Backscatter differential phase-estimation and variability

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

Volumn 52, Issue 11, 2013, Pages 2529-2548

  Trömel, Silke ^a   Kumjian, Matthew R ^b   Ryzhkov, Alexander V ^c   Simmer, Clemens ^a   Diederich, Malte ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BONN   (Germany)

^b NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALIBRATION PARAMETERS; DIFFERENTIAL REFLECTIVITY; LOW SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO; NON-UNIFORM BEAM FILLINGS; PRECIPITATION ESTIMATION; QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION ESTIMATION; SPECIFIC DIFFERENTIAL PHASE; STRATIFORM PRECIPITATION;

BACKSCATTERING; MELTING; METEOROLOGICAL RADAR; PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS; POLARIMETERS; RAIN;

ESTIMATION;

ALGORITHM; BACKSCATTER; COMPUTER SIMULATION; ESTIMATION METHOD; PARTICLE SIZE; RADAR; RAINDROP; SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; SNOWMELT;

GERMANY; OKLAHOMA [UNITED STATES]; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84888408392     PISSN: 15588424     EISSN: 15588432     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JAMC-D-13-0124.1     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Aydin, K., V. Giridhar, and Y. Zhao, 1991: Polarimetric C-band radar observables in melting hail: A computational study. Preprints, 25th Int. Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Paris, France, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 733-736.
2. Balakrishnan, N., and D. Zrnic, (1990: Use of polarization to characterize precipitation and discriminate large hail. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1525-1540.
3. Barthazy, E., W. Heinrich, and A. Waldvogel, 1998: Size distribution of hydrometeors through the melting layer. Atmos. Res., 47-48, 193-208.
4. Berenguer, M., and I. Zawadzki, 2009: On the relationship between Z-R, the bright band intensity and ZDR. Recorded Present., 34th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Williamsburg, VA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 4A.3. [Available online at https://ams.confex.com/ams/34Radar/webprogram/Paper155482.html.]
5. Borowska, L., D. Zrnic, A. Ryzhkov, P. Zhang, and C. Simmer, (2011: Polarimetric estimates of a one month accumulation of light rain with a 3-cm wavelength radar. J. Hydrometeor., 12, 1024-1039.
6. Brandes, E. A., G. Zhang, and J. Vivekanandan, 2002: Experiments in rainfall estimation with a polarimetric radar in a subtropical environment. J. Appl. Meteor., 41, 674-685; Corrigendum, 44, 186.
7. Bringi, V. N., T. D. Keenan, and V. Chandrasekar, (2001: Correcting C-band radar reflectivity and differential reflectivity data for rain attenuation. A self-consistent method with constraints. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 39, 1906-1915.
8. Cao, Q., G. Zhang, E. Brandes, T. Schuur, A. Ryzhkov, and K. Ikeda, (2008: Analysis of video disdrometer and polarimetric radar data to characterize rain microphysics in Oklahoma. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 47, 2238-2255.
9. Doviak, R. J., and D. S. Zrnic, 1993: Doppler Radar and Weather Observations. Academic Press, 562 pp.
10. Giangrande, S., 2007: Investigation of polarimetric measurements of rainfall at close and distant ranges. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Oklahoma, 236 pp.
11. Goeke, S., and A. Waldvogel, 1998: Studies of snowflake aggregation efficiencies within the melting layer. Preprints, Conf. on Cloud Physics, Everett, WA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 458-461.
12. Hubbert, J., and V. N. Bringi, (1995: An iterative filtering techniqueforthe analysisof copolardifferentialphaseanddualfrequency radar measurements. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 643-648.
13. Kumjian, M. R., and A. V. Ryzhkov, (2008: Polarimetric signatures in supercell storms. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 47, 1940-1961.
14. Kumjian, M. R., and A. V. Ryzhkov, (2009: Storm-relative helicity revealed from polarimetric radar observations. J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 667-685.
15. Kumjian, M. R., and A. V. Ryzhkov, (2012: The impact of size sorting on the polarimetric radar variables. J. Atmos. Sci., 69, 2042-2060.
16. Le Bouar, E., J. Testud, and T. D. Keenan, (2001: Validation of the rain profiling algorithm "ZPHI" from the C-band polarimetric weather radar in Darwin. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 18, 1819-1837.
17. Matrosov, S. Y., R. A. Kropfii, R. F. Reinking, and B. E. Martner, (1999: Prospects for measuring rainfall using propagation differential phase in X-and Ka-radar bands. J. Appl. Meteor., 38, 766-776.
18. Matrosov, S. Y., K. A. Clark, B. E. Martner, and A. Tokay, (2002: X-band polarimetric radar measurements of rainfall. J. Appl. Meteor., 41, 941-952.
19. Melnikov, V., 2004: Simultaneous transmission mode of the polarimetric WSR-88D. NOAA/NSSL Rep., 84 pp. [Available online at www.nssl.noaa.gov/publications/wsr88d_reports/SHV_statistics.pdf.]
20. Mishchenko, M. I., (2000: Calculation of the amplitude matrix for a nonspherical particle in a fixed orientation. Appl. Opt., 39, 1026-1031.
21. Otto, T., and H. W. J. Russchenberg, (2011: Estimation of specific differential phase and differential backscatter phase from polarimetric weather radar measurements of rain. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., 8, 988-992.
22. Palmer, R. D., and Coauthors, (2011: Observations of the 10 May 2010 tornado outbreak using OU-PRIME: Potential for new science with high-resolution polarimetric radar. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 92, 871-891.
23. Park, S.-G., V. N.Bringi, V. Chandrasekar, M.Maki, and K. Iwanami, (2005: Correctionof radarreffectivity anddifferentialreffectivity forrainattenuationatX band.PartI: Theoretical and empirical basis. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 22, 1621-1632.
24. Rasmussen, R., and A. Heymsfield, (1987: Melting and shedding of graupel and hail. Part I: Model physics. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2754-2763.
25. Ray, P., (1972: Broadband complex refractive indices of ice and water. Appl. Opt., 11, 1836-1844.
26. Rosenfeld, D., E. Amitai, and D. B. Wolff, (1995a: Classification of rain regimes by the three-dimensional properties of reflectivity fields. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 198-211.
27. Rosenfeld, D., E. Amitai, and D. B. Wolff, (1995b: Improved accuracy of radar WPMM estimation rainfall upon application of objective classification criteria. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 212-223.
28. Ryzhkov, A. V., (2001: Interpretation of polarimetric radar covariance matrix for meteorological scatterers: Theoretical analysis. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 18, 315-328.
29. Ryzhkov, A. V., (2007: The impact of beam broadening on the quality of radar polarimetric data. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 24, 729-744.
30. Ryzhkov, A. V., and D. Zrnic, (1998: Beamwidth effects on the differential phase measurements of rain. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 15, 624-634.
31. Ryzhkov, A. V., M. Pinsky, A. Pokrovsky, and A. Khain, (2011: Polarimetric radar observation operator for a cloud model with spectral microphysics. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 50, 873-894.
32. Ryzhkov, A. V., M. R. Kumjian, S. M. Ganson, and A. P. Khain, 2013a: Polarimetric radar characteristics ofmeltinghail. Part I: Theoreticalsimulations usingspectral microphysical modeling. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., in press, doi:10.1175/JAMC-D-13-073.1.
33. Ryzhkov, A. V., M. R. Kumjian, S. M. Ganson, and P. Zhang, 2013b: Polarimetric radar characteristics of melting hail. Part II: Practical implications. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., in press, doi:10.1175/JAMC-D-13-074.1.
34. Schneebeli, M., and A. Berne, (2012: An extended Kalman filter framework for polarimetric X-band weather radar data processing. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 29, 711-730.
35. Testud, J., E. Le Bouar, E. Obligis, and M. Ali-Mehenni, (2000: The rain profiling algorithm applied to polarimetric weather radar. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 17, 332-356.
36. Trömel, S., and C. Simmer, (2012: An object-based approach for areal rainfall estimation and validation of atmospheric models. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 115, 139-151.
37. Trömel, S., C. Simmer, J. Braun, T. Gerstner, and M. Griebel, (2009: Toward the use of integral radar volume descriptors for quantitative areal precipitation estimation: Results from pseudoradar observations. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 26, 1798-1813.
38. Ulbrich, C., (1983: Natural variations in the analytical form of the raindrop size distribution. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 1764-1775.
39. Zawadzki, I., W. Szyrmer, C. Bell, and F. Fabry, (2005: Modeling of the melting layer. Part III: The density effect. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 3705-3723.
40. Zhang, G., J. Vivekanandan, and E. A. Brandes, (2001): A method for estimating rain rate and drop size distribution from polarimetric radar measurements. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 39, 830-840.
41. Zrnić, D., N. Balakrishnan, C. Ziegler, V. Bringi, K. Aydin, and T. Matejka, (1993: Polarimetric signatures in the stratiform region of a mesoscale convective system. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 678-693.