Increasing physical activity for the treatment of hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Sports Medicine

Volumn 43, Issue 10, 2013, Pages 1009-1023

  Semlitsch, Thomas ^a,b   Jeitler, Klaus ^a   Hemkens, Lars G ^d   Horvath, Karl ^a   Nagele, Eva ^a   Schuermann, Christoph ^c   Pignitter, Nicole ^a   Herrmann, Kirsten H ^c   Waffenschmidt, Siw ^c   Siebenhofer, Andrea ^e  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF GRAZ   (Austria)

^b JOANNEUM RESEARCH   (Austria)

^c INSTITUTE FOR QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY IN HEALTH CARE IQWIG   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL BASEL   (Switzerland)

^e GOETHE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BLOOD PRESSURE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; KINESIOTHERAPY; META ANALYSIS; METHODOLOGY; MOTOR ACTIVITY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW;

BLOOD PRESSURE; EXERCISE THERAPY; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; MOTOR ACTIVITY;

EID: 84885087562     PISSN: 01121642     EISSN: 11792035     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s40279-013-0065-6     Document Type: Review

References (69)

1. World Health Organisation. Fact sheet no. 317 - cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). 2011. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs317/en/index.html. Accessed 29 Aug 2012.
2. Kannel WB. Blood pressure as a cardiovascular risk factor: prevention and treatment. JAMA. 1996;275(20):1571-6.
3. World Health Organisation. Chronic disease - key risk factors include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, low fruit and vegetable intake. 2003. http://www.who.int/entity/dietphysicalactivity/media/en/gsfs-chronic-disease. pdf. Accessed 2 Jan 2012.
4. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2003;42(6):1206-52.
5. Daskalopoulou SS, Khan NA, Quinn RR, et al. The 2012 Canadian hypertension education program recommendations for the management of hypertension: blood pressure measurement, diagnosis, assessment of risk, and therapy. Can J Cardiol. 2012;28(3):270-87.
6. Deutsche Hochdruckliga, Deutsche Hypertonie Gesellschaft. Leitlinien zur Behandlung der arteriellen Hypertonie. 2008. http://www.awmf.org/uploads/tx- szleitlinien/046-001-S2-Behandlung-der-arteriellen-Hypertonie-06-2008-06-2013. pdf. Accessed 2 Jan 2012.
7. European Society of Hypertension, European Society of Cardiology. 2007 guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens. 2007;25(6):1105-87.
8. National Institute for Clinical Excellence. Hypertension: the clinical management of primary hypertension in adults. Clinical Guideline 127: methods, evidence, and recommendations. 2011. http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/ 13561/56007/56007.pdf. Accessed 2 Jan 2012.
9. Sandvik L, Erikssen J, Thaulow E, et al. Physical fitness as a predictor of mortality among healthy, middle-aged Norwegian men. N Engl J Med. 1993;328(8):533-7.
10. Sui X, LaMonte MJ, Laditka JN, et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity as mortality predictors in older adults. JAMA. 2007;298(21):2507-16.
11. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004;364(9438):937-52.
12. Fagard RH. Exercise is good for your blood pressure: effects of endurance training and resistance training. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2006;33(9):853-6.
13. Cornelissen VA, Fagard RH. Effect of resistance training on resting blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Hypertens. 2005;23(2):251-9.
14. Cornelissen VA, Fagard RH. Effects of endurance training on blood pressure, blood pressure-regulating mechanisms, and cardiovascular risk factors. Hypertension. 2005;46(4):667-75.
15. Halbert JA, Silagy CA, Finucane P, et al. The effectiveness of exercise training in lowering blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of 4 weeks or longer. J Hum Hypertens. 1997;11(10):641-9.
16. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Benefit assessment of non-drug treatment strategies in patients with essential hypertension: weight reduction. IQWiG reports - commission no. A05-21A, full report (German). 2006. https://www.iqwig.de/download/A05-21A-Abschlussbericht-Gewichtsreduktion-bei- Bluthochdruck-neu.pdf. Accessed 2 Jan 2012.
17. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Benefit assessment of non-drug treatment strategies in patients with essential hypertension: sodium reduction, IQWiG reports - commission no. A05-21B, full report (German). 2009. https://www.iqwig.de/download/A05-21B-Rapid-Report-Nichtmedikamentoese- Behandlungsstrategien-bei-Hypertonie-Kochsalzreduktion.pdf. Accessed 2 Jan 2012.
18. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Benefit assessment of non-drug treatment strategies in patients with essential hypertension: stress-coping interventions, IQWiG reports - commission no. A05-21F, full report (German). 2012. https://www.iqwig.de/download/A05-21F-Rapid-Report- Nichtmedikamentoese-Behandlungsstrategien-bei-Hypertonie-Stressbewaeltigung-neu. pdf. Accessed 8 Sep 2012.
19. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Benefit assessment of non-drug treatment strategies in patients with essential hypertension: Special diets without the primary aim of reducing weight or salt intake, IQWiG reports - commission No. A05-21C, full report (German). 2012. https://www.iqwig.de/download/A05-21C-RR-Spezielle-Ernaehrungsformen-bei- Hypertonie.pdf. Accessed 8 Sep 2012.
20. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Cessation of smoking in essential hypertension, IQWiG reports - commission no. A05-21G, full report (German). 2012. https://www.iqwig.de/download/A05-21G-Rapid-Report- Nichtmedikamentoese-Behandlungsstrategien-bei-Hypertonie-Rauchverzicht.pdf. Accessed 8 Sep 2012.
21. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Reduction of alcohol consumption in essential hypertension, IQWiG reports - commission no. A05-21E, full report (German). 2012. https://www.iqwig.de/download/A05-21E-Rapid-Report- Reduktion-des-Alkoholkonsums-bei-Hypertonie.pdf. Accessed 8 Sep 2012.
22. Horvath K, Jeitler K, Siering U, et al. Long-term effects of weight-reducing interventions in hypertensive patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(6):571-80.
23. Matyas E, Jeitler K, Horvath K, et al. Benefit assessment of salt reduction in patients with hypertension: systematic overview. J Hypertens. 2011;29(5):821-8.
24. Siebenhofer A, Horvath K, Jeitler K, et al. Long-term effects of weight-reducing drugs in hypertensive patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(3):CD007654.
25. Siebenhofer A, Jeitler K, Berghold A, et al. Long-term effects of weight-reducing diets in hypertensive patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(9):CD008274.
26. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Benefit assessment of non-drug treatment strategies in patients with essential hypertension: increase of physical activity, IQWiG reports - commission no. A05-21D, full report (German). 2010. https://www.iqwig.de/download/A05-21D-Rapid-Report- Nichtmedikamentoese-Behandlungsstrategien-bei-Hypertonie-Steigerung-der- koerperlichen-Aktivitaet.pdf. Accessed 2 Jan 2012.
27. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Benefit assessment of non-drug treatment strategies in patients with essential hypertension: increase of physical activity, IQWiG reports - commission no. A05-21D, executive summary. 2010. https://www.iqwig.de/download/A05-21D-Executive-summary- Increase-of-physical-activity-in-essential-hypertension.pdf. Accessed 2 Jan 2012.
28. Jadad AR, Murray WE. Randomized controlled trials: questions, answers and musings. 2nd ed. Malden: BMJ Books; 2007.
29. Oxman AD, Guyatt GH. Validation of an index of the quality of review articles. J Clin Epidemiol. 1991;44(11):1271-8.
30. Oxman AD, Guyatt GH, Singer J, et al. Agreement among reviewers of review articles. J Clin Epidemiol. 1991;44(1):91-8.
31. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. General methods: version 4.0. 2011. https://www.iqwig.de/download/General-Methods-4-0.pdf. Accessed 2 Jan 2012.
32. DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials. 1986;7(3):177-88.
33. Arroll B, Beaglehole R. Salt restriction and physical activity in treated hypertensives. N Z Med J. 1003;1995(108):266-8.
34. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, et al. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327(7414):557-60.
35. Dickinson HO, Mason JM, Nicolson DJ, et al. Lifestyle interventions to reduce raised blood pressure: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Hypertens. 2006;24(2):215-33.
36. Whelton SP, Chin A, Xin X, et al. Effect of aerobic exercise on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136(7):493-503.
37. Yeh GY, Wang C, Wayne PM, et al. The effect of tai chi exercise on blood pressure: a systematic review. Prev Cardiol. 2008;11(2):82-9.
38. Cleroux J, Feldman RD, Petrella RJ. Lifestyle modifications to prevent and control hypertension. 4. Recommendations on physical exercise training. Canadian Hypertension Society, Canadian Coalition for High Blood Pressure Prevention and Control, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control at Health Canada, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. CMAJ. 1999;160(9 Suppl):S21-8.
39. Ebrahim S, Smith GD. Lowering blood pressure: a systematic review of sustained effects of non-pharmacological interventions. J Public Health Med. 1998;20(4):441-8.
40. Kelley G. Dynamic resistance exercise and resting blood pressure in adults: a meta-analysis. J Appl Physiol. 1997;82(5):1559-65.
41. Kelley GA, Kelley KA, Tran ZV. Aerobic exercise and resting blood pressure: a meta-analytic review of randomized, controlled trials. Prev Cardiol. 2001;4(2):73-80.
42. Kelley GA, Sharpe Kelley K. Aerobic exercise and resting blood pressure in older adults: a meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56(5):M298-303.
43. Lee MS, Pittler MH, Taylor-Piliae RE, et al. Tai chi for cardiovascular disease and its risk factors: a systematic review. J Hypertens. 2007;25(9):1974-5.
44. North of England Hypertension Guideline Development Group. Essential hypertension: managing adult patients in primpary care. 2004. http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/CG18background.pdf. Accessed 2 Jan 2012.
45. Petrella RJ. How effective is exercise training for the treatment of hypertension? Clin J Sport Med. 1998;8(3):224-31.
46. Anderssen S, Haaland A, Hjermann I, et al. Oslo Diet and Exercise Study: a one-year randomized intervention trial. Effect on hemostatic variables and other coronary risk factors. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 1995;5:189-200.
47. Anderssen S, Holme I, Urdal P, et al. Diet and exercise intervention have favourable effects on blood pressure in mild hypertensives: the Oslo Diet and Exercise Study (ODES). Blood Press. 1995;4(6):343-9.
48. Cononie CC, Graves JE, Pollock ML, et al. Effect of exercise training on blood pressure in 70- to 79-yr-old men and women. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1991;23(4):505-11.
49. Hagberg JM, Graves JE, Limacher M, et al. Cardiovascular responses of 70- to 79-yr-old men and women to exercise training. J Appl Physiol. 1989;66(6):2589-94.
50. Hagberg JM, Montain SJ, Martin WH 3rd, et al. Effect of exercise training in 60- to 69-year-old persons with essential hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 1989;64(5):348-53.
51. Halbert JA, Silagy CA, Finucane P, et al. Recruitment of older adults for a randomized, controlled trial of exercise advice in a general practice setting. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1999;47(4):477-81.
52. Halbert JA, Silagy CA, Finucane PM, et al. Physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors: effect of advice from an exercise specialist in Australian general practice. Med J Aust. 2000;173(2):84-7.
53. Lee L-L, Arthur A, Avis M. Evaluating a community-based walking intervention for hypertensive older people in Taiwan: a randomized controlled trial. Prev Med. 2007;44(2):160-6.
54. Sohn AJ, Hasnain M, Sinacore JM. Impact of exercise (walking) on blood pressure levels in African American adults with newly diagnosed hypertension. Ethn Dis. 2007;17(3):503-7.
55. Sridhar B, Haleagrahara N, Bhat R, et al. Increase in the heart rate variability with deep breathing in diabetic patients after 12-month exercise training. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2010;220(2):107-13.
56. The ODES Investigators. The Oslo Diet and Exercise Study (ODES): design and objectives. Control Clin Trials. 1993;14(3):229-43.
57. Tsuda K, Yoshikawa A, Kimura K, et al. Effects of mild aerobic physical exercise on membrane fluidity of erythrocytes in essential hypertension. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2003;30(5-6):382-6.
58. Psaty BM, Lumley T, Furberg CD, et al. Health outcomes associated with various antihypertensive therapies used as first-line agents: a network meta-analysis. JAMA. 2003;289(19):2534-44.
59. ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients randomized to doxazosin vs chlorthalidone: the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). JAMA. 2000;283(15):1967-75.
60. ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). JAMA. 2002;288(23):2981-97.
61. Dahlöf B, Devereux RB, Kjeldsen SE, et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet. 2002;359(9311):995-1003.
62. Messerli FH. Implications of discontinuation of doxazosin arm of ALLHAT. Lancet. 2000;355(9207):863-4.
63. Neal B, MacMahon S, Chapman N. Effects of ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and other blood-pressure-lowering drugs: results of prospectively designed overviews of randomised trials. Lancet. 2000;356(9246):1955-64.
64. Pahor M, Psaty BM, Alderman MH, et al. Health outcomes associated with calcium antagonists compared with other first-line antihypertensive therapies: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet. 2000;356(9246):1949-54.
65. Psaty BM, Smith NL, Siscovick DS, et al. Health outcomes associated with antihypertensive therapies used as first-line agents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 1997;277(9):739-45.
66. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Benefit assessment of non-drug treatment strategies in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2: increase of physical activity, IQWiG reports - commission No. A05-06A, full report (German). 2012. https://www.iqwig.de/download/A05-06A-RR-Steigerung-der- koerperlichen-Aktivitaet-bei-Diabetes-mellitus-Typ-2-%282%29.pdf. Accessed 8 Sep 2012.
67. Brown MJ. Hypertension and ethnic group. BMJ. 2006;332(7545):833-6.
68. Cornelissen VA, Fagard RH, Coeckelberghs E, et al. Impact of resistance training on blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Hypertension. 2011;58(5):950-8.
69. Rossi A, Dikareva A, Bacon SL, et al. The impact of physical activity on mortality in patients with high blood pressure: a systematic review. J Hypertens. 2012;30(7):1277-88.