Vulnerability risk assessment and adaptation to climate change induced sea level rise along the Mediterranean coast of Egypt

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change

Volumn 18, Issue 8, 2013, Pages 1215-1237

  Frihy, Omran E ^a   El Sayed, Mahmoud Kh ^b  

^a Coastal Research Institute ^*  (Egypt)

^b Alexandria University Faculty Of Science   (Egypt)

Author keywords

Adaptation measures; Neotectonics; Nile delta; Risk assessment; Sea level rise; Subsidence; Topography; Vulnerability ranking

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATE EFFECT; COASTAL EROSION; FLOODING; HAZARD ASSESSMENT; NATURE-SOCIETY RELATIONS; NEOTECTONICS; RANKING; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEA LEVEL CHANGE; SUBSIDENCE; TOPOGRAPHY; VULNERABILITY;

EGYPT; MEDITERRANEAN COAST [EGYPT]; NILE DELTA;

EID: 84887999883     PISSN: 13812386     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11027-012-9418-y     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Badawy A (2005) Present-day seismicity, stress field and crustal deformation of Egypt. J Seismol 9: 267-276.
2. Becker R, Sultan M (2009) Land subsidence in the Nile delta: inferences from radar interferometry. Holocene J 19: 949-954.
3. Broadus JJ, Milliman S, Edwards D, Aubrey G (1986) Rising sea level and damming of rivers: possible effects in Egypt and Bangladesh. In: Titus J (ed) Effect of changes, stratospheric ozone and global climate, 4. pp 165-189.
4. Butzer KW (1960) On the Pleistocene shorelines of Arabs' Gulf, Egypt. J Geol 68: 626-637.
5. Church JA, White NJ, Hunter JR, Lambeck K (2008) Briefing: a post-IPCC AR4 update on sea-level rise. Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre.
6. Coleman JM, Robert HH, Murray SP, Salama M (1981) Morphology and dynamic sedimentology of the eastern Nile delta shelf. J Marine Geol 42: 301-312.
7. Coutellier V, Stanley DJ (1987) Late Quaternary stratigraphy and paleogeography of the Eastern Nile delta, Egypt. J Marine Geol 27: 257-275.
8. Deabes EA (2003) The study of sea level changes and currents at Rosetta and Damietta outlets and Abu Qir Bay. MSc Dissertation, Alexandria University, p 242.
9. DEFRA (2012) Climate change risk assessment. Method for undertaking the CCRA Part II-detailed method for Stage 3: Assess Risk. UK, p 114.
10. EEA (2005) Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in Europe. EEA Technical report No 7/2005, ISSN 1725-2237, p 79.
11. El Asmar H, Wood P (2000) Quaternary shoreline development: the northwestern coast of Egypt. J Qatar Sci Rev 19: 1137-1140.
12. El Raey M, Dewidar K, El Hattab M (1999) Adaptation to the impact of sea level rise in Egypt. Clim Res J 12: 117-128.
13. El Sayed MKh (1996) Rising sea-level and subsidence of the Northern Nile delta: a case study. In: Milliman JD, Haq BU (eds) Sea-level rise and coastal subsidence: causes, consequences and strategies. Kluwer, pp 215-233.
14. El Sharnouby B, Soliman A (2010) Shoreline response for long wide and deep submerged breakwater of Alexandria City, Egypt. Paper presented at the 26th International Conference on Seaports and Maritime Transport, Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt, 2010, p 11.
15. Fanos AM, Frihy OE, Khafagy AA, Komar PD (1991) Processes of shoreline change along the Nile delta coast of Egypt. Paper presented at the Coastal Sediments '91 Conference, Seattle, Washington, 1991, 2: 1547-1557.
16. Frihy OE (2003) The Nile delta-Alexandria coast: vulnerability to sea-level rise, consequences and adaptation. J MITI 8: 115-138.
17. Frihy OE, Komar PD (1993) Long-term shoreline changes and the concentration of heavy minerals in beach sands of the Nile delta, Egypt. Marine Geol J 115: 253-261.
18. Frihy OE, Deabes EA, Shereet SM, Abdalla FA (2010) Alexandria-Nile delta coast of Egypt: update and future projection of relative sea-level rise. J Environ Earth Sci 61: 1866-6299.
19. Gafrd (2007) General Authority for Fish Resources Development, Egypt. Annual Fishery Statistics. Report 2007.
20. Garziglia S, Migeon S, Ducassou E, Loncke L, Mascle J (2008) Mass-transport deposits on the Rosetta province (NW Nile deep-sea turbidite system, Egyptian margin): characteristics, distribution, and potential causal processes. J Marine Geol 250: 180-198.
21. Grinsted A, Moore JC, Jevrejeva S (2009) Reconstructing sea level from paleo and projected temperatures 200 to 2100AD. Clim Dyn. doi: 10. 1007/s00382-008-0507-2.
22. Horton RC, Herweijer C, Rosenzweig J, Gornitz V, Ruane AC (2008) Sea level rise projections for current generation CGCMs based on the semi-empirical method. Geophys Res J, Letter 35: L02715. doi: 2007/2007GL032486.
23. IDSC/UNDP (2011) Egypt's national strategy for adaptation to climate change and disaster risk reduction. The Egyptian Cabinet, Information and Decision Support Centre, Cairo, p 166.
24. IPCC (2001) Climate change 2001: impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability-contribution of working group II to the IPCC Third Assessment Report, Cambridge University Press, 572 pp.
25. IPCC (2007) Climate change 2007: synthesis report. Contribution of working groups I, II and III to the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In: Pachauri RK, Reisinger A (eds) Core writing team. IPCC, Geneva, p 104.
26. Lövkvist-Andersen AL, Olsson R, Ritchey T, Stenström M (2004) Modeling society's capacity to manage extraordinary events. Presented at the conference of the SRA (Society for Risk Analysis), Paris, 15-17 November 2004, p 11.
27. METAP "Mediterranean Environmental Technical Assistance Program" (2005) Strenghtening of the capacity in selected METAP countries to assess the cost of environmental degradation in coastal areas. Cost of Environmental Degradation in Coastal Areas of Egypt. Interim Report, p 84.
28. Misdorp R, Sestini G (1975) The Nile delta: main features of the continental shelf topography. Presented at the Seminar on the Nile delta Sedimentology, Alexandria, Egypt, pp 45-161.
29. Neev D, Greenfield L, Hall JK (1985) Slice tectonic in the Eastern Mediterranean basin. In: Stanley DJ, Wezel FC (eds) Geological evolution of the Mediterranean basin. Springer, New York, pp 249-269.
30. Nicholls RJ, Klein RJ (2000) Adaptation frameworks for sea-level rise impacts. SURVAS-Database, URL. http://www. survas. mdx. ac. uk.
31. Nicholls RJ, Hoozemans FM, Marchand M (1999) Increasing flood risk and wetland losses due to global sea-level rise: regional and global analyses. J Global Environmental Change 9: S69-S87.
32. Nicholls RS, Hanson C, Herweijer N, Patmore J, Corfee-Morlot J, Chateau, Muir-Wood R (2008) Ranking port cities with high exposure and vulnerability to climate extremes. OECD Environment Working Papers No. 1, OECD Publications, Paris, p 10.
33. Orlova G, Zenkovitch V (1974) Erosion of the shores of the Nile delta. Geoforum J 18: 68-72.
34. Said R (1962) Geology of Egypt. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p 377.
35. Said R (1981) The geological evolution of the River Nile. Springer, New York, p 151.
36. Sestini G (1984) Tectonic and sedimentary history of the NE African margin (Egypt-Libya). In: Dixon JE, Robertson AH (eds) The geological evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 61-175.
37. Sestini G (1989) Nile delta: a review of depositional environments and geological history. In: Whateley KG, Pikering KT (eds) Deltas sites and traps for fossil fuels. Blackwell, London, Geological Society Special Publication, 41. pp 99-127.
38. Sestini G (1992) Implications of climate change for the Nile delta. In: Jeftic L, Milliman JD, Sestini G (eds) Climate change and the Mediterranean. Environmental and societal impacts of climate and sea-level rise in the Mediterranean Sea. Edward Arnold, London, pp 533-601.
39. Stanley DJ, Goodfriend GA (1997) Recent subsidence of the northern Suez Canal. Sci Corresp J 388: 335-336.
40. Stanley DJ, Toscano MA (2009) Ancient archaeological sites buried and submerged along Egypt's Nile delta coast: gauges of Holocene delta margin subsidence. J Coast Res 25: 158-170.
41. Stanley DJ, Warne AG (1993) Nile delta: recent geological evolution and human impacts. Sci J 260: 628-634.
42. UN/UNFCCC (2009) Copenhagen accord, draft decision/CP 15, 7-19 December 2009, p 43.
43. Warne AG, Stanley DG (1993) Late Quaternary evolution of the Northwest Nile delta and adjacent coast in the Alexandria region, Egypt. J Coast Res 1: 26-64.
44. Zaghloul ZM, Elgamal MM, El Araby H, AbdelWahab W (1999) Evidences of neotectonics and ground motions in the Northern Nile delta. In: Zaghloul ZM, Elgamal MM (eds) Deltas-modern and ancient, First International Symposium on the Deltas, Mansoura University, Egypt, pp 209-217.