Vulnerability, risk, and mitigation assessment of water distribution systems for insufficient fire flows

Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management

Volumn 139, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 593-603

  Kanta, Lufthansa ^a   Brumbelow, Kelly ^a  

^a Texas AandM University   (United States)

Author keywords

Benefit cost risk reduction analysis; Dynamic programming optimization; Fireflow; Mitigation; Pressure driven nodal demand analysis with EPANet 2.0; Risk analysis; Vulnerability; Water distribution system

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHMS; COST REDUCTION; DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING; OPTIMIZATION; RISK ANALYSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK PERCEPTION; WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS;

FIREFLOW; MITIGATION; NODAL DEMANDS; RISK REDUCTIONS; VULNERABILITY;

COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS;

ALGORITHM; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM; FAILURE ANALYSIS; OPTIMIZATION; RISK ASSESSMENT; VULNERABILITY; WATER MANAGEMENT;

EID: 84886047871     PISSN: 07339496     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000281     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Al-Zahrani, M. A., and Moied, K. (2001). "Locating optimum water quality monitoring stations in water distribution system." Proc., World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, ASCE, Reston, VA.
2. American Lifelines Alliance. (2005). "Seismic guidelines for water pipelines." G&E Rep. 80.01.01, G&E Engineering Systems, Oakland, CA.
3. American Water Works Association (AWWA). (1998). AWWA manual M31-Distribution system requirements for fire protection, AWWA, Denver.
4. American Water Works Association Research Foundation (AWWARF) and Sandia National Laboratories. (2002). Risk assessment methodology for water utilities (RAM-W), AWWARF, Denver.
5. Arulraj, G., and Rao, H. (1995). "Concept of significant index for maintenance and design of pipe networks." J. Hydraul. Eng., 121(11), 833-837.
6. Brumbelow, K., Bristow, E. C., and Torres, J. (2005). "Micropolis: Avirtual city for water distribution systems research applications." Proc., AWRA 2006 Spring Specialty Conf.: GIS and Water Resources IV, American Water Resources Association, Denver.
7. Brumbelow, K., Torres, J., Guikema, S., Bristow, E. C., and Kanta, L. (2007). "Virtual cities for water distribution and infrastructure system research." Proc., World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2007, ASCE, Reston, VA.
8. Cities of Bryan and College Station (BCS). (2005). "B/CS unified design guideline manual, water, sewer, and streets." 〈www.bcsunited.net/ 2005Files/DesignManual2005.pdf〉 (May 22, 2006).
9. Clemen, R. T., and Reilly, T. (2001). Making hard decisions, Duxbury, Pacific Grove, CA.
10. Current construction costs. (2004). 41st Ed., Saylor Publications, Chatsworth, CA.
11. Eidinger, J. M., ed. (2001). Seismic fragility formulations for water systems, Revision 0, American Lifelines Alliance, Oakland, CA.
12. Ezell, B. C., Farr, J. V., and Wiese, I. (2000). "Infrastructure risk analysis model." J. Infrastruct. Syst., 6(3), 114-117.
13. Filion, Y. R., and Jung, B. S. (2010). "Least-cost design of water distribution networks including fire damages." J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 136(6), 658-668.
14. Giustolisi, O., Kapelan, Z., and Savic, D. (2008a). "Algorithm for automatic detection of topological changes in water distribution networks." J. Hydraul. Eng., 134(4), 435-446.
15. Giustolisi, O., Kapelan, Z., and Savic, D. (2008b). "Extended period simulation analysis considering valve shutdowns." J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 134(6), 527-537.
16. Haimes, Y. Y. (2002). "Strategic responses to risks of terrorism to water resources." J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 128(6), 383-389.
17. Haimes, Y. Y., Matalas, N. C., Lambert, J. H., Jackson, B. A., and James, F. R. (1998). "Reducing vulnerability of water supply systems to attack." J. Infrastruct. Syst., 4(4), 164-177.
18. Hasofer, A. M., Beck, V. R., and Bennetts, I. D. (2007). Risk analysis in building fire safety engineering, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK.
19. International Organization of Standards (ISO). (2001). Draft ISO guide 73, Geneva.
20. Kanta, L., Zechman, E., and Brumbelow, K. (2012). "Multiobjective evolutionary computation approach for redesigning water distribution systems to provide fire flows." J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 138(2), 144-152.
21. Kanta, L. R. (2009). "A risk-based optimization modeling framework for mitigating fire events for water and fire response infrastructures." Ph.D. dissertation, Zachry Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M Engineering, College Station, TX.
22. Lewis, T. G. (2006). Critical infrastructure protection in homeland security: Defending a networked nation, Wiley, New York.
23. Mays, L. W., ed. (1996). Water resources handbook, McGraw-Hill, New York.
24. Mays, L. W., ed. (2000). Water distribution systems handbook, McGraw-Hill, New York.
25. Modarres, M. (2006). Risk analysis in engineering techniques, tools, and skills, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL.
26. Ostfeld, A., and Salomons, E. (2004). "Optimal layout of early warning detection stations for water distribution systems security." J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 130(5), 377-385.
27. Pate-Cornell, M. (1984). "Fault trees vs. event trees in reliability analysis." Risk Anal., 4(3), 177-186.
28. Rossman, L. A. (1999). "The EPANET programmer's toolkit for analysis of water distribution systems." Proc., 29th Annual Water Resources Planning and Management Conf., ASCE, Tempe, AZ.
29. Rossman, L. A. (2000). "EPANET 2 Users Manual." EPA/600/R-00/057, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati.
30. Scawthorn, C., Eidinger, J. M., and Schiff, A. J., eds. (2005). "Fire following earthquake." Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering Monograph No. 26, ASCE, Reston, VA.
31. Skolicki, Z., Wadda, M. M., Houck, M. H., and Arciszewski, T. (2006). "Reduction of physical threats to water distribution systems." J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 132(4), 211-217.
32. Tidwell, V. C., Cooper, J. A., and Silva, C. J. (2005). "Threat assessment of water supply systems using markov latent effects modeling." J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 131(3), 218-227.
33. Wagner, J. M., Shamir, U., and Marks, D. H. (1998). "Water distribution reliability: Simulation methods." J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 114(3), 276-294.
34. Wang, Z. (2006). "Understanding seismic hazard and risk assessment: An example in the New Madrid seismic zone of the Central United States." Proc., 8th U.S. National Conf. on Earthquake Engineering 2006, EERI (Earthquake Engineering Research Institute), San Francisco, CA.
35. Wu, Z. Y., Wang, R. H., Walski, T. M., Yang, S. Y., Bowdler, D., and Baggett, C. C. (2009). "Extended global-gradient algorithm for pressure-dependent water distribution analysis." J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 135(1), 13-22.
36. Yamijala, S., Guikema, S., and Brumbelow, J. K. (2009). "Statistical estimation of water distribution system pipe reliability." Reliab. Eng. Syst. Safe., 94(2), 282-293.