Ivory debitage by fracture in the Aurignacian: Experimental and archaeological examples

Journal of Archaeological Science

Volumn 42, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 1-14

  Heckel, Claire E ^a   Wolf, Sibylle ^b  

^a NEW YORK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Aurignacian; Experimental archaeology; Ivory structure; Mammoth ivory; Osseous material technologies

Indexed keywords

ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; ARCHAEOLOGY; ARTIFACT; EXPERIMENTAL STUDY; IDENTIFICATION METHOD; IVORY; MATERIAL CULTURE; PALEOLITHIC; RECONSTRUCTION; TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT;

EID: 84888367416     PISSN: 03054403     EISSN: 10959238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2013.10.021     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Alvarez-Fernandez E., Jöris O. Personal ornaments in the Early UpperPaleolithic of Western Eurasia: an evaluation of the record. Eur. Prehist. 2007, 5:31-44.
2. Averbouh A. Technologie de la Matière Osseuse Travaillée et Implications Palethnologiques: L'exemple des chaînes d'exploitation du bois de cervidé chez les Magdaléniens des Pyrénées 2000, Unpublished Doctoral thesis, Université de Paris I, Paris.
3. Averbouh A., Pétillon J.-M. Identification of "debitage by fracturation" on reindeer antler: case study of the Badegoulian levels at the Cuzoul de Vers (Lot, France). Written in Bones: Studies on Technological and Social Contexts of Past Faunal Skeletal Remains 2011, 41-51. Instytut Archeologii Wroclaw, Poland. J. Baron, B. Kufel-Diakowska (Eds.).
4. Banerjee A., Eckmann C. Elfenbein und Archäologie. INCENTIVS-Tagungsbeiträge 2004-2007 2011, Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz.
5. Baumann M., Maury S. Ideas no longer written in antler. J.Archaeol. Sci. 2013, 40:601-614.
6. Bonfield W., Li C.H. Deformation and fracture of ivory. J.Appl. Phys. 1965, 36:3181-3184.
7. Christensen M. Technologie de l'ivoire au Paléolithique supérieur: caractérisation physico-chimique du matériau et analyse foctionnelle des outils de transformation. BAR International Series 1999, vol. 751. Hadrian Books, Oxford.
8. Conard N.J. Der Stand der altsteinzeitlichen Forschung im Achtal der Schwäbischen Alb. Mit. Ges. Urgeshichte 2002, 11:67-77.
9. Conard N.J. Paleolithic ivory sculptures from southwestern Germany and the origins of figurative art. Nature 2003, 426:830-832.
10. Conard N.J. Eiszeitlicher Schmuck auf der Schwäbischen Alb. Eiszeitschmuck: Status und Schönheit 2003, 15-49. Urgeschichtliches Museum, Blaubeuren, Germany. S. Kölbl, N. Conard (Eds.).
11. Conard N.J. Afemale figurine from the basal Aurignacian of Hohle Fels Cave of southwestern Germany. Nature 2009, 459:248-252.
12. Conard N., Bolus M. Radiocarbon dating the appearance of modern humans and timing of cultural innovations in Europe: new results and new challenges. J. Hum. Evol. 2003, 44:331-371.
13. Conard N.J., Bolus M. Radiocarbon dating the last Middle Palaeolithic and the Aurignacian of the Swabian Jura. J.Hum. Evol. 2008, 55:886-889.
14. Conybeare A., Haynes G. Observations on elephant mortality and bones in water holes. Quat. Res. 1984, 22:189-200.
15. David E. Technology of bone and antler industries: a relevant methodology for characterizing early Post-Glacial societies (9th-8th millennium BC). Bones as Tools: Current Methods and Interpretations in Worked Bone Studies 2007, 35-50. Archaeopress, Oxford, UK. C. Gates St-Pierre, R.B. Walker (Eds.).
16. Espinoza E.O., Mann M.J. Identification Guide for Ivory and Ivory Substitutes 1992, World Wildlife Fund Publications.
17. Floss H. L'art mobilier aurignacien du Jura souabe et sa place dans l'art paléolithique - Die Kleinkunst des Aurignacien auf der Schwäbischen Alb und ihre Stellung in der paläolithischen Kunst. Les chemins de l'Art aurignacien en Europe - Das Aurignacien und die Anfänge derKunst in Europa 2007, 295-316. Éditions Musée-forum Aurignac, Aurignac, France. H. Floss, N. Rouquerol (Eds.).
18. Galán A., et al. Anew experimental study on percussion marks and notches and their bearing on the interpretation of hammerstone-broken faunal assemblages. J.Archaeol. Sci. 2009, 36:776-784.
19. Goutas N. Réflexions sur une innovation technique gravettienne importante: le double rainurage longitudinal. Bull. Soc. préhist. fr. 2009, 106:437-456.
20. Hahn J. Kraft und Aggression: die Botschaft der Eiszeitkunst im Aurignacien Süddeutschlands? 1986, Archaeologica Venatoria, Tübingen.
21. Hahn J., et al. Le Travail et l'Usage de l'Ivoire au Paléolithique Supérieur 1995, Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato, Rome.
22. Haynes G. Longitudinal studies of African elephant death and bone deposits. J.Archaeol. Sci. 1988, 15:131-157.
23. Haynes G. Mammoths, Mastodonts, and Elephants: Biology, Behavior and the Fossil Record 1993, Cambridge University Press.
24. Heckel C. Physical characteristics of mammoth ivory and their implications for ivory work in the Upper Paleolithic. Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Urgeschichte 2009, 18:71-91.
25. Heckel C. Widening the Lens: Physical Science Research and Microscopy in the Archaeological Study of Mammoth Ivory 2009, Unpublished Master's thesis, Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, NY.
26. Inizan M.-L., Ballinger M., Roche H., Tixier J. Technology and Terminology of Knapped Stone. Préhistoire de la Pierre Taillé 1999, vol. 5. CREP, Meduon, France.
27. Jakubinek M.B., et al. Elephant ivory: a low thermal conductivity, high strength nanocomposite. J.Mater. Res. 2006, 21:287-292.
28. Khlopachev G.A., Girya E.Y. Secrets of Ancient Carvers of Eastern Europe and Siberia: Treatment Techniques of Ivory and Reindeer Antler in the Stone Age 2010, NAUKA, Saint Petersburg.
29. Knecht H. Technological Innovation and Design during the Early Upper Paleolithic: a Study of Organic Projectiles 1991, Unpublished doctoral thesis, Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, NY.
30. Knecht H. Splits and wedges: the techniques and technology of early Aurignacian antler working. Before Lascaux: the Complex Record of the Early Upper Paleolithic 1993, 137-162. CRC Press, Florida. H. Knecht, A. Pike-Tay, R. White (Eds.).
31. Liolios D. Variabilité et caracteristiques du travail des matières osseuses au debut de l'Aurignacien: Approche technologique et economique 1999, Unpublished doctoral thesis, Université de Paris X, Paris.
32. Locke M. Structure of ivory. J.Morphol. 2008, 269:423-450.
33. Malina M., Ehmann R. Ivory Splitting in the Aurignacian: reconstructing the manufacturing technique of the ivory flute from Geißenklösterle. Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Urgeschichte 2009, 18:93-108.
34. Mensan R., et al. Une nouvelle découverte d'art pariétal aurignacien in situ à l'abri Castanet (Dordogne, France): contexte et datation. Paléo 2012, 23:171-188.
35. Pétillon J.-M., Ducasse S. From flakes to grooves: a technical shift in antlerworking during the last glacial maximum in southwest France. J.Hum. Evol. 2012, 62:435-465.
36. Peyrony D. Le Gisement Castanet, vallon de Castelmerle (commune de Sergeac), Aurignacien I et II. Bull. Soc. préhist. fr. 1935, 32:418-443.
37. Saunders J. Aclose look at ivory. Living Mus. 1979, 41:56-59.
38. Semenov S.A. Prehistoric Technology; an Experimental Study of the Oldest Tools and Artefacts From Traces of Manufacture and Wear 1964, Cory, Adams & Mackay, London.
39. Su X., Cui F. Direct observations on apatite crystals in ivory. J.Mater. Sci. Lett. 1997, 16:1198-1200.
40. Su X., Cui F. Hierarchical structure of ivory: from nanometer to centimeter. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 1999, 7:19-29.
41. Tartar E., White R. The manufacture of Aurignacian split-based points: an experimental challenge. J.Archaeol. Sci. 2013, 40(6):2723-2745.
42. Tartar É. De l'os à l'outil: caractérisation technique, économique et sociale de l'utilisation de l'os à l'aurignacien ancien. Étude de trois sites: l'Abri Castanet (secteurs nord et sud); Brassempouy (Grotte des Hyènes et Abri Dubalen) et Gatzarria 2009, Unpublished doctoral thesis, Université de Paris I, Paris.
43. Tejero J.-M., et al. Red deer antler technology and early modern humans in Southeast Europe: an experimental study. J.Archaeol. Sci. 2012, 39:332-346.
44. Vanhaeren M., d'Errico F. Aurignacian ethno-linguistic geography of Europe revealed by personal ornaments. J.Archaeol. Sci. 2006, 33:1105-1128.
45. Virág A. Histogenesis of the unique morphology of proboscidean ivory. J.Morphol. 2012, 273:1406-1423.
46. White R. Substantial Acts: from Materials to Meaning in Upper Paleolithic Representation, beyond Art: Pleistocene Image and Symbol 1997, 93-121. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco.
47. White R. Systems of personal ornamentation in the Early Upper Paleolithic: methodological challenges and new observations. Rethinking the Human Revolution: New Behavioural and Biological Perspectives on the Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans 2007, 287-302. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Oxford. P. Mellars, K. Boyle, O. Bar-Yosef, C. Stringer (Eds.).
48. White R. Abri Castanet, Secteurs Sud et Nord (Commune de Sergeac, Dordogne) Rapport de fouille programmée Années 2006 à 2008, Service régional de l'archéologie 2008, Ministére de la culture, France, Bordeaux.
49. White R., et al. Context and dating of Aurignacian vulvar representations from Abri Castanet, France. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2012, 109:8450-8455.
50. Wolf S. Schmuckstücke - Die Elfenbeinbearbeitung im Schwäbischen Aurignacien 2013, Unpublished doctoral thesis, Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
51. Zhang H., et al. Characterizing hierarchical structures of natural ivory. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings 1993, 151. Cambridge University Press.