Inter-annual variation of chlorophyll in the northern South China Sea observed at the SEATS Station and its asymmetric responses to climate oscillation

Biogeosciences

Volumn 10, Issue 11, 2013, Pages 7449-7462

  Liu, K K ^a   Wang, L W ^a   Dai, M ^b   Tseng, C M ^c   Yang, Y ^d   Sui, C H ^e   Oey, L ^a   Tseng, K Y ^a   Huang, S M ^a  

^a NATIONAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b XIAMEN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^d NATIONAL APPLIED RESEARCH LABORATORIES   (Taiwan)

^e NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR-SEA INTERACTION; ANNUAL VARIATION; CHLOROPHYLL; CLIMATE OSCILLATION; ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE; MODIS; OCEANIC CURRENT; SATELLITE DATA; SEA SURFACE HEIGHT; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SEASONAL VARIATION; SEAWIFS;

PACIFIC OCEAN; SOUTH CHINA SEA;

EID: 84888267506     PISSN: 17264170     EISSN: 17264189     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-7449-2013     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Cai, W. J., van Rensch, P., Cowan, T., and Hendon, H. H.: An asymmetry in the IOD and ENSO teleconnection pathway and its impact on Australian climate, J. Climate, 25, 6318-6329, doi:10.1175/jcli-d-11-00501.1, 2012.
2. Centurioni, L. R., Niiler, P. P., and Lee, D. K.: Observations of inflow of Philippine Sea surface water into the South China Sea through the Luzon Strait, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 34, 113-121, 2004. (Pubitemid 38259000)
3. Chang, Y. L. and Oey, L. Y.: The Philippines-Taiwan Oscillation: Monsoonlike interannual oscillation of the subtropical-tropical western North Pacific wind system and its impact on the Ocean, J. Climate, 25, 1597-1618, doi:10.1175/jcli-d-11-00158.1, 2012.
4. Chao, S. Y., Shaw, P. T., and Wu, S. Y.: Deep-Water Ventilation in the South China Sea, Deep-Sea Res. P.t I, 43, 445-466, 1996a.
5. Chao, S. Y., Shaw, P. T., and Wu, S. Y.: El Niño modulation of the South China Sea circulation, Prog. Oceanogr., 38, 51-93, 1996b. (Pubitemid 27185084)
6. Chen, C. C., Shiah, F. K., Chung, S. W., and Liu, K. K.: Winter phytoplankton blooms in the shallow mixed layer of the South China Sea enhanced by upwelling, J. Marine Syst., 59, 97-110, 2006.
7. Chen, C. S., Lai, Z. G., Beardsley, R. C., Xu, Q. C., Lin, H. C., and Viet, N. T.: Current separation and upwelling over the southeast shelf of Vietnam in the South China Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 117, C03033, doi:10.1029/2011jc007150, 2012a.
8. Chen, G. X., Gan, J. P., Xie, Q., Chu, X. Q., Wang, D. X., and Hou, Y. J.: Eddy heat and salt transports in the South China Sea and their seasonal modulations, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 117, C05021, doi:10.1029/2011jc007724, 2012b.
9. Chen, Y. L. L., Chen, H. Y., Lin, II, Lee, M. A., and Chang, J.: Effects of cold eddy on Phytoplankton production and assemblages in Luzon Strait bordering the South China Sea, J. Oceanogr., 63, 671-683, doi:10.1007/s10872- 007-0059-9, 2007.
10. Fang, G. H., Wang, Y. G., Wei, Z. X., Fang, Y., Qiao, F. L., and Hu, X. M.: Interocean circulation and heat and freshwater budgets of the South China Sea based on a numerical model, Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 47, 55-72, doi:10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2008.09.003, 2009.
11. Gong, G.-C., Liu, K.-K., Liu, C.-T., and Pai, S.-C.: Chemical hydrography of the South China Sea and a comparison with the West Philippine Sea, Terr. Atmos. Ocean Sci., 3, 587-602, 1992, http://www.ocean-sci.net/3/587/1992/.
12. Gordon, A. L., Huber, B. A., Metzger, E. J., Susanto, R. D., Hurlburt, H. E., and Adi, T. R.: South China Sea throughflow impact on the Indonesian throughflow, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L11602, doi:10.1029/2012gl052021, 2012.
13. Gordon, H. R.: Atmospheric correction of ocean color imagery in the Earth Observing System era, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 17081-17106, doi:10.1029/96jd02443, 1997.
14. Löwemark, L., Hong, W. L., Yui, T. F., and Hung, G. W.: A test of different factors influencing the isotopic signal of planktonic foraminifera, in surface sediments from the northern South China Sea, Mar. Micropaleontol., 55, 49-62, 2005. (Pubitemid 40560993)
15. Liu, C. T. and Liu, R. J.: The deep current in the Bashi Channel, Acta Oceanogr. Taiwanica, 20, 107-116, 1988.
16. Liu, G. and Chai, F.: Seasonal and interannual variability of primary and export production in the South China Sea: a threedimensional physical-biogeochemical model study, Ices J. Mar. Sci., 66, 420-431, doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsn219, 2009.
17. Liu, K.-K., Chen, Y.-J., Tseng, C.-M., Lin, I.-I., Liu, H., and Snidvongs, A.: The significance of phytoplankton photo-adaptation and benthic-pelagic coupling to primary production in the South China Sea: Observations and numerical investigations, Deep-Sea Res. II, 54, 1546-1574, doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.05.009, 2007. (Pubitemid 47376812)
18. Liu, K.-K., Tseng, C.-M., Wu, C.-R., and Lin, I.-I.: 8.6. The South China Sea, in: Carbon and Nutrient Fluxes in Continental Margins: A Global Synthesis, edited by: Liu, K.-K., Atkinson, L., Quiñones, R., and Talaue-McManus, L., IGBP Book Series, Springer, Berlin, 464-482, 2010a.
19. Liu, K.-K., Tseng, C.-M., Yeh, T.-Y., and Wang, L.-W.: Elevated phytoplankton biomass in marginal seas in the low latitude ocean: A case study of the South China Sea, in: Advances in Geosciences Vol. 18, Ocean Science, edited by: Gan, J., 1-17, 2010b.
20. Liu, K. K., Chao, S. Y., Shaw, P. T., Gong, G. C., Chen, C. C., and Tang, T. Y.: Monsoon-forced chlorophyll distribution and primary production in the South China Sea: observations and a numerical study, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 49, 1387-1412, 2002. (Pubitemid 34973571)
21. Lowemark, L., Steinke, S., Wang, C. H., Chen, M. T., Muller, A., Shiau, L. J., Kao, S. J., Song, S. R., Lin, H. L., and Wei, K. Y.: New evidence for a glacioeustatic influence on deep water circulation, bottom water ventilation and primary productivity in the South China Sea, Dynam. Atmos. Oceans, 47, 138-153, doi:10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2008.08.004, 2009.
22. Mellor, G. L. and Yamada, T.: Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 20, 851-875, 1982. (Pubitemid 13489369)
23. Ning, X., Chai, F., Xue, H., Cai, Y., Liu, C., and Shi, J.: Physicalbiological oceanographic coupling influencing phytoplankton and primary production in the South China Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 109, C10005, doi:10.1029/2004jc002365, 2004. (Pubitemid 40098779)
24. Pai, S. C., Yang, C. C., and Riley, J. P.: Formation kinetics of the pink azo dye in the determination of nitrite in natural-waters, Anal. Chim. Acta, 232, 345-349, 1990.
25. Palacz, A. P., Xue, H. J., Armbrecht, C., Zhang, C. Y., and Chai, F.: Seasonal and inter-annual changes in the surface chlorophyll of the South China Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 116, C09015, doi:10.1029/2011jc007064, 2011.
26. Qu, T., Mitsudera, H., and Yamagata, T.: Intrusion of the North Pacific waters into the South China Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 105, 6415-6424, doi:10.1029/1999jc900323, 2000.
27. Qu, T. D., Kim, Y. Y., Yaremchuk, M., Tozuka, T., Ishida, A., and Yamagata, T.: Can Luzon Strait transport play a role in conveying the impact of ENSO to the South China Sea, J. Climate, 17, 3644-3657, 2004. (Pubitemid 39428559)
28. Qu, T. D., Du, Y., Meyers, G., Ishida, A., andWang, D. X.: Connecting the tropical Pacific with Indian Ocean through South China Sea, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, doi:10.1029/2005GL024698, 2005. (Pubitemid 43239963)
29. Qu, T. D., Girton, J. B., and Whitehead, J. A.: Deepwater overflow through Luzon Strait, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 111, doi:10.1029/2005JC003139, 2006. (Pubitemid 43337042)
30. Shaw, P. T.: The Seasonal-Variation of the Intrusion of the Philippine Sea-Water into the South China Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 96, 821-827, 1991.
31. Shaw, P. T. and Chao, S. Y.: Surface Circulation in the South China Sea, Deep Sea Res. Pt. 1, 41, 1663-1683, 1994.
32. Shaw, P. T., Chao, S. Y., Liu, K. K., Pai, S. C., and Liu, C. T.:Winter Upwelling Off Luzon in the Northeastern South China Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 101, 16435-16448, 1996.
33. Strickland, J. D. H., and Parsons, T. R.: A practical handbook of seawater analysis, 3rd Edn., Bulletin of Fisheries Research Board, Canada, Ottawa, 1984.
34. Sun, D. H., Gagan, M. K., Cheng, H., Scott-Gagan, H., Dykoski, C. A., Edwards, R. L., and Sua, R. X.: Seasonal and interannual variability of the Mid-Holocene East Asian monsoon in coral 18O records from the South China Sea, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 237, 69-84, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.06.022, 2005. (Pubitemid 41235826)
35. Tang, D. L., Ni, I. H., Kester, D. R., and Muller-Karger, F. E.: Remote sensing observations of winter phytoplankton blooms southwest of the Luzon Strait in the South China Sea, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 191, 43-51, doi:10.3354/meps191043, 1999. (Pubitemid 30061634)
36. Thomas, A. C., Strub, P. T., Weatherbee, R. A., and James, C.: Satellite views of Pacific chlorophyll variability: Comparisons to physical variability, local versus nonlocal influences and links to climate indices, Deep-Sea Res. Pt II, 77, 99-116, doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.04.008, 2012.
37. Thompson, R. O. R. Y.: Low-pass filters to suppress inertial and tidal frequencies, J Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 1077-1083, 1983.
38. Tian, J. W. and Qu, T. D.: Advances in research on the deep South China Sea circulation, Chinese Sci. Bull., 57, 3115-3120, doi:10.1007/s11434-012-5269- x, 2012.
39. Tseng, C. M., Wong, G. T. F., Lin, II, Wu, C. R., and Liu, K. K.: A unique seasonal pattern in phytoplankton biomass in low-latitude waters in the South China Sea, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L08608, doi:10.1029/2004GL022111, 2005. (Pubitemid 41043271)
40. Tseng, C. M., Gong, G. C., Wang, L. W., Liu, K. K., and Yang, Y.: Anomalous biogeochemical conditions in the northern South China Sea during the El-Nino events between 1997 and 2003, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L14611, doi:10.1029/2009gl038252, 2009a.
41. Tseng, C. M., Liu, K. K., Wang, L. W., and Gong, G. C.: Anomalous hydrographic and biological conditions in the northern South China Sea during the 1997-1998 El Niño and comparisons with the equatorial Pacific, Deep-Sea Res. Pt I, 56, 2129-2143, doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.09.004, 2009b.
42. Walters, R. A. and Heston, C.: Removing tidal-period variations from time-series data using low-pass digital filters, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 112-115, 1982.
43. Wang, P. X., Tian, J., Cheng, X. R., Liu, C. L., and Xu, J.: Major Pleistocene stages in a carbon perspective: The South China Sea record and its global comparison, Paleoceanography, 19, PA4005, doi:10.1029/2003PA000991, 2004. (Pubitemid 40447400)
44. Wolter, K. and Timlin, M. S.: El Niño/Southern Oscillation behaviour since 1871 as diagnosed in an extended multivariate ENSO index MEI.ext), Int. J. Climatol., 31, 1074-1087, doi:10.1002/joc.2336, 2011.
45. Wong, G. T. F., Ku, T.-L., Mulholland, M., Tseng, C.-M., andWang, D.-P.: The SouthEast Asian Time-series Study (SEATS) and the biogeochemistry of the South China Sea: an overview, Deep-Sea Res. Pt II, 54, 1434-1447, 2007. (Pubitemid 47369156)
46. Wu, C. R. and Hsin, Y. C.: The forcing mechanism leading to the Kuroshio intrusion into the South China Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 117, C07015, doi:10.1029/2012jc007968, 2012.
47. Xiu, P., Chai, F., Shi, L., Xue, H. J., and Chao, Y.: A census of eddy activities in the South China Sea during 1993-2007, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 115, C03012, doi:10.1029/2009jc005657, 2010.
48. Xiu, P., and Chai, F.: Modeled biogeochemical responses to mesoscale eddies in the South China Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 116, C10006, doi:10.1029/2010jc006800, 2011.
49. Xue, H. J., Chai, F., Pettigrew, N., Xu, D. Y., Shi, M., and Xu, J. P.: Kuroshio intrusion and the circulation in the South China Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 109, doi:10.1029/2002JC001724, 2004.
50. Yan, X. H., Ho, C. R., Zheng, Q., and Klemas, V.: Temperature and size variabilities of the western PacificWarm Pool, Science, 258, 1643-1645, 1992.
51. You, Y. Z., Chern, C. S., Yang, Y., Liu, C. T., Liu, K. K., and Pai, S. C.: The South China Sea, a cul-de-sac of North Pacific Intermediate Water, J. Oceanogr., 61, 509-527, 2005. (Pubitemid 41236166)