Babesiosis

Tropical Infectious Diseases

Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 676-681

  Telford, Sam R ^a   Weller, Peter F ^b,c,d,e   Maguire, James H ^f  

^a TUFTS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^c HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^d Division of Infectious Diseases   (United States)

^e BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^f BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84885162266     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-7020-3935-5.00097-5     Document Type: Chapter

References (98)

1. Young AS, Morzaria SP Biology of Babesia. Parasitol Today 1986, 2:211.
2. Wenyon CM Protozoology 1926, 2 Vols. William Wood, New York.
3. Levine ND The Protozoan Phylum Apicomplexa 1988, Vol 2. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
4. Schnittger L, Yin H, Gubbels MJ, et al. Phylogeny of sheep and goat Theileria and Babesia parasites. Parasitol Res 2003, 91:398.
5. Allsopp MT, Allsopp BA Molecular sequence evidence for the reclassification of some Babesia species. Ann NY Acad Sci 2006, 1081:509.
6. Kjemtrup AM, Thomford J, Robinson T, et al. Phylogenetic relationships of human and wildlife piroplasm isolates in the western U.S. inferred from the 18S nuclear small subunit RNA gene. Parasitology 2000, 120:487.
7. Goethert HK, Telford SR What is Babesia microti?. Parasitology 2003, 127:301.
8. Smith T Some problems in the etiology and pathology of Texas cattle fever and their bearing on the comparative study of protozoan diseases. Trans Assoc Am Physicians 1893, 8:117.
9. Schein E, Reihbein G, Voigt WP, et al. Babesi equi (Laveran 1901). 1. Development in horses and in lymphocyte culture. Z Parasitenkd 1981, 34:68.
10. Mehlhorn H, Schein E The piroplasms: lifecycle and sexual stages. Adv Parasitol 1987, 23:37.
11. Zintl A, Westbrook C, Skerrett HE, et al. Chymotrypsin and neuraminidase treatment inhibits host cell invasion by Babesia divergens (phylum Apicomplexa). Parasitology 2002, 125:45.
12. Rudzinska MA, Spielman A, Lewengrub S, et al. Sexuality in piroplasms as revealed by electron microscopy in Babesia microti. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1983, 80:2966.
13. Hoare CA Comparative aspects of human babesiosis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1980, 74:143.
14. Skrabalo Z, Deanovic Z Piroplasmosis in man: report on a case. Trop Geogr Med 1957, 9:11.
15. Zintl A, Mulcahy G, Skerrett HE, et al. Babesia divergens, a bovine blood parasite of veterinary and zoonotic importance. Clin Microbiol Rev 2003, 16:622.
16. Herwaldt B, Persing DH, Précigout E, et al. A fatal case of babesiosis in Missouri: identification of another piroplasm that infects humans. Ann Intern Med 1996, 124:643.
17. Beattie JF, Michelson ML, Holman PJ Acute babesiosis caused by Babesia divergens in a resident of Kentucky. N Engl J Med 2002, 347:697.
18. Goethert HK, Telford SR Enzootic transmission of Babesia divergens among cottontail rabbits on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2003, 69:455.
19. Herwaldt B, de Bruyn G, Pieniazek NJ, et al. Babesia divergens-like infection, Washington State. Emerg Infect Dis 2004, 10:622.
20. Holman PJ Phylogenetic and biologic evidence that Babesia divergens is not endemic in the United States. Ann NY Acad Sci 2006, 1081:518.
21. Herwaldt BL, Caccio S, Gherlinzoni F, et al. Molecular characterization of a non- Babesia divergens organism causing zoonotic babesiosis in Europe. Emerg Infect Dis 2003, 9:942.
22. Enigk K, Friedhoff K Babesia capreoli n.sp. beim Reh (Capreolus capreolus L.). Z Tropenmed Parasitol 1962, 13:8.
23. Quick RE, Herwaldt BL, Thomford JW, et al. Babesiosis in Washington State: a new species of Babesia?. Ann Intern Med 1993, 119:284.
24. Conrad PA, Kjemtrup AM, Carreno RA, et al. Description of Babesia duncani n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Babesiidae) from humans and its differentiation from other piroplasms. Int J Parasitol 2006, 36:779.
25. Persing DH, Herwaldt BL, Glaser C, et al. Infection with a Babesia-like organism in northern California. N Engl J Med 1995, 332:298.
26. Herwaldt BL, Kjemtrup AM, Conrad PA, et al. Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis in Washington State: first reported case caused by a WA1-type parasite. J Infect Dis 1997, 175:1259.
27. Kjemtrup AM, Lee B, Fritz CL, et al. Investigation of transfusion transmission of a WA1-type babesial parasite to a premature infant in California. Transfusion 2002, 42:1482.
28. Fritz CL, Kjemtrup AM, Conrad PA, et al. Seroepidemiology of emerging tickborne infectious diseases in a Northern California community. J Infect Dis 1997, 175:1432.
29. Western KA, Benson GD, Gleason NN, et al. Babesiosis in a Massachusetts resident. N Engl J Med 1970, 283:854.
30. Telford III SR, Goethert HK. Emerging tick-borne infections: rediscovered and better characterised, or truly new? Parasitology. 2004;129:S301.
31. Shih CM, Liu LP, Chung WC, et al. Human babesiosis in Taiwan: asymptomatic infection with a Babesia microti-like organism in a Taiwanese woman. J Clin Microbiol 1997, 35:450.
32. Saito-Ito A, Tsuji M, Wei Q, et al. Transfusion-acquired, autochthonous human babesiosis in Japan: isolation of Babesia microti-like parasites with hu-RBC-SCID mice. J Clin Microbiol 2000, 38:4511.
33. Hildebrandt A, Hunfeld KP, Baier M, et al. First confirmed autochthonous case of human Babesia microti infection in Europe. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2007, 26:595.
34. Hunfeld KP, Hildebrandt A, Gray JS Babesiosis: recent insights into an ancient disease. Int J Parasitol 2008, 38:1219.
35. Herwaldt BL, McGovern PC, Gerwel MP, et al. Endemic babesiosis in another eastern state: New Jersey. Emerg Infect Dis 2003, 9:184.
36. Krause PJ, Telford SR, Pollack RJ, et al. Babesiosis: an underdiagnosed disease of children. Pediatrics 1992, 89:1045.
37. Krause PJ, McKay K, Gadbaw J, et al. Increasing burden of human babesiosis in endemic sites. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2003, 68:431.
38. Tonnetti L, Eder AF, Dy B, et al. Transfusion-transmitted Babesia microti identified through hemovigilance. Transfusion 2009, 49:2557.
39. New DL, Quinn JB, Quereshi MZ, et al. Vertically transmitted babesiosis. J Pediatr 1997, 131:163.
40. Li JF, Meng DB The discovery of human babesiosis in China. Chin J Vet Med 1984, 10:19.
41. Marathe A, Tripathi V, Handa V, et al. Human babesiosis: a case report. Indian J Med Microbiol 2005, 23:267.
42. Bush JB, Isaacson M, Mohamed AS, et al. Human babesiosis: a preliminary report of 2 suspect cases in southern Africa. S Afr Med J 1990, 78:699.
43. Kim JY, Cho SH, Joo HN, et al. First case of human babesiosis in Korea: detection and characterization of a novel type of Babesia sp. (KO1) similar to ovine babesia. J Clin Microbiol 2007, 45:2084.
44. Spielman A, Wilson ML, Levine JF, et al. Ecology of Ixodes dammini-borne human babesiosis and Lyme disease. Annu Rev Entomol 1985, 30:439.
45. Piesman J, Karakshian SJ, Lewengrub S, et al. Development of Babesia microti sporozoites in adult Ixodes dammini. Int J Parasitol 1986, 16:381.
46. Piesman J, Mather TN, Dammin GJ, et al. Seasonal variation of transmission risk of Lyme disease and human babesiosis. Am J Epidemiol 1987, 126:1187.
47. Van Peenen PFD, Chang SJ, Bankneider AR, et al. Piroplasms from Taiwanese rodents. J Protozool 1977, 24:310.
48. Shiota T, Kurimoto H, Haguma N, et al. Studies on babesia first found in murine in Japan: epidemiology, morphology, and experimental infection. Z Bakt Mikrobiol Hyg 1984, 256:347.
49. Telford SR, Gorenflot A, Brasseur P, et al. Babesial infestations in human and wildlife. Parasitic Protozoa 1993, 1. Academic Press, New York. 2nd ed. J.P. Kreier (Ed.).
50. Sun T, Tenebaum MJ, Greenspan J, et al. Morphologic and clinical observations in human infection with Babesia microti. J Infect Dis 1983, 148:239.
51. Krogstad DJ, Sutera SP, Boylan CW, et al. Intraerythrocytic parasites and red cell deformability: Plasmodium berghei and Babesia microti. Blood Cells 1991, 17:209.
52. Krause PJ, Daily J, Telford SR, et al. Shared features in the pathobiology of babesiosis and malaria. Trends Parasitol 2007, 23:605.
53. Skrabalo Z Babesiosis. Pathology of Protozoal and Helminthic Diseases 1971, 232. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore. R.A. Marcial-Rojas (Ed.).
54. Fitzpatrick JEP, Kennedy CC, McGeown MG, et al. Further details on third reported case of redwater (babesiosis) in man. BMJ 1969, 2:770.
55. Hemmer RM, Ferrick DA, Conrad PA Role of T cells and cytokines in fatal and resolving experimental babesiosis: protection in TNFRp55-/- mice infected with the human Babesia WA1 parasite. J Parasitol 2000, 86:736.
56. Aguilar-Delfin I, Wettstein PJ, Persing DH Resistance to acute babesiosis is associated with interleukin-12- and gamma interferon-mediated responses and requires macrophages and natural killer cells. Infect Immun 2003, 71:2002.
57. Herwaldt BL, Springs FE, Roberts PP, et al. Babesiosis in Wisconsin: a potentially fatal disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995, 53:146.
58. Cullen JM, Levine JF Pathology of experimental Babesia microti infection in the Syrian hamster. Lab Anim Sci 1983, 37:640.
59. Wozniak EJ, Lowenstine LJ, Hemmer R, et al. Comparative pathogenesis of human WA-1 and Babesia microti isolates in a Syrian hamster model. Lab Anim Sci 1997, 46:507.
60. Meldrum SC, Birkhead GS, White DJ, et al. Human babesiosis in New York State: an epidemiologic description of 136 cases. Clin Infect Dis 1992, 15:1019.
61. Rosner F, Zarrabi MH, Benach JL, et al. Babesiosis in splenectomized adults. Am J Med 1984, 76:696.
62. Benach JL, Habicht GS Clinical characteristics of human babesiosis. J Infect Dis 1981, 144:481.
63. Krause PJ, Gewurz BE, Hill D, et al. Persistent and relapsing babesiosis in immunocompromised patients. Clin Infect Dis 2008, 46:370.
64. Wolf RE Effects of antilymphocyte serum and splenectomy on resistance to Babesia microti infection in hamsters. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1974, 2:381.
65. Clark IA, Allison AC Babesia microti and Plasmodium berghei yoelii infections in nude mice. Nature 1974, 252:328.
66. Igarashi I, Suzuki R, Waki S, et al. Roles of CD4(+) T cells and gamma interferon in protective immunity against Babesia microti infection in mice. Infect Immun 1999, 67:4143.
67. Clawson ML, Paciorkowski N, Rajan TV, et al. Cellular immunity, but not gamma interferon, is essential for resolution of Babesia microti infection in BALB/c mice. Infect Immun 2002, 70:5304.
68. Krause PJ, Spielman A, Telford SR, et al. Persistent parasitemia after acute babesiosis. N Engl J Med 1998, 339:160.
69. Ruebush TK, Juranek DD, Chisholm ES, et al. Human babesiosis on Nantucket Island: evidence for self limited and sub-clinical infections. N Engl J Med 1977, 297:825.
70. Wittner M, Rowin KS, Tanowitz HB, et al. Successful chemotherapy for transfusion babesiosis. Ann Intern Med 1982, 96:601.
71. Golightly LM, Hirschhorn LR, Weller PF, et al. Fever and headache in a splenectomized woman. Rev Infect Dis 1989, 11:629.
72. Slovut DP, Benedetti E, Matas J Babesiosis and hemophagocytic syndrome in an asplenic renal transplant recipient. Transplantation 1996, 62:537.
73. Cunha BA, Nausheen S, Szalda D Pulmonary complications of babesiosis: case report and literature review. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2007, 26:505.
74. Machtinger L, Telford SR, Inducil C, et al. Treatment of babesiosis by red blood cell exchange in an HIV-positive, splenectomized patient. J Clin Apheresis 1993, 8:78.
75. Benezra D, Brown AE, Polsky G, et al. Babesiosis and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Ann Intern Med 1987, 107:944.
76. Ong KR, Stavropoulos C, Inada Y Babesiosis, asplenia and AIDS. Lancet 1990, 336:112.
77. Froberg MK, Dannen D, Bakken JS Babesiosis and HIV. Lancet 2004, 363:704.
78. Piesman J, Mather TN, Telford SR, et al. Concurrent Borrelia burgdorferi and Babesia microti infection in nymphal Ixodes dammini. J Clin Microbiol 1986, 24:446.
79. Telford SR, Dawson JE, Katavolos P, et al. Perpetuation of the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in a deer tick-rodent cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996, 93:6209.
80. Krause PJ, Telford SR, Spielman A, et al. Concurrent Lyme disease and babesiosis. Evidence for increased severity and duration of the disease. JAMA 1996, 275:1657.
81. Marcus LC, Steere AC, Duray PH, et al. Fatal pancarditis in a patient with coexistent Lyme disease and babesiosis. Demonstration of spirochetes in the myocardium. Ann Intern Med 1985, 103:374.
82. Oleson CV, Sivalingam JJ, O'Neill BJ, et al. Transverse myelitis secondary to coexistent Lyme disease and babesiosis. J Spinal Cord Med 2003, 26:168.
83. Javed MZ, Srivastava M, Zhang S, et al. Concurrent babesiosis and ehrlichiosis in an elderly host. Mayo Clinic Proc 2001, 76:563.
84. Krause PJ, Telford SR, Ryan R, et al. Antibody testing for babesiosis: Standardisation of a serologic test for the diagnosis of human Babesia microti infection. J Infect Dis 1994, 169:923.
85. Krause PJ, Ryan R, Telford S, et al. Efficacy of immunoglobulin M serodiagnostic test for rapid diagnosis of acute babesiosis. J Clin Microbiol 1996, 34:2014.
86. Persing DH, Mathiesen D, Marshall WF, et al. Detection of Babesia microti by polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 1992, 30:2097.
87. Drugs for parasitic infections. Treatment guidelines from the Medical Letter. Med Lett Drugs Ther 2007, 5(suppl).
88. Dammin GJ, Spielman A, Mahoney EB, et al. Clindamycin and quinine treatment for Babesia microti infections. MMWR 1983, 32:65.
89. Brasseur P, Lecoublet S, Kapel N, et al. In vitro evaluation of drug susceptibilities of Babesia divergens isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998, 42:818.
90. Brasseur P, Lecoublet S, Kapel N, et al. Quinine in the treatment of Babesia divergens infections in humans. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996, 15:840.
91. Gorenflot A, Bazin C, Ambroise-Thomas P Babésioses humaines: traitement des formes graves. Presse Med 1987, 16:1099.
92. Jacoby GA, Hunt JV, Kosinski J, et al. Treatment of transfusion-induced babesiosis by exchange transfusion. N Engl J Med 1980, 303:1098.
93. Spaete J, Patrozou E, Rich JD, et al. Red cell exchange transfusion for babesiosis in Rhode Island. J Clin Apheresis 2009, 24:97.
94. Krause PJ, Lepore T, Sikand VK, et al. Atovaquone and azithromycin for the treatment of babesiosis. N Engl J Med 2000, 343:1454.
95. Vyas JM, Telford SR, Robbins GK Treatment of refractory babesiosis with atovaquone/proguanil in an HIV-infected individual: case report. Clin Infect Dis 2007, 45:1588.
96. Schrek CE, Snoddy EL, Spielman A Pressurized sprays of permethrin or DEET on military clothing for personal protection against Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae). J Med Entomol 1986, 23:396.
97. Mather TN, Ribeiro JMC, Spielman A Lyme disease and babesiosis: Acaricide focused on potentially infected ticks. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1987, 36:609.
98. Telford SR Deer tick transmitted zoonoses in the eastern United States. Conservation Medicine: Ecological Health in Practice 2002, 310. Oxford University Press, New York. A. Aguirre, R.S. Ostfeld, G.M. Tabor (Eds.).