Descriptive Representation, Political Efficacy, and African Americans in the 2008 Presidential Election

Political Psychology

Volumn 34, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 863-875

  Merolla, Jennifer L ^a   Sellers, Abbylin H ^a   Fowler, Derek J ^a  

^a CLAREMONT GRADUATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

2008 election; African Americans; Descriptive representation; Political efficacy

Indexed keywords

EID: 84888358257     PISSN: 0162895X     EISSN: 14679221     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9221.2012.00934.x     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Abramson, P. R. (1972). Political efficacy and political trust among Black schoolchildren: Two explanations. Journal of Politics, 34, 1243-1275.
2. Abramson, P. R. (1983). Political attitudes in America. San Francisco, CA: Freeman and Co.
3. Abramson, P. R., & Aldrich, J. H. (1982). The decline of electoral participation in America. American Political Science Review, 76, 502-521.
4. Banducci, S. A., Donovan, T., & Karp, J. A. (2004). Minority representation, empowerment, and participation. The Journal of Politics, 66, 534-556.
5. Banducci, S., & Karp, J. A. (2003). How elections change the way citizens view the political system: Campaigns, media effects and electoral outcomes in comparative perspective. British Journal of Political Science, 33, 443-467.
6. Barreto, M., Segura, G. M., & Woods, N. D. (2004). The mobilizing effect of majority-minority districts on Latino turnout. American Political Science Review, 98, 65-75.
7. Birch, A. H. (1993). Concept and theories of modern democracy. London: Routledge.
8. Bobo, L., & Gilliam, F. (1990). Race, sociopolitical participation, and Black empowerment. American Political Science Review, 84, 377-393.
9. Brace, K., Handley, L., Niemi, R., & Stanley H. (1995). Minority turnout and the creation of majority-minority districts. American Politics Quarterly, 23, 190-203.
10. Campbell, A., Converse, P. E., Miller, W. E., & Stokes, D. E. (1960). The American voter. New York: John Wiley.
11. Clarke, H. D., & Acock, A. C. (1989). National elections and political attitudes: The case of political efficacy. British Journal of Political Science, 19, 551-562.
12. Cohen, A., Vigoda, E., & Samorly, A. (2001). Analysis of the mediating effect of personal-psychological variables on the relationship between socioeconomic status and political participation: A structural equations framework. Political Psychology, 22, 727-757.
13. Dawson, M., Brown, R., & Allen, R. (1990). Racial belief systems, religious guidance, and African American political participation. National Political Science Review, 2, 22-44.
14. Finkel, S. E. (1985). Reciprocal effects of participation and political efficacy: A panel study. American Journal of Political Science, 29, 891-913.
15. Finkel, S. E. (1987). The effects of participation on political efficacy and political support: Evidence from a West German panel. Journal of Politics, 53, 339-371.
16. Gay, C. (2001). The effect of Black congressional representation on political participation. American Political Science Review, 95, 589-602.
17. Guterbock, T. M., & London, B. (1983). Race, political orientation, and participation: An empirical test of four competing theories. American Sociological Review, 48, 439-453.
18. Griffin, J. D., & Keane, M. (2006). Descriptive representation and the composition of African American turnout. American Journal of Political Science, 50, 998-1012.
19. Harris, F. C. (1994). Something within: Religion as a mobilizer of African-American political activism. Journal Politics, 56, 42-68.
20. Hero, R. E., & Campbell, A. G. (1996). Understanding Latino political participation: Exploring the evidence from the Latino National Political Survey. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 18, 129-141.
21. Hulbary, W. E. (1975). Deprivation and adolescent self-images. Social Science Quarterly, 56, 105-114.
22. Institute for Social Research. (1973). Election studies reports: Americans' trust in government falls sharply, Blacks rapidly lose faith in political system. Newsletter 1 (Spring-Summer): 4-5.
23. Keeter, S., Horowitz, J., & Tyson, A. (November 12, 2008). Young voters in the 2008 election. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center Publications.
24. Kuo, W. H. (1977). Black political participation: A reconsideration. Journal of Political and Military Sociology, 5, 1-16.
25. Leighley, J. E. (1995). Attitudes, opportunities, and incentives: A field essay on political participation. Political Research Quarterly, 48, 181-209.
26. Lublin, D., & Tate, K. (1995). Racial group competition in urban elections. In P. E. Peterson (Ed.), Classifying by race (pp. 245-261). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
27. Madsen, D. (1987). Political self-efficacy tested. American Political Science Review, 81, 571-581.
28. Mansbridge, J. (1999). Should Blacks represent Blacks and women represent women? A contingent "yes." Journal of Politics, 61, 628-657.
29. rd ed. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
30. McPherson, J. M. (1977). Correlates of social participation: A comparison of ethnic community and compensatory theories. Sociological Quarterly, 18, 197-208.
31. Michelson, M. (2000). Political efficacy and electoral participation of Chicago Latinos. Social Science Quarterly, 81, 136-150.
32. Michelson, M. (2002-2003). Political efficacy among California Latinos. Latino(a) Research Review, 5, 5-15.
33. Nagourney, A. (November 5, 2008). Obama elected president as racial barrier falls. New York Times, p. A1.
34. Niemi, R. G., Craig, S. C., & Mattei, F. (1991). Measuring internal political efficacy in the 1988 national election study. American Political Science Review, 85, 1407-1413.
35. Pantoja, A. D., & Segura, G. M. (2003). Does ethnicity matter? Descriptive representation in legislatures and political alienation among Latinos. Social Science Quarterly, 84, 441-460.
36. Rodgers, H. R. (1974). Toward explanation of political efficacy and political cynicism of Black adolescents: An exploratory study. American Journal of Political Science, 18, 257-282.
37. Rosenstone, S. J., & Hansen, J. M. (1993). Mobilization, participation, and democracy in America. New York: Macmillan.
38. Shingles, R. D. (1981). Black consciousness and political participation: The missing link. The American Political Science Review, 75, 76-91.
39. Tate, K. (2001). The political representation of Black in Congress: Does race matter? Legislative Studies Quarterly, 26, 623-638.
40. Tate, K. (2003). Black faces in the mirror: African Americans and their representativeness in the U.S. Congress. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
41. Uhlaner, C. J., Cain, B. E., & Kiewiet, D. R. (1989). Political participation of ethnic minorities in the 1980s. Political Behavior, 11, 199-225.
42. Verba, S., & Nie, N. H. (1972). Participation in America: Political democracy and social equality. New York: Harper and Row.
43. Wolfinger, R. E., & Rosenstone, S. J. (1980). Who votes? New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
44. Wu, C. (2003). Psycho-political correlates of political efficacy: The case of the 1994 New Orleans mayoral election. Journal of Black Studies, 33, 729-760.
45. Yancey, W. L., Rigsby, L., & McCarthy, J. D. (1972). Social position and self evaluation: The relative importance of race. American Journal of Sociology, 78, 338-359.