Identifying hidden sinks in growing populations from individual fates and movements: The feral horses of Sable Island

Journal of Wildlife Management

Volumn 77, Issue 8, 2013, Pages 1545-1552

  Contasti, Adrienne L ^a   Van Beest, Floris M ^a   Vander Wal, Eric ^b   McLoughlin, Philip D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE   (Canada)

Author keywords

apparent survival; demographic connectivity; density dependence; emigration; Equus ferus caballus; feral horse; immigration; Sable Island; source sink dynamics

Indexed keywords

CONNECTIVITY; CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT; DENSITY DEPENDENCE; DISPERSAL; FERAL ORGANISM; HORSE; IMMIGRATION; MOVEMENT; NATIONAL PARK; POPULATION CYCLE; POPULATION GROWTH; POPULATION SIZE; SOURCE-SINK DYNAMICS; SURVIVAL;

CANADA; NOVA SCOTIA; SABLE ISLAND;

EID: 84886837247     PISSN: 0022541X     EISSN: 19372817     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.625     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Amarasekare, P., 1994. Spatial population-structure in the banner-tailed kangaroo rat, Dipodomys-spectabilis. Oecologia 100: 166-176.
2. Atkinson, S., D. Garshelis, S. Stapleton, and, D. Hedman,. 2011. Western Hudson Bay polar bear annual survey. Final report. Government of Nunavut, Iqaluit, Canada.
3. Berger, J., 1986. Wild horses of the great basin: social competition and population size. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
4. Caswell, H., 2001. Matrix population models: construction, analysis, and interpretation. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
5. Christie, B. J., 1995. Horses of Sable Island. Pottersfield Press, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
6. Contasti, A. L., E. J. Tissier, J. F. Johnstone, and, P. D. McLoughlin,. 2012. Explaining spatial heterogeneity in population dynamics and genetics from spatial variation in resources for a large herbivore. PLoS ONE 7: e47858.
7. Delibes, M., P. Gaona, and, P. Ferreras,. 2001. Effects of an attractive sink leading into maladaptive habitat selection. American Naturalist 158: 277-285.
8. Dias, P. C., 1996. Sources and sinks in population biology. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 11: 326-330.
9. Donovan, T. M., F. R. Thompson III, J. Faaborg, and, J. R. Probst,. 1995. Reproductive success of migratory birds in habitat sources and sinks. Conservation Biology 9: 1380-1395.
10. Fretwell, D. S., and, H. L. Lucas,. 1969. On territorial behavior and other factors influencing habitat distribution in birds. Acta Biotheoretica 19: 16-32.
11. Grange, S., P. Duncan, and, J.-M. Gaillard,. 2009. Poor horse traders: large mammals trade survival for reproduction during the process of feralization. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 276: 1911-1919.
12. Gundersen, G., E. Johannesen, H. P. Andreassen, and, R. A. Ims,. 2001. Source-sink dynamics: how sinks affect demography of sources. Ecology Letters 4: 14-21.
13. Hanski, I., 2001. Population dynamic consequences of dispersal in local populations and in metapopulations. Oxford University Press, Helsinki, Finland.
14. Heitor, F., M. do Mar Oom, and, L. Vicente,. 2006. Social relationships in a herd of Sorraia horses Part II. Factors affecting affiliative relationships and sexual behaviours. Behavioural Processes 73: 231-239.
15. Kerbiriou, C., I. Le Viol, X. Bonnet, and, A. Robert,. 2012. Dynamics of a northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) population at the southern limit of its range in Europe. Population Ecology 54: 295-304.
16. Linklater, W. L., E. Z. Cameron, K. J. Stafford, and, C. J. Veltman, 2000. Social and spatial structure and range use by Kaimanawa wild horses (Equus caballus: Equidae). New Zealand Journal of Ecology 24: 139-152.
17. Lucas, Z. L., P. D. McLoughlin, D. W. Coltman, and, C. Barber,. 2009. Multiscale analysis reveals restricted gene flow and a linear gradient in heterozygosity for an island population of feral horses. Canadian Journal of Zoology 87: 310-316.
18. Mauritzen, M., A. E. Derocher, O. Wiig, S. E. Belikov, A. N. Boltunov, E. Hansen, and, G. W. Garner,. 2002. Using satellite telemetry to define spatial population structure in polar bears in the Norwegian and western Russian Arctic. Journal of Applied Ecology 39: 79-90.
19. McCoy, T. D., M. R. Ryan, E. W. Kurzejeski, and, L. W. Burger,. 1999. Conservation Reserve Program: source or sink habitat for grassland birds in Missouri ? Journal of Wildlife Management 63: 530-538.
20. McPeek, M. A., and, S. Kalisz,. 1993. Population sampling and bootstrapping in complex designs: demographic analysis. Chapman & Hall, New York, New York, USA.
21. Naranjo, E. J., and, R. E. Bodmer,. 2007. Source-sink systems and conservation of hunted ungulates in the Lacandon Forest, Mexico. Biological Conservation 138: 412-420.
22. Peery, M. Z., B. H. Becker, and, S. R. Beissinger,. 2006. Combining demographic and count-based approaches to identify source-sink dynamics of a threatened seabird. Ecological Applications 16: 1516-1528.
23. Prystupa, J. M., P. Hind, E. G. Cothran, and, Y. Plante,. 2012. Maternal lineages in native Canadian equine populations and their relationship to the Nordic and Mountain and Moorland pony breeds. Journal of Heredity 103: 380-390.
24. Pulliam, H., 1988. Sources, sinks, and population regulation. American Naturalist 132: 652-661.
25. Pulliam, H., J. B. Dunning, and, J. Liu,. 1992. Population-dynamics in complex landscapes-a case-study. Ecological Applications 2: 165-177.
26. R Development Core Team. 2012. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
27. Regehr, E. V., N. J. Lunn, S. C. Amstrup, and, L. Stirling,. 2007. Effects of earlier sea ice breakup on survival and population size of polar bears in western Hudson bay. Journal of Wildlife Management 71: 2673-2683.
28. Robinson, H. S., R. B. Wielgus, H. S. Cooley, and, S. W. Cooley,. 2008. Sink populations in carnivore management: cougar demography and immigration in a hunted population. Ecological Applications 18: 1028-1037.
29. Rubenstein, D. I., 1981. Behavioural ecology of island feral horses. Equine Veterinary Journal 13: 27-34.
30. Runge, J. P., M. C. Runge, and, J. D. Nichols,. 2006. The role of local populations within a landscape context: defining and classifying sources and sinks. American Naturalist 167: 925-938.
31. Saltz, D., and, D. I. Rubenstein,. 1995. Population dynamics of a reintroduced Asiatic wild ass (Equus hemionus) herd. Ecological Applications 5: 327-335.
32. Schwartz, C. C., M. A. Haroldson, and, G. C. White,. 2010. Hazards affecting grizzly bear survival in the Greater Yellowstone ecosystem. Journal of Wildlife Management 74: 654-667.
33. Thomas, C. D., and, W. E. Kunin,. 1999. The spatial structure of populations. Journal of Animal Ecology 68: 647-657.
34. Turgeon, K., and, D. L. Kramer,. 2012. Compensatory immigration depends on adjacent population size and habitat quality but not on landscape connectivity. Journal of Animal Ecology 81: 1161-1170.
35. van Groenendael, J., H. de Kroon, and, H. Caswell,. 1988. Projection matrices in population biology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 3: 263-269.
36. Van Horne, B., 1983. Density as a misleading indicator of habitat quality. Journal of Wildlife Management 47: 893-901.
37. Virgl, J. A., and, F. Messier,. 2000. Assessment of source-sink theory for predicting demographic rates among habitats that exhibit temporal changes in quality. Canadian Journal of Zoology 78: 1483-1493.
38. Watkinson, A. R., and, W. J. Sutherland,. 1995. Sources, sinks and pseudo-sinks. Journal of Animal Ecology 64: 126-130.