Hematocrit alters VerifyNow P2Y12 assay results independently of intrinsic platelet reactivity and clopidogrel responsiveness

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

Volumn 11, Issue 10, 2013, Pages 1814-1822

  Kakouros, N ^a,b   Kickler, T S ^a   Laws, K M ^a   Rade, J J ^a,b  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

Anemia; Clopidogrel; Hematocrit; Platelet; Platelet function test

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE; CLOPIDOGREL; FIBRINOGEN; FIBRINOGEN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; HEMOGLOBIN; VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR;

ADULT; ARTICLE; ASSAY; BLOOD SAMPLING; CLINICAL ARTICLE; DIABETES MELLITUS; FEMALE; FIBRINOGEN BLOOD LEVEL; HEART CATHETERIZATION; HEMATOCRIT; HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; LOADING DRUG DOSE; MALE; PLATELET REACTIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; THROMBOCYTE ACTIVATION; THROMBOCYTE AGGREGATION; THROMBOCYTE COUNT; THROMBOCYTE FUNCTION ANALYZER; THROMBOCYTE RICH PLASMA; VERIFYNOW P2Y12 ASSAY;

ANEMIA; CLOPIDOGREL; HEMATOCRIT; PLATELET; PLATELET FUNCTION TEST;

ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE; AGED; BLOOD PLATELETS; FEMALE; HEMATOCRIT; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS; PURINERGIC P2Y RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; RECEPTORS, PURINERGIC P2Y12; TICLOPIDINE;

EID: 84885358376     PISSN: 15387933     EISSN: 15387836     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/jth.12376     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Breet NJ, van Werkum JW, Bouman HJ, Kelder JC, Ruven HJ, Bal ET, Deneer VH, Harmsze AM, van der Heyden JA, Rensing BJ, Suttorp MJ, Hackeng CM, Ten Berg JM. Comparison of platelet function tests in predicting clinical outcome in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation. JAMA 2010; 303: 754-62.
2. Price MJ, Endemann S, Gollapudi RR, Valencia R, Stinis CT, Levisay JP, Ernst A, Sawhney NS, Schatz RA, Teirstein PS. Prognostic significance of post-clopidogrel platelet reactivity assessed by a point-of-care assay on thrombotic events after drug-eluting stent implantation. Eur Heart J 2008; 29: 992-1000.
3. Sweeny JM, Gorog DA, Fuster V. Antiplatelet drug 'resistance'. Part 1: mechanisms and clinical measurements. Nat Rev Cardiol 2009; 6: 273-82.
4. Price MJ. Bedside evaluation of thienopyridine antiplatelet therapy. Circulation 2009; 119: 2625-32.
5. Brar SS, ten Berg J, Marcucci R, Price MJ, Valgimigli M, Kim HS, Patti G, Breet NJ, DiSciascio G, Cuisset T, Dangas G. Impact of platelet reactivity on clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention. A collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58: 1945-54.
6. Bonello L, Camoin-Jau L, Armero S, Com O, Arques S, Burignat-Bonello C, Giacomoni MP, Bonello R, Collet F, Rossi P, Barragan P, Dignat-George F, Paganelli F. Tailored clopidogrel loading dose according to platelet reactivity monitoring to prevent acute and subacute stent thrombosis. Am J Cardiol 2009; 103: 5-10.
7. Price MJ, Berger PB, Teirstein PS, Tanguay JF, Angiolillo DJ, Spriggs D, Puri S, Robbins M, Garratt KN, Bertrand OF, Stillabower ME, Aragon JR, Kandzari DE, Stinis CT, Lee MS, Manoukian SV, Cannon CP, Schork NJ, Topol EJ. Standard- vs high-dose clopidogrel based on platelet function testing after percutaneous coronary intervention: the GRAVITAS randomized trial. JAMA 2011; 305: 1097-105.
8. Collet JP, Cuisset T, Range G, Cayla G, Elhadad S, Pouillot C, Henry P, Motreff P, Carrie D, Boueri Z, Belle L, van Belle E, Rousseau H, Aubry P, Monsegu J, Sabouret P, O'Connor SA, Abtan J, Kerneis M, Saint-Etienne C, et al. Bedside monitoring to adjust antiplatelet therapy for coronary stenting. N Engl J Med 2012; 367: 2100-9.
9. Elsenberg EH, van Werkum JW, van de Wal RM, Zomer AC, Bouman HJ, Verheugt FW, Berg JM, Hackeng CM. The influence of clinical characteristics, laboratory and inflammatory markers on 'high on-treatment platelet reactivity' as measured with different platelet function tests. Thromb Haemost 2009; 102: 719-27.
10. Voisin S, Bongard V, Tidjane MA, Lhermusier T, Carrie D, Sie P. Are P2Y12 reaction unit (PRU) and % inhibition index equivalent for the expression of P2Y12 inhibition by the VerifyNow assay? Role of haematocrit and haemoglobin levels. Thromb Haemost 2011; 106: 227-9.
11. Toma C, Zahr F, Moguilanski D, Grate S, Semaan RW, Lemieux N, Lee JS, Cortese-Hassett A, Mulukutla S, Rao SV, Marroquin OC. Impact of anemia on platelet response to clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary stenting. Am J Cardiol 2012; 109: 1148-53.
12. Linnemann B, Schwonberg J, Rechner AR, Mani H, Lindhoff-Last E. Assessment of clopidogrel non-response by the PFA-100 system using the new test cartridge INNOVANCE PFA P2Y. Ann Hematol 2010; 89: 597-605.
13. Nazarian SM, Thompson JB, Gluckman TJ, Laws K, Jani JT, Kickler TS, Rade JJ. Clinical and laboratory factors associated with shear-dependent platelet hyper-reactivity in patients on chronic aspirin therapy. Thromb Res 2009; 126: 379-83.
14. Price MJ, Angiolillo DJ, Teirstein PS, Lillie E, Manoukian SV, Berger PB, Tanguay JF, Cannon CP, Topol EJ. Platelet reactivity and cardiovascular outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention: a time-dependent analysis of the Gauging Responsiveness with a VerifyNow P2Y12 assay: impact on Thrombosis and Safety (GRAVITAS) trial. Circulation 2011; 124: 1132-7.
15. Kelton JG, Powers P, Julian J, Boland V, Carter CJ, Gent M, Hirsh J. Sex-related differences in platelet aggregation: influence of the hematocrit. Blood 1980; 56: 38-41.
16. Trenk D, Stone GW, Gawaz M, Kastrati A, Angiolillo DJ, Muller U, Richardt G, Jakubowski JA, Neumann FJ. A randomized trial of prasugrel versus clopidogrel in patients with high platelet reactivity on clopidogrel after elective percutaneous coronary intervention with implantation of drug-eluting stents: results of the TRIGGER-PCI (Testing Platelet Reactivity In Patients Undergoing Elective Stent Placement on Clopidogrel to Guide Alternative Therapy With Prasugrel) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 59: 2159-64.
17. Malinin A, Pokov A, Swaim L, Kotob M, Serebruany V. Validation of a VerifyNow-P2Y12 cartridge for monitoring platelet inhibition with clopidogrel. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2006; 28: 315-22.
18. Price MJ, Nayak KR, Barker CM, Kandzari DE, Teirstein PS. Predictors of heightened platelet reactivity despite dual-antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol 2009; 103: 1339-43.
19. Tidjane MA, Voisin S, Lhermusier T, Bongard V, Sie P, Carrie D. More on: adenosine diphosphate-inducible platelet reactivity shows a pronounced age dependency in the initial phase of antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel. J Thromb Haemost 2011; 9: 614-6.
20. Cecchi E, Marcucci R, Paniccia R, Bandinelli B, Valente S, Giglioli C, Lazzeri C, Gensini GF, Abbate R, Mannini L. Effect of blood hematocrit and erythrocyte deformability on adenosine 5′-diphosphate platelet reactivity in patients with acute coronary syndromes on dual antiplatelet therapy. Am J Cardiol 2009; 104: 764-8.
21. Mollison PL, Robinson MA, Hunter DA. Improved method of labelling red cells with radioactive phosphorus. Lancet 1958; 1: 766-9.
22. Whitlock JH. The use of photo-electric turbidometry in the determination of red cell counts, hematocrits, and hemoglobin. Blood 1947; 2: 463-73.
23. Gurbel PA, Erlinge D, Ohman EM, Neely B, Neely M, Goodman SG, Huber K, Chan MY, Cornel JH, Brown E, Zhou C, Jakubowski JA, White HD, Fox KA, Prabhakaran D, Armstrong PW, Tantry US, Roe MT. Platelet function during extended prasugrel and clopidogrel therapy for patients with ACS treated without revascularization: the TRILOGY ACS platelet function substudy. JAMA 2012; 308: 1785-94.