaard U, Thorsteinsson B (2005). The Somogyi phenomenon revisited using continuous glucose monitoring in daily life. Diabetologia 48: 2437-8.
30. Holleman F, Schmitt H, Rottiers R, Rees A, Symanowski S, Anderson JH, The Benelux-UK Insulin Lispro Study Group (1997). Reduced frequency of severe hypoglycemia and coma in well-controlled IDDM patients treated with insulin lispro. Diabetes Care 20: 1827-32.
31. Jones TW, Porter P, Sherwin RS, Davis EA, O'Leary P, Frazer F et al. (1998). Decreased epinephrine responses to hypoglycemia during sleep. New England Journal of Medicine 338: 1657-62.
32. Kalergis M, Schiffrin A, Gougeon R, Jones PJ, Yale JF (2003). Impact of bedtime snack composition on prevention of nocturnal hypoglycemia in adults with type 1 diabetes undergoing intensive insulin management using lispro insulin before meals: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Diabetes Care 26: 9-15.
33. Kanc K, Janssen MM, Keulen ET, Jacobs MA, Popp-Snijders C, Snoek FJ, Heine RJ (1998). Substitution of night-time continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy for bedtime NPH insulin in a multiple injection regimen improves counterregulatory hormonal responses and warning symptoms of hypoglycaemia in IDDM. Diabetologia 41: 322-9.
34. Kaufman FR, Devgan S (1996). Use of uncooked cornstarch to avert nocturnal hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type I diabetes. Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications 10: 84-7.
35. Kaufman FR, Halvorson M, Kaufman ND (1997). Evaluation of a snack bar containing uncooked cornstarch in subjects with diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 35: 27-33.
36. Kaufman FR, Austin J, Neinstein A, Jeng L, Halvorson M, Devoe DJ, Pitukcheewanont P (2002). Nocturnal hypoglycemia detected with the Continuous Glucose Monitoring System in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. Journal of Pediatrics 141: 625-30.
37. King P, Kong MF, Parkin H, Macdonald IA, Tattersall RB (1998). Well-being, cerebral function, and physical fatigue after nocturnal hypoglycemia in IDDM. Diabetes Care 21: 341-5.
38. Kulcu E, Tamada JA, Reach G, Potts RO, Lesho MJ (2003). Physiological differences between interstitial glucose and blood glucose measured in human subjects. Diabetes Care 26: 2405-9.
39. Matyka KA, Crowne EC, Havel PJ, Macdonald IA, Matthews D, Dunger DB (1999a). Counterregulation during spontaneous nocturnal hypoglycemia in prepubertal children with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 22: 1144-50.
40. Matyka KA, Wigg L, Pramming S, Stores G, Dunger DB (1999b). Cognitive function and mood after profound nocturnal hypoglycaemia in prepubertal children with conventional insulin treatment for diabetes. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 81: 138-42.
41. Matyka KA (2002). Sweet dreams? Nocturnal hypoglycemia in children with type 1 diabetes. Pediatric Diabetes 3: 74-81.
42. McCulloch DK, Kurtz AB, Tattersall RB (1983). A new approach to the treatment of nocturnal hypoglycemia using alpha-glucosidase inhibition. Diabetes Care 6: 483-7.
43. McGowan K, Thomas W, Moran A (2002). Spurious reporting of nocturnal hypoglycemia by CGMS in patients with tightly controlled type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 25: 1499-503.
44. Oswald I (1987). The normal record of sleep. In: A Textbook of Clinical Neurophysiology. Halliday AM, Butler SR and Paul R, eds. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York: 173-85.
45. Perriello G, De Feo P, Torlone E, Calcinaro F, Ventura MM, Basta G et al. (1988). The effect of asymptomatic nocturnal hypoglycemia on glycemic control in diabetes mellitus. New England Journal of Medicine 319: 1233-9.
46. Pickup J, Keen H (2002). Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion at 25 years: evidence base for the expanding use of insulin pump therapy in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 25: 593-8.
47. Pieber TR, Eugene-Jolchine I, Derobert E (2000). Efficacy and safety of HOE 901 versus NPH insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes. The European Study Group of HOE 901 in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 23: 157-62.
48. Porter PA, Keating B, Byrne G, Jones TW (1997). Incidence and predictive criteria of nocturnal hypoglycemia in young children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Journal of Pediatrics 130: 366-72.
49. Pramming S, Thorsteinsson B, Bendtson I, Ronn B, Binder C (1985). Nocturnal hypoglycaemia in patients receiving conventional treatment with insulin. British Medical Journal 291: 376-9.
50. Raju B, Arbelaez AM, Breckenridge SM, Cryer PE (2006). Nocturnal hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes: an assessment of preventive bedtime treatments. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 91: 2087-92.
51. Rizza RA, Gerich JE, Haymond MW, Westland RE, Hall LD, Clemens AH, Service FJ (1980). Control of blood sugar in insulin-dependent diabetes: comparison of an artificial endocrine pancreas, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and intensified conventional insulin therapy. New England Journal of Medicine 303: 1313-18.
52. Robinson AM, Parkin HM, Macdonald IA, Tattersall RB (1994). Physiological response to postural change during mild hypoglycaemia in patients with IDDM. Diabetologia 37: 1241-50.
53. Rovet JF, Ehrlich RM (1999). The effect of hypoglycemic seizures on cognitive function in children with diabetes: a 7-year prospective study. Journal of Pediatrics 134: 503-6.
54. Ryan C, Vega A, Drash A (1985). Cognitive deficits in adolescents who developed diabetes early in life. Pediatrics 75: 921-7.
55. Shalwitz RA, Farkas-Hirsch R, White NH, Santiago JV (1990). Prevalence and consequences of nocturnal hypoglycemia among conventionally treated children with diabetes mellitus. Journal of Pediatrics 116: 685-9.
56. Somogyi M (1959). Exacerbation of diabetes by excess insulin action. American Journal of Medicine 26: 169-91.
57. Taira M, Takasu N, Komiya I, Taira T, Tanaka H (2000). Voglibose administration before the evening meal improves nocturnal hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with intensive insulin therapy. Metabolism 49: 440-3.
58. Veneman T, Mitrakou A, Mokan M, Cryer P, Gerich J (1993.) Induction of hypoglycemia unawareness by asymptomatic nocturnal hypoglycemia. Diabetes 42: 1233-7.
59. Vervoort G, Goldschmidt HM, van Doorn LG (1996). Nocturnal blood glucose profiles in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus on multiple (> or=4) daily insulin injection regimens. Diabetic Medicine 13: 794-9.
60. Wentholt IM, Vollebregt MA, Hart AA, Hoekstra JB, DeVries JH (2005). Comparison of a needletype and a microdialysis continuous glucose monitor in type 1 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 28: 2871-6.
61. Whincup G, Milner RD (1987). Prediction and management of nocturnal hypoglycaemia in diabetes. Archives of Disease in Childhood 62: 333-7.
62. Wiethop BV, Cryer PE (1993). Alanine and terbutaline in treatment of hypoglycemia in IDDM. Diabetes Care 16: 1131-6.
63. Wright NP, Wales JK (2003). The incidence of hypoglycaemia in children with type 1 diabetes and treated asthma. Archives of Disease in Childhood 88: 155-6.
64. Yki-Jarvinen H, Dressler A, Ziemen M (2000). Less nocturnal hypoglycemia and better post-dinner glucose control with bedtime insulin glargine compared with bedtime NPH insulin during insulin combination therapy in type 2 diabete. HOE 901/3002 Study Group. Diabetes Care 23: 1130-6.