Opportunistic infections-coming to the limits of immunosuppression?

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

Volumn 3, Issue 10, 2013, Pages

  Fishman, Jay A ^a  

^a MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT;

ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; CHEMICALLY INDUCED DISORDER; DONOR; GRAFT REJECTION; HISTOCOMPATIBILITY; HUMAN; IMMUNOLOGY; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; MICROFLORA; OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; TRANSPLANTATION;

ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS; GRAFT REJECTION; HUMANS; IMMUNITY, CELLULAR; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS; MICROBIOTA; OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; RISK FACTORS; TISSUE DONORS; TRANSPLANTATION; TRANSPLANTATION IMMUNOLOGY;

EID: 84885078034     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21571422     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a015669     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Adams AB, Pearson TC, Larsen CP. 2003a. Heterologous immunity: An overlooked barrier to tolerance. Immunol Rev 196: 147-160.
2. Adams AB, Williams MA, Jones TR, Shirasugi N, Durham MM, Kaech SM, Wherry EJ, Onami T, Lanier JG, Kokko KE, et al. 2003b. Heterologous immunity provides a potent barrier to transplantation tolerance. J Clin Invest 111: 1887-1895.
3. Avery RK. 2006. Infections after lung transplantation. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 27: 544-551.
4. Bando K, Paradis IL, Komatsu K, Konishi H, Matsushima M, Keena RJ, Hardesty RL, Armitage JM, Griffith BP. 1995. Analysis of time-dependent risks for infection, rejection, and death after pulmonary transplantation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 109: 49-57; discussion 57-49.
5. Biswas R, Tabor E, Hsia CC, Wright DJ, Laycock ME, Fiebig EW, Peddada L, Smith R, Schreiber GB, Epstein JS, et al. 2003. Comparative sensitivity of HBV NATs and HBsAg assays for detection of acute HBV infection. Transfusion 43: 788-798.
6. Bloom RD, Lake JR. 2006. Emerging issues in hepatitis C virus-positive liver and kidney transplant recipients.Am J Transplant 6: 2232-2237.
7. Braciale TJ, Andrew ME, Braciale VL. 1981. Simultaneous expression of H-2-restricted and alloreactive recognition by a cloned line of influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J Exp Med 153: 1371-1376.
8. Brehm MA, Pinto AK, Daniels KA, Schneck JP, Welsh RM, Selin LK. 2002. T cell immunodominance and maintenance of memory regulated by unexpectedly cross-reactive pathogens. Nat Immunol 3: 627-634.
9. Busch MP, Lee LL, Satten GA, Henrard DR, Farzadegan H, Nelson KE, Read S, Dodd RY, Petersen LR. 1995. Time course of detection of viral and serologic markers preceding human immunodeficiency virus type 1 serocon-version: Implications for screening of blood and tissue donors. Transfusion 35: 91-97.
10. Busch MP, Glynn SA, Stramer SL, Strong DM, Caglioti S, Wright DJ, Pappalardo B, Kleinman SH. 2005. A new strategy for estimating risks of transfusion-transmitted viral infections based on rates of detection of recently infected donors. Transfusion 45: 254-264.
11. Chong AS, Alegre ML. 2012. The impact of infection and tissue damage in solid-organ transplantation. Nat Rev Immunol 12: 459-471.
12. D'Albuquerque LA, Gonzalez AM, Filho HL, Copstein JL, Larrea FI, Mansero JM, Peron G Jr, Ribeiro MA Jr, Oli-veira e Silva A. 2007. Liver transplantation from deceased donors serologically positive for Chagas disease. Am J Transplant 7: 680-684.
13. Delmonico FL, Snydman DR. 1998. Organ donor screening for infectious diseases: Review of practice and implications for transplantation. Transplantation 65: 603-610.
14. Eastlund T. 2000. Hemodilution duetoblood loss and transfusion and reliability of cadaver tissue donor infectious disease testing. Cell Tissue Bank 1: 121-127.
15. Fiebig EW, Wright DJ, Rawal BD, Garrett PE, Schumacher RT, Peddada L, Heldebrant C, Smith R, Conrad A, Klein-man SH, et al. 2003. Dynamics of HIV viremia and antibody sero conversion in plasma donors: Implications for diagnosis and staging of primary HIV infection. AIDS 17: 1871-1879.
16. Fishman JA. 2007. Infection in solid-organ transplant recipients. N Engl J Med 357: 2601-2614.
17. Fishman JA. 2008. Rapporto dell'OMS sulla valutazione del programma nazionale trapianti in Italia. Trapianti 12: 37-53.
18. Fishman JA, Rubin RH. 1998. Infection in organ-transplant recipients. N Engl J Med 338: 1741-1751.
19. Fishman JA, Greenwald MA, Kuehnert MJ. 2007. Enhancing transplant safety: A new era in the microbiologic evaluation of organ donors? Am J Transplant 7: 2652-2654.
20. Fishman JA, Strong DM, Kuehnert MJ. 2009. Organ and tissue safety workshop 2007: Advances and challenges. Cell Tissue Bank 10: 271-280.
21. Freeman RB, Giatras I, Falagas ME, Supran S, O'Connor K, Bradley J, Snydman DR, Delmonico FL. 1999. Outcome of transplantation of organs procured from bacteremic donors. Transplantation 68: 1107-1111.
22. Grossi P, Strong DM. 2009. The role of testing in determining suitability of donors and tissues. In Tissue and cell donation: An essential guide (ed. Warwick DFRM, Bru-baker SA, Eastlund T). Blackwell, New York.
23. Grossi PA, Fishman JA, AST Infectious Disease Community of Practice. 2009. Donor-derived infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 9: S19-S26.
24. Hodson EM, Jones CA, Webster AC, Strippoli GF, Barclay PG, Kable K, Vimalachandra D, Craig JC. 2005. Antiviral medicationsto prevent cytomegalovirus disease and early death in recipients of solid-organ transplants: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Lancet 365: 2105-2115.
25. Huang RC, Fishman JA. 2011. Screening of deceased organ donors: No easy answers. Transplantation 91: 146-149.
26. Husain S, Raza K, Pilewski JM, Zaldonis D, Crespo M, Toyoda Y, Shutt K, Spichty K, Bentlejewski C, Pakstis DL, et al. 2009. Experience with immune monitoring in lung transplant recipients: Correlation of low immune function with infection. Transplantation 87: 1852-1857.
27. Ison MG, Llata E, Conover CS, Friedewald JJ, Gerber SI, Grigoryan A, Heneine W, Millis JM, Simon DM, Teo CG, et al. 2011. Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 11: 1218-1225.
28. Issa NC, Fishman JA. 2009. Infectious complications of antilymphocyte therapies in solid organ transplantation. Clin Infect Dis 48: 772-786.
29. Kalil AC, Levitsky J, Lyden E, Stoner J, Freifeld AG. 2005. Meta-analysis: The efficacy of strategies to prevent organ disease by cytomegalovirus in solid organ transplant recipients. Ann Intern Med 143: 870-880.
30. Kleinman SH, Busch MP. 2006. Assessing the impact of HBV NAT on window period reduction and residual risk. J Clin Virol 36: S23-S29.
31. Kleinman SH, Kuhns MC, Todd DS, Glynn SA, McNamara A, DiMarco A, Busch MP. 2003. Frequencyof HBV DNA detection in US blood donors testing positive for the presence of anti-HBc: Implications for transfusion transmission and donor screening. Transfusion 43: 696-704.
32. Kolk DP, Dockter J, Linnen J, Ho-Sing-Loy M, Gillotte-Tay-lor K, McDonough SH, Mimms L, Giachetti C. 2002. Significant closure of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and hepatitis C virus preseroconversion detection windows with a transcription-mediated-amplifica-tion-driven assay. J Clin Microbiol 40: 1761-1766.
33. Kroshus TJ, Kshettry VR, Savik K, John R, Hertz MI, Bol-man RM 3rd. 1997. Risk factors for the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung transplantation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 114: 195-202.
34. Len O, Gavalda J, Blanes M, Montejo M, San Juan R, Moreno A, Carratala J, de la Torre-Cisneros J, Bou G, Cor-dero E, et al. 2008. Donor infection and transmission to the recipientof a solid allograft. AmJ Transplant 8: 2420-2425.
35. Lowance D, Neumayer HH, Legendre CM, Squifflet JP, Ko-varik J, Brennan PJ, Norman D, Mendez R, Keating MR, Coggon GL, et al. 1999. Valacyclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease after renal transplantation. International Valacyclovir Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis Transplantation Study Group. N Engl J Med 340: 1462-1470.
36. Lumbreras C, Sanz F, Gonzalez A, Perez G, Ramos MJ, Aguado JM, Lizasoain M, Andres A, Moreno E, Gomez MA, et al. 2001. Clinical significance of donor-unrecognized bacteremia in the outcome of solid-organ transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 33: 722-726.
37. Nanni Costa A, Grossi P, Gianelli Castiglione A, Grigioni WF. 2008. Quality and safety in the Italian donor evaluation process. Transplantation 85: S52-S56.
38. Nellore A, Fishman JA. 2011. NK cells, innate immunity and hepatitis C infection after liver transplantation. Clin Infect Dis 52: 369-377.
39. Pillonel J, Saura C, Courouce AM. 1998. Prevalence of HIV, HTLV, and hepatitis B and C viruses in blood donors in France, 1992-1996 (in French). Transfus Clin Biol 5: 305-312.
40. Potena L, Valantine HA. 2007. Cytomegalovirus-associated allograft rejection in heart transplant patients. Curr Opin Infects Dis 20: 425-431.
41. Rubin RH, Wolfson JS, Cosimi AB, Tolkoff-Rubin NE. 1981. Infection in the renal transplant recipient. Am J Med 70: 405-411.
42. Satoi S, Bramhall SR, Solomon M, Hastings M, Mayer AD, de Goyet JV, Buckels JA, McMaster P, Mirza DF. 2001. The use of liver grafts from donors with bacterial meningitis. Transplantation 72: 1108-1113.
43. Schreiber GB, Busch MP, Kleinman SH, Korelitz JJ. 1996. The risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infections. The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study. N Engl J Med 334: 1685-1690.
44. Selin LK, Nahill SR, Welsh RM. 1994. Cross-reactivities in memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition of heterol-ogous viruses. J Exp Med 179: 1933-1943.
45. Singh N. 2002. Impact of donor bacteremia on outcome in organ transplant recipients. Liver Transpl 8: 975-976.
46. Small LN, Lau J, Snydman DR. 2006. Preventing post-organ transplantation cytomegalovirus disease with ganciclo-vir: Meta-analysis comparing prophylactic and preemptive therapies. Clin Infect Dis 43: 869-880.
47. + T-cell failure during chronic hepatitisC virus infection. Hepatology 42: 828-837.
48. USPH Service. 1994. PHS guideline for preventing transmission of HIV through transplantation of human tissue and organs. In Morbidity and mortality weekly report (MMWR), pp. 1-17.
49. USPH Service. 2011. (Draft) Public Health Service guideline for reducing transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) through solid organ transplantation (ed. DoHaH Services), Docket No. CDC-2011-0011. CDC Federal Register.
50. van Delden C, Blumberg EA, AST Infectious Diseases Community of Practice. 2009. Multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria in solid organ transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 9: S27-S34.
51. Yao F, Seed C, Farrugia A, Morgan D, Cordner S, Wood D, Zheng MH. 2007. The risk of HIV, HBV, HCVand HTLV infection among musculoskeletal tissue donors in Australia. Am J Transplant 7: 2723-2726.
52. Yao F, Seed C, Farrugia A, Morgan D, Wood D, Zheng MH. 2008. Comparison of the risk of viral infection between the living and nonliving musculoskeletal tissue donors in Australia. Transpl Int 21: 936-941.
53. Yewdell JW, Bennink JR. 1999. Immunodominance inmajor histocompatibility complex class I-restricted T lymphocyte responses. Annu Rev Immunol 17: 51-88.