Towards a Comprehensive, Causal and Explanatory Neuroscience Model of Anorexia Nervosa

Eating Disorders and the Brain

Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 164-179

  Nunn, Kenneth ^a,b   Lask, Bryan ^c,d,e   Frampton, Ian ^c,f  

^a CHILDREN S HOSPITAL AT WESTMEAD   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^c ULLEVÅL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

^d Ellern Mede Service for Eating Disorders   (United Kingdom)

^e GREAT ORMOND STREET HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^f UNIVERSITY OF EXETER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Aetiology and maintenance of AN; AN complexity, any explanatory model being multifaceted; Anorexia nervosa (AN) phenomenology and maintenance; Comprehensive, causal and explanatory neuroscience model of anorexia nervosa; Consequent body image distortion body focused anxiety, and intense dieting; Impaired neuroplasticity nervous system capacity, in modifying its organisation; Neuropsychological interventions cognitive remediation therapy (CRT), and cognitive deficits; Noradrenergic genetic profile neurotransmitter systems in AN, and serotonergic mechanisms; Season of birth (SoB), risk factors for AN findings, of a spring SoB bias; Specific genetic profile, neurobiological substrate context, of specific sociocultural influences

Indexed keywords

EID: 84886068785     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9781119998402.ch8     Document Type: Chapter

References (43)

1. Treasure, J., Claudino, A. and Zucker, N. (2010) Eating disorders. Lancet, 375, 583-593.
2. Kaye, W., Frank, G., Bailer, U. et al. (2005) Serotonin alterations in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa-new insights from imaging studies. Physiological Behaviour, 85, 73-81.
3. Pinheiro, A., Root, T. and Bulik, C. (2009) The genetics of anorexia nervosa: current findings and future perspectives. International Journal of Child and Adolescent Health, 2, 153-164.
4. Urwin, R., Bennets, B., Wilcken, B. et al. (2002) Anorexia nervosa (restrictive subtype) is associated with a polymorphism in the novel norepinephrine transporter gene promoter polymorphic region. Molecular Psychiatry, 7, 652-657.
5. Urwin, R., Bennets, B., Wilcken, B. et al. (2003) Investigation of epistasis between the serotonin transporter and norepinephrine transporter genes in anorexia nervosa. Neuropsy-chopharmacology, 28, 1351-1355.
6. Urwin, R. and Nunn, K. (2005) Epistatic interaction between the monoamine oxidase A and serotonin transporter genes in anorexia nervosa. European Journal of Human Genetics, 13, 370-375.
7. Frisch, A., Laufer, N., Danziger, Y. et al. (2001) Association of anorexia nervosa with the high activity allele of the COMT gene: a family-based study in Israeli patients. Molecular Psychiatry, 6 (2), 243-245.
8. Funke, B., Malhotra, A.K., Finn, C.T. et al. (2005) COMT genetic variation confers risk for psychotic and affective disorders: a case control study. Behavioral and Brain Functions, 1, 19.
9. Winje, E., Willoughby, K. and Lask, B. (2008) Season of birth bias in eating disorders: fact or fiction? International Journal of Eating disorders, 41 (6), 479-490.
10. Davis, G.E. and Lowell, W.E. (2006) Solar cycles and their relationship to human disease and adaptability. Medical Hypotheses, 67, 447-461.
11. Yang, C., Kim, H., Seo, H. et al. (1998) Paired like homeodomain proteins, Phox 2a and Phox 2b, are responsible for noradrenergic cell-specific transcription of the dopamine 41-hydroxylase gene. Journal of Neurochemistry, 103, 1813-1826.
12. Hultman, C.M., Ohman, A., Cnattingius, S. et al. (1997) Prenatal and neonatal risk factors for schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 170, 128-133.
13. Favaro, A., Tenconi, E. and Santonastaso, P. (2006) Perinatal factors and the risk of developing anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63, 82-88.
14. Bremner, J., Krystal, J., Southwick, S. and Charney, D. (1996) Noradrenergic mechanisms in stress and anxiety: II. Clinical studies Synapse, 23, 39-51.
15. Mitchell, D.A., Lambert, G., Secher, N.H. et al. (2009) Jugular venous overflow of nora-drenaline from the brain: a neurochemical indicator of cerebrovascular sympathetic nerve activity in humans. Journal of Physiology, 587 (11), 2589-2597.
16. Marzo, A., Bai, J. and Otani, S. (2009) Neuroplasticity regulation by noradrenaline in mammalian brain. Current Neuropharmacology, 7, 286-295.
17. Frampton, I., Watkins, E., Gordon, I. and Lask, B. (2010) Do abnormalities in regional cerebral blood flow in anorexia nervosa resolve after weight restoration? European Eating Disorders Review (Article first published online: 7 Oct 2010).
18. Ture, U., Yasargil, M.G., Al Mefty, O. and Yasargil, D.C.H. (2000) Arteries of the insula. Journal of Neurosurgery, 92, 676-687.
19. Edvinsson, L. and Hamel, E. (2002) Perivascular nerves in brain vessels, in Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2nd edn (eds L. Edvinsson and D.N. Krause), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, pp. 43-67.
20. Hamel, E. (2006) Perivascular nerves and the regulation of cerebrovascular tone. Journal of Applied Physiology, 100, 1059-1064.
21. Gordon, I., Lask, B., Bryant-Waugh, R. et al. (1997) Anorexia nervosa in children: evidence of a primary limbic abnormality. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 22, 159-165.
22. Chowdhury, U., Gordon, I., Lask, B. et al. (2003) Early onset anorexia nervosa: evidence of limbic system imbalance. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 33, 388-396.
23. Frampton, I., Nunn, K., Fuglset, T. and Lask, B. (2010) The neurobiology of anorexia nervosa. Material presented at Plenary Session of Eating Disorders Research Society 2010, Cambridge, MA, paper in preparation.
24. Nunn, K., Gordon, I., Frampton, I. et al. (2008) Anorexia nervosa: the fault is not in her parents but in the insula. European Eating Disorders Review, 16, 355-360.
25. Nunn, K., Frampton, I., Fugslet, T. et al. (2010) Anorexia nervosa and the insula. Medical Hypotheses, in press.
26. Naidich, T.P., Kang, E., Fatterpekar, G.M. et al. (2004) The insula: anatomic study and MR imaging display at 1.5 T. American Journal of Neuroradiology, 25, 222-232.
27. Dronkers, N.F. (1996) A new brain region for coordinating speech articulation. Nature, 384, 159-161.
28. Dronkers, N.F., Wilkins, D.P., Van Valin, R.D. et al. (2004) Lesion analysis of the brain areas involved in language comprehension. Cognition, 92, 145-177.
29. Damasio, A. (1999) The Feeling of What Happens: Body, Emotion and the Making of Consciousness, Heinemann, London.
30. Sisk, C. and Foster, D. (2004) The neural basis of puberty and adolescence. Nature Neuroscience, 7, 1040-1047.
31. Tchanturia, K., Davies, H., Lopez, C. et al. (2008) Neuropsychological task performance before and after cognitive remediation in anorexia nervosa: a pilot case series. Psychological Medicine, 38 (9), 1371-1373.
32. Damasio, A. (2010) Self Comes to Mind: Constructing the Conscious Brain, Pantheon Books, New York, NB.
33. Fawcett, J. (1995) Analysis and Evaluation of Conceptual Models of Nursing, F. A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, PA.
34. Kaye, W., Frank, G. and McConaha, C. (1999) Altered dopamine activity after recovery from restricting-type anorexia nervosa. Neuropsychopharmacology, 21, 503-506.
35. Treasure, J., Macare, C., Mentxaka, I. and Harrison, A. (2010) The use of a vodcast to support eating and reduce anxiety in people with eating disorder: a case series. European Eating Disorders Review, 18, 515-521.
36. Gu, Q. (2002) Neuromodulatory transmitter systems in the cortex and their role in cortical plasticity. Neuroscience, 111, 815-835.
37. Brewerton, T., Frampton, I. and Lask, B. (2009) The neurobiology of anorexia nervosa. US Psychiatry, 2, 57-60.
38. Shelley, B. and Trimble, M. (2004) The insular lobe of Reil: its anatamico-functional, behavioural and neuropsychiatric attributes in humans: a review. World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 5, 176-200.
39. Tanner, J. and Preece, M (eds) (1989) The Physiology of Human Growth, Society for the Study of Human Biology Symposium, Vol. 29, ambridge University Press, Cambridge (England), New York.
40. Tanner, J.M., Whitehouse, R.H. and Takaishi, M. (1966) Standards from birth to maturity for height, weight, height velocity, and weight velocity: British children, 1965. I. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 41 (219), 454-471.
41. Shaw, P., Kabani, N., Lerch, J. et al. (2008) Neurodevelopmental trajectories of the human cerebral cortex. The Journal of Neuroscience, 28, 3586-3594.
42. Hart, M., Wilkins, B., Sibbritt, D. et al. (2010) Tyrosine repletion in young people with anorexia nervosa. Current PhD study at the University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
43. Caria, A., Veit, R., Sitaram, R. et al. (2007) Regulation of anterior insular cortex activity using real-time fMRI. NeuroImage, 35 (3), 1238-1246.