Marjolin's ulcer: Clinical and pathologic features of 83 cases and review of literature

Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Volumn 27, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 215-224

  Fazeli, Mohammad Sadegh ^a   Lebaschi, Amir Hosein ^a   Hajirostam, Morvarid ^a   Keramati, Mohammad Reza ^a  

^a TEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

Author keywords

Burn; Chronic skin disease; Marjolin's ulcer

Indexed keywords

EID: 84887332845     PISSN: 10161430     EISSN: 22516840     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Novick M, Gard DA, Hardy SB. Burn scar carcinoma: a review and analysis of 46 cases. J Trauma. 1977; 17: 809-17.
2. Cruickshank AH, Gaskell E. Jean-Nicolas Marjolin: Destined To Be Forgotten? Med Hist. 1963; 7: 383-4.
3. Da Costa JC. Carcinomatous Changes in an Area of Chronic Ulceration, or Marjolin's Ulcer. Ann Surg. 1903; 37(4): 496-502.
4. Fordyce JA. Malignant diseases in scars and ulcers-Marjolin's ulcer. In: Keen WW, ed. Surgery, its Principles and Practice. Philadelphia, USA: W B Saunders, 1911: 2; 631-2.
5. Treves N, Pack GT. The development of cancer in burns scars. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1930; 51: 749-82.
6. Steffen C. Marjolin's ulcer: Report of two cases and evidence that Marjolin did not describe cancer arising in scars of burns. Am J Dermatopathol. 1984; 6(2):187-93.
7. Olewiler SD. Marjolin's ulcer due to venous stasis. Cutis. 1995; 56(3):168-70.
8. Grotting JC, Bunkis J, Vasconez LO. Pressure sore carcinoma. Ann Plast Surg. 1987; 18(6):527-32.
9. Ryan RF, Litwin MS, Krementz ET. A new concept in the management of Marjolin's ulcers. Ann Surg. 1981; 193(5):598-605.
10. Smith J, Mello LF, Nogueira Neto NC, Meohas W, Pinto LW, Campos VA, et al. Malignancy in chronic ulcers and scars of the leg (Marjolin's ulcer): a study of 21 patients. Skeletal Radiol. 2001; 30(6):331-7.
11. Bowers RF, Young JM. Carcinoma arising in scars, osteomyelitis, and fistulae. Arch Surg. 1960; 80: 564-70.
12. Lerner HJ, Dietrick G. Squamous cell carcinoma of the pilonidal sinus: Report of a case and review of the literature. J Surg Oncol. 1979; 11(2):177-83.
13. Lin MT, Breiner M, Fredricks S. Marjolin's ulcer occurring in hidradenitis suppurativa. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999; 103(5):1541-3.
14. Mirshra D, Raji MA. Squamous cell carcinoma occurring at site of prior herpes zoster of the scalp: Case report of Marjolin ulcer. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2004; 52(7):1221-2.
15. Hammond JS, Thomsen S, Ward CG. Scar carcinoma arising in a skin graft donor site. J Trauma. 1987; 27(6):681-3.
16. Barr LH, Menard JW. Marjolin's ulcer: The LSU experience. Cancer. 1983; 52(1):173-5.
17. Phillips TJ, Salman SM, Bhawan J, RogersGS. Burn scar carcinoma. Diagnosis and management. Dermatol Surg. 1998; 24(5):561-5.
18. Esther R, Lamps L, Schwartz H. Marjolin ulcers: secondary carcinomas in chronic wounds. J South Orthop Assoc 1999; 8: 181-7.
19. Gül U, Kiliç A. Squamous Cell Carcinoma Developing on Burn Scar. Ann Plast Surg. 2006; 56(4):406-8.
20. Lefebvre PH, Rouge D, Chavoin Costagliola M. Scar carcinomas: report of fourteen cases. Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 1991; 36:330 -335.
21. Türegün M, Nişanci M, Güler M. Burn scar carcinoma with longer lag period arising in previously grafted area. Burns. 1997; 23:496-497.
22. Spring PM, Myers JN, El-Naggar AK, et al. Malignant melanoma arising within a burn scar. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngeol. 2001; 110:369-376.
23. Kowal-Vern A, Criswell B.K. Burn scar neoplasms: A literature review and statistical analysis. Burns. 2005; 31(4):403-13.
24. Fleming MD, Hunt JL, Purdue GF, Sandstad J. Marjolin's ulcer: a review and reevaluation of a difficult problem. J Burn Care Rehabil 1990; 11:460-9.
25. Alconchel MD, Olivares C, Alvarez R. Squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising in burn scars. Br J Dermatol 1997; 137:793-8.
26. Muhlemann MF, Griths RW, Briggs JC. Malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma in a burn scar. Br J Plast Surg 1982; 35:474-7.
27. Neve EF. Kangri-burn cancer. Br Med J 1923; 2:1255-6.
28. Suryanarayan CR. Kangri cancer in Kashmir valley: preliminary study. J Surg Oncol 1973; 5:327-33.
29. Laycock HT. The "Kang cancer"of northwest China. Br Med J 1948;1:982.
30. Peterkin GAG. Malignant change in erythema ab igne. Br Med J 1955; 2:1599-602.
31. Arons MS, Rodin AE, Lynch JB, Lewis SR, Blocker TG. Scar tissue carcinoma: II. An experimental study with special reference to burn scar carcinoma. Ann Surg. 1966; 163(3):445-60.
32. Konigova R, Rychterova V. Marjolin's ulcer. Acta Chir Plast 2000; 42: 91-4.
33. Celikoz B, Demiriz M, Selmanpakoglu N. A shorter lag period of mesenchymal malignancy on Marjolin's ulcer. Burns 1997; 23: 72-4.
34. Bostwick J, Pendergrast WJ, Vasconez LO. Marjolin's ulcer: an immunologically privileged tumor? Plast Reconstr Surg 1976; 57: 66-9.
35. Kikuchi H, Nishida T, Kurokawa M, Setoyama M, Kisanuki A. Three cases of malignant melanoma arising on burn scars. J Dermatol. 2003; 30(8):617-24.
36. Lee SH, Shin MS, Kim HS. Somatic mutations of Fas (Apo-1/CD95) gene in cutaneous cell carcinomas arising from a burn scar. J Invest Dermatol 1999; 114:122-6.
37. Baliarsing AK. Will Fas gene help to diagnose burn scar squamous cell carcinoma? Plast Reconst Surg. 2000; 106:203.
38. Hahn SB, Kim DJ, Jeon CH. Clinical study of Marjolin's ulcer. Yonsei Med J 1990; 31:234-41.
39. Crawley WA, Dellon AL, Ryan JJ. Does Host Response determine the prognosis in scar carcinoma? Plast Reconstr Surg 1978; 62:407-14.
40. Czarnecki D, Nicholson I, Tait B, Nash C. HLA DR4 is associated with the development of multiple basal cell carcinomas and malignant melanoma. Dermatolgica 1993; 187:16-8.
41. Hayashi M, Tamura G, Kato N, Ansai S, Kondo S, Motoyama T. Genetic analysis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas arising from different areas. Path Inter 2003; 53:602-7.
42. Harland DL, RobinsonWA, FranklinWA. Deletion of the p53 gene in a patient with aggressive burn scar carcinoma. J Trauma 1997; 42:104-7.
43. Asuquo M, Ugare G, Ebughe G, Jibril P. Marjolin's ulcer: the importance of surgical management of chronic cutaneous ulcers. International Journal of Dermatology 2007; 46(Suppl. 2): 29 -32.
44. Onah II, Olaitan PB, Ogbonnaya IS, Onuigbo WI. Marjolin's ucler at a Nigerian hospital (1993- 2003). J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2006; 59(5):565-6.
45. Moller R, Reymann F, Hou-Jensen K. Metastases in dermatological patients with squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Dermatol 1979; 115: 703-5.
46. Dvorak HF. Tumors; wounds that do not heal. Similarities between tumor stroma generation and wound healing. N Engl J Med 1986; 315: 1650-7.
47. Lifeso RM, Bull CA. Squamous cell carcinoma of the extremities. Cancer 1985; 55:2862-7.
48. Copcu E, Aktas A, Sişman N, Oztan Y. Thirtyone cases of Marjolin's ulcer. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2003; 28(2):138-41.
49. Sabin SR, Goldstein G, Rosenthal HG, Haynes KK. Aggressive Squamous Cell Carcinoma Originating as a Marjolin's Ulcer. Dermatol Surg 2004; 30:229-230.
50. Ozek C, Celik N, Bilkay U, Akalin T, Erdem O, Cagdas A. Marjolin's ulcer of the scalp: Report of 5 cases and review of the literature. J Burn Care Rehabil. 2001; 22(1):65-9.
51. Liebau J, Pallua N. Scar carcinoma as a late complication after burns. Langenbecks Arch Chir. 1995; 380(3):158-61.
52. Love RL, Breidahl AF. Acute squamous cell carcinoma arising within a recent burn scar in a 14 year old boy. Plast Recon Surg 2000; 106: 1069-71.
53. Lawrence EA. Carcinoma arising in the scar of thermal burns: with special reference to the influence of the age at burn on the length of the induction period. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1952; 92:579-88.
54. Ozyazgan I, Kontaş O. Burn scar sarcoma. Burns. 1999; 25(5):455-8.
55. Fu YS, Gabbiani G. Malignant soft tissue tumors of probable histiocytic origin. Cancer 1975; 35:176.56.
56. Taxy JB, Battifora H. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Cancer 1977; 40:254.
57. Can Z, Yilmaz S, Riza A, Apaydin EI, Kuzu I. Sarcoma developing in a burn scar: case report and review of the literature. Burns. 1998; 24(1):68-71.
58. Giblin T, Pickrell K, Pitss W, and Armstrong D. Malignant degeneration in burn scars. Ann. Surg. 1965; 162, 291.
59. Rööser B, Willén H, Gustafson P, Alvegård TA, Rydholm A. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of soft tissue: a population- based epidemiologic and prognpstic study of 137 patients. Cancer. 1991; 67(2):499-505.
60. Yücel A, Yazar S, Demirkesen C, Durak H, Dervişoǧlu S, Altintaş M. An unusual long-term complication of burn injury: malignant fibbrous histiocytoma developed in chronic burn scar. Burns. 2000; 26(3):305-10.
61. Chow J, Sabet LM, Clark BL, Coire CI. Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma: case reports and review of the literature. Ann Plast Surg. 1987; 18(4):319-22.