Therapeutic plasma concentrations of epsilon aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid in horses

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Volumn 27, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 1589-1595

  Fletcher, D J ^a   Brainard, B M ^b   Epstein, K ^b   Radcliffe, R ^a   Divers, T ^a  

^a Animal Health Diagnostic Center   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Antifibrinolytics; Bleeding disorders; Coagulation; Fibrinolysis

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; EQUIDAE;

AMINOCAPROIC ACID; ANTIFIBRINOLYTIC AGENT; TRANEXAMIC ACID;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ANTIFIBRINOLYTICS; ARTICLE; BLEEDING DISORDERS; COAGULATION; DRUG EFFECT; FIBRINOLYSIS; HORSE; HORSE DISEASE; IN VITRO STUDY; METHODOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; STATISTICAL MODEL; THROMBOELASTOGRAPHY;

ANTIFIBRINOLYTICS; BLEEDING DISORDERS; COAGULATION; FIBRINOLYSIS;

AMINOCAPROIC ACID; ANIMALS; ANTIFIBRINOLYTIC AGENTS; FIBRINOLYSIS; HORSE DISEASES; HORSES; LINEAR MODELS; THROMBELASTOGRAPHY; TRANEXAMIC ACID;

EID: 84887612638     PISSN: 08916640     EISSN: 19391676     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12202     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Ray MJ, Hales M, Marsh N. Epsilon-aminocaproic acid promotes the release of alpha2-antiplasmin during and after cardiopulmonary bypass. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2001;12:129-35.
2. Levy JH, Dutton RP, Hemphill JC, et al. Multidisciplinary approach to the challenge of hemostasis. Anesth Analg 2010;110:354-64.
3. Ives C, Inaba K, Branco BC, et al. Hyperfibrinolysis elicited via thromboelastography predicts mortality in trauma. J Am Coll Surg 2012;215:496-502.
4. CRASH-2 Trial Collaborators. Effects of tranexamic acid on death, vascular occlusive events, and blood transfusion in trauma patients with significant haemorrhage (CRASH-2): A randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2010;376:23-32.
5. Sukeik M, Alshryda S, Haddad FS, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the use of tranexamic acid in total hip replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2011;93:39-46.
6. Henry DA, Moxey AJ, Carless PA, et al. Anti-fibrinolytic use for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;(1):CD001886.
7. Schouten ES, van de Pol AC, Schouten ANJ, et al. The effect of aprotinin, tranexamic acid, and aminocaproic acid on blood loss and use of blood products in major pediatric surgery: A meta-analysis. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2009;10:182-90.
8. Dechant JE, Nieto JE, Le Jeune SS. Hemoperitoneum in horses: 67 cases (1989-2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006;229:253-8.
9. Conwell RC, Hillyer MH, Mair TS, et al. Haemoperitoneum in horses: A retrospective review of 54 cases. Vet Rec 2010;167:514-8.
10. Arnold CE, Payne M. Thompson J a, et al. Periparturient hemorrhage in mares: 73 cases (1998-2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2008;232:1345-51.
11. Ross J, Dallap BL. Dolente B a, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of epsilon-aminocaproic acid in horses. Am J Vet Res 2007;68:1016-21.
12. Heidmann P, Tornquist SJS, Qu A, et al. Laboratory measures of hemostasis and fibrinolysis after intravenous administration of ε-aminocaproic acid in clinically normal horses and ponies. Am J Vet Res 2005;66:313-318.
13. Frederiksen MC, Bowsher DJ, Ruo TI, et al. Kinetics of epsilon-aminocaproic acid distribution, elimination, and antifibrinolytic effects in normal subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1984;35:387-93.
14. Tentoni J, Polini N, Casanave E. Comparative vertebrate fibrinolysis. Comp Clin Pathol 2010;19:225-234.
15. Barton M, Morris D. Hemostatic and fibrinolytic indices in neonatal foals with presumed septicemia. J Vet Intern Med 1998;12:26-35.
16. Keen J, Mclaren M, Chandler K, et al. Biochemical indices of vascular function, glucose metabolism and oxidative stress in horses with equine Cushing's disease. Equine Vet J 2010;36:226-229.
17. Olver CS, Nielsen VG. Thrombelastographic characterization of coagulation/fibrinolysis in horses: Role of carboxyheme and metheme states. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2012;23:231-6.
18. Yurka HG, Wissler RN, Zanghi CN, et al. The effective concentration of epsilon-aminocaproic acid for inhibition of fibrinolysis in neonatal plasma in vitro. Anesth Analg 2010;111:180-4.
19. Hrafnkelsdottir T, Gudnason T, Wall U, et al. Regulation of local availability of active tissue-type plasminogen activator in vivo in man. J Thromb Haemost 2004;2:1960-8.
20. Verstraete M. Clinical application of inhibitors of fibrinolysis. Drugs 1985;29:236-61.
21. Andersson L, Nilsoon IM, Colleen S, et al. Role of urokinase and tissue activator in sustaining bleeding and the management thereof with EACA and AMCA. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1968;146:642-58.
22. Nielsen VG, Cankovic L, Steenwyk BL. Epsilon-aminocaproic acid inhibition of fibrinolysis in vitro: Should the "therapeutic" concentration be reconsidered? Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2007;18:35-9.
23. Smith SA, McMichael M, Galligan A, et al. Clot formation in canine whole blood as measured by rotational thromboelastometry is influenced by sample handling and coagulation activator. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2010;21:692-702.
24. Sokal R, Rohlf J. Biometry, the Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research, 2nd ed. San Francisco, CA: W. H. Freeman & Company; 1981.
25. Neter J, Kutner M, Wasserman W, et al. Applied Linear Regression Models. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin; 1994.
26. Collatos C, Barton MH, Moore JN. Fibrinolytic activity in plasma from horses with gastrointestinal diseases: Changes associated with diagnosis, surgery, and outcome. J Vet Intern Med 1995;9:18-23.
27. Collatos C, Barton MH, Prasse KW, et al. Intravascular and peritoneal coagulation and fibrinolysis in horses with acute gastrointestinal tract diseases. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1995;207:465-70.
28. Welles EG, Prasse KW, Moore JN. Use of newly developed assays for protein C and plasminogen in horses with signs of colic. Am J Vet Res 1991;52:345-51.
29. Epstein K, Brainard B, Gomez-Ibanez M, et al. Thrombelastography in horses with acute gastrointestinal disease. J Vet Intern Med 2011;25:307-314.