Endocannabinoids and endovanilloids: A possible balance in the regulation of the testicular GnRH signalling

International Journal of Endocrinology

Volumn 2013, Issue , 2013, Pages

  Chianese, Rosanna ^a   Ciaramella, Vincenza ^a   Scarpa, Donatella ^a   Fasano, Silvia ^a   Pierantoni, Riccardo ^a   Meccariello, Rosaria ^b  

^a SECOND UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES PARTHENOPE   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENDOCANNABINOID; ENDOVANILLOID; GONADORELIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ACROSOME REACTION; BRAIN LEVEL; CB1 GENE; CELL CYCLE; EJACULATION; EXPERIMENTAL MODEL; FERTILIZATION; FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY; GENE; GENE ACTIVATION; GENE EXPRESSION; GERM CELL; GNRH 1 GENE; GNRH 2 GENE; GONAD; HORMONAL REGULATION; HORMONE ACTION; HORMONE RELEASE; INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING; MAMMAL; MOLECULAR CLONING; MOLECULAR MECHANICS; NERVE CELL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANA ESCULENTA; REPRODUCTION; REVIEW; SEASONAL VARIATION; SERTOLI CELL; SPERMATOGENESIS; TESTIS;

EID: 84884225858     PISSN: 16878337     EISSN: 16878345     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2013/904748     Document Type: Review

References (76)

1. Matsuda L. A., Lolait S. J., Brownstein M. J., Young A. C., Bonner T. I., Structure of a cannabinoid receptor and functional expression of the cloned cDNA. Nature 1990 346 6284 561 564 2-s2.0-0025325535 10.1038/346561a0
2. Munro S., Thomas K. L., Abu-Shaar M., Molecular characterization of a peripheral receptor for cannabinoids. Nature 1993 365 6441 61 65 2-s2.0-0027515373 10.1038/365061a0
3. Mackie K., Cannabinoid receptors: where they are and what they do. Journal of Neuroendocrinology 2008 20 1 10 14 2-s2.0-42349116262 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2008.01671.x
4. van der Stelt M., di Marzo V., Anandamide as an intracellular messenger regulating ion channel activity. Prostaglandins and other Lipid Mediators 2005 77 1-4 111 122 2-s2.0-23644444808 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2004.09.007
5. Brown A. J., Novel cannabinoid receptors. British Journal of Pharmacology 2007 152 5 567 575 2-s2.0-35748973885 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707481
6. Chianese R., Ciaramella V., Scarpa D., Fasano S., Pierantoni R., Meccariello R., Anandamide regulates the expression of GnRH1, GnRH2, and GnRH-Rs in frog testis. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology Metabolism 2012 303 4 E475 E487
7. Cobellis G., Cacciola G., Scarpa D., Meccariello R., Chianese R., Franzoni M. F., Mackie K., Pierantoni R., Fasano S., Endocannabinoid system in frog and rodent testis: type-1 cannabinoid receptor and fatty acid amide hydrolase activity in male germ cells. Biology of Reproduction 2006 75 1 82 89 2-s2.0-33745370628 10.1095/biolreprod.106.051730
8. Kaczocha M., Glaser S. T., Deutsch D. G., Identification of intracellular carriers for the endocannabinoid anandamide. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2009 106 15 6375 6380 2-s2.0-65549113847 10.1073/pnas.0901515106
9. Cravatt B. F., Giang D. K., Mayfield S. P., Boger D. L., Lerner R. A., Gilula N. B., Molecular characterization of an enzyme that degrades neuromodulatory fatty-acid amides. Nature 1996 384 6604 83 87 2-s2.0-0029904838 10.1038/384083a0
10. Dinh T. P., Freund T. F., Piomelli D., A role for monoglyceride lipase in 2-arachidonoylglycerol inactivation. Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 2002 121 1-2 149 158 2-s2.0-0037207088 10.1016/S0009-3084(02)00150-0
11. Fu J., Bottegoni G., Sasso O., Bertorelli R., Rocchia W., Masetti M., Guijarro A., Lodola A., Armirotti A., Garau G., Bandiera T., Reggiani A., Mor M., Cavalli A., Piomelli D., A catalytically silent FAAH-1 variant drives anandamide transport in neurons. Nature Neuroscience 2012 15 1 64 69 2-s2.0-84555198880 10.1038/nn.2986
12. Okamoto Y., Morishita J., Tsuboi K., Tonai T., Ueda N., Molecular characterization of phospholipase D generating anandamide and its congeners. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 2004 279 7 5298 5305 2-s2.0-1242294480 10.1074/jbc.M306642200
13. Stella N., Schweitzer P., Plomelli D., A second endogenous' cannabinoid that modulates long-term potentiation. Nature 1997 388 6644 773 778 2-s2.0-0030870722 10.1038/42015
14. Cottone E., Guastalla A., Mackie K., Franzoni M. F., Endocannabinoids affect the reproductive functions in teleosts and amphibians. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2008 286 1-2, supplement 1 S41 S45 2-s2.0-42249084073 10.1016/j.mce.2008.01.025
15. Cacciola G., Chianese R., Chioccarelli T., Ciaramella V., Fasano S., Pierantoni R., Meccariello R., Cobellis G., Cannabinoids and reproduction: a lasting and intriguing history. Pharmaceuticals 2010 3 10 3275 3323 2-s2.0-78650157389 10.3390/ph3103275
16. Pierantoni R., Cobellis G., Meccariello R., Cacciola G., Chianese R., Chioccarelli T., Fasano S., CB1 activity in male reproduction: mammalian and nonmammalian animal models. Vitamins and Hormones 2009 81 367 387 2-s2.0-67651172831 10.1016/S0083-6729(09)81014-5
17. Battista N., Meccariello R., Cobellis G., Fasano S., di Tommaso M., Pirazzi V., Konje J. C., Pierantoni R., Maccarrone M., The role of endocannabinoids in gonadal function and fertility along the evolutionary axis. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2012 355 1 1 14 2-s2.0-84858745752 10.1016/j.mce.2012.01.014
18. Fasano S., Meccariello R., Cobellis G., Chianese R., Cacciola G., Chioccarelli T., Pierantoni R., The endocannabinoid system: an ancient signaling involved in the control of male fertility. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2009 1163 112 124 2-s2.0-65449146395 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04437.x
19. Chianese R., Cobellis G., Pierantoni R., Fasano S., Meccariello R., Non-mammalian vertebrate models and the endocannabinoid system: relationships with gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2008 286 1-2, supplement 1 S46 S51 2-s2.0-42249102759 10.1016/j.mce.2008.01.009
20. Chianese R., Chioccarelli T., Cacciola G., Ciaramella V., Fasano S., Pierantoni R., Meccariello R., Cobellis G., The contribution of lower vertebrate animal models in human reproduction research. General and Comparative Endocrinology 2011 171 1 17 27 2-s2.0-79951510370 10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.12.011
21. Pierantoni R., Cobellis G., Meccariello R., Fasano S., Evolutionary aspects of cellular communication in the vertebrate hypothalamo-hypophysio- gonadal axis. International Review of Cytology 2002 218 69 141 2-s2.0-0036023086 10.1016/S0074-7696(02)18012-0
22. Fasano S., Goos H. J., Janssen C., Pierantoni R., Two GnRHs fluctuate in correlation with androgen levels in the male frog Rana esculenta. Journal of Experimental Zoology 1993 266 4 277 283 2-s2.0-0027917739
23. Cobellis G., Vallarino M., Meccariello R., Pierantoni R., Masini M. A., Mathieu M., Pernas-Alonso R., Chieffi P., Fasano S., Fos localization in cytosolic and nuclear compartments in neurones of the frog, Rana esculenta, brain: an analysis carried out in parallel with GnRH molecular forms. Journal of Neuroendocrinology 1999 11 9 725 735 2-s2.0-0032777466 10.1046/j.1365-2826. 1999.00390.x
24. Meccariello R., Mathieu M., Cobellis G., Vallarino M., Bruzzone F., Fienga G., Pierantoni R., Fasano S., Jun localization in cytosolic and nuclear compartments in brain-pituitary system of the frog, Rana esculenta: an analysis carried out in parallel with GnRH molecular forms during the annual reproductive cycle. General and Comparative Endocrinology 2004 135 3 310 323 2-s2.0-0347320661 10.1016/j.ygcen.2003.09.017
25. Chieffi G., Pierantoni R., Fasano S., Immunoreactive GnRH in hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic areas. International Review of Cytology 1991 127 1 55 2-s2.0-0026010646
26. Rastogi R. K., Iela L., Saxena P. K., Chieffi G., The control of spermatogenesis in the green frog, Rana esculenta. Journal of Experimental Zoology 1976 169 151 166
27. Pierantoni R., Cobellis G., Meccariello R., Palmiero C., Fienga G., Minucci S., Fasano S., The amphibian testis as model to study germ cell progression during spermatogenesis. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B 2002 132 1 131 139 2-s2.0-0036238515 10.1016/S1096-4959(01)00543-7
28. Meccariello R., Chianese R., Cacciola G., Cobellis G., Pierantoni R., Fasano S., Type-1 cannabinoid receptor expression in the frog, Rana esculenta, tissues: a possible involvement in the regulation of testicular activity. Molecular Reproduction and Development 2006 73 5 551 558 2-s2.0-33645453045 10.1002/mrd.20434
29. Meccariello R., Chianese R., Cobellis G., Pierantoni R., Fasano S., Cloning of type 1 cannabinoid receptor in Rana esculenta reveals differences between genomic sequence and cDNA. FEBS Journal 2007 274 11 2909 2920 2-s2.0-34249068505 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05824.x
30. Elphick M. R., The evolution and comparative neurobiology of endocannabinoid signalling. Phylosophycal Transactions of the Royal Society Biological Science 2012 367 1607 3201 3215
31. Cottone E., Pomatto V., Cerri F., Campantico E., Mackie K., Delpero M., Guastalla A., Dati C., Bovolin P., Franzoni M. F., Cannabinoid receptors are widely expressed in goldfish: molecular cloning of a CB2-like receptor and evaluation of CB1 and CB2 mRNA expression profiles in different organs. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 2013 10.1007/s10695-013-9783-9
32. Ryberg E., Vu H. K., Larsson N., Groblewski T., Hjorth S., Elebring T., Sjögren S., Greasley P. J., Identification and characterisation of a novel splice variant of the human CB1 receptor. FEBS Letters 2005 579 1 259 264 2-s2.0-11144263163 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.11.085
33. Liu Q.-R., Pan C.-H., Hishimoto A., Li C.-Y., Xi Z.-X., Llorente-Berzal A., Viveros M.-P., Ishiguro H., Arinami T., Onaivi E. S., Uhl G. R., Species differences in cannabinoid receptor 2 (CNR2 gene): identification of novel human and rodent CB2 isoforms, differential tissue expression and regulation by cannabinoid receptor ligands. Genes, Brain and Behavior 2009 8 5 519 530 2-s2.0-67650486960 10.1111/j.1601-183X.2009.00498.x
34. Shire D., Carillon C., Kaghad M., Calandra B., Rinaldi-Carmona M., Le Fur G., Caput D., Ferrara P., An amino-terminal variant of the central cannabinoid receptor resulting from alternative splicing. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 1995 270 8 3726 3731 2-s2.0-0028931849 10.1074/jbc.270.8.3726
35. Bienertova-Vasku J., Bienert P., Dostalova Z., Chovanec J., Vasku A., Vasku V., A common variation in the cannabinoid 1 receptor (CNR1) gene is associated with pre-eclampsia in the Central European population. European Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2011 155 1 19 22 2-s2.0-79952036480 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2010.11.004
36. Baye T. M., Zhang Y., Smith E., Hillard C. J., Gunnell J., Myklebust J., James R., Kissebah A. H., Olivier M., Wilke R. A., Genetic variation in cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) is associated with derangements in lipid homeostasis, independent of body mass index. Pharmacogenomics 2008 9 11 1647 1656 2-s2.0-61549101858 10.2217/14622416.9.11.1647
37. Burgueño A. L., Sookoian S., Gianotti T. F., Gemma C., Pirola C. J., Genetic variation in the FAAH gene and metabolic syndrome-related phenotypes. Obesity 2009 17 11 1979 1980 2-s2.0-70350504920 10.1038/oby.2009.238
38. Ho B., Wassink T. H., Ziebell S., Andreasen N. C., Cannabinoid receptor 1 gene polymorphisms and marijuana misuse interactions on white matter and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2011 128 1-3 66 75 2-s2.0-79955473886 10.1016/j.schres.2011.02.021
39. Norrod A. G., Puffenbenbarger R. A., Genetic polymorphisms of the endocannabinoid system. Chemistry and Biodiversity 2007 4 8 1926 1932 2-s2.0-34548494339 10.1002/cbdv.200790160
40. Monteleone P., Bifulco M., di Filippo C., Gazzerro P., Canestrelli B., Monteleone F., Proto M. C., di Genio M., Grimaldi C., Maj M., Association of CNR1 and FAAH endocannabinoid gene polymorphisms with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: evidence for synergistic effects. Genes, Brain and Behavior 2009 8 7 728 732 2-s2.0-70349687650 10.1111/j.1601-183X.2009.00518.x
41. Cottone E., Salio C., Conrath M., Franzoni M. F., Xenopus laevis CB1 cannabinoid receptor: molecular cloning and mRNA distribution in the central nervous system. Journal of Comparative Neurology 2003 464 4 487 496 2-s2.0-0042422112 10.1002/cne.10808
42. Meccariello R., Franzoni M. F., Chianese R., Cottone E., Scarpa D., Donna D., Cobellis G., Guastalla A., Pierantoni R., Fasano S., Interplay between the endocannabinoid system and GnRH-I in the forebrain of the anuran amphibian Rana esculenta. Endocrinology 2008 149 5 2149 2158 2-s2.0-42449097695 10.1210/en.2007-1357
43. Maccarrone M., Barboni B., Paradisi A., Bernabò N. N., Gasperi V., Pistilli M. G., Fezza F., Lucidi P., Mattioli M., Characterization of the endocannabinoid system in boar spermatozoa and implications for sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction. Journal of Cell Science 2005 118 19 4393 4404 2-s2.0-27644572736 10.1242/jcs.02536
44. Ricci G., Cacciola G., Altucci L., Meccariello R., Pierantoni R., Fasano S., Cobellis G., Endocannabinoid control of sperm motility: the role of epididymus. General and Comparative Endocrinology 2007 153 1-3 320 322 2-s2.0-34547120212 10.1016/j.ygcen.2007.02.003
45. Rossato M., Popa F. I., Ferigo M., Clari G., Foresta C., Human sperm express cannabinoid receptor Cb1, the activation of which inhibits motility, acrosome reaction, and mitochondrial function. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2005 90 2 984 991 2-s2.0-14044279352 10.1210/jc.2004-1287
46. Francavilla F., Battista N., Barbonetti A., Vassallo M. R. C., Rapino C., Antonangelo C., Pasquariello N., Catanzaro G., Barboni B., Maccarrone M., Characterization of the endocannabinoid system in human spermatozoa and involvement of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor in their fertilizing ability. Endocrinology 2009 150 10 4692 4700 2-s2.0-70349328116 10.1210/en.2009-0057
47. Barbonetti A., Vassallo M. R. C., Fortunato D., Francavilla S., Maccarrone M., Francavilla F., Energetic metabolism and human sperm motility: impact of CB1 receptor activation. Endocrinology 2010 151 12 5882 5892 2-s2.0-78649851561 10.1210/en.2010-0484
48. Barboni B., Bernabò N., Palestini P., Botto L., Pistilli M. G., Charini M., Tettamanti E., Battista N., Maccarrone M., Mattioli M., Type-1 cannabinoid receptors reduce membrane fluidity of capacitated boar sperm by impairing their activation by bicarbonate. PLoS ONE 2011 6 8 2-s2.0-79961133559 10.1371/journal.pone.0023038 e23038
49. Catanzaro G., Battista N., Rossi G., di Tommaso M., Pucci M., Pirazzi V., Cecconi S., Maccarrone M., Effect of capacitation on the endocannabinoid system of mouse sperm. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2011 343 1-2 88 92 2-s2.0-80051560797 10.1016/j.mce.2011.01.022
50. Schuel H., Goldstein E., Mechoulam R., Zimmerman A. M., Zimmerman S., Anandamide (arachidonylethanolamide), a brain cannabinoid receptor agonist, reduces sperm fertilizing capacity in sea urchins by inhibiting the acrosome reaction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1994 91 16 7678 7682 2-s2.0-0027982533 10.1073/pnas.91.16.7678
51. Cacciola G., Chioccarelli T., Mackie K., Meccariello R., Ledent C., Fasano S., Pierantoni R., Cobellis G., Expression of type-1 cannabinoid receptor during rat postnatal testicular development: possible involvement in adult leydig cell differentiation. Biology of Reproduction 2008 79 4 758 765 2-s2.0-53349108792 10.1095/biolreprod.108.070128
52. Gye M. C., Kang H. H., Kang H. J., Expression of cannabinoid receptor 1 in mouse testes. Archives of Andrology 2005 51 3 247 255 2-s2.0-18544378042 10.1080/014850190898845
53. Wenger T., Ledent C., Csernus V., Gerendai I., The central cannabinoid receptor inactivation suppresses endocrine reproductive functions. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2001 284 2 363 368 2-s2.0-0034809865 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4977
54. D'Istria M., Delrio G., Botte V., Chieffi G., Radioimmunoassay of testosterone, 17beta-oestradiol and oestrone in the male and female plasma of plasma of Rana esculenta during sexual cycle. Steroids and Lipids Research 1974 5 1 42 48 2-s2.0-0016152409
55. Grimaldi P., Orlando P., di Siena S., Lolicato F., Petrosino S., Bisogno T., Geremia R., De Petrocellis L., di Marzo V., The endocannabinoid system and pivotal role of the CB2 receptor in mouse spermatogenesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2009 106 27 11131 11136 2-s2.0-67650488942 10.1073/pnas.0812789106
56. Cobellis G., Ricci G., Cacciola G., Orlando P., Petrosino S., Cascio M. G., Bisogno T., De Petrocellis L., Chioccarelli T., Altucci L., Fasano S., Meccariello R., Pierantoni R., Ledent C., di Marzo V., A gradient of 2-arachidonoylglycerol regulates mouse epididymal sperm cell start-up. Biology of Reproduction 2010 82 2 451 458 2-s2.0-77950367259 10.1095/biolreprod.109. 079210
57. Chioccarelli T., Cacciola G., Altucci L., Lewis S. E. M., Simon L., Ricci G., Ledent C., Meccariello R., Fasano S., Pierantoni R., Cobellis G., Cannabinoid receptor 1 influences chromatin remodeling in mouse spermatids by affecting content of transition protein 2 mRNA and histone displacement. Endocrinology 2010 151 10 5017 5029 2-s2.0-77957261185 10.1210/en.2010-0133
58. Schuel H., Burkman L. J., Lippes J., Crickard K., Mahony M. C., Giuffrida A., Picone R. P., Makriyannis A., Evidence that anandamide-signaling regulates human sperm functions required for fertilization. Molecular Reproduction and Development 2002 63 3 376 387 2-s2.0-0036836648 10.1002/mrd.90021
59. Gervasi M. G., Osycka-Salut C., Caballero J., Vazquez-Levin M., Pereyra E., Billi S., Franchi A., Perez-Martinez S., Anandamide capacitates bull spermatozoa through CB1 and TRPV1 activation. PLoS ONE 2011 11 6 e16993
60. Cottone E., Forno S., Campantico E., Guastalla A., Viltono L., Mackie K., Franzoni M. F., Expression and distribution of CB1 cannabinoid receptors in the central nervous system of the African cichlid fish Pelvicachromis pulcher. Journal of Comparative Neurology 2005 485 4 293 303 2-s2.0-16344394735 10.1002/cne.20502
61. Matsuda L. A., Bonner T. I., Lolait S. J., Localization of cannabinoid receptor mRNA in rat brain. Journal of Comparative Neurology 1993 327 4 535 550 2-s2.0-0027492734 10.1002/cne.903270406
62. Gammon C. M., Freeman G. M. Jr., Xie W., Petersen S. L., Wetsel W. C., Regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion by cannabinoids. Endocrinology 2005 46 10 4491 4499
63. Scorticati C., Fernández-Solari J., de Laurentiis A., Mohn C., Prestifilippo J. P., Lasaga M., Seilicovich A., Billi S., Franchi A., McCann S. M., Rettori V., The inhibitory effect of anandamide on luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone secretion is reversed by estrogen. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2004 101 32 11891 11896 2-s2.0-4143070323 10.1073/pnas.0404366101
64. di Matteo L., Vallarino M., Pierantoni R., Localization of GnRH molecular forms in the brain, pituitary, and testis of the frog, Rana esculenta. Journal of Experimental Zoology 1996 274 1 33 40 2-s2.0-0030047818
65. Chianese R., Ciaramella V., Fasano S., Pierantoni R., Meccariello R., Anandamide modulates the expression of GnRH-II and GnRHRs in frog, Rana esculenta, diencephalon. General and Comparative Endocrinology 2011 173 3 389 395 2-s2.0-81155159708 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.07.001
66. Meccariello R., Chianese R., Fasano S., Pierantoni R., Vizcarra J., Endocannabinoids and kisspeptins: two modulators in fight for the regulation of GnRH activity. Gonadotropins 2013 Rijeka, Croatia InTech 57 88
67. Chianese R., Ciaramella V., Fasano S., Pierantoni R., Meccariello R., Kisspeptin receptor, GPR54, as a candidate for the regulation of testicular activity in the frog Rana esculenta. Biology of Reproduction 2013 88 3 73
68. Morales P., Pizarro E., Kong M., Pasten C., Sperm binding to the human zona pellucida and calcium influx in response to GnRH and progesterone. Andrologia 2002 34 5 301 307 2-s2.0-0036422556 10.1046/j.1439-0272.2002.00510.x
69. Pierantoni R., Cobellis G., Meccariello R., Cacciola G., Chianese R., Chioccarelli T., Fasano S., Testicular gonadotropin-releasing hormone activity, progression of spermatogenesis, and sperm transport in vertebrates. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2009 1163 279 291 2-s2.0-65449137982 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03617.x
70. Yanagimachi R., Fertility of mammalian spermatozoa: its development and relativity. Zygote 1994 2 4 371 372 2-s2.0-0028535827
71. Shono T., Hutson J. M., Capsaicin increases the frequency of cryptorchidism in flutamide-treated rats. Journal of Urology 1994 152 2 763 765 2-s2.0-0028094710
72. Mizrak S. C., Gadella B. M., Erdost H., Ozer A., van Pelt A. M. M., van Dissel-Emiliani F. M. F., Spermatogonial stem cell sensitivity to capsaicin: an in vitro study. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2008 14 6, article 52 2-s2.0-57149141652 10.1186/1477-7827-6-52
73. Mizrak S. C., van Dissel-Emiliani F. M. F., Transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor-1 confers heat resistance to male germ cells. Fertility and Sterility 2008 90 4 1290 1293 2-s2.0-52949118528 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.10. 081
74. Ilhan T., Erdost H., Effects of capsaicin on testis ghrelin expression in mice. Biotechnic and Histochemistry 2012 88 1 10 18
75. Rossi G., Gasperi V., Paro R., Barsacchi D., Cecconi S., Maccarrone M., Follicle-stimulating hormone activates fatty acid amide hydrolase by protein kinase A and aromatase-dependent pathways in mouse primary sertoli cells. Endocrinology 2007 148 3 1431 1439 2-s2.0-33847027343 10.1210/en.2006-0969
76. Walpole C. S. J., Bevan S., Bovermann G., Boelsterli J. J., Breckenridge R., Davies J. W., Hughes G. A., James I., Oberer L., Winter J., Wrigglesworth R., The discovery of capsazepine, the first competitive antagonist of the sensory neuron excitants capsaicin and resiniferatoxin. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 1994 37 13 1942 1954 2-s2.0-0028021842