메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 201, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 1124-1135

Current classification and terminology of pediatric vascular anomalies

Author keywords

Classification; Hemangiomas; Pediatric imaging; Terminology; Vascular anomalies; Vascular malformations

Indexed keywords

PROPRANOLOL; STEROID; VINCRISTINE;

EID: 84886481922     PISSN: 0361803X     EISSN: 15463141     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2214/AJR.12.10517     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (68)

References (85)
  • 2
    • 0020041976 scopus 로고
    • Hemangiomas and vascular malformations in infants and children: A classification based on endothelial characteristics
    • Mulliken JB, Glowacki J. Hemangiomas and vascular malformations in infants and children: a classification based on endothelial characteristics. Plast Reconstr Surg 1982; 69:412-422
    • (1982) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.69 , pp. 412-422
    • Mulliken, J.B.1    Glowacki, J.2
  • 3
    • 0020161131 scopus 로고
    • Classification of pediatric vascular lesions
    • Mulliken JB, Glowacki J. Classification of pediatric vascular lesions. Plast Reconstr Surg 1982; 70:120-121
    • (1982) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.70 , pp. 120-121
    • Mulliken, J.B.1    Glowacki, J.2
  • 4
    • 2542482699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congenital hemangiomas and infantile hemangioma: Missing links
    • Mulliken JB, Enjolras O. Congenital hemangiomas and infantile hemangioma: missing links. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004; 50:875-882
    • (2004) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.50 , pp. 875-882
    • Mulliken, J.B.1    Enjolras, O.2
  • 5
    • 33745892386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification, diagnosis, and interventional radiologic management of vascular malformations
    • [vii-viii]
    • Legiehn GM, Heran MK. Classification, diagnosis, and interventional radiologic management of vascular malformations. Orthop Clin North Am 2006; 37:435-474 [vii-viii]
    • (2006) Orthop Clin North Am , vol.37 , pp. 435-474
    • Legiehn, G.M.1    Heran, M.K.2
  • 6
    • 0036532036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular birthmarks of infancy: Resolving nosologic confusion
    • Hand JL, Frieden IJ. Vascular birthmarks of infancy: resolving nosologic confusion. Am J Med Genet 2002; 108:257-264
    • (2002) Am J Med Genet , vol.108 , pp. 257-264
    • Hand, J.L.1    Frieden, I.J.2
  • 7
    • 30944455927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infantile hemangiomas: Current knowledge, future directions. Proceedings of a research workshop on infantile hemangiomas, April 7-9, 2005, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
    • Frieden IJ, Haggstrom AN, Drolet BA, et al. Infantile hemangiomas: current knowledge, future directions. Proceedings of a research workshop on infantile hemangiomas, April 7-9, 2005, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Pediatr Dermatol 2005; 22:383-406
    • (2005) Pediatr Dermatol , vol.22 , pp. 383-406
    • Frieden, I.J.1    Haggstrom, A.N.2    Drolet, B.A.3
  • 8
    • 84857490495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular malformations: Classification and terminology the radiologist needs to know
    • Lowe LH, Marchant TC, Rivard DC, Scherbel AJ. Vascular malformations: classification and terminology the radiologist needs to know. Semin Roentgenol 2012; 47:106-117
    • (2012) Semin Roentgenol , vol.47 , pp. 106-117
    • Lowe, L.H.1    Marchant, T.C.2    Rivard, D.C.3    Scherbel, A.J.4
  • 9
    • 0034059269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of deep venous anomalies in congenital vascular malformations of venous predominance
    • Eifert S, Villavicencio JL, Kao TC, Taute BM, Rich NM. Prevalence of deep venous anomalies in congenital vascular malformations of venous predominance. J Vasc Surg 2000; 31:462-471
    • (2000) J Vasc Surg , vol.31 , pp. 462-471
    • Eifert, S.1    Villavicencio, J.L.2    Kao, T.C.3    Taute, B.M.4    Rich, N.M.5
  • 10
    • 0035007197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A unique microvascular phenotype shared by juvenile hemangiomas and human placenta
    • North PE, Waner M, Mizeracki A, et al. A unique microvascular phenotype shared by juvenile hemangiomas and human placenta. Arch Dermatol 2001; 137:559-570
    • (2001) Arch Dermatol , vol.137 , pp. 559-570
    • North, P.E.1    Waner, M.2    Mizeracki, A.3
  • 11
    • 0036531996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, hemangiomas, and vascular malformations
    • Cohen MM Jr. Vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, hemangiomas, and vascular malformations. Am J Med Genet 2002; 108:265-274
    • (2002) Am J Med Genet , vol.108 , pp. 265-274
    • Cohen Jr., M.M.1
  • 13
    • 3042767837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infantile hemangioma is a proliferation of beta 4-negative endothelial cells adjacent to HLADR-positive cells with dendritic cell morphology
    • Nguyen VA, Furhapter C, Romani N, Weber F, Sepp N. Infantile hemangioma is a proliferation of beta 4-negative endothelial cells adjacent to HLADR-positive cells with dendritic cell morphology. Hum Pathol 2004; 35:739-744
    • (2004) Hum Pathol , vol.35 , pp. 739-744
    • Nguyen, V.A.1    Furhapter, C.2    Romani, N.3    Weber, F.4    Sepp, N.5
  • 14
    • 21744449141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating level of vascular endothelial growth factor in differentiating hemangioma from vascular malformation patients
    • Zhang L, Lin X, Wang W, et al. Circulating level of vascular endothelial growth factor in differentiating hemangioma from vascular malformation patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 2005; 116:200-204
    • (2005) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.116 , pp. 200-204
    • Zhang, L.1    Lin, X.2    Wang, W.3
  • 16
    • 0037188545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin-like growth factor 2 and potential regulators of hemangioma growth and involution identified by large-scale expression analysis
    • Ritter MR, Dorrell MI, Edmonds J, Friedlander SF, Friedlander M. Insulin-like growth factor 2 and potential regulators of hemangioma growth and involution identified by large-scale expression analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002; 99:7455-7460
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.99 , pp. 7455-7460
    • Ritter, M.R.1    Dorrell, M.I.2    Edmonds, J.3    Friedlander, S.F.4    Friedlander, M.5
  • 17
    • 67651146683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current theories on the pathogenesis of infantile hemangioma
    • Lo K, Mihm M, Fay A. Current theories on the pathogenesis of infantile hemangioma. Semin Ophthalmol 2009; 24:172-177
    • (2009) Semin Ophthalmol , vol.24 , pp. 172-177
    • Lo, K.1    Mihm, M.2    Fay, A.3
  • 18
    • 33747626885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesenchymal stem cells and adipogenesis in hemangioma involution
    • Yu Y, Fuhr J, Boye E, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells and adipogenesis in hemangioma involution. Stem Cells 2006; 24:1605-1612
    • (2006) Stem Cells , vol.24 , pp. 1605-1612
    • Yu, Y.1    Fuhr, J.2    Boye, E.3
  • 19
    • 0033972087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GLUT1: A newly discovered immunohistochemical marker for juvenile hemangiomas
    • North PE, Waner M, Mizeracki A, Mihm MC Jr. GLUT1: a newly discovered immunohistochemical marker for juvenile hemangiomas. Hum Pathol 2000; 31:11-22
    • (2000) Hum Pathol , vol.31 , pp. 11-22
    • North, P.E.1    Waner, M.2    Mizeracki, A.3    Mihm Jr., M.C.4
  • 20
    • 30944437208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent progress in our understanding of the pathogenesis of infantile hemangiomas
    • Friedlander SF, Ritter MR, Friedlander M. Recent progress in our understanding of the pathogenesis of infantile hemangiomas. Lymphat Res Biol 2005; 3:219-225
    • (2005) Lymphat Res Biol , vol.3 , pp. 219-225
    • Friedlander, S.F.1    Ritter, M.R.2    Friedlander, M.3
  • 21
    • 0036159440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatic mutation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors in juvenile hemangioma
    • Walter JW, North PE, Waner M, et al. Somatic mutation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors in juvenile hemangioma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2002; 33:295-303
    • (2002) Genes Chromosomes Cancer , vol.33 , pp. 295-303
    • Walter, J.W.1    North, P.E.2    Waner, M.3
  • 23
  • 24
    • 33645032584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of infantile hemangiomas: New clues to hemangioma pathogenesis and embryonic facial development
    • Haggstrom AN, Lammer EJ, Schneider RA, Marcucio R, Frieden IJ. Patterns of infantile hemangiomas: new clues to hemangioma pathogenesis and embryonic facial development. Pediatrics 2006; 117:698-703
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.117 , pp. 698-703
    • Haggstrom, A.N.1    Lammer, E.J.2    Schneider, R.A.3    Marcucio, R.4    Frieden, I.J.5
  • 26
    • 84989996421 scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous hemangiomas in premature and mature infants
    • Holmdahl K. Cutaneous hemangiomas in premature and mature infants. Acta Paediatr 1955; 44:370-379
    • (1955) Acta Paediatr , vol.44 , pp. 370-379
    • Holmdahl, K.1
  • 28
    • 0036900838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemangiomas of infancy: Clinical characteristics, morphologic subtypes, and their relationship to race, ethnicity, and sex
    • Chiller KG, Passaro D, Frieden IJ. Hemangiomas of infancy: clinical characteristics, morphologic subtypes, and their relationship to race, ethnicity, and sex. Arch Dermatol 2002; 138:1567-1576
    • (2002) Arch Dermatol , vol.138 , pp. 1567-1576
    • Chiller, K.G.1    Passaro, D.2    Frieden, I.J.3
  • 29
    • 0033993971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular malformations and hemangiomas: A practical approach in a multidisciplinary clinic
    • Donnelly LF, Adams DM, Bisset GS 3rd. Vascular malformations and hemangiomas: a practical approach in a multidisciplinary clinic. AJR 2000; 174:597-608
    • (2000) AJR , vol.174 , pp. 597-608
    • Donnelly, L.F.1    Adams, D.M.2    Bisset III, G.S.3
  • 30
    • 34247324822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraosseous "hemangiomas" are malformations and not tumors. (Letter)
    • author reply, 1950
    • Greene AK, Rogers GF, Mulliken JB. Intraosseous "hemangiomas" are malformations and not tumors. (letter) Plast Reconstr Surg 2007; 119:1949-1950; author reply, 1950
    • (2007) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.119 , pp. 1949-1950
    • Greene, A.K.1    Rogers, G.F.2    Mulliken, J.B.3
  • 31
    • 59849122600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular lesions of bone in children, adolescents, and young adults: A clinicopathologic reappraisal and application of the ISSVA classification
    • Bruder E, Perez-Atayde AR, Jundt G, et al. Vascular lesions of bone in children, adolescents, and young adults: a clinicopathologic reappraisal and application of the ISSVA classification. Virchows Arch 2009; 454:161-179
    • (2009) Virchows Arch , vol.454 , pp. 161-179
    • Bruder, E.1    Perez-Atayde, A.R.2    Jundt, G.3
  • 32
    • 44849108196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiological reasoning: Multiple hepatic masses in an infant
    • Rivard DC, Lowe LH. Radiological reasoning: multiple hepatic masses in an infant. AJR 2008; 190(6 suppl):S46-S52
    • (2008) AJR , vol.190 , Issue.6 SUPPL.
    • Rivard, D.C.1    Lowe, L.H.2
  • 33
    • 35649009327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid abnormalities in infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma
    • Kalpatthi R, Germak J, Mizelle K, Yeager N. Thyroid abnormalities in infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007; 49:1021-1024
    • (2007) Pediatr Blood Cancer , vol.49 , pp. 1021-1024
    • Kalpatthi, R.1    Germak, J.2    Mizelle, K.3    Yeager, N.4
  • 34
    • 1442329923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infantile hepatic hemangiomas: Clinical and imaging findings and their correlation with therapy
    • Kassarjian A, Zurakowski D, Dubois J, Paltiel HJ, Fishman SJ, Burrows PE. Infantile hepatic hemangiomas: clinical and imaging findings and their correlation with therapy. AJR 2004; 182:785-795
    • (2004) AJR , vol.182 , pp. 785-795
    • Kassarjian, A.1    Zurakowski, D.2    Dubois, J.3    Paltiel, H.J.4    Fishman, S.J.5    Burrows, P.E.6
  • 35
    • 31144466800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consumptive hypothyroidism caused by paraneoplastic production of type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase
    • Ruppe MD, Huang SA, Jan de Beur SM. Consumptive hypothyroidism caused by paraneoplastic production of type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase. Thyroid 2005; 15:1369-1372
    • (2005) Thyroid , vol.15 , pp. 1369-1372
    • Ruppe, M.D.1    Huang, S.A.2    Jan De Beur, S.M.3
  • 36
    • 0030701564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombocytopenic coagulopathy (Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon) is associated with Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and not with common infantile hemangioma
    • Sarkar M, Mulliken JB, Kozakewich HP, Robertson RL, Burrows PE. Thrombocytopenic coagulopathy (Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon) is associated with Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and not with common infantile hemangioma. Plast Reconstr Surg 1997; 100:1377-1386
    • (1997) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.100 , pp. 1377-1386
    • Sarkar, M.1    Mulliken, J.B.2    Kozakewich, H.P.3    Robertson, R.L.4    Burrows, P.E.5
  • 40
    • 33644670173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congenital hemangiomas: Rapidly involuting and noninvoluting congenital hemangiomas
    • Krol A, MacArthur CJ. Congenital hemangiomas: rapidly involuting and noninvoluting congenital hemangiomas. Arch Facial Plast Surg 2005; 7:307-311
    • (2005) Arch Facial Plast Surg , vol.7 , pp. 307-311
    • Krol, A.1    MacArthur, C.J.2
  • 41
    • 29244474960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging characteristics of two subtypes of congenital hemangiomas: Rapidly involuting congenital hemangiomas and non-involuting congenital hemangiomas
    • Gorincour G, Kokta V, Rypens F, Garel L, Powell J, Dubois J. Imaging characteristics of two subtypes of congenital hemangiomas: rapidly involuting congenital hemangiomas and non-involuting congenital hemangiomas. Pediatr Radiol 2005; 35:1178-1185
    • (2005) Pediatr Radiol , vol.35 , pp. 1178-1185
    • Gorincour, G.1    Kokta, V.2    Rypens, F.3    Garel, L.4    Powell, J.5    Dubois, J.6
  • 42
    • 0036188888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal diagnosis of vascular anomalies
    • Marler JJ, Fishman SJ, Upton J, et al. Prenatal diagnosis of vascular anomalies. J Pediatr Surg 2002; 37:318-326
    • (2002) J Pediatr Surg , vol.37 , pp. 318-326
    • Marler, J.J.1    Fishman, S.J.2    Upton, J.3
  • 43
    • 0036121650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sonographic findings in a series of rapidly involuting congenital hemangiomas (RICH)
    • Rogers M, Lam A, Fischer G. Sonographic findings in a series of rapidly involuting congenital hemangiomas (RICH). Pediatr Dermatol 2002; 19:5-11
    • (2002) Pediatr Dermatol , vol.19 , pp. 5-11
    • Rogers, M.1    Lam, A.2    Fischer, G.3
  • 44
    • 0346362340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma: Clinical and histopathologic features
    • Berenguer B, Mulliken JB, Enjolras O, et al. Rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma: clinical and histopathologic features. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2003; 6:495-510
    • (2003) Pediatr Dev Pathol , vol.6 , pp. 495-510
    • Berenguer, B.1    Mulliken, J.B.2    Enjolras, O.3
  • 45
    • 0029921627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congenital hemangioma: Evidence of accelerated involution
    • Boon LM, Enjolras O, Mulliken JB. Congenital hemangioma: evidence of accelerated involution. J Pediatr 1996; 128:329-335
    • (1996) J Pediatr , vol.128 , pp. 329-335
    • Boon, L.M.1    Enjolras, O.2    Mulliken, J.B.3
  • 46
    • 33644668941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giant rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma of the face: 15-year follow-up
    • Lopez-Gutierrez JC, Diaz M, Ros Z. Giant rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma of the face: 15-year follow-up. Arch Facial Plast Surg 2005; 7:316-318
    • (2005) Arch Facial Plast Surg , vol.7 , pp. 316-318
    • Lopez-Gutierrez, J.C.1    Diaz, M.2    Ros, Z.3
  • 47
    • 2342593354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: A study of 33 cases emphasizing its pathologic, immunophenotypic, and biologic uniqueness from juvenile hemangioma
    • Lyons LL, North PE, Mac-Moune Lai F, Stoler MH, Folpe AL, Weiss SW. Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: a study of 33 cases emphasizing its pathologic, immunophenotypic, and biologic uniqueness from juvenile hemangioma. Am J Surg Pathol 2004; 28:559-568
    • (2004) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.28 , pp. 559-568
    • Lyons, L.L.1    North, P.E.2    Mac-Moune Lai, F.3    Stoler, M.H.4    Folpe, A.L.5    Weiss, S.W.6
  • 49
    • 0030735691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: An aggressive, locally invasive vascular tumor that can mimic hemangioma of infancy
    • Vin-Christian K, McCalmont TH, Frieden IJ. Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: an aggressive, locally invasive vascular tumor that can mimic hemangioma of infancy. Arch Dermatol 1997; 133:1573-1578
    • (1997) Arch Dermatol , vol.133 , pp. 1573-1578
    • Vin-Christian, K.1    McCalmont, T.H.2    Frieden, I.J.3
  • 50
    • 0027411904 scopus 로고
    • Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma of infancy and childhood: An aggressive neoplasm associated with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome and lymphangiomatosis
    • Zukerberg LR, Nickoloff BJ, Weiss SW. Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma of infancy and childhood: an aggressive neoplasm associated with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome and lymphangiomatosis. Am J Surg Pathol 1993; 17:321-328
    • (1993) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.17 , pp. 321-328
    • Zukerberg, L.R.1    Nickoloff, B.J.2    Weiss, S.W.3
  • 51
    • 33749065818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple cutaneous infantile hemangiomas associated with hepatic angiosarcoma: Case report and review of the literature
    • Nord KM, Kandel J, Lefkowitch JH, et al. Multiple cutaneous infantile hemangiomas associated with hepatic angiosarcoma: case report and review of the literature. Pediatrics 2006; 118:e907-e913
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.118
    • Nord, K.M.1    Kandel, J.2    Lefkowitch, J.H.3
  • 52
    • 78650862492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pediatric cutaneous angiosarcomas: A clinicopathologic study of 10 cases
    • Deyrup AT, Miettinen M, North PE, et al. Pediatric cutaneous angiosarcomas: a clinicopathologic study of 10 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2011; 35:70-75
    • (2011) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.35 , pp. 70-75
    • Deyrup, A.T.1    Miettinen, M.2    North, P.E.3
  • 53
    • 49149095888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Venous malformations: Classification, development, diagnosis, and interventional radiologic management
    • [vi]
    • Legiehn GM, Heran MK. Venous malformations: classification, development, diagnosis, and interventional radiologic management. Radiol Clin North Am 2008; 46:545-597 [vi]
    • (2008) Radiol Clin North Am , vol.46 , pp. 545-597
    • Legiehn, G.M.1    Heran, M.K.2
  • 54
    • 0020557171 scopus 로고
    • Childhood hemangiomas and vascular malformations: Angiographic differentiation
    • Burrows PE, Mulliken JB, Fellows KE, Strand RD. Childhood hemangiomas and vascular malformations: angiographic differentiation. AJR 1983; 141:483-488
    • (1983) AJR , vol.141 , pp. 483-488
    • Burrows, P.E.1    Mulliken, J.B.2    Fellows, K.E.3    Strand, R.D.4
  • 56
    • 7844234376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation and treatment of head and neck venous vascular malformations
    • 918-922
    • Pappas DC Jr, Persky MS, Berenstein A. Evaluation and treatment of head and neck venous vascular malformations. Ear Nose Throat J 1998; 77:914-916, 918-922
    • (1998) Ear Nose Throat J , vol.77 , pp. 914-916
    • Pappas Jr., D.C.1    Persky, M.S.2    Berenstein, A.3
  • 59
    • 84872512289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Syndromes associated with vascular tumors and malformations: A pictorial review
    • Nozaki T, Nosaka S, Miyazaki O, et al. Syndromes associated with vascular tumors and malformations: a pictorial review. RadioGraphics 2013; 33:175-195
    • (2013) RadioGraphics , vol.33 , pp. 175-195
    • Nozaki, T.1    Nosaka, S.2    Miyazaki, O.3
  • 60
    • 77958028527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LUMBAR: Association between cutaneous infantile hemangiomas of the lower body and regional congenital anomalies
    • Iacobas I, Burrows PE, Frieden IJ, et al. LUMBAR: association between cutaneous infantile hemangiomas of the lower body and regional congenital anomalies. J Pediatr 2010; 157:795-801
    • (2010) J Pediatr , vol.157 , pp. 795-801
    • Iacobas, I.1    Burrows, P.E.2    Frieden, I.J.3
  • 61
    • 0018197648 scopus 로고
    • Vascular and nonvascular intracranial malformation associated with external capillary hemangiomas
    • Pascual-Castroviejo I. Vascular and nonvascular intracranial malformation associated with external capillary hemangiomas. Neuroradiology 1978; 16:82-84
    • (1978) Neuroradiology , vol.16 , pp. 82-84
    • Pascual-Castroviejo, I.1
  • 62
    • 42449090568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PHACES association: A neuroradiologic review of 17 patients
    • Oza VS, Wang E, Berenstein A, et al. PHACES association: a neuroradiologic review of 17 patients. AJNR 2008; 29:807-813
    • (2008) AJNR , vol.29 , pp. 807-813
    • Oza, V.S.1    Wang, E.2    Berenstein, A.3
  • 63
    • 79960320111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presentation, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of the neurological features of Sturge-Weber syndrome
    • Comi AM. Presentation, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of the neurological features of Sturge-Weber syndrome. Neurologist 2011; 17: 179-184
    • (2011) Neurologist , vol.17 , pp. 179-184
    • Comi, A.M.1
  • 67
    • 33646851233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sturge-Weber syndrome: A case study
    • Welty LD. Sturge-Weber syndrome: a case study. Neonatal Netw 2006; 25:89-98
    • (2006) Neonatal Netw , vol.25 , pp. 89-98
    • Welty, L.D.1
  • 68
    • 38549166199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: Diagnostic criteria and hypothesis on etiology
    • Oduber CE, van der Horst CM, Hennekam RC. Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: diagnostic criteria and hypothesis on etiology. Ann Plast Surg 2008; 60:217-223
    • (2008) Ann Plast Surg , vol.60 , pp. 217-223
    • Oduber, C.E.1    Van Der Horst, C.M.2    Hennekam, R.C.3
  • 69
    • 0028434390 scopus 로고
    • Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome: Literature review and case report
    • Huang WJ, Creath CJ. Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome: literature review and case report. Pediatr Dent 1994; 16:231-235
    • (1994) Pediatr Dent , vol.16 , pp. 231-235
    • Huang, W.J.1    Creath, C.J.2
  • 71
    • 0031180037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Klippel-Trenaunay and Parkes-Weber syndromes
    • Roebuck DJ. Klippel-Trenaunay and Parkes-Weber syndromes. AJR 1997; 169:311-312
    • (1997) AJR , vol.169 , pp. 311-312
    • Roebuck, D.J.1
  • 72
    • 8344229923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parkes Weber or Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome? Non-invasive diagnosis with MR projection angiography
    • Ziyeh S, Spreer J, Rossler J, et al. Parkes Weber or Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome? Non-invasive diagnosis with MR projection angiography. Eur Radiol 2004; 14:2025-2029
    • (2004) Eur Radiol , vol.14 , pp. 2025-2029
    • Ziyeh, S.1    Spreer, J.2    Rossler, J.3
  • 74
    • 2342477250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Venous malformations in blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: Variable onset of presentation
    • Nahm WK, Moise S, Eichenfield LF, et al. Venous malformations in blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: variable onset of presentation. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004; 50(5 supp):S101-S106
    • (2004) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.50 , Issue.5 SUPPL.
    • Nahm, W.K.1    Moise, S.2    Eichenfield, L.F.3
  • 75
    • 0041853027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: A clinical spectrum with correlation between cutaneous and gastrointestinal manifestations
    • Wong CH, Tan YM, Chow WC, Tan PH, Wong WK. Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: a clinical spectrum with correlation between cutaneous and gastrointestinal manifestations. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003; 18:1000-1002
    • (2003) J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.18 , pp. 1000-1002
    • Wong, C.H.1    Tan, Y.M.2    Chow, W.C.3    Tan, P.H.4    Wong, W.K.5
  • 76
    • 0141631583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging characteristics of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome
    • Kassarjian A, Fishman SJ, Fox VL, Burrows PE. Imaging characteristics of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. AJR 2003; 181:1041-1048
    • (2003) AJR , vol.181 , pp. 1041-1048
    • Kassarjian, A.1    Fishman, S.J.2    Fox, V.L.3    Burrows, P.E.4
  • 77
    • 84860389181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mosaic activating mutation in AKT1 associated with the Proteus syndrome
    • Lindhurst MJ, Sapp JC, Teer JK, et al. A mosaic activating mutation in AKT1 associated with the Proteus syndrome. N Engl J Med 2011; 365:611-619
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.365 , pp. 611-619
    • Lindhurst, M.J.1    Sapp, J.C.2    Teer, J.K.3
  • 78
    • 34548839377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The spectrum of vascular anomalies in patients with PTEN mutations: Implications for diagnosis and management
    • Tan WH, Baris HN, Burrows PE, et al. The spectrum of vascular anomalies in patients with PTEN mutations: implications for diagnosis and management. J Med Genet 2007; 44:594-602
    • (2007) J Med Genet , vol.44 , pp. 594-602
    • Tan, W.H.1    Baris, H.N.2    Burrows, P.E.3
  • 79
    • 0032913743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteus syndrome: Diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, and patient evaluation
    • Biesecker LG, Happle R, Mulliken JB, et al. Proteus syndrome: diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, and patient evaluation. Am J Med Genet 1999; 84:389-395
    • (1999) Am J Med Genet , vol.84 , pp. 389-395
    • Biesecker, L.G.1    Happle, R.2    Mulliken, J.B.3
  • 80
    • 84863186322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case of Proteus syndrome with severe spinal canal stenosis, scoliosis, and thoracic deformity associated with tethered cord
    • Yamamoto A, Kikuchi Y, Yuzurihara M, Kubota M, O'Uchi T. A case of Proteus syndrome with severe spinal canal stenosis, scoliosis, and thoracic deformity associated with tethered cord. Japanese J Radiol 2012; 30:336-339
    • (2012) Japanese J Radiol , vol.30 , pp. 336-339
    • Yamamoto, A.1    Kikuchi, Y.2    Yuzurihara, M.3    Kubota, M.4    O'Uchi, T.5
  • 81
    • 33644877408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gorham's disease or massive osteolysis
    • Patel DV. Gorham's disease or massive osteolysis. Clin Med Res 2005; 3:65-74
    • (2005) Clin Med Res , vol.3 , pp. 65-74
    • Patel, D.V.1
  • 83
    • 79960845756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: An overview of diagnosis, management, and pathogenesis
    • McDonald J, Bayrak-Toydemir P, Pyeritz RE. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: an overview of diagnosis, management, and pathogenesis. Genet Med 2011; 13:607-616
    • (2011) Genet Med , vol.13 , pp. 607-616
    • McDonald, J.1    Bayrak-Toydemir, P.2    Pyeritz, R.E.3
  • 84
    • 0034989560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wyburn-Mason or Bonnet-Dechaume-Blanc as cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndromes (CAMS): A new concept and a new classification
    • Bhattacharya JJ, Luo CB, Suh DC, Alvarez H, Rodesch G, Lasjaunias P. Wyburn-Mason or Bonnet-Dechaume-Blanc as cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndromes (CAMS): a new concept and a new classification. Interv Neuroradiol 2001; 7:5-17
    • (2001) Interv Neuroradiol , vol.7 , pp. 5-17
    • Bhattacharya, J.J.1    Luo, C.B.2    Suh, D.C.3    Alvarez, H.4    Rodesch, G.5    Lasjaunias, P.6
  • 85
    • 56249141846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cobb syndrome: A case report and systematic review of the literature
    • Clark MT, Brooks EL, Chong W, Pappas C, Fahey M. Cobb syndrome: a case report and systematic review of the literature. Pediatr Neurol 2008; 39:423-425
    • (2008) Pediatr Neurol , vol.39 , pp. 423-425
    • Clark, M.T.1    Brooks, E.L.2    Chong, W.3    Pappas, C.4    Fahey, M.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.