No absence of malice towards the gallus

Environmental and Planning Law Journal

Volumn 18, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 505-520

  Akers, Keith ^a   Bagaric, Mirko ^a  

^a MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84883500032     PISSN: 0813300X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (144)

1. "The Life of a Battery Hen Compared with the Life of a Pet Hen" at website: greenfield. fortunecity. com/humming bird/285/battery. html.
2. M Briody and T Prenzler, "The Enforcement of Environmental Protection Laws in Queensland: A Case of Regulatory Capture?" 15(1) EPLJ 54.
3. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
4. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
5. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
6. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
7. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
8. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
9. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
10. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
11. New South Wales v Commonwealth (1975) 135 CLR 337.
12. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
13. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
14. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
15. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
16. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
17. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
18. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
19. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
20. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
21. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
22. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
23. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
24. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
25. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
26. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
27. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
28. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
29. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
30. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
31. M Briody and T Prenzler, "The Enforcement of Environmental Protection Laws in Queensland: A Case of Regulatory Capture?" 15(1) EPLJ 54.
32. NSW Act s 4(2); Qld Act s 3; Vic Act s 8(1).
33. NSW Act s 4(2); Qld Act s 3; Vic Act s 8(1).
34. M Briody and T Prenzler, "The Enforcement of Environmental Protection Laws in Queensland: A Case of Regulatory Capture?" 15(1) EPLJ 54.
35. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
36. M Briody and T Prenzler, "The Enforcement of Environmental Protection Laws in Queensland: A Case of Regulatory Capture?" 15(1) EPLJ 54.
37. NSW Act s 4(2)(b).
38. NSW Act s 4(2)(b).
39. NSW Act s 4(2)(b).
40. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
41. NT Acts 3.
42. NSW Act s 4(2)(b).
43. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
44. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
45. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
46. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
47. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
48. M Briody and T Prenzler, "The Enforcement of Environmental Protection Laws in Queensland: A Case of Regulatory Capture?" 15(1) EPLJ 54.
49. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
50. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
51. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
52. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
53. The right of equality has been used as an effective weapon by women and other disempowered groups seeking greater employment and civil rights (such as the right to vote).
54. It has been argued that attempts to ground rights in virtues such as dignity, integrity, concern and respect are unsound in that they invoke arbitrary abstract ideals and also fail to provide a mechanism for moving from the abstract ideals to concrete rights.
55. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
56. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
57. However, this fact has not stood in the way of the other novel rights being asserted. Recently, the Australian Prime Minister (in the context of the debate concerning the availability of IVF treatment to same sex couples or single people) claimed that "each child has the right to a mother and father. In a similar vein, in light of the increasing world wide oil prices, it has been declared that this violates the "right of Americans to cheap gasoline". Further, the Australian Football League has been accused of violating the "right of football club members to a grand final ticket".
58. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
59. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
60. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
61. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
62. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
63. Whether rights should only be conferred upon humans is a justificatory issue, which we consider below.
64. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
65. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
66. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
67. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
68. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
69. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
70. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
71. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
72. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
73. See The Australian, Monday 26 February 2001, at 1.
74. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
75. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
76. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
77. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
78. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
79. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
80. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
81. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
82. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
83. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
84. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
85. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
86. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
87. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
88. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
89. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
90. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
91. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
92. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
93. See The Australian, Monday 26 February 2001, at 1.
94. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
95. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
96. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
97. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
98. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
99. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
100. M Haward, "The Australian Offshore Constitutional Settlement" (1989) 13 Marine Policy 334 at 335.
101. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
102. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
103. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
104. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
105. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
106. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
107. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
108. The rationale for this "fact" may be that the suffering caused to animals does not continue beyond the immediate sensation of pain and is not perpetuated by fear of similar pain in the future or the sense of loss or violation caused by the particular terror.
109. The Hart-Devlin debate appeared to confine itself to both criminal law and humans.
110. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
111. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
112. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
113. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
114. Property Law Act 1974 (Qld) s 4.
115. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
116. ACT Regs r 31A.
117. ACT Regs r 31A.
118. ACT Regs r 31A.
119. Qld Regs it 6 and 7.
120. Property Law Act 1974 (Qld) s 4.
121. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
122. M Briody and T Prenzler, "The Enforcement of Environmental Protection Laws in Queensland: A Case of Regulatory Capture?" 15(1) EPLJ 54.
123. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
124. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
125. NSW Act s 4(2)(b).
126. NSW Act s 4(2)(b).
127. NSW Act s 4(2)(b).
128. NSW Act s 4(2)(b).
129. NSW Act s 4(2)(b).
130. NSW Act s 4(2)(b).
131. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
132. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
133. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
134. ACT Act s 9(2) "A person shall not, without reasonable excuse, confine an animal in a manner that causes injury, pain, or undue distress to the animal. Penalty: $10,000 or imprisonment foi 1 year, or both. "
135. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
136. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
137. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm
138. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
139. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
140. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
141. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
142. See further, M Raff "Ten Principles of Quality in Environmental Impact Assessment" 14 Environmental and Planning Law Journal 207.
143. DWR, Security for Major Water Allocations: Issues Paper, Melbourne, Department of Water Resources, Victoria, 1986, p 1.
144. J Butcher, "The US & EU Trade Dispute Over GMO Soybeans", (1997) Case Number: 446 www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/soybean.htm