South Coast bioregion

Fire in California's Ecosystems

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 350-390

  Keeley, Jon E ^a  

^a US Geologic Survey   (United States)

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Indexed keywords

EID: 84887955706     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (292)

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2. Allen, E.B., S.A. Eliason, V.J. Marquez, G. P. Schultz, N. K. Storms, C.D. Stylinski, T.A. Zink, and M.F. Allen. 2000. What are the limits to restoration of coastal sage scrub in southern California? Pages 253-262 in J. E. Keeley, M.B. Keeley, and C.J. Fotheringham, editors. 2nd interface between ecology and land development in California. U.S. Geological Survey, Sacramento, CA.
3. Anderson, K. 1993. Native Californians as ancient and contemporary cultivators. Pages 151-174 in B.T.C. and K. Anderson, editors. Before the wilderness: environmental management by native Californians. Ballena Press, Menlo Park, CA.
4. Anderson, M.K., M.G. Barbour, and V. Whitworth. 1998. A world of balance and plenty. Pages 12-47 in R.A. Gutierrez and R. J. Orsi, editors. Contested Eden. California before the gold rush. University of California Press, Los Angeles.
5. Anderson, R.S., and B.F. Byrd. 1998. Late-Holocene vegetation changes from the Las Flores Creek coastal lowlands, San Diego County, California. Madroño 45:171-182.
6. Anderson, R.S., M.J. Power, S.J. Smith, K. Springer, and E. Scott. 2002. Paleoecology of a middle Wisconsin deposit from southern California. Quaternary Research 58:310-317.
7. Archer, S. 1994. Woodland plant encroachment into southwestern grasslands and savannas: rates, patterns and proximate causes. Pages 13-68 in M. Vavra, W.A. Laycock, and R.D. Pieper, editors. Ecological implications of livestock herbivory in the west. Society for Range Management, Denver, CO.
8. Armstrong, W.P. 1966. Ecological and taxonomic relationships of Cupressus in southern California. M.A. thesis. California State University, Los Angeles.
9. Axelrod, D.I. 1938. A Pliocene flora from the Mount Eden Beds, southern California. Pages 125-183 in Miocene and Pliocenefloras of western North America. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC.
10. Axelrod, D.I. 1939. A Miocene flora from the western border of the Mohave Desert. 516:125-183.
11. Axelrod, D.I. 1950a. Further studies of the Mount Eden flora, southern California. Pages 73-117 + plates in D.I. Axelrod, editor. Studies in late Teritiary paleobotany. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC.
12. Axelrod, D.I. 1950b. The Anaverde flora of southern Califonria. Pages 119-157 + plates in D.I. Axelrod, editor. Studies in late Teritiary paleobotany. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC.
13. Axelrod, D.I. 1950c. The Piru Gorce flora of southern California. Pages 159-213 + plates in D.I. Axelrod, editor. Studies in late Teritiary paleobotany. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC.
14. Axelrod, D.I. 1978. The origin of coastal sage vegetation, Alta and Baja California. American Journal of Botany 65:1117-1131.
15. Axelrod, D.I., and F. Govean. 1996. An early Pleistocene closedcone pine forest at Costa Mesa, Southern California. International Journal of Plant Science 157:323-329.
16. Barrett, L.A. 1935. A record of forest and field fires in California from the days of the early explorers to the creation of the forest reserves. USDA Forest Service, San Francisco.
17. Bell, G.P. 1997. Ecology and management of Arundo donax, and approaches to riparian habitat restoration in southern California. Pages 103-133 in J.H. Brock, M. Wade, P. Pysek, and D. Green, editors. Plant invasions: studies from North America and Europe. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands.
18. Bendix, J. 1994. Among-site variation in riparian vegetation of the southern California transverse ranges. American Midland Naturalist 132:136-151.
19. Bolton, R.B., Jr. 1966. Ecological requirements of big-cone spruce (Pseudotsuga macrocarpa) in the Santa Ana Mountains. M.A. thesis. California State University, Los Angeles.
20. Bolton, R.B., and R.J. Vogl. 1969. Ecological requirements of Pseudotsuga macrocarpa (Vasey) Mayr. in the Santa Ana Mountains. Journal of Forestry 69:112-119.
21. Bond, W.J., K.-A. Smythe, and D.A. Balfour. 2001. Acacia species turnover in space and time in an African savanna. Journal of Biogeography 28:117-128.
22. Borchert, M. 1985. Serotiny and cone-habit variation in populations of Pinus coulteri (Pinaceae) in the southern Coast Ranges of California. Madroño 32:29-48.
23. Borchert, M., D. Schreiner, T. Knowd, and T. Plumb. 2002. Predicting postfire survival in Coulter Pine (Pinus coulteri) and Gray pine (Pinus sabiniana) after wildfire in Central California. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 17:134-138.
24. Bouldin, J.R. 1999. Twentieth-century changes in forests of the Sierra Nevada, California. Ph.D. dissertation. University of California, Davis, CA.
25. Bradbury, D.E. 1978. The evolution and persistence of a local sage/chamise community pattern in southern California. Yearbook of the Association of Pacific Coast Geographers 40:39-56.
26. Byrne, R., E. Edlund, and S. Mensing. 1991. Holocene changes in the distribution and abundance of oaks in California. Pages 182-188 in R.B. Standiford, editor. Proceedings of the symposium on oak woodlands and hardwood rangeland management. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station.
27. Bullock, S. H. 1989. Life history and seed dispersal of the shortlived chaparral shrub Dendromecon rigida (Papaveraceae). American Journal of Botany 76:1506-1517.
28. Callaway, R. M., and F.W. Davis. 1993. Vegetation dynamics, fire, and the physical environment in coastal central California. Ecology 74:1567-1578.
29. Carroll, M.C., L.L. Laughrin, and A.C. Bromfield. 1993. Fire on the California Islands: does it play a role in chaparral and closed-cone pine forest habitats? Pages 73-88 in F. G. Hochberg, editor. Third California Islands Symposium: Recent Advances in Research on the California Islands. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, CA.
30. Campbell, B.M. 1980. Some mixed hardwood forest communities of the coastal range of southern California. Phytocoenologia 8:297-320.
31. Christensen, N.L. 1973. Fire and the nitrogen cycle in California chaparral. Science 181:66-68.
32. Christenson, L.E. 1990. The late prehistoric Yuman people of San Diego county, California: Their settlement and subsistence system. Ph.D. dissertation. Arizona State University.
33. Coffin, H. 1959. Effect of marine air on the fire climate in the mountains of southern California. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Technical Paper 39.
34. Cole, K.L., and E. Wahl. 2000. A late Holocene paleoecological record from Torrey Pines State Reserve, California. Quaternary Research 53:341-351.
35. Collett, R. 1992. Frost report: towns and temperatures. Pacific Horticulture 53:7-9.
36. Conard, S.G., J.L. Beyers, and P. M. Wohlgemuth. 1995. Impacts of postfire grass seeding on chaparral systems-what do we know and where do we go from here? Pages 149-161 in J. E. Keeley and T. Scott, editors. Wildfires in California brushlands: ecology and resource management. International Associationof Wildland Fire, Fairfield, WA.
37. Conard, S.G., and D.R. Weise. 1998. Management of fire regime, fuels, and fire effects in southern California chaparral: lessons from the past and thoughts for the future. Tall Timbers Ecology Conference Proceedings 20:342-350.
38. Conroy, C.C. 1928. Thunderstorms in the Los Angeles district. Monthly Weather Review 56:310.
39. Cooper, W.S. 1922. The broad-sclerophyll vegetation of California. An ecological study of the chaparral and its related communities. Publication No. 319, Carnegie Institution of Washington.
40. Davis, F.W., M.I. Borchert, and D.C. Odion. 1989. Establishment of microscale vegetation pattern in maritime chaparral after fire. Vegetatio 84:53-67.
41. Davis, F.W., E.A. Keller, A. Parikh, and J. Florsheim. 1989. Recovery of the chaparral riparian zone after wildfire. Pages 194-203 in D.L. Abell, editor. Proceedings of the California riparian systems conference: protection, management, and restoration for the 1990s. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Berkeley, CA.
42. Davis, F.W., and J. Michaelson. 1995. Sensitivity of fire regime in chaparral ecosystems to climate change. Pages 435-456 in J.M. Moreno and W. C. Oechel, editors. Global change and mediterranean-type ecosystems. Springer-Verlag, New York.
43. Davis, F.W., P.A. Stine, and D.M. Stoms. 1994. Distribution and conservation status of coastal sage scrub in southwestern California. Journal of Vegetation Science 5:743-756.
44. Alexander, E.B. 1993. Gabbro and its soils. Fremontia 21:8-10.
45. Allen, E.B., S.A. Eliason, V.J. Marquez, G. P. Schultz, N. K. Storms, C.D. Stylinski, T.A. Zink, and M.F. Allen. 2000. What are the limits to restoration of coastal sage scrub in southern California? Pages 253-262 in J. E. Keeley, M.B. Keeley, and C.J. Fotheringham, editors. 2nd interface between ecology and land development in California. U.S. Geological Survey, Sacramento, CA.
46. Anderson, K. 1993. Native Californians as ancient and contemporary cultivators. Pages 151-174 in B.T.C. and K. Anderson, editors. Before the wilderness: environmental management by native Californians. Ballena Press, Menlo Park, CA.
47. Anderson, M.K., M.G. Barbour, and V. Whitworth. 1998. A world of balance and plenty. Pages 12-47 in R.A. Gutierrez and R. J. Orsi, editors. Contested Eden. California before the gold rush. University of California Press, Los Angeles.
48. Anderson, R.S., and B.F. Byrd. 1998. Late-Holocene vegetation changes from the Las Flores Creek coastal lowlands, San Diego County, California. Madroño 45:171-182.
49. Anderson, R.S., M.J. Power, S.J. Smith, K. Springer, and E. Scott. 2002. Paleoecology of a middle Wisconsin deposit from southern California. Quaternary Research 58:310-317.
50. Archer, S. 1994. Woodland plant encroachment into southwestern grasslands and savannas: rates, patterns and proximate causes. Pages 13-68 in M. Vavra, W.A. Laycock, and R.D. Pieper, editors. Ecological implications of livestock herbivory in the west. Society for Range Management, Denver, CO.
51. Armstrong, W.P. 1966. Ecological and taxonomic relationships of Cupressus in southern California. M.A. thesis. California State University, Los Angeles.
52. Axelrod, D.I. 1938. A Pliocene flora from the Mount Eden Beds, southern California. Pages 125-183 in Miocene and Pliocenefloras of western North America. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC.
53. Axelrod, D.I. 1939. A Miocene flora from the western border of the Mohave Desert. 516:125-183.
54. Axelrod, D.I. 1950a. Further studies of the Mount Eden flora, southern California. Pages 73-117 + plates in D.I. Axelrod, editor. Studies in late Teritiary paleobotany. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC.
55. Axelrod, D.I. 1950b. The Anaverde flora of southern Califonria. Pages 119-157 + plates in D.I. Axelrod, editor. Studies in late Teritiary paleobotany. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC.
56. Axelrod, D.I. 1950c. The Piru Gorce flora of southern California. Pages 159-213 + plates in D.I. Axelrod, editor. Studies in late Teritiary paleobotany. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC.
57. Axelrod, D.I. 1978. The origin of coastal sage vegetation, Alta and Baja California. American Journal of Botany 65:1117-1131.
58. Axelrod, D.I., and F. Govean. 1996. An early Pleistocene closedcone pine forest at Costa Mesa, Southern California. International Journal of Plant Science 157:323-329.
59. Barrett, L.A. 1935. A record of forest and field fires in California from the days of the early explorers to the creation of the forest reserves. USDA Forest Service, San Francisco.
60. Bell, G.P. 1997. Ecology and management of Arundo donax, and approaches to riparian habitat restoration in southern California. Pages 103-133 in J.H. Brock, M. Wade, P. Pysek, and D. Green, editors. Plant invasions: studies from North America and Europe. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands.
61. Bendix, J. 1994. Among-site variation in riparian vegetation of the southern California transverse ranges. American Midland Naturalist 132:136-151.
62. Bolton, R.B., Jr. 1966. Ecological requirements of big-cone spruce (Pseudotsuga macrocarpa) in the Santa Ana Mountains. M.A. thesis. California State University, Los Angeles.
63. Bolton, R.B., and R.J. Vogl. 1969. Ecological requirements of Pseudotsuga macrocarpa (Vasey) Mayr. in the Santa Ana Mountains. Journal of Forestry 69:112-119.
64. Bond, W.J., K.-A. Smythe, and D.A. Balfour. 2001. Acacia species turnover in space and time in an African savanna. Journal of Biogeography 28:117-128.
65. Borchert, M. 1985. Serotiny and cone-habit variation in populations of Pinus coulteri (Pinaceae) in the southern Coast Ranges of California. Madroño 32:29-48.
66. Borchert, M., D. Schreiner, T. Knowd, and T. Plumb. 2002. Predicting postfire survival in Coulter Pine (Pinus coulteri) and Gray pine (Pinus sabiniana) after wildfire in Central California. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 17:134-138.
67. Bouldin, J.R. 1999. Twentieth-century changes in forests of the Sierra Nevada, California. Ph.D. dissertation. University of California, Davis, CA.
68. Bradbury, D.E. 1978. The evolution and persistence of a local sage/chamise community pattern in southern California. Yearbook of the Association of Pacific Coast Geographers 40:39-56.
69. Byrne, R., E. Edlund, and S. Mensing. 1991. Holocene changes in the distribution and abundance of oaks in California. Pages 182-188 in R.B. Standiford, editor. Proceedings of the symposium on oak woodlands and hardwood rangeland management. Station.
70. Bullock, S. H. 1989. Life history and seed dispersal of the shortlived chaparral shrub Dendromecon rigida (Papaveraceae). American Journal of Botany 76:1506-1517.
71. Callaway, R. M., and F.W. Davis. 1993. Vegetation dynamics, fire, and the physical environment in coastal central California. Ecology 74:1567-1578.
72. Carroll, M.C., L.L. Laughrin, and A.C. Bromfield. 1993. Fire on the California Islands: does it play a role in chaparral and closed-cone pine forest habitats? Pages 73-88 in F. G. Hochberg, editor. Third California Islands Symposium: Recent Advances in Research on the California Islands. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, CA.
73. Campbell, B.M. 1980. Some mixed hardwood forest communities of the coastal range of southern California. Phytocoenologia 8:297-320.
74. Christensen, N.L. 1973. Fire and the nitrogen cycle in California chaparral. Science 181:66-68.
75. Christenson, L.E. 1990. The late prehistoric Yuman people of San Diego county, California: Their settlement and subsistence system. Ph.D. dissertation. Arizona State University.
76. Coffin, H. 1959. Effect of marine air on the fire climate in the mountains of southern California. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Technical Paper 39.
77. Cole, K.L., and E. Wahl. 2000. A late Holocene paleoecological record from Torrey Pines State Reserve, California. Quaternary Research 53:341-351.
78. Collett, R. 1992. Frost report: towns and temperatures. Pacific Horticulture 53:7-9.
79. Conard, S.G., J.L. Beyers, and P. M. Wohlgemuth. 1995. Impacts of postfire grass seeding on chaparral systems-what do we know and where do we go from here? Pages 149-161 in J. E. Keeley and T. Scott, editors. Wildfires in California brushlands: ecology and resource management. International Association of Wildland Fire, Fairfield, WA.
80. Conard, S.G., and D.R. Weise. 1998. Management of fire regime, fuels, and fire effects in southern California chaparral: lessons from the past and thoughts for the future. Tall Timbers Ecology Conference Proceedings 20:342-350.
81. Conroy, C.C. 1928. Thunderstorms in the Los Angeles district. Monthly Weather Review 56:310.
82. Cooper, W.S. 1922. The broad-sclerophyll vegetation of California. An ecological study of the chaparral and its related communities. Publication No. 319, Carnegie Institution of Washington.
83. Davis, F.W., M.I. Borchert, and D.C. Odion. 1989. Establishment of microscale vegetation pattern in maritime chaparral after fire. Vegetatio 84:53-67.
84. Davis, F.W., E.A. Keller, A. Parikh, and J. Florsheim. 1989. Recovery of the chaparral riparian zone after wildfire. Pages 194-203 in D.L. Abell, editor. Proceedings of the California riparian systems conference: protection, management, and restoration for the 1990s. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Berkeley, CA.
85. Davis, F.W., and J. Michaelson. 1995. Sensitivity of fire regime in chaparral ecosystems to climate change. Pages 435-456 in J.M. Moreno and W. C. Oechel, editors. Global change and mediterranean-type ecosystems. Springer-Verlag, New York.
86. Davis, F.W., P.A. Stine, and D.M. Stoms. 1994. Distribution and conservation status of coastal sage scrub in southwestern California. Journal of Vegetation Science 5:743-756.
87. Davis, F.W., P.A. Stine, D.M. Stoms, M.I. Borchert, and A.D. Hollander. 1995. Gap analysis of the actual vegetation of California 1. The southwestern region. Madroño 42:40-78.
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126. Keeley, J.E. 1990a. Demographic structure of California black walnut ( Juglans californica; Juglandaceae) woodlands in southern California. Madroño 37:237-248.
127. Keeley, J.E. 1990a. Demographic structure of California black walnut ( Juglans californica; Juglandaceae) woodlands in southern California. Madroño 37:237-248.
128. Keeley, J.E. 1990b. The California valley grassland. Pages 2-23 in A.A. Schoenherr, editor. Endangered plant communities of southern California. Southern California Botanists, Fullerton.
129. Keeley, J.E. 1991. Seed germination and life history syndromes in the California chaparral. Botanical Review 57:81-116.
130. Keeley, J.E. 1992a. Demographic structure of California chaparral in the long-term absence of fire. Journal of Vegetation Science 3:79-90.
131. Keeley, J.E. 1992b. Recruitment of seedlings and vegetative sprouts in unburned chaparral. Ecology 73:1194-1208.
132. Keeley, J.E. 1993. Native grassland restoration: the initial stage- assessing suitable sites. Pages 277-281 in J. E. Keeley, editor. Interface between ecology and land development in California. Southern California Academy of Sciences, Los Angeles.
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134. Keeley, J.E. 1998b. Coupling demography, physiology and evolution in chaparral shrubs. Pages 257-264 in P.W. Rundel, G. Montenegro, and F.M. Jaksic, editors. Landscape diversity and biodiversity in mediterranean-type ecosystems. Springer-Verlag, New York.
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137. Keeley, J.E. 2002a. Native American impacts on fire regimes of the California coastal ranges. Journal of Biogeography 29:303-320.
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139. Keeley, J.E. 2004a. Impact of antecedent climate on fire regimes in southern California. International Journal of Wildland Fire 13:173-182.
140. Keeley, J.E. 2004b VTM plots as evidence of historical change: Goldmine or landmine? Madroño 51:372-378.
141. Keeley, J.E. 2004c. Invasive plants and fire management in California Mediterranean-climate ecosystems. No pagination in M. Arianoutsou and V. P. Panastasis, editors. Ecology, conservation and management of mediterranean climate ecosystems. Millpress, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
142. Keeley, J.E. Fire severity and plant age in postfire resprouting of woody plants in sage scrub and chaparral. Madroño. In press.
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