메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 155-165

South Asian Americans: Perceived discrimination, stress, and well-being

Author keywords

discrimination; South Asians; stress; well being

Indexed keywords


EID: 84885099995     PISSN: 19481985     EISSN: 19481993     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0030634     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (37)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 33747496339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asian Americans and racism: When bad things happen to model minorities
    • doi:10.1037/1099- 9809.12.3.477
    • Alvarez, A. N., Juang, L., & Liang, C. (2006). Asian Americans and racism: When bad things happen to "model minorities." Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 12, 477-492. doi:10.1037/1099- 9809.12.3.477
    • (2006) Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology , vol.12 , pp. 477-492
    • Alvarez, A.N.1    Juang, L.2    Liang, C.3
  • 3
    • 14944361184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived racist discrimination, coping, stress and life satisfaction
    • doi:10.1002/j.2161-1912.2005.tb00004.x
    • Barnes, P. W., & Lightsey, O. R. (2005). Perceived racist discrimination, coping, stress and life satisfaction. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 33, 48-61. doi:10.1002/j.2161-1912.2005.tb00004.x
    • (2005) Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development , vol.33 , pp. 48-61
    • Barnes, P.W.1    Lightsey, O.R.2
  • 5
    • 0003121087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race-related factors and life satisfaction among African Americans
    • doi: 10.1177/00957984970231004
    • Broman, C. L. (1997). Race-related factors and life satisfaction among African Americans. Journal of Black Psychology, 23, 36-49. doi: 10.1177/00957984970231004
    • (1997) Journal of Black Psychology , vol.23 , pp. 36-49
    • Broman, C.L.1
  • 6
    • 33845693977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racism and psychological and emotional injury: Recognizing and assessing race-based traumatic stress
    • doi:10.1177/0011000006292033
    • Carter, R. T. (2007). Racism and psychological and emotional injury: Recognizing and assessing race-based traumatic stress. The Counseling Psychologist, 35, 13-105. doi:10.1177/0011000006292033
    • (2007) The Counseling Psychologist , vol.35 , pp. 13-105
    • Carter, R.T.1
  • 7
    • 77957562051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactions to racial discrimination: Emotional stress and help-seeking behaviors
    • doi:10.1037/a0020102
    • Carter, R. T., & Forsyth, J. (2010). Reactions to racial discrimination: Emotional stress and help-seeking behaviors. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 2, 183-191. doi:10.1037/ a0020102
    • (2010) Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy , vol.2 , pp. 183-191
    • Carter, R.T.1    Forsyth, J.2
  • 8
    • 3042856526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived discrimination and psychological distress: The role of personal and ethnic self esteem
    • doi:10.1037/0022-0167.51.3.329
    • Cassidy, C., O'Connor, R., Howe, C., & Warden, D. (2004). Perceived discrimination and psychological distress: The role of personal and ethnic self esteem. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51, 329-339. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.51. 3.329
    • (2004) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.51 , pp. 329-339
    • Cassidy, C.1    O'Connor, R.2    Howe, C.3    Warden, D.4
  • 9
    • 28044464506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived discrimination among ethnic minority young people: The role of psychological variables
    • doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2005.tb02169.x
    • Cassidy, C., O'Connor, R., Howe, C., & Warden, D. (2005). Perceived discrimination among ethnic minority young people: The role of psychological variables. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 35, 1246- 1265. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2005.tb02169.x
    • (2005) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.35 , pp. 1246-1265
    • Cassidy, C.1    O'Connor, R.2    Howe, C.3    Warden, D.4
  • 10
    • 32644472805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Where are you really from? Asian Americans and identity denial
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.89.5.717
    • Cheryan, S., & Monin, B. (2005). Where are you really from? Asian Americans and identity denial. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 717-730. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.89.5.717
    • (2005) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.89 , pp. 717-730
    • Cheryan, S.1    Monin, B.2
  • 11
    • 0033210179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racism as a stressor for African Americans: A biopsychosocial model
    • doi:10.1037/0003-066X.54.10.805
    • Clark, R., Anderson, N., Clark, V., & Williams, D. R. (1999). Racism as a stressor for African Americans: A biopsychosocial model. American Psychologist, 54, 805-816. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.54.10.805
    • (1999) American Psychologist , vol.54 , pp. 805-816
    • Clark, R.1    Anderson, N.2    Clark, V.3    Williams, D.R.4
  • 16
    • 33750519651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racism and invisibility: Race related stress, emotional abuse and psychological trauma for people of color
    • doi:10.1300/ J135v06n02-02
    • Franklin, A. J., Boyd-Franklin, N., & Kelly, S. (2006). Racism and invisibility: Race related stress, emotional abuse and psychological trauma for people of color. Journal of Emotional Abuse, 6, 9-30. doi:10.1300/ J135v06n02-02
    • (2006) Journal of Emotional Abuse , vol.6 , pp. 9-30
    • Franklin, A.J.1    Boyd-Franklin, N.2    Kelly, S.3
  • 17
    • 34147192896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between self-reported racial discrimination and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders among Asian Americans nationwide
    • doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.02 013
    • Gee, G. C., Spencer, M., Chen, J., Yip, T., & Takeuchi, D. (2007). The association between self-reported racial discrimination and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders among Asian Americans nationwide. Social Science & Medicine, 64, 1984-1996. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.02 .013
    • (2007) Social Science & Medicine , vol.64 , pp. 1984-1996
    • Gee, G.C.1    Spencer, M.2    Chen, J.3    Yip, T.4    Takeuchi, D.5
  • 18
    • 27144461013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strangers still? The experience of discrimination among Chinese Americans
    • doi:10.1002/jcop.9998
    • Goto, S. G., Gee, G. C., & Takeuchi, D. T. (2002). Strangers still? The experience of discrimination among Chinese Americans. Journal of Community Psychology, 30, 211-224. doi:10.1002/jcop.9998
    • (2002) Journal of Community Psychology , vol.30 , pp. 211-224
    • Goto, S.G.1    Gee, G.C.2    Takeuchi, D.T.3
  • 19
    • 0041363368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Item-wording and the dimensionality of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Do they matter?
    • doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00331-8
    • Greenberger, E., Chen, C., Dmitrieva, J., & Farruggia, S. P. (2003). Item-wording and the dimensionality of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Do they matter? Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 1241-1254. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00331-8
    • (2003) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.35 , pp. 1241-1254
    • Greenberger, E.1    Chen, C.2    Dmitrieva, J.3    Farruggia, S.P.4
  • 20
    • 0033966243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multidimensional conceptualization of racismrelated stress: Implications for the well-being of people of color
    • doi:10.1037/h0087722
    • Harrell, S. P. (2000). A multidimensional conceptualization of racismrelated stress: Implications for the well-being of people of color. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 70, 42-57. doi:10.1037/h0087722
    • (2000) American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , vol.70 , pp. 42-57
    • Harrell, S.P.1
  • 21
    • 0002944777 scopus 로고
    • An update of Helms's White and People of Color racial identity models
    • In J. G. Ponterotto, J. M. Casas, L. A. Suzuki, & C. M. Alexander (Eds.) Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
    • Helms, J. E. (1995). An update of Helms's White and People of Color racial identity models. In J. G. Ponterotto, J. M. Casas, L. A. Suzuki, & C. M. Alexander (Eds.), Handbook of multicultural counseling (pp. 181-198). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
    • (1995) Handbook of multicultural counseling , pp. 181-198
    • Helms, J.E.1
  • 23
    • 0030822925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward terminological, conceptual, and statistical clarity in the study of mediators: Examples from child-clinical and pediatric psychology literatures
    • doi:10.1037/0022-006X.65.4.599
    • Holmbeck, G. N. (1997). Toward terminological, conceptual, and statistical clarity in the study of mediators: Examples from child-clinical and pediatric psychology literatures. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 599-610. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.65.4.599
    • (1997) Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , vol.65 , pp. 599-610
    • Holmbeck, G.N.1
  • 25
    • 33745804555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • South Asian women: Identities and conflicts
    • doi:10.1037/ 1099-9809.12.2.306
    • Inman, A. G. (2006). South Asian women: Identities and conflicts. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 12, 306-319. doi:10.1037/ 1099-9809.12.2.306
    • (2006) Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology , vol.12 , pp. 306-319
    • Inman, A.G.1
  • 26
    • 79955881111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural intersections: A qualitative inquiry into the experience of Asian Indian-White interracial couples
    • doi:10.1111/j.1545-5300.2011.01358.x
    • Inman, A. G., Altman, A., Kaduvettoor-Davidson, A., Carr, A., & Walker, J. A. (2011). Cultural intersections: A qualitative inquiry into the experience of Asian Indian-White interracial couples. Family Process, 50, 248-266. doi:10.1111/j.1545-5300.2011.01358.x
    • (2011) Family Process , vol.50 , pp. 248-266
    • Inman, A.G.1    Altman, A.2    Kaduvettoor-Davidson, A.3    Carr, A.4    Walker, J.A.5
  • 27
    • 33846094600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural transmission: Influence of contextual factors in Asian Indian immigrant parents' experiences
    • doi:10.1037/0022-0167.54.1.93
    • Inman, A. G., Howard, E. E., Beaumont, R. L., & Walker, J. A. (2007). Cultural transmission: Influence of contextual factors in Asian Indian immigrant parents' experiences. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 54, 93-100. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.54.1.93
    • (2007) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.54 , pp. 93-100
    • Inman, A.G.1    Howard, E.E.2    Beaumont, R.L.3    Walker, J.A.4
  • 28
    • 0035074036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and preliminary validation of the cultural values conflict scale for South Asian women
    • doi:10.1037/0022-0167.48.1.17
    • Inman, A. G., Ladany, N., Constantine, M. G., & Morano, C. K. (2001). Development and preliminary validation of the cultural values conflict scale for South Asian women. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48, 17-27. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.48.1.17
    • (2001) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.48 , pp. 17-27
    • Inman, A.G.1    Ladany, N.2    Constantine, M.G.3    Morano, C.K.4
  • 30
    • 0038697885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body image and eating disturbance among South Asian-American women: The role of racial teasing
    • doi:10.1002/eat 10170
    • Iyer, D. S., & Haslam, N. (2003). Body image and eating disturbance among South Asian-American women: The role of racial teasing. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 34, 142-147. doi:10.1002/eat .10170
    • (2003) International Journal of Eating Disorders , vol.34 , pp. 142-147
    • Iyer, D.S.1    Haslam, N.2
  • 31
    • 84885122686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asian Americans in the workplace: Facing prejudice and discrimination in multiple contexts
    • In J. L. Chin (Ed. Westport, CT: Praeger
    • Kawahara, D. M., & Van Kirk, J. J. (2004). Asian Americans in the workplace: Facing prejudice and discrimination in multiple contexts. In J. L. Chin (Ed.), The psychology of prejudice and discrimination: Ethnicity and multiracial identity (Vol. 2, pp. 39-63). Westport, CT: Praeger
    • (2004) The Psychology Of Prejudice And Discrimination: Ethnicity And Multiracial Identity , vol.2 , pp. 39-63
    • Kawahara, D.M.1    Van Kirk, J.J.2
  • 32
    • 24044525905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why is discrimination stressful? The mediating role of cognitive appraisal
    • doi:10.1037/1099-9809.11.3.202
    • King, K. R. (2005). Why is discrimination stressful? The mediating role of cognitive appraisal. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 11, 202-212. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.11.3.202
    • (2005) Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology , vol.11 , pp. 202-212
    • King, K.R.1
  • 33
    • 34247680701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The schedule of racist events
    • doi:10.1177/
    • Landrine, H., & Klonoff, E. A. (1996). The schedule of racist events. Journal of Black Psychology, 22, 144 -168. doi:10.1177/ 00957984960222002
    • (1996) Journal of Black Psychology , vol.22 , Issue.144-168 , pp. 00957984960222002
    • Landrine, H.1    Klonoff, E.A.2
  • 34
    • 33644760674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptualizing and measuring ethnic discrimination in health research
    • doi:10.1007/ s10865-005-9029-9030
    • Landrine, H., Klonoff, E. A., Corral, I., Fernandez, S., & Roesch, S. (2006). Conceptualizing and measuring ethnic discrimination in health research. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 29, 79-94. doi:10.1007/ s10865-005-9029-0
    • (2006) Journal of Behavioral Medicine , vol.29 , Issue.79-94
    • Landrine, H.1    Klonoff, E.A.2    Corral, I.3    Fernandez, S.4    Roesch, S.5
  • 35
    • 0038626725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do ethnic identity and other-group orientation protect against discrimination for Asian Americans?
    • doi:10.1037/0022-0167.50.2.133
    • Lee, R. (2003). Do ethnic identity and other-group orientation protect against discrimination for Asian Americans? Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50, 133-141. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.50.2.133
    • (2003) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.50 , pp. 133-141
    • Lee, R.1
  • 36
    • 12344305211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resilience against discrimination: Ethnic identity and other-group orientation as protective factors for Korean Americans
    • doi:10.1037/0022-0167 .52.1.36
    • Lee, R. (2005). Resilience against discrimination: Ethnic identity and other-group orientation as protective factors for Korean Americans. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, 36-44. doi:10.1037/0022-0167 .52.1.36
    • (2005) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 36-44
    • Lee, R.1
  • 37
    • 38949214385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of collective selfesteem for Asian Americans experiencing racism-related stress: A test of moderator and mediator hypotheses
    • doi:10.1037/1099-9809.14.1.19
    • Liang, C. T. H., & Fassinger, R. E. (2008). The role of collective selfesteem for Asian Americans experiencing racism-related stress: A test of moderator and mediator hypotheses. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 14, 19-28. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.14.1.19
    • (2008) Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology , vol.14 , pp. 19-28
    • Liang, C.T.H.1    Fassinger, R.E.2
  • 38
    • 0842281997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Asian American Racism- Related Stress Inventory: Development, factor analysis, reliability, and validity
    • doi:10.1037/ 0022-0167.51.1.103
    • Liang, C. T. H., Li, L., & Kim, B. (2004). The Asian American Racism- Related Stress Inventory: Development, factor analysis, reliability, and validity. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51, 103-114. doi:10.1037/ 0022-0167.51.1.103
    • (2004) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.51 , pp. 103-114
    • Liang, C.T.H.1    Li, L.2    Kim, B.3
  • 39
    • 77951107390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coping with discrimination: The subjective well-being of South Asian American women
    • doi:10.1002/j.2161-1912.2010.tb00116.x
    • Liang, C. T. H., Nathwani, A., Ahmad, S., & Prince, J. K. (2010). Coping with discrimination: The subjective well-being of South Asian American women. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 38, 77-87. doi:10.1002/j.2161-1912.2010.tb00116.x
    • (2010) Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development , vol.38 , pp. 77-87
    • Liang, C.T.H.1    Nathwani, A.2    Ahmad, S.3    Prince, J.K.4
  • 40
    • 18744362214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of structural equation modeling in counseling psychology research
    • doi:10.1177/0011000004272260
    • Martens, M. P. (2005). The use of structural equation modeling in counseling psychology research. The Counseling Psychologist, 33, 269-298. doi:10.1177/0011000004272260
    • (2005) The Counseling Psychologist , vol.33 , pp. 269-298
    • Martens, M.P.1
  • 41
    • 4744347680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arab American persons' reported experiences of discrimination and mental health: The mediating role of personal control
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.51.4.418
    • Moradi, B., & Hasan, N. T. (2004). Arab American persons' reported experiences of discrimination and mental health: The mediating role of personal control. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51, 418-428. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.51.4.418
    • (2004) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.51 , pp. 418-428
    • Moradi, B.1    Hasan, N.T.2
  • 42
    • 33750186366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived discrimination experiences and mental health of Latina/o American persons
    • doi:10.1037/0022-0167.53.4.411
    • Moradi, B., & Risco, C. (2006). Perceived discrimination experiences and mental health of Latina/o American persons. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, 411-421. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.53.4.411
    • (2006) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.53 , pp. 411-421
    • Moradi, B.1    Risco, C.2
  • 43
    • 84885114467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York City Commission On Human Rights Arabs, and South Asians in New York City since 9/11 Retrieved from
    • New York City Commission on Human Rights. (2003). Discrimination against Muslims, Arabs, and South Asians in New York City since 9/11. Retrieved from http://www.nyc.gov/html/cchr/pdf/sur-report.pdf
    • (2003) Discrimination Against Muslims
  • 45
    • 84885121943 scopus 로고
    • Applied factor analysis
    • IL: Northwestern University Press
    • Rummel, R. (1970). Applied factor analysis. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press
    • (1970) Evanston
    • Rummel, R.1
  • 46
    • 0004192138 scopus 로고
    • Asian indian americans
    • In P. G. Min (Ed.) Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
    • Sheth, M. (1995). Asian Indian Americans. In P. G. Min (Ed.), Asian Americans: Contemporary trends and issues (pp. 169-198). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
    • (1995) Asian Americans: Contemporary Trends And Issues , pp. 169-198
    • Sheth, M.1
  • 47
    • 0001574239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unpackaging culture's influence on self-esteem and embarrassability: The role of self-construals
    • doi:10.1177/0022022199030003003
    • Singelis, T., Bond, M. H., Sharkey, W. F., & Lai, C. S. (1999). Unpackaging culture's influence on self-esteem and embarrassability: The role of self-construals. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 30, 315-341. doi:10.1177/0022022199030003003
    • (1999) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , vol.30 , pp. 315-341
    • Singelis, T.1    Bond, M.H.2    Sharkey, W.F.3    Lai, C.S.4
  • 48
    • 84925734989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • South Asian Americans: Culture, concerns, and therapeutic strategies
    • In J. Mio & G. Iwamasa (Eds.) New York, NY: Brunner Routledge
    • Tewari, N., Inman, A. G., & Sandhu, D. S. (2003). South Asian Americans: Culture, concerns, and therapeutic strategies. In J. Mio & G. Iwamasa (Eds.), Culturally diverse mental health: The challenges of research and resistance (pp. 191-209). New York, NY: Brunner Routledge
    • (2003) Culturally Diverse Mental Health: The Challenges Of Research And Resistance , pp. 191-209
    • Tewari, N.1    Inman, A.G.2    Sandhu, D.S.3
  • 49
    • 57349120129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gendered racism, psychological distress, and coping styles of African American women
    • doi:10.1037/1099-9809.14.4.307
    • Thomas, A. J., Witherspoon, K. M., & Speight, S. L. (2008). Gendered racism, psychological distress, and coping styles of African American women. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 14, 307- 314. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.14.4.307
    • (2008) Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology , vol.14 , pp. 307-314
    • Thomas, A.J.1    Witherspoon, K.M.2    Speight, S.L.3
  • 50
    • 84874060938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived discrimination, acculturative stress, and depression among South Asians: Mixed findings
    • doi: 10.1037/a0024661
    • Tummala-Narra, P., Alegria, M., & Chen, C.-N. (2012). Perceived discrimination, acculturative stress, and depression among South Asians: Mixed findings. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 3, 3-16. doi: 10.1037/a0024661
    • (2012) Asian American Journal of Psychology , vol.3 , pp. 3-16
    • Tummala-Narra, P.1    Alegria, M.2    Chen, C.-N.3
  • 51
    • 80053978578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asian Indians' responses to discrimination: A mixed-method examination of identity coping and self-esteem
    • doi:10.1037/a0025555
    • Tummala-Narra, P., Inman, A. G., & Ettigi, S. (2011). Asian Indians' responses to discrimination: A mixed-method examination of identity, coping, and self-esteem. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 2, 205-218. doi:10.1037/a0025555
    • (2011) Asian American Journal of Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 205-218
    • Tummala-Narra, P.1    Inman, A.G.2    Ettigi, S.3
  • 52
    • 0036061871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race-related stress, quality of life indicators, and life satisfaction among elderly African Americans
    • doi:10.1037/1099-9809.8.3.224
    • Utsey, S. O., Payne, Y., Jackson, E., & Jones, A. (2002). Race-related stress, quality of life indicators, and life satisfaction among elderly African Americans. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 8, 224-233. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.8.3.224
    • (2002) Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology , vol.8 , pp. 224-233
    • Utsey, S.O.1    Payne, Y.2    Jackson, E.3    Jones, A.4
  • 53
    • 0005656570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of the index of race related stress
    • doi:10.1037/0022-0167.43.4.490
    • Utsey, S. O., & Ponterotto, J. G. (1996). Development and validation of the index of race related stress. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43, 490-501. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.43.4.490
    • (1996) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.43 , pp. 490-501
    • Utsey, S.O.1    Ponterotto, J.G.2
  • 54
    • 0040958434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial discrimination, coping, life satisfaction, and self-esteem among African Americans
    • doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.2000.tb02562.x
    • Utsey, S. O., Ponterotto, J. G., Reynolds, A. L., & Cancelli, A. A. (2000). Racial discrimination, coping, life satisfaction, and self-esteem among African Americans. Journal of Counseling & Development, 78, 72-80. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.2000.tb02562.x
    • (2000) Journal of Counseling & Development , vol.78 , pp. 72-80
    • Utsey, S.O.1    Ponterotto, J.G.2    Reynolds, A.L.3    Cancelli, A.A.4
  • 55
    • 10144230684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life satisfaction of Indian immigrants in Canada
    • doi: 10.1177/097133360001200201
    • Vohra, N., & Adair, J. (2000). Life satisfaction of Indian immigrants in Canada. Psychology and Developing Societies, 12, 109 -138. doi: 10.1177/097133360001200201
    • (2000) Psychology and Developing Societies , vol.12 , pp. 109-138
    • Vohra, N.1    Adair, J.2
  • 56
    • 84867882571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrimination against Asian Americans
    • doi:10.1108/02610 150110786750
    • Wang, D., & Kleiner, B. H. (2001). Discrimination against Asian Americans. Equal Opportunities International, 20, 64-69. doi:10.1108/02610 150110786750
    • (2001) Equal Opportunities International , vol.20 , pp. 64-69
    • Wang, D.1    Kleiner, B.H.2
  • 57
    • 0037311382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial/ethnic discrimination and health: Findings from community studies
    • doi:10.2105/AJPH.93.2.200
    • Williams, D. R., Neighbors, H. W., & Jackson, J. S. (2003). Racial/ethnic discrimination and health: Findings from community studies. American Journal of Public Health, 93, 200-208. doi:10.2105/AJPH.93.2.200
    • (2003) American Journal of Public Health , vol.93 , pp. 200-208
    • Williams, D.R.1    Neighbors, H.W.2    Jackson, J.S.3
  • 58
    • 84885163447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In Wikipedia. Retrieved September 11 from
    • Wisconsin Sikh Temple Shooting. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved September 11, 2012, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012-Wisconsin-Sikh- temple-shooting
    • (2012) Wisconsin Sikh Temple Shooting
  • 59
    • 43949114213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial discrimination and psychological distress: The impact of ethnic identity and age among immigrant and United States-born Asian adults
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.3.787
    • Yip, T., Gee, G. C., & Takeuchi, D. T. (2008). Racial discrimination and psychological distress: The impact of ethnic identity and age among immigrant and United States-born Asian adults. Developmental Psychology, 44, 787-800. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.3.787
    • (2008) Developmental Psychology , vol.44 , pp. 787-800
    • Yip, T.1    Gee, G.C.2    Takeuchi, D.T.3
  • 60
    • 27744604713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic identity and approach type coping as moderators of the racial discrimination/well-being relation in Asian Americans
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.52.4.497
    • Yoo, H., & Lee, R. (2005). Ethnic identity and approach type coping as moderators of the racial discrimination/well-being relation in Asian Americans. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, 497-506. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.52.4.497
    • (2005) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 497-506
    • Yoo, H.1    Lee, R.2
  • 61
    • 38649113939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does ethnic identity buffer or exacerbate the effects of frequent racial discrimination on situational well-being of Asian Americans?
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.55.1.63
    • Yoo, H., & Lee, R. (2008). Does ethnic identity buffer or exacerbate the effects of frequent racial discrimination on situational well-being of Asian Americans? Journal of Counseling Psychology, 55, 63-74. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.55.1.63
    • (2008) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.55 , pp. 63-74
    • Yoo, H.1    Lee, R.2
  • 62
    • 84867888589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Day-to-day discrimination and health among Asian Indians: A population-based study of gujarati men and women in metropolitan detroit
    • doi:10.1007/s10865-011-9375-z
    • Yoshihama, M., Bybee, D., & Blazevski, J. (2011). Day-to-day discrimination and health among Asian Indians: A population-based study of Gujarati men and women in Metropolitan Detroit. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 1-13. doi:10.1007/s10865-011-9375-z
    • (2011) Journal of Behavioral Medicine , pp. 1-13
    • Yoshihama, M.1    Bybee, D.2    Blazevski, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.