Road traffic injury mortality and its mechanisms in India: Nationally representative mortality survey of 1.1 million homes

BMJ Open

Volumn 3, Issue 8, 2013, Pages

  Hsiao, Marvin ^a,b   Malhotra, Ajai ^c   Thakur, J S ^d   Sheth, Jay K ^e   Nathens, Avery B ^b,f   Dhingra, Neeraj ^g   Jha, Prabhat ^a  

^a ST MICHAEL'S HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^c VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d POSTGRADUATE INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH   (India)

^e SMT NHL MUNICIPAL MEDICAL COLLEGE   (India)

^f Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre   (Canada)

^g National AIDS Control Organization   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ARTICLE; AUTOPSY; CHILD; DEATH; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; HEAD INJURY; HUMAN; INDIA; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; MOTORCYCLIST; PEDESTRIAN; POLICE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; ROAD TRAFFIC INJURY; RURAL AREA; SCHOOL CHILD; SEX DIFFERENCE; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT; URBAN AREA;

EID: 84884543443     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20446055     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002621     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Peden M, Scurfield R, Sleet D, et al. World report on road traffic injury prevention: World Health Organization. 2004:1-244.
2. Chisholm D, Naci H, Hyder AA, et al. Cost effectiveness of strategies to combat road traffic injuries in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia: mathematical modelling study. BMJ 2012;344:e612.
3. The PLoS Medicine Editors. Preventing road deaths-time for data. PLoS Med 2010;7:e1000257.
4. Barffour M, Gupta S, Gururaj G, et al. Evidence-based road safety practice in India: assessment of the adequacy of publicly available data in meeting requirements for comprehensive road safety data systems. Traffic Inj Prev 2012;13(Suppl 1):17-23.
5. Kopits E, Cropper ML. Traffic fatalities and economic growth. World Bank Development Research Group Environment and Infrastructure, 2003.
6. Sathiyasekaran BW. Population-based cohort study of injuries. Injury 1996;27:695-8. (Pubitemid 27156295)
7. Varghese M, Mohan D. Transportation injuries in rural Haryana, North India. Proceedings of the International Conference on Traffic Safety. 2003:326-9.
8. WHO. Injury prevention and control: an epidemiological study of injuries in the area of Municipal Corporation of Delhi. Regional Office for South-East Asia, 2003:1-18.
9. Gururaj G, Suryanarayana SP. Burden and impact of injuries: results of population-based survey. Proceedings of the 7th World Conference on Injury Prevention. 2004:275-6.
10. Dandona R. Patterns of road traffic injuries in a vulnerable population in Hyderabad, India. Inj Prev 2006;12:183-8. (Pubitemid 44042853)
11. Dandona R, Kumar GA, Ameer MA, et al. Incidence and burden of road traffic injuries in urban India. Inj Prev 2008;14:354-9.
12. Gururaj G. Road traffic deaths, injuries and disabilities in India: current scenario. Natl Med J India 2008;21:14-20. (Pubitemid 351420141)
13. Garg N, Hyder A. Road traffic injuries in India: a review of the literature. Scand J of Public Health 2006;34:100-9. (Pubitemid 43203263)
14. World Health Organization. The global burden of disease: 2004 Update. World Health Organization, 2008.
15. Mathers CD, Bernard C, Moesgaard Iburg K, et al. Global burden of disease in 2002: data sources, methods, and results. Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy Discussion Paper No. 54. World Health Organization, 2003.
16. Jha P, Gajalakshmi V, Gupta PC, et al. Prospective study of one million deaths in India: rationale, design, and validation results. PLoS Med 2006;3:e18.
17. Million Death Study Collaborators. Causes of neonatal and child mortality in India: a nationally representative mortality survey. Lancet 2010;376:1853-60.
18. Dikshit R, Gupta PC, Ramasundarahettige C, et al. Cancer mortality in India: a nationally representative survey. Lancet 2012;379:1807-16.
19. Patel V, Ramasundarahettige C, Vijayakumar L, et al. Suicide mortality in India: a nationally representative survey. Lancet 2012;379:2343-51.
20. Sinha DN, Dikshit R, Kumar R, et al. Prospective Study of Million Deaths in India: Technical document no VIII: Health care professional's manual for assigning causes of death based on RHIME household reports. RGI-CGHR, University of Toronto, 2011. http://www.cghr.org/mds (accessed 1 Aug. 2012).
21. WHO. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, ICD-10: three volume set. World Health Organization, 2010.
22. United Nations Populations Division. World population prospects (2008 revision). 2009. http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2008/(accessed 2 Jul. 2011).
23. Mari Bhat PN. Completeness of India's sample registration system: an assessment using the general growth balance method. Popul Stud 2002;56:119-34.
24. Sivanandan V. An assessment of the completeness of death registration in India over the periods 1975-1978 and 1996-1999 under the generalized population model: an analysis based on SRS data. Mumbai: International Institute for Population Sciences, 2004.
25. Jha P, Kumar R, Khera A, et al. HIV mortality and infection in India: estimates from nationally representative mortality survey of 1.1 million homes. BMJ 2010;340:c621.
26. Dhingra N, Jha P, Sharma VP, et al. Adult and child malaria mortality in India: a nationally representative mortality survey. Lancet 2010;376:1768-74.
27. National Crime Records Bureau. Accidental deaths and suicides in India, 2005. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, 2005.
28. Dandona R, Kumar GA, Ameer MA, et al. Under-reporting of road traffic injuries to the police: results from two data sources in urban India. Inj Prev 2008;14:360-5.
29. Alcorn T. Uncertainty clouds China's road-traffic fatality data. Lancet 2011;378:305-6.
30. Naci H, Chisholm D, Baker TD. Distribution of road traffic deaths by road user group: a global comparison. Inj Prev 2009;15:55-9.
31. Mohan D. The road ahead: traffic injuries and fatalities in India. Transportation research and injury prevention programme. Delhi: Indian Institute of Technology, 2004.
32. Mohan D. Traffic safety and health in Indian cities. J Transport Infrastructure 2002;9:79-94.
33. Norton R, Hyder A, Bishai D, etal. Unintentional injuries. In: Disease control priorities in developing countries. Oxford University Press, 2006.
34. Grimm M, Treibich C. Determinants of road traffic crash fatalities across Indian states. Health Econ 2013;22:915-30.
35. Ngo AD, Rao C, Phuong Hoa N, et al. Road traffic related mortality in Vietnam: evidence for policy from a national sample mortality surveillance system. BMC Public Health 2012;12:561.
36. Hsiao M, Morris SK, Bassani DG, et al. Factors associated with physician agreement on verbal autopsy of over 11500 injury deaths in India. PLoS ONE 2012;7:e30336.
37. Singh H, Dhattarwal SK. Pattern and distribution of injuries in fatal road traffic accidents in Rohtak (Haryana). J Indian Acad Forensic Med 2004;26:20-3.
38. Dandona R, Mishra A. Deaths due to road traffic crashed in Hyderabad city in India: need for strengthening surveillance. Natl Med J India 2004;17:74-9. (Pubitemid 38578964)
39. Sahdev P, Lacqua MJ, Singh B, et al. Road traffic fatalities in Delhi: causes, injury patterns, and incidence of preventable deaths. Accident Anal Prev 1994;26:377-84. (Pubitemid 124007004)
40. Bhattacharjee J, Bora D, Sharma RS, etal. Unnatural deaths in Delhi during 1991. Med Sci Law 1996;36:194-8.
41. Jain A, Menezes RG, Kanchan T, etal. Two wheeler accidents on Indian roads-a study from Mangalore, India. J Forensic Leg Med 2009;16:130-3.
42. Gururaj G, Shastry K V R, Chandramouli AB, et al. Traumatic brain injury. Bangalore: National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, 2005.
43. Colohan AR, Alves WM, Gross CR, et al. Head injury mortality in two centers with different emergency medical services and intensive care. J Neurosurg Pediatrics 1989;71:202-7. (Pubitemid 19194936)
44. National Crime Records Bureau. Accidental deaths and suicides in India, 2011. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, 2011.
45. Transport Research Wing, Ministry of Road Transport & Highways. Basic road statistics of India. Government of India, 2012.
46. Transport Research Wing, Ministry of Road Transport & Highways. Road transport year book (2009-10 & 2010-11). Government of India, 2012.
47. Registrar General of India and Centre for Global Health Research. Causes of death in India, 2001-2003: sample registration system. Government of India, 2009.