Prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 and risk factors associated with this infection in women in southern Brazil;Prevalência do herpes vírus tipo 2 e fatores de risco associados a sua infecção em mulheres do sul do Brasil

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo

Volumn 55, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 315-321

  Caldeira, Thaís Duquia Moraes ^a   Gonçalves, Carla Vitola ^a   de Oliveira, Gisele Rodrigues ^a   da Fonseca, Tânia Vieira ^a   Gonçalves, Regina ^a   do Amaral, Clair Teixeira ^a   da Hora, Vanusa Pousada ^a   de Martinez, Ana Maria Barral ^a  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE   (Brazil)

Author keywords

HIV Infections; Human Herpesvirus 2; Human Papillomavirus; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ARTICLE; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; BRAZIL; CONDOM USE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GENITAL ULCER; HERPES SIMPLEX; HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS 2; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INFECTION CONTROL; INFECTION RISK; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MIXED INFECTION; NONHUMAN; PAPANICOLAOU TEST; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTOR; RISK REDUCTION; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; VIRUS TRANSMISSION; WOMEN'S HEALTH;

ADULT; BRAZIL; FEMALE; HERPES GENITALIS; HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84884134938     PISSN: 00364665     EISSN: 16789946     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/S0036-46652013000500004     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Al-Daraji WI, Smith JH. Infection and cervical neoplasia: facts and fiction. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2009;2:48-64.
2. Aryee EAN, Bailey RL, Natividad-Sancho A, Kaye S, Holland MJ. Detection, quantification and genotyping of Herpes Simplex Virus in cervicovaginal secretions by real-time PCR: a cross sectional survey. Virol J. 2005;2:61.
3. Aumakhan B, Hardick A, Quinn TC, Laeyendencker O, Gange SJ, Beyrer C, et al. Genital herpes evaluation by quantitative TaqMan PCR: correlating single detection and quantity of HSV-2 DNA in cervicovaginal lavage fluids with cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical data. Virol J. 2010;7:328.
4. Aurelius E, Johansson B, Skoldenberg B, Staland A, Forsgren M. Rapid diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis by nested polymerase chain reaction assay of cerebrospinal fluid. Lancet. 1991;337:189-92.
5. Barnabas RV, Celum C. Infectious co-factors in HIV-1 transmission herpes simplex virus type-2 and HIV-1: new insights and interventions. Curr HIV Res. 2012;10:228-37.
6. Brown ZA, Wald A, Morrow A, Selke S, Zeh J, Corey L. Effect of serologic status and cesarean delivery on transmission rates of herpes simplex virus from mother to infant. JAMA. 2003;289:203-9.
7. Celum C, Wald A, Hughes J, Sanchez J, Reid S, Delany-Moretlwe S, et al. Effect of aciclovir on HIV-1 acquisition in herpes simplex virus type 2 seropositive women and men who have sex with men: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;371(9630):2109-19.
8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Analysis of National Herpes Prevalence. 22 April 2010. [Cited 2012 May 26]. Available from:
9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 among persons aged 14-49 years-United States, 2005-2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59(15):456-9.
10. Clemens SA, Farhat CK. Soroprevalência de anticorpos contra vírus herpes simples 1-2 no Brasil. Rev Saúde Pública. 2010;44:726-34.
11. Farivar TN, Johari P, Shafei S, Najafipour R. Lack of association between herpes simplex virus type 2 infection and cervical cancer--Taq Man realtime PCR assay findings. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13:339-42.
12. Galloway DA, McDougall JK. The oncogenic potential of herpes simplex viruses: evidence for a 'hit-and-run' mechanism. Nature. 1983;302:21-4.
13. Gardella C, Huang ML, Wald A, Margaret A, Selke S, Morrow R, et al. Rapid polymerase chain reaction assay to detect herpes simplex virus in the genital tract of women in labor. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;115:1209-16.
14. Garnett GP, Dubin G, Slaoui M, Darcis T. The potential epidemiological impact of a genital herpes vaccine for women. Sex Transm Infect. 2004;80:24-9.
15. Glasier A, Gülmezoglu M, Schmid GP, Moreno CG, Van Look PF. Sexual and reproductive health: a matter of life and death. Lancet. 2006;368(9547):1595-607.
16. Homans J, Christensen S, Stiller T, Wang CH, Mack W, Anastos K, et al. Permissive and protective factors associated with presence, level, and longitudinal pattern of cervicovaginal HIV shedding. J Acquir Immune Defic Synd. 2012;60:99-110.
17. Le Goff J, Weiss HA, Gresenguet G, Nzambi K, Frost E, Hayes RJ, et al. Cervicovaginal HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 shedding during genital ulcer disease episodes. Aids. 2007;21:1569-78.
18. Manos MM, Ting Y, Wright DK, Lewis AI, Broker TR, Wolinsky SM. The use of polymerase chain reaction amplification for the detection of genital human papillomaviruses. Cancer Cells. 1989;7:209-14.
19. Mertz GJ, Rosenthal SL, Stanberry LR. Is herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) now more common than HSV-2 in first episodes of genital herpes? Sex Transm Dis. 2003;30:801-2.
20. Ministério da Saúde. Brasil. Doenças infecciosas e parasitárias / Guia de bolso. 8a ed. Brasília-DF; 2010. 444 p.
21. Nagot N, Ouedraogo A, Konate I, Weiss HA, Foulongne V, Defer MC, et al. Roles of clinical and subclinical reactivated herpes simplex virus type 2 infection and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-induced immunosuppression on genital and plasma HIV-1 levels. J Infect Dis. 2008;198:241-9.
22. Patterson J, Hitti J, Selke S, Huang ML, Watts DH, Brown Z, et al. Genital HSV detection among HIV-1-Infected pregnant women in labor. Inf Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2011;2011:1-4. (Article ID 157680).
23. Pereira VS, Moizeis RN, Fernandes TA, Araújo JM, Meissner RV, Fernandes JV. Herpes simplex virus type 1 is the main cause of genital herpes in women of Natal, Brazil. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2012;161:190-3.
24. Rawls WE, Tompkins WA, Figueroa ME, Melnick JL. Herpesvirus type 2: association with carcinoma of the cervix. Science. 1968;161(3847):1255-6.
25. Reinheimer C, Doerr HW. Prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 in different risk groups: thirty years after the onset of HIV. Intervirology. 2012;55:395-400.
26. Schmutzhard J, Merete Riedel H, Zweygberg Wirgart B, Grillne L. Detection of herpes simplex virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 2 and varicella-zoster virus in skin lesions. Comparison of real-time PCR, nested PCR and virus isolation. J Clin Virol. 2004;29:120-6.
27. Smith JS, Herrero R, Bosetti C, Muñoz N, Bosch FX, Eluf-Neto J, et al. Herpes simplex virus-2 as a human papillomavirus cofactor in the etiology of invasive cervical cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002;94:1604-13.
28. Van Den Brule AJC, Snijders PJF, Gordijn RLJ, Bleker OP, Meijer CJLM, Walboomers JMM. General primer-mediated polymerase chain reaction permits the detection of sequenced and still unsequenced human papillomavirus genotypes in cervical scrapes and carcinomas. Int J Cancer. 1990;45:644-9.
29. WHO. World Health Organization 2010. Sexually transmitted diseases-herpes simplex type 2. [Cited 2012 May20]. Available from: