Prevalence, Trends and associated socio-economic factors of obesity in South Asia

Obesity Facts

Volumn 6, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 405-414

  Jayawardena, Ranil ^a,b   Byrne, Nuala M ^a   Soares, Mario J ^c   Katulanda, Prasad ^b   Hills, Andrew P ^d  

^a QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COLOMBO   (Sri Lanka)

^c CURTIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^d GRIFFITH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Obesity; Prevalence; Socio economic factors; South Asia; Trend

Indexed keywords

ABDOMINAL OBESITY; ARTICLE; ASIAN; BANGLADESH; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT; DIETARY INTAKE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; EPIDEMIC; ETHNIC DIFFERENCE; HUMAN; LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; MARRIAGE; MEDLINE; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; PHYSICAL INACTIVITY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RURAL POPULATION; SEX DIFFERENCE; SMOKING; SOCIAL STATUS; SOUTH ASIA; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TREND STUDY; TUBERCULOSIS; URBAN AREA; URBAN POPULATION; WAIST TO HEIGHT RATIO; ETHNIC GROUP; RURAL AREA; SOCIOECONOMICS; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ASIA, WESTERN; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; EPIDEMICS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; OBESITY, ABDOMINAL; OVERWEIGHT; SEX FACTORS; SOCIAL CLASS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84885061225     PISSN: 16624025     EISSN: 16624033     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000355598     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. WHO: Obesity and overweight; in WHO (ed): Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health. Geneva, WHO, 2010. www.who.int/ dietphysicalactivity/strategy/eb11344/strategy-english-web.pdf.
2. Caballero B: The global epidemic of obesity: an overview. Epidemiol Rev 2007; 29: 1-5. (Pubitemid 47229648)
3. McLaren L: Socioeconomic status and obesity. Epidemiol Rev 2007; 29: 29-48. (Pubitemid 47229637)
4. Snyder JD, Merson MH: The magnitude of the global problem of acute diarrhoeal disease: A review of active surveillance data. Bull World Health Organ 1982; 60: 605-613. (Pubitemid 13200473)
5. Muller O, Krawinkel M: Malnutrition and health in developing countries. Can Med Assoc J 2005; 173: 279-286. (Pubitemid 41097746)
6. Misra A, Khurana L: Obesity-related non-communicable diseases: South Asians vs white Caucasians. Int J Obes (Lond) 2010; 35: 167-187.
7. Ghaffar A, Reddy K, Singhi M: Burden of non-communicable diseases in South Asia. BMJ 2004; 328: 807-810. (Pubitemid 38446379)
8. The Central Intelligence Agency: The World Factbook: South Asia, 2010. www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/.
9. Yoon K, Lee J, Kim J, Cho J, Choi Y, Ko S, Zimmet P, Son H: Epidemic obesity and type 2 diabetes in Asia. Lancet 2006; 368: 1681-1688. (Pubitemid 46048556)
10. Sharma M: Designing effective health education interventions for preventing obesity in South Asian Americans. Calif J Health Promot 2006; 4: 119-128.
11. SAARC: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. http://www.saarc-sec.org/.
12. Ahmed S, Lemkau J: Cultural issues in the primary care of South Asians. J Immigr Health 2000; 2: 89-96. (Pubitemid 33353234)
13. Aboobakur M, Latheef A, Mohamed A, Moosa S, Pandey R, Krishnan A, Prabhakaran D: Surveillance for noncommunicable disease risk factors in maldives: results from the first steps survey in male. Int J Public Health 2010; 55: 489-496.
14. Katulanda P, Jayawardena MA, Sheriff MH, Constantine GR, Matthews DR: Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Sri Lankan adults. Obes Rev 2010; 11: 751-756.
15. Sharma SK, Ghimire A, Radhakrishnan J, Thapa L, Shrestha NR, Paudel N, Gurung K, R M, Budathoki A, Baral N, Brodie D: Prevalence of hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome in Nepal. Int J Hypertens 2011; 2011: 821971.
16. Shafique S, Akhter N, Stallkamp G, de Pee S, Panagides D, Bloem MW: Trends of under-and overweight among rural and urban poor women indicate the double burden of malnutrition in Bangladesh. Int J Epidemiol 2007; 36: 449-457. (Pubitemid 47062868)
17. Razzaque A, Nahar L, Van Minh H, Ng N, Juvekar S, Ashraf A, Ahmed SM, Soonthornthada K, Kanungsukkasem U, Huu Bich T: Social factors and overweight: Evidence from nine Asian INDEPTH Network sites. Glob Health Action 2009; 2. doi: 10.3402/gha.v2i0.1991.
18. Jafar TH, Chaturvedi N, Pappas G: Prevalence of overweight and obesity and their association with hypertension and diabetes mellitus in an Indo-Asian population. CMAJ 2006; 175: 1071-1077. (Pubitemid 44683295)
19. Shah S, Hussain A, Jafar T, Reeder B: Obesity in a South Asian population: trends between 1995 and 2007. Obes Rev 2010; 11: 59.
20. IIPS and Macro International: National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), 2005-06:India; in Sciences IIfP (ed). Mumbai, 2007.
21. Deepa M, Farooq S, Deepa R, Manjula D, Mohan V: Prevalence and significance of generalized and central body obesity in an urban Asian Indian population in Chennai, India (cures: 47). Eur J Clin Nutr 2009; 63: 259-267.
22. Mohan V, Mathur P, Deepa R, Deepa M, Shukla DK, Menon GR, Anand K, Desai NG, Joshi PP, Mahanta J, Thankappan KR, Shah B: Urban rural differences in prevalence of self-reported diabetes in India-the WHO-ICMR Indian NCD risk factor surveillance. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2008; 80: 159-168.
23. Fernando D, Siribaddana S, De Silva D: Impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus in a suburban Sri Lankan community. BMJ 1994; 70: 347.
24. Malavige G, de Alwis N, Weerasooriya N, Fernando D, Siribaddana S: Increasing diabetes and vascular risk factors in a sub-urban Sri Lankan population. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2002; 57: 143-145. (Pubitemid 34626454)
25. Balarajan Y, Villamor E: Nationally representative surveys show recent increases in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh, Nepal, and India. J Nutr 2009; 139: 2139-2144.
26. National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB): Diet and nutritional status of rural population; in Bureau NNM (ed): NNMB Technical Report 2002.
27. National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB): Diet and nutritional status of population and prevalence of hypertension amongst adults in rural areas.; in Bureau NNM (ed): NNMB Technical Report, 2007.
28. Singh RB, Pella D, Mechirova V, Kartikey K, Demeester F, Tomar RS, Beegom R, Mehta AS, Gupta SB, De Amit K, Neki NS, Haque M, Nayse J, Singh S, Thakur AS, Rastogi SS, Singh K, Krishna A: Prevalence of obesity, physical inactivity and undernutrition, a triple burden of diseases during transition in a developing economy. The Five City Study Group. Acta Cardiol 2007; 62: 119-127. (Pubitemid 46649228)
29. Wang Y, Chen HJ, Shaikh S, Mathur P: Is obesity becoming a public health problem in India? Examine the shift from under-to overnutrition problems over time. Obes Rev 2009; 10: 456-474.
30. Yajnik CS: Obesity epidemic in India: intrauterine origins? Proc Nutr Soc 2004; 63: 387-396. (Pubitemid 39145497)
31. Subramanian SV, Kawachi I, Smith GD: Income inequality and the double burden of under-and overnutrition in India. J Epidemiol Commun Health 2007; 61: 802-809. (Pubitemid 47315634)
32. Ghosh A: Effects of socio-economic and behavioural characteristics in explaining central obesity-a study on adult Asian Indians in Calcutta, India. Coll Antropol 2006; 30: 265-271. (Pubitemid 43979534)
33. Balkau B, Deanfield J, Després J, Bassand J, Fox K, Smith Jr S, Barter P, Tan C, Van Gaal L, Wittchen H: International Day for the Evaluation of Abdominal Obesity (IDEA): a study of waist circumference, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus in 168 000 primary care patients in 63 countries. Circulation 2007; 116: 1942-1951. (Pubitemid 350287090)
34. WHO Expert Consultation: Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet 2004; 363: 157-163.
35. WHO: Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 2000; 894:i-xii, 1-253.
36. Misra A, Vikram N, Gupta R, Pandey R, Wasir J, Gupta V: Waist circumference cutoff points and action levels for Asian Indians for identification of abdominal obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2005; 30: 106-111. (Pubitemid 41790785)
37. Katulanda P, Jayawardena MA, Sheriff MH, Matthews DR: Derivation of anthropometric cut-off levels to define CVD risk in Sri Lankan adults. Br J Nutr 2011; 105: 1084-1090.
38. Misra A, Chowbey P, Makkar BM, Vikram NK, Wasir JS, Chadha D, Joshi SR, Sadikot S, Gupta R, Gulati S, Munjal YP: Consensus statement for diagnosis of obesity, abdominal obesity and the metabolic syndrome for Asian Indians and recommendations for physical activity, medical and surgical management. J Assoc Physicians India 2009; 57: 163-170.
39. Deurenberg-Yap M, Schmidt G, Van Staveren W, Deurenberg P: The paradox of low body mass index and high body fat percentage among Chinese, Malays and Indians in Singapore. Int J Obes (Lond) 2000; 24: 1011-1017. (Pubitemid 30618121)
40. Razak F, Anand S, Shannon H, Vuksan V, Davis B, Jacobs R, Teo K, McQueen M, Yusuf S: Defining obesity cut points in a multiethnic population. Circulation 2007; 115: 2111-2118. (Pubitemid 46659062)
41. Illangasekera U, Rambodagalla S, Tennakoon S: Temporal trends in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a rural community in Sri Lanka. J R Soc Promot Health 2004; 124: 92-94. (Pubitemid 38444030)
42. Jayawardena R, Byrne NM, Soares MJ, Katulanda P, Hills AP: Consumption of Sri Lankan adults: an appraisal of serving characteristics. Public Health Nutr 2013; 16: 653-658.
43. Flegal K, Carroll M, Ogden C, Curtin L: Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008. JAMA 2010; 303: 235-241.
44. Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration: The burden of overweight and obesity in the Asia-Pacific region. Obes Rev 2007; 8: 191-196.
45. Rennie KL, Jebb SA: Prevalence of obesity in Great Britain. Obes Rev 2005; 6: 11-12.
46. Zaman MM, Yoshiike N: Prevalence of overweight defined by body mass index in a rural adult population of Bangladesh. J Health Popul Nutr 2003; 21: 162-163. (Pubitemid 37080710)
47. Garg C, Khan SA, Ansari SH, Garg M: Prevalence of obesity in Indian women. Obes Rev 2010; 11: 105-108.
48. Jayawardena R, Ranasinghe P, Byrne N, Soares M, Katulanda P, Hills A: Prevalence and trends of the diabetes epidemic in South Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2012; 12: 380.
49. Khan MMH, Kraemer A: Factors associated with being underweight, overweight and obese among evermarried non-pregnant urban women in Bangladesh. Singapore Med J 2009; 50: 804-813.
50. Vaidya AK, Pokharel PK, Nagesh S, Karki P, Kumar S, Majhi S: Association of obesity and physical activity in adult males of Dharan, Nepal. Kathmandu Univ Med J 2006; 4: 192-197. (Pubitemid 44166029)