Assessing the existing knowledge base and opinions of decision makers on the regulation and monitoring of unconventional gas mining in South Africa

Water International

Volumn 38, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 687-700

  Esterhuyse, Surina ^a   Kemp, Marthie ^a   Redelinghuys, Nola ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE   (South Africa)

Author keywords

gas; hydraulic fracturing; knowledge base; mining; monitoring; policy; regulation; South Africa; unconventional

Indexed keywords

EID: 84887048156     PISSN: 02508060     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2013.818478     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Australian National University. (2012). Unconventional gas production and water resources - lessons from the United States on better governance - a workshop for Australian government officials. Canberra: Crawford School of Public Policy.
2. Bishop, R. E. (2011). Chemical and biological risk assessment for natural gas extraction in New York (Draft Report). New York, NY: State University of New York, College at Oneonta.
3. Blignaut, J., & van Heerden, J. (2009). The impact of water scarcity on economic development initiatives. Water SA, 35(4), 415-420. Retrieved from Scielo South Africa: http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1816-79502009000400006&script=sci_arttext
4. Broderick, J., Anderson, K., Wood, R., Gilbert, P., & Sharmina, M. (2011). Shale gas: An updated assessment of environmental and climate change impacts. Retrieved from Tyndall Centre: http://www.tyndall.ac.uk/sites/default/files/coop_shale_gas_report_update_v3.10.pdf
5. Broomfield, M. (2012). Support to the identification of potential risks for the environment and human health arising from hydrocarbons operations involving hydraulic fracturing in Europe (Report No. ED57281-17). Retrieved from European Commission: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/integration/energy/pdf/fracking%20study.pdf
6. Coburn, M., Kozikowski, T., Lloyd, N., Meredith, B., Parnes, D., Reed, J., & Shah, R. (2011). Positives, negatives, uncertainty, and opinions on hydrofracturing in the Marcellus Shale. Retrieved from Allegany County Government Services and Information: http://www.gov.allconet.org/pr/FRACKING%20RESEARCH%20PAPER%20FINAL-5-27-11.pdf
7. Department of Energy. (2011). Integrated resource plan for electricity 2010-2030, Revision 2: Final Report. South Africa: Author.
8. Department of Mineral Resources. (2012). Report on investigation of hydraulic fracturing in the Karoo Basin of South Africa. South Africa: Author.
9. Department of Water Affairs. (2012a). National assembly: Question 468 for written reply. Retrieved from Department of Water Affairs: http://www.dwaf.gov.za/communications/Q&A/2012/NA%20468.pdf
10. Department of Water Affairs. (2012b). Proposed National Water Resource Strategy 2 (NWRS2) Summary - Managing water for an equitable and sustainable future. South Africa: Author.
11. Dusseault, M. B., Gray, M. N., & Nawrocki, P. (2000, November). Why oilwells leak: Cement behaviour and long-term consequences. Paper presented at the Society of Petroleum Engineers International Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Beijing, China.
12. Furlow, J. D., & Hays, J. R. (2012). Disclosure with protection of trade secrets comes to the hydraulic fracturing revolution. Texas Journal of Oil, Gas and Energy Law, 7, 289-355. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=df554bb4-f38b-44e7-8e9a-8c9c3fe00f3c%40sessionmgr15&vid=1&hid=26
13. Government Accountability Office. (2012a). Unconventional oil and gas development - key environmental and public health requirements. Washington, DC: United States Government Accountability Office.
14. Government Accountability Office. (2012b). Information on shale resources, development, and environmental and health risks. Washington, DC: United States Government Accountability Office.
15. Harris, M., & Fleetwood, S. (2012). Future energy report. Pretoria: Ipsos Markinor.
16. Havemann, L. (2011). A South African regulatory framework for fracking: is the cart being put before the horse? Mining Prospectus. Retrieved from http://www.havemanninc.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Mining-Prospectus-1.pdf
17. Havemann, L., Glazewski, J., & Brownlie, S. (2011). A critical review of the application for a Karoo gas exploration right by Shell Exploration Company B.V. Cape Town: Havemann Inc Specialist Energy Attorneys.
18. International Energy Agency. (2012). Golden rules for a golden age of gas. Paris: Author.
19. Kantor, P. (2011a). A cautious and risk-averse approach. De Rebus, 105, 32-34. Retrieved from http://www.myvirtualpaper.com/doc/derebus/de_rebus_december_2011/2011112401/34.html#34
20. Kantor, P. (2011b). A legal framework for the debate. Retrieved from http://www.sibergramme.co.za/blog/fracking-a-legal-framework-for-the-debate
21. Lechtenböhmer, S., Altman, M., Capito, S., Matra, Z., Weindrorf, W., & Zittel, W. (2011). Impacts of shale gas and shale oil extraction on the environment and on human health. (Report No. IP/A/ENVI/ST/2011-07). Policy Department (Economic and Scientific Policy). Retrieved from http://www.europarl.europa.eu/document/activities/cont/201107/20110715ATT24183/20110715ATT24183EN.pdf
22. Martin, B., & Fischer, R. (2012). The energy-water nexus: Energy demands on water resources. Retrieved from http://www.groundwork.org.za/ClimateHealthRoundtables/water-energy-nexus.pdf
23. National Planning Commission. (2012). National Development Plan 2030 Our Future - make it work. Retrieved from the South African National Planning Commission: http://www.npconline.co.za/MediaLib/Downloads/Downloads/NDP%202030%20-%20Our%20future%20-%20make%20it%20work.pdf
24. National Research Council. (2012a). Induced seismicity potential in energy technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
25. National Research Council. (2012b). Prepublication copy: Alternatives for managing the nation's complex contaminated groundwater sites. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
26. Nwokocha, C. O., Ugwu, D. U., Fagbenro, A. B., & Cookey, E. J. (2012). Environmental impacts of oil and gas production in Nigeria. Journal of Energy and Power Engineering, 6, 70-75. Retrieved from http://www.davidpublishing.com/davidpublishing/Upfile/2/16/2012/2012021605670340.pdf
27. Ohio Environmental Law Centre. (2012). Fracking litigation report. Vol 1. Filling in the structural cracks of fracking regulation. Retrieved from Ohio Environmental Law Centre: http://ohioenvirolawcenter.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/vol-1-filling-in-the-structural-cracks-of-fracking-regulation.pdf
28. Philippe & Partners. (2011). Final report on unconventional gas in Europe. Brussels: European Union.
29. Pless, J. (2012, June). Natural gas development and hydraulic fracturing - a policymaker's guide. Denver, CO: National Conference of State Legislatures.
30. Rahm, D. (2011). Regulating hydraulic fracturing in shale gas plays: The case of Texas. Energy Policy, 39, 2974-2981. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.03.009.
31. Rahm, B. G., & Riha, S. J. (2012). Towards strategic management of shale gas development: Regional, collective impacts on water resources. Environmental Science and Policy, 17, 12-23. doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2011.12.004.
32. Republic of South Africa. (1998). National Water Act No. 36 of 1998. South Africa: Author.
33. Republic of South Africa. (2002). Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act No. 28 of 2002. South Africa: Author.
34. Republic of South Africa. (2007). Astronomy Geographic Advantage Act No. 21 of 2007. South Africa: Author.
35. Sakmar, S. L. (2011). The global shale gas initiative: Will the United States be the role model for the development of shale gas around the world?. Houston Journal of International Law, 33(2), 369-416. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=5a81a0ce-96a7-4619-9f23-0eab41a6e10d%40sessionmgr4&vid=1&hid=26
36. Schreiner, B. (2012, November). Opening and Welcome address by Barbara Schreiner at the International Conference on Freshwater Governance. International Freshwater Governance Conference, Champagne Sports Resort, Drakensberg, South Africa.
37. Ten Kate, A. (2011). Royal Dutch Shell and its sustainability troubles. Background report to the Erratum of Shell's Annual Report 2010. Amsterdam: Milieudefensie.
38. Texas Legislature Online. (2011). House Bill 3328. Retrieved from: http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/BillLookup/Text.aspx?LegSess=82R&Bill=HB3328
39. United States Congress. (2009). Fracturing Responsibility and Awareness Act (H.R. 1084). Retrieved from The Library of Congress: http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d112:h.r.1084
40. USEPA. (2011a). EPA submits draft hydraulic fracturing study plan to independent scientists for review/the draft plan is open to public comment. Retrieved from United States Environmental Protection Agency: http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/d0cf6618525a9efb85257359003fb69d/26195e235a35cb3885257831005fd9cd!OpenDocument
41. USEPA. (2011b). Draft plan to study the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing on drinking water resources. (Report No. EPA/600/D-11/001/February 2011/www.epa.gov/research). Retrieved from United States Environmental Protection Agency: http://water.epa.gov/type/groundwater/uic/class2/hydraulicfracturing/upload/hf_study_plan_110211_final_508.pdf
42. Williams, J., Stubbs, T., & Milligan, A. (2012). An analysis of coal seam gas production and natural resource management in Australia. Canberra: John Williams Scientific Services Pty Ltd.
43. World Bank. (2012). South Africa fuel imports (% of merchandise imports) Retrieved from World Bank: http://search.worldbank.org/quickview?name=%3Cem%3EFuel%3C%2Fem%3E+imports+%28%25+of+merchandise+imports%29&id=TM.VAL.FUEL.ZS.UN&type=Indicators&cube_no=2&qterm=south+africa+fuel+import
44. Zoback, M., Kitasei, S., & Copithorne, B. (2010). Addressing the environmental risks from shale gas development (briefing paper 1). Washington, DC: Worldwatch Institute.