메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue , 2013, Pages 159-185

Climate Control of Wood Formation: Illustrated for Scots Pine at Its Northern Distribution Limit

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84883334628     PISSN: 18611370     EISSN: 18611362     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-36491-4_6     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (7)

References (131)
  • 1
    • 0006436961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finnish Forest Research Institute, Research Papers 681
    • Aalto T, Jalkanen R (1998) The needle trace method. Finnish Forest Research Institute, Research Papers 681, 36 p
    • (1998) The needle trace method , pp. 36
    • Aalto, T.1    Jalkanen, R.2
  • 2
    • 0042856649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal water stress and wood formation in Cryptomeria japonica
    • Abe H, Nakai T, Utsuma Y, Kagawa A (2003) Temporal water stress and wood formation in Cryptomeria japonica. Tree Physiol 23:859-863
    • (2003) Tree Physiol , vol.23 , pp. 859-863
    • Abe, H.1    Nakai, T.2    Utsuma, Y.3    Kagawa, A.4
  • 3
    • 84883437358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of hormones in controlling vascular differentiation
    • In: Fromm J (ed), Springer, Heidelberg
    • Aloni R (2013) The role of hormones in controlling vascular differentiation. In: Fromm J (ed) Cellular aspects of wood formation. Springer, Heidelberg
    • (2013) Cellular aspects of wood formation
    • Aloni, R.1
  • 4
    • 0030884773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of environmental factors on wood formation in larch (Larix sibirica Ldb) stems
    • Antonova GF, Stasova VV (1997) Effects of environmental factors on wood formation in larch (Larix sibirica Ldb) stems. Trees 11:462-468
    • (1997) Trees , vol.11 , pp. 462-468
    • Antonova, G.F.1    Stasova, V.V.2
  • 5
    • 34547815678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal change in the drought response of wood cell development in poplar
    • Arend M, Fromm J (2007) Seasonal change in the drought response of wood cell development in poplar. Tree Physiol 27:985-992
    • (2007) Tree Physiol , vol.27 , pp. 985-992
    • Arend, M.1    Fromm, J.2
  • 6
    • 33646383076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature regulation of bud-burst phenology within and among years in a young Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) plantation in western Washington, USA
    • Bailey JD, Harrington CA (2006) Temperature regulation of bud-burst phenology within and among years in a young Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) plantation in western Washington, USA. Tree Physiol 26:421-430
    • (2006) Tree Physiol , vol.26 , pp. 421-430
    • Bailey, J.D.1    Harrington, C.A.2
  • 7
    • 0003802325 scopus 로고
    • (ed), Castle House Publications, Turnbridge Wells
    • Barnett JR (ed) (1981) Xylem cell development. Castle House Publications, Turnbridge Wells
    • (1981) Xylem cell development
    • Barnett, J.R.1
  • 9
    • 18344398650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radial growth dynamics of spruce (Picea abies) measured by micro-cores
    • Bäucker E, Bues C-T, Vogel M (1998) Radial growth dynamics of spruce (Picea abies) measured by micro-cores. IAWA J 19:301-309
    • (1998) IAWA J , vol.19 , pp. 301-309
    • Bäucker, E.1    Bues, C.-T.2    Vogel, M.3
  • 13
    • 33646686137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term change in the sensitivity of tree-ring growth to climate forcing in Larix decidua
    • Carrer M, Urbinati C (2006) Long-term change in the sensitivity of tree-ring growth to climate forcing in Larix decidua. New Phytol 170:861-872
    • (2006) New Phytol , vol.170 , pp. 861-872
    • Carrer, M.1    Urbinati, C.2
  • 14
    • 38349131702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the 'divergence problem' in northern forests: A review of the tree-ring evidence and possible causes
    • D'Arrigo R, Wilson R, Liepert B, Cherubini P (2008) On the 'divergence problem' in northern forests: a review of the tree-ring evidence and possible causes. Glob Planet Change 60:289-305
    • (2008) Glob Planet Change , vol.60 , pp. 289-305
    • D'Arrigo, R.1    Wilson, R.2    Liepert, B.3    Cherubini, P.4
  • 15
    • 0001779939 scopus 로고
    • The environmental control of xylem differentiation
    • In: Barnett JR (ed), Castle House Publications, Turnbridge Wells
    • Denne MP, Dodd RS (1981) The environmental control of xylem differentiation. In: Barnett JR (ed) Xylem cell development. Castle House Publications, Turnbridge Wells, pp 236-255
    • (1981) Xylem cell development , pp. 236-255
    • Denne, M.P.1    Dodd, R.S.2
  • 16
    • 21444450025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-annual tracheid production in balsam fir stems and the effect of meteorological variables
    • Deslauriers A, Morin H (2005) Intra-annual tracheid production in balsam fir stems and the effect of meteorological variables. Trees 19:402-408
    • (2005) Trees , vol.19 , pp. 402-408
    • Deslauriers, A.1    Morin, H.2
  • 17
    • 79958248043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-annual patterns of tracheid size in the Mediterranean tree Juniperus thurifera as an indicator of seasonal water stress
    • DeSoto L, De la Cruz M, Fonti P (2011) Intra-annual patterns of tracheid size in the Mediterranean tree Juniperus thurifera as an indicator of seasonal water stress. Can J For Res 41:1280-1294
    • (2011) Can J For Res , vol.41 , pp. 1280-1294
    • DeSoto, L.1    De la Cruz, M.2    Fonti, P.3
  • 18
    • 28944436802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergent tree growth response to recent climatic warming, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Alaska
    • doi:10.1029/2005GL024258
    • Driscoll W, Wiles GC, D'Arrigo RD, Wilmking M (2005) Divergent tree growth response to recent climatic warming, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Alaska. Geophys Res Lett 32:L20703. doi:10.1029/2005GL024258
    • (2005) Geophys Res Lett , vol.32
    • Driscoll, W.1    Wiles, G.C.2    D'Arrigo, R.D.3    Wilmking, M.4
  • 19
    • 34548034102 scopus 로고
    • Mitt Bundesforschungsanst Forst-/Holzwirtschaft, Hamburg
    • Eckstein D (1983) Biological basis of dendrochronology, vol 141. Mitt Bundesforschungsanst Forst-/Holzwirtschaft, Hamburg, pp 11-20
    • (1983) Biological basis of dendrochronology , vol.141 , pp. 11-20
    • Eckstein, D.1
  • 20
    • 0000121138 scopus 로고
    • Dendroecological studies on spruce trees to monitor environmental changes around Hamburg
    • Eckstein D, Krause C (1989) Dendroecological studies on spruce trees to monitor environmental changes around Hamburg. IAWA Bull 10:175-182
    • (1989) IAWA Bull , vol.10 , pp. 175-182
    • Eckstein, D.1    Krause, C.2
  • 21
    • 85064468542 scopus 로고
    • IX Intern IUFRO-meeting on air pollution and forestry, Mariánská Lázne, Czechoslovakia, 15-18 Oct 1974; Prague 1975
    • Eckstein D, Liese W (1975) Veränderungen der Holzstruktur bei rauchgeschädigten Fichten. IX Intern IUFRO-meeting on air pollution and forestry, Mariánská Lázne, Czechoslovakia, 15-18 Oct 1974; Prague 1975, pp 205-214
    • (1975) Veränderungen der Holzstruktur bei rauchgeschädigten Fichten , pp. 205-214
    • Eckstein, D.1    Liese, W.2
  • 22
    • 0038463213 scopus 로고
    • Dendroklimatologische Untersuchungen an Stieleichen aus dem maritimen Klimagebiet Schleswig-Holsteins
    • Eckstein D, Schmidt B (1974) Dendroklimatologische Untersuchungen an Stieleichen aus dem maritimen Klimagebiet Schleswig-Holsteins. Angew Bot 48:371-383
    • (1974) Angew Bot , vol.48 , pp. 371-383
    • Eckstein, D.1    Schmidt, B.2
  • 23
    • 0017412721 scopus 로고
    • Holzanatomische Untersuchungen zum Nachweis anthropogener Einflüsse auf die Umweltbedingungen einer Rotbuche
    • Eckstein D, Frisse E, Quiehl F (1977) Holzanatomische Untersuchungen zum Nachweis anthropogener Einflüsse auf die Umweltbedingungen einer Rotbuche. Angew Bot 51:47-56
    • (1977) Angew Bot , vol.51 , pp. 47-56
    • Eckstein, D.1    Frisse, E.2    Quiehl, F.3
  • 24
    • 31944437028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth reaction of Pinus sylvestris L. and Quercus pubescens Willd. to drought years on a dry site in Valais, Switzerland
    • Eilmann B, Weber P, Rigling A, Eckstein D (2006) Growth reaction of Pinus sylvestris L. and Quercus pubescens Willd. to drought years on a dry site in Valais, Switzerland. Dendrochronologia 23:121-132
    • (2006) Dendrochronologia , vol.23 , pp. 121-132
    • Eilmann, B.1    Weber, P.2    Rigling, A.3    Eckstein, D.4
  • 25
    • 79957477167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drought alters timing, quantity, and quality of wood formation in Scots pine
    • Eilmann B, Zweifel R, Buchmann N, Graf-Pannatier W, Rigling A (2011) Drought alters timing, quantity, and quality of wood formation in Scots pine. J Exp Bot 62:2763-2771
    • (2011) J Exp Bot , vol.62 , pp. 2763-2771
    • Eilmann, B.1    Zweifel, R.2    Buchmann, N.3    Graf-Pannatier, W.4    Rigling, A.5
  • 26
    • 84860541551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability and extremes of northern Scandinavian summer temperatures over the past two millennia
    • Esper J, Büntgen U, Timonen M, Frank DC (2012) Variability and extremes of northern Scandinavian summer temperatures over the past two millennia. Glob Planet Change 88-89:1-9
    • (2012) Glob Planet Change 88- , vol.89 , pp. 1-9
    • Esper, J.1    Büntgen, U.2    Timonen, M.3    Frank, D.C.4
  • 27
    • 84864545377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xylem plasticity in response to climate
    • Fonti P, Jansen S (2012) Xylem plasticity in response to climate. New Phytol 195:734-736
    • (2012) New Phytol , vol.195 , pp. 734-736
    • Fonti, P.1    Jansen, S.2
  • 28
    • 33846260146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Earlywood vessels of Castanea sativa record temperature before their formation
    • Fonti P, Solomonoff N, García-Gonzáles I (2007) Earlywood vessels of Castanea sativa record temperature before their formation. New Phytol 173:562-570
    • (2007) New Phytol , vol.173 , pp. 562-570
    • Fonti, P.1    Solomonoff, N.2    García-Gonzáles, I.3
  • 31
    • 77956037328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood formation of trees in relation to potassium and calcium nutrition
    • Fromm J (2010) Wood formation of trees in relation to potassium and calcium nutrition. Tree Physiol 30:1140-1147
    • (2010) Tree Physiol , vol.30 , pp. 1140-1147
    • Fromm, J.1
  • 32
    • 84883358332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xylem development in trees: From cambial divisions to mature wood cells
    • In: Fromm J (ed), Springer, Heidelberg
    • Fromm J (2013) Xylem development in trees: from cambial divisions to mature wood cells. In: Fromm J (ed) Cellular aspects of wood formation. Springer, Heidelberg
    • (2013) Cellular aspects of wood formation
    • Fromm, J.1
  • 33
    • 0037985360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate signal of earlywood vessels of oak on a maritime site
    • García-Gonzáles I, Eckstein D (2003) Climate signal of earlywood vessels of oak on a maritime site. Tree Physiol 23:497-504
    • (2003) Tree Physiol , vol.23 , pp. 497-504
    • García-Gonzáles, I.1    Eckstein, D.2
  • 34
    • 41149125876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ensuring a representative sample of earlywood vessels for dendroecological studies: An example from two ring-porous species
    • García-Gonzáles I, Fonti P (2008) Ensuring a representative sample of earlywood vessels for dendroecological studies: an example from two ring-porous species. Trees 22:237-244
    • (2008) Trees , vol.22 , pp. 237-244
    • García-Gonzáles, I.1    Fonti, P.2
  • 36
    • 0034954312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell-wall lignin content related to tracheid dimensions in drought sensitive Austrian pine (Pinus nigra Arnold)
    • Gindl W (2001) Cell-wall lignin content related to tracheid dimensions in drought sensitive Austrian pine (Pinus nigra Arnold). IAWA J 22:113-120
    • (2001) IAWA J , vol.22 , pp. 113-120
    • Gindl, W.1
  • 37
    • 34547484806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood formation in Norway spruce (Picea abies) studied by pinning and intact tissue sampling method
    • Gričar J, Zupančič M, Čufar K, Oven P (2007) Wood formation in Norway spruce (Picea abies) studied by pinning and intact tissue sampling method. Wood Research 52:1-10
    • (2007) Wood Research , vol.52 , pp. 1-10
    • Gričar, J.1    Zupančič, M.2    Čufar, K.3    Oven, P.4
  • 38
    • 54949132213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Torneträsk tree-ring width and density AD 500-240: A test of climatic sensitivity and a new 1500-year reconstruction of north Fennoscandian summers
    • Grudd H (2008) Torneträsk tree-ring width and density AD 500-240: a test of climatic sensitivity and a new 1500-year reconstruction of north Fennoscandian summers. Clim Dyn 31:843-857
    • (2008) Clim Dyn , vol.31 , pp. 843-857
    • Grudd, H.1
  • 39
    • 33644605311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of frost injuries in the wood of conifers
    • Gurskaya MA, Shiyatov SG (2006) Distribution of frost injuries in the wood of conifers. Russ J Ecol 37:7-12
    • (2006) Russ J Ecol , vol.37 , pp. 7-12
    • Gurskaya, M.A.1    Shiyatov, S.G.2
  • 40
    • 84864972139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extreme cold summers in western Siberia, concluded from light-rings in the wood of conifers
    • Gurskaya MA, Hallinger M, Eckstein D, Wilmking M (2012) Extreme cold summers in western Siberia, concluded from light-rings in the wood of conifers. Phyton 52:101-119
    • (2012) Phyton , vol.52 , pp. 101-119
    • Gurskaya, M.A.1    Hallinger, M.2    Eckstein, D.3    Wilmking, M.4
  • 41
    • 0028802086 scopus 로고
    • Methods for combining phenological time series: Application to bud burst in birch (Betula pendula) in Central Finland for the period 1896-1995
    • Häkkinen R, Linkosalo T, Hari P (1995) Methods for combining phenological time series: application to bud burst in birch (Betula pendula) in Central Finland for the period 1896-1995. Tree Physiol 15:721-726
    • (1995) Tree Physiol , vol.15 , pp. 721-726
    • Häkkinen, R.1    Linkosalo, T.2    Hari, P.3
  • 42
    • 0032944719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of temperature models for predicting bud burst in Norway spruce
    • Hannerz M (1999) Evaluation of temperature models for predicting bud burst in Norway spruce. Can J For Res 29:9-19
    • (1999) Can J For Res , vol.29 , pp. 9-19
    • Hannerz, M.1
  • 44
    • 0002720135 scopus 로고
    • Physiological aspects of climatic adaptation in plants with special reference to high-latitude environments
    • In: Kaurin Å, Junttila O, Nilsen J (eds), Norwegian University Press, Tromsø
    • Heide OM (1985) Physiological aspects of climatic adaptation in plants with special reference to high-latitude environments. In: Kaurin Å, Junttila O, Nilsen J (eds) Plant production in the North. Norwegian University Press, Tromsø, pp 1-12
    • (1985) Plant production in the North , pp. 1-12
    • Heide, O.M.1
  • 45
    • 69949186812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summer temperature variations in Lapland during the medieval warm period and the Little Ice Age relative to natural instability of thermohaline circulation on multidecadal and multi-centennial scales
    • Helama S, Timonen M, Holopainen J, Ogurtsov MG, Mielikäinen K, Eronen M, Lindholm M, Meriläinen J (2009) Summer temperature variations in Lapland during the medieval warm period and the Little Ice Age relative to natural instability of thermohaline circulation on multidecadal and multi-centennial scales. J Quat Sci 24:450-456
    • (2009) J Quat Sci , vol.24 , pp. 450-456
    • Helama, S.1    Timonen, M.2    Holopainen, J.3    Ogurtsov, M.G.4    Mielikäinen, K.5    Eronen, M.6    Lindholm, M.7    Meriläinen, J.8
  • 47
    • 3042521922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual needle production and height growth: Better climate predictors than radial growth at treeline?
    • Jalkanen R, Tuovinen M (2001) Annual needle production and height growth: better climate predictors than radial growth at treeline? Dendrochronologia 19:39-44
    • (2001) Dendrochronologia , vol.19 , pp. 39-44
    • Jalkanen, R.1    Tuovinen, M.2
  • 48
    • 79960221942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of Scots pine in the changing environment of the northern boreal zone in Finland
    • In: Taulavuori E, Taulavuori K (eds), Research Signpost, Kerala, India
    • Jalkanen R, Pensa M, Salminen H (2007) Development of Scots pine in the changing environment of the northern boreal zone in Finland. In: Taulavuori E, Taulavuori K (eds) Physiology of northern plants under changing environment. Research Signpost, Kerala, India, pp 271-289
    • (2007) Physiology of northern plants under changing environment , pp. 271-289
    • Jalkanen, R.1    Pensa, M.2    Salminen, H.3
  • 49
    • 0038344174 scopus 로고
    • Ueber Beziehungen zwischen der Blattentwicklung und der Gefässbildung in der Pflanze
    • Jost L (1893) Ueber Beziehungen zwischen der Blattentwicklung und der Gefässbildung in der Pflanze. Bot Ztg 51:89-138
    • (1893) Bot Ztg , vol.51 , pp. 89-138
    • Jost, L.1
  • 50
    • 0032962204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic information from tree-rings of Pinus sylvestris L and a reconstruction of summer temperatures back to AD 1500 in Femundsmarka, eastern Norway, using partial least squares regression (PLS) analysis
    • Kalela-Brundin M (1999) Climatic information from tree-rings of Pinus sylvestris L and a reconstruction of summer temperatures back to AD 1500 in Femundsmarka, eastern Norway, using partial least squares regression (PLS) analysis. Holocene 9:59-77
    • (1999) Holocene , vol.9 , pp. 59-77
    • Kalela-Brundin, M.1
  • 51
    • 0024922139 scopus 로고
    • In situ photosynthetic performance of four coexisting dwarf shrubs in relation to light in a subarctic woodland
    • Karlsson PS (1989) In situ photosynthetic performance of four coexisting dwarf shrubs in relation to light in a subarctic woodland. Funct Ecol 3:481-487
    • (1989) Funct Ecol , vol.3 , pp. 481-487
    • Karlsson, P.S.1
  • 52
    • 69049087573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degraded temperature sensitivity of a stone pine chronology explained by dendrochemical evidences
    • Kern Z, Popa I, Varga Z, Széles É (2009) Degraded temperature sensitivity of a stone pine chronology explained by dendrochemical evidences. Dendrochronologia 27:121-128
    • (2009) Dendrochronologia , vol.27 , pp. 121-128
    • Kern, Z.1    Popa, I.2    Varga, Z.3    Széles, E.4
  • 53
    • 0003717587 scopus 로고
    • Macmillan, New York
    • Kimmins JP (1987) Forest ecology. Macmillan, New York, pp 130-147
    • (1987) Forest ecology , pp. 130-147
    • Kimmins, J.P.1
  • 54
    • 0035154168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstruction of summer temperatures from tree rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in coastal northern Norway
    • Kirchhefer AJ (2001) Reconstruction of summer temperatures from tree rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in coastal northern Norway. Holocene 11:41-52
    • (2001) Holocene , vol.11 , pp. 41-52
    • Kirchhefer, A.J.1
  • 55
    • 0347298644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of early summer temperature and date of snow melt for tree growth in the Siberian Subarctic
    • Kirdyanov A, Hughes M, Vaganov E, Schweingruber F, Silkin P (2003) The importance of early summer temperature and date of snow melt for tree growth in the Siberian Subarctic. Trees 17:61-69
    • (2003) Trees , vol.17 , pp. 61-69
    • Kirdyanov, A.1    Hughes, M.2    Vaganov, E.3    Schweingruber, F.4    Silkin, P.5
  • 56
    • 84951507698 scopus 로고
    • Einfluss der Jahreswitterung 1959 auf Zellartenverteilung, Faserlänge und Gefäßweite verschiedener Holzarten
    • Knigge W, Schulz H (1961) Einfluss der Jahreswitterung 1959 auf Zellartenverteilung, Faserlänge und Gefäßweite verschiedener Holzarten. Holz Roh-/Werkstoff 19:293-303
    • (1961) Holz Roh-/Werkstoff , vol.19 , pp. 293-303
    • Knigge, W.1    Schulz, H.2
  • 59
    • 33746808507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Light rings in Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis) in semiarid areas of north China and their palaeo-climatological potential
    • Liang E, Eckstein D (2006) Light rings in Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis) in semiarid areas of north China and their palaeo-climatological potential. New Phytol 171:783-791
    • (2006) New Phytol , vol.171 , pp. 783-791
    • Liang, E.1    Eckstein, D.2
  • 60
    • 79952091069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The height-increment record of summer temperature extended over the last millennium in Fennoscandia
    • Lindholm M, Aalto T, Jalkanen R, Salminen H, Ogurtsov M (2011) The height-increment record of summer temperature extended over the last millennium in Fennoscandia. Holocene 21:319-326
    • (2011) Holocene , vol.21 , pp. 319-326
    • Lindholm, M.1    Aalto, T.2    Jalkanen, R.3    Salminen, H.4    Ogurtsov, M.5
  • 61
    • 0033679005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting spring phenology and frost damage risk of Betula spp. under climatic warming: A comparison of two models
    • Linkosalo T, Carter TR, Häkkinen R, Hari P (2000) Predicting spring phenology and frost damage risk of Betula spp. under climatic warming: a comparison of two models. Tree Physiol 20:1175-1182
    • (2000) Tree Physiol , vol.20 , pp. 1175-1182
    • Linkosalo, T.1    Carter, T.R.2    Häkkinen, R.3    Hari, P.4
  • 62
    • 84875054502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Has an extending growing season any effect on the growth of Smith fir at the timberline on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau
    • doi:10.1007/s00468-012-0819-z
    • Liu B, Li Y, Eckstein D, Zhu L, Dawadi B, Liang E (2013) Has an extending growing season any effect on the growth of Smith fir at the timberline on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Trees 27:1432-2285. doi:10.1007/s00468-012-0819-z
    • (2013) Trees , vol.27 , pp. 1432-2285
    • Liu, B.1    Li, Y.2    Eckstein, D.3    Zhu, L.4    Dawadi, B.5    Liang, E.6
  • 63
    • 0000350793 scopus 로고
    • Dickenwachstum von Zirbe, Fichte und Lärche an der alpinen Waldgrenze/ Patscherkofel
    • Loris K (1981) Dickenwachstum von Zirbe, Fichte und Lärche an der alpinen Waldgrenze/ Patscherkofel. Mitt Forstl Bundesvers Wien 152:417-441
    • (1981) Mitt Forstl Bundesvers Wien , vol.152 , pp. 417-441
    • Loris, K.1
  • 64
    • 41949087600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal dynamics of wood formation: A comparison between pinning, microcoring and dendrometer measurements
    • Mäkinen H, Seo J-W, Nöid P, Schmitt U, Jalkanen R (2008) Seasonal dynamics of wood formation: a comparison between pinning, microcoring and dendrometer measurements. Eur J For Res 127:235-245
    • (2008) Eur J For Res , vol.127 , pp. 235-245
    • Mäkinen, H.1    Seo, J.-W.2    Nöid, P.3    Schmitt, U.4    Jalkanen, R.5
  • 65
    • 0013444433 scopus 로고
    • Les cernes dans les bois tropicaux africains, nature et périodicité
    • Mariaux A (1967-1968) Les cernes dans les bois tropicaux africains, nature et périodicité. Bois et Forêts des Tropiques No 113:3-14; No 114:23-37
    • (1967) Bois et Forêts des Tropiques , vol.113-114
    • Mariaux, A.1
  • 68
    • 0002231372 scopus 로고
    • Temperature and tree growth near the northern timberline
    • In: Kozlowski TT (ed), Ronald, New York
    • Mikola P (1962) Temperature and tree growth near the northern timberline. In: Kozlowski TT (ed) Tree growth. Ronald, New York, pp 265-287
    • (1962) Tree growth , pp. 265-287
    • Mikola, P.1
  • 69
    • 0000949469 scopus 로고
    • Die Qualität des Fichtenholzes unter besonderer Rücksichtnahme auf Schleif-und Papierholz
    • Mork E (1928) Die Qualität des Fichtenholzes unter besonderer Rücksichtnahme auf Schleif-und Papierholz. Der Papier-Fabrikant 26:741-747
    • (1928) Der Papier-Fabrikant , vol.26 , pp. 741-747
    • Mork, E.1
  • 70
    • 0008767557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Image-analysis of tracheid dimensions for dendrochronological use
    • In: Dean JS, Meko DM, Swetnam TW (eds), Proceedings of an international conference, Tucson, AZ, 17-21 May 1994. Radiocarbon, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona
    • Munro MAR, Brown PM, Hughes MK, Garcia EMR (1996) Image-analysis of tracheid dimensions for dendrochronological use. In: Dean JS, Meko DM, Swetnam TW (eds) Tree rings, environment, and humanity. Proceedings of an international conference, Tucson, AZ, 17-21 May 1994. Radiocarbon, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, pp 843-851
    • (1996) Tree rings, environment, and humanity , pp. 843-851
    • Munro, M.A.R.1    Brown, P.M.2    Hughes, M.K.3    Garcia, E.M.R.4
  • 71
    • 0007366351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic signal in earlywood and latewood of deciduous oaks in northern Italy
    • In: Dean JS, Meko DM, Swetnam TW (eds), Proceedings of an international conference, Tucson, AZ, 17-21 May 1994. Radiocarbon, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona
    • Nola P (1996) Climatic signal in earlywood and latewood of deciduous oaks in northern Italy. In: Dean JS, Meko DM, Swetnam TW (eds) Tree rings, environment, and humanity. Proceedings of an international conference, Tucson, AZ, 17-21 May 1994. Radiocarbon, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, pp 249-258
    • (1996) Tree rings, environment, and humanity , pp. 249-258
    • Nola, P.1
  • 72
    • 38849206363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term changes in tree-ring/climate relationships at Mt. Patscherkofel (Tyrol, Austria) since the mid-1980s
    • Oberhuber W, Kofler W, Pfeifer K, Seeber A, Gruber A, Wieser G (2008) Long-term changes in tree-ring/climate relationships at Mt. Patscherkofel (Tyrol, Austria) since the mid-1980s. Trees 22:31-40
    • (2008) Trees , vol.22 , pp. 31-40
    • Oberhuber, W.1    Kofler, W.2    Pfeifer, K.3    Seeber, A.4    Gruber, A.5    Wieser, G.6
  • 74
    • 0038043366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between cambial activity, cell differentiation and the localization of starch in storage tissues around the cambium in locally heated stems of Abies sachalinensis (Schmidt) Masters
    • Oribe Y, Funada R, Kubo T (2003) Relationships between cambial activity, cell differentiation and the localization of starch in storage tissues around the cambium in locally heated stems of Abies sachalinensis (Schmidt) Masters. Trees 17:185-192
    • (2003) Trees , vol.17 , pp. 185-192
    • Oribe, Y.1    Funada, R.2    Kubo, T.3
  • 75
    • 0348108185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summer temperature in northeastern Siberia since 1642 reconstructed from tracheid dimensions and cell numbers of Larix cajanderi
    • Panyushkina P, Hughes M, Vaganov E, Munro M (2003) Summer temperature in northeastern Siberia since 1642 reconstructed from tracheid dimensions and cell numbers of Larix cajanderi. Can J For Res 33:1905-1914
    • (2003) Can J For Res , vol.33 , pp. 1905-1914
    • Panyushkina, P.1    Hughes, M.2    Vaganov, E.3    Munro, M.4
  • 77
    • 0002074323 scopus 로고
    • The use of Engelmann spruce latewood density for dendrochronological purposes
    • Parker ML, Hennoch WES (1971) The use of Engelmann spruce latewood density for dendrochronological purposes. Can J For Res 1:90-98
    • (1971) Can J For Res , vol.1 , pp. 90-98
    • Parker, M.L.1    Hennoch, W.E.S.2
  • 78
    • 0032405963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of photoperiod and temperature on the timing of bud burst in Norway spruce (Picea abies)
    • Partanen J, Koski V, Hänninen H (1998) Effects of photoperiod and temperature on the timing of bud burst in Norway spruce (Picea abies). Tree Physiol 18:811-816
    • (1998) Tree Physiol , vol.18 , pp. 811-816
    • Partanen, J.1    Koski, V.2    Hänninen, H.3
  • 79
    • 18144423877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 250-year-long height-increment chronology for Pinus sylvestris at the northern coniferous timberline: A novel tool for reconstructing past summer temperature?
    • Pensa M, Salminen H, Jalkanen R (2005) A 250-year-long height-increment chronology for Pinus sylvestris at the northern coniferous timberline: a novel tool for reconstructing past summer temperature? Dendrochronologia 22:75-81
    • (2005) Dendrochronologia , vol.22 , pp. 75-81
    • Pensa, M.1    Salminen, H.2    Jalkanen, R.3
  • 82
    • 67650290830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topochemical investigations of cell walls in developing xylem of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
    • Prislan P, Koch G, Čufar K, Gričar J, Schmitt U (2009) Topochemical investigations of cell walls in developing xylem of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Holzforschung 63:482-490
    • (2009) Holzforschung , vol.63 , pp. 482-490
    • Prislan, P.1    Koch, G.2    Čufar, K.3    Gričar, J.4    Schmitt, U.5
  • 83
    • 0033800331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between growth cessation and frost hardening in Scots pines of different origins
    • Repo T, Zhang G, Ryyppö A, Rikala R, Vuorinen M (2000) The relation between growth cessation and frost hardening in Scots pines of different origins. Trees 14:456-464
    • (2000) Trees , vol.14 , pp. 456-464
    • Repo, T.1    Zhang, G.2    Ryyppö, A.3    Rikala, R.4    Vuorinen, M.5
  • 86
    • 84858065804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causes and correlations in cambium phenology: Towards an integrated framework of xylogenesis
    • Rossi S, Morin H, Deslauriers A (2012) Causes and correlations in cambium phenology: towards an integrated framework of xylogenesis. Environ Exp Bot 63:2117-2163
    • (2012) Environ Exp Bot , vol.63 , pp. 2117-2163
    • Rossi, S.1    Morin, H.2    Deslauriers, A.3
  • 87
    • 16844381085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does current summer temperature contribute to the final shoot length on Pinus sylvestris? A case study at the northern conifer timberline
    • Salminen H, Jalkanen R (2004) Does current summer temperature contribute to the final shoot length on Pinus sylvestris? A case study at the northern conifer timberline. Dendrochronologia 21:79-84
    • (2004) Dendrochronologia , vol.21 , pp. 79-84
    • Salminen, H.1    Jalkanen, R.2
  • 88
    • 34548427479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-annual height increment of Pinus sylvestris at high latitudes in Finland
    • Salminen H, Jalkanen R (2007) Intra-annual height increment of Pinus sylvestris at high latitudes in Finland. Tree Physiol 27:1347-1353
    • (2007) Tree Physiol , vol.27 , pp. 1347-1353
    • Salminen, H.1    Jalkanen, R.2
  • 89
    • 70449947473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summer temperature affects the ratio of radial and height growth of Scots pine in northern Finland
    • Salminen H, Jalkanen R, Lindholm M (2009) Summer temperature affects the ratio of radial and height growth of Scots pine in northern Finland. Ann For Sci 66:810
    • (2009) Ann For Sci , vol.66 , pp. 810
    • Salminen, H.1    Jalkanen, R.2    Lindholm, M.3
  • 90
    • 0002101169 scopus 로고
    • Investigations on the annual cycle of development of forest trees. Active period
    • Sarvas R (1972) Investigations on the annual cycle of development of forest trees. Active period. Comm Inst For Fenn 76:1-110
    • (1972) Comm Inst For Fenn , vol.76 , pp. 1-110
    • Sarvas, R.1
  • 91
    • 0009694081 scopus 로고
    • The annual vessel area of beech as an ecological indicator
    • Sass U, Eckstein D (1992) The annual vessel area of beech as an ecological indicator. Lundqua Rep 34:281-285
    • (1992) Lundqua Rep , vol.34 , pp. 281-285
    • Sass, U.1    Eckstein, D.2
  • 93
    • 0033151547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isotope signals as climate proxies: The role of transfer functions in the study of terrestrial archives
    • Schleser GH, Helle G, Lücke A, Vos H (1999) Isotope signals as climate proxies: the role of transfer functions in the study of terrestrial archives. Quat Sci Rev 18:927-943
    • (1999) Quat Sci Rev , vol.18 , pp. 927-943
    • Schleser, G.H.1    Helle, G.2    Lücke, A.3    Vos, H.4
  • 94
    • 3042673929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambium dynamics of Pinus sylvestris and Betula spp. in the northern boreal forest in Finland
    • Schmitt U, Jalkanen R, Eckstein D (2004) Cambium dynamics of Pinus sylvestris and Betula spp. in the northern boreal forest in Finland. Silva Fenn 38:167-178
    • (2004) Silva Fenn , vol.38 , pp. 167-178
    • Schmitt, U.1    Jalkanen, R.2    Eckstein, D.3
  • 95
    • 84858289257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical and radial profiles in tracheid characteristics along the trunk of Douglas-fir trees with implications for water transport
    • Schulte PJ (2012) Vertical and radial profiles in tracheid characteristics along the trunk of Douglas-fir trees with implications for water transport. Trees 26:421-433
    • (2012) Trees , vol.26 , pp. 421-433
    • Schulte, P.J.1
  • 98
    • 34548015640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pinning method: From pinning to data preparation
    • Seo J-W, Eckstein D, Schmitt U (2007) The pinning method: from pinning to data preparation. Dendrochronologia 25:79-86
    • (2007) Dendrochronologia , vol.25 , pp. 79-86
    • Seo, J.-W.1    Eckstein, D.2    Schmitt, U.3
  • 99
    • 40449126319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the onset of cambial activity in Scots pine in northern Finland by means of the heat-sum approach
    • Seo J-W, Eckstein D, Jalkanen R, Rickebusch S, Schmitt U (2008) Estimating the onset of cambial activity in Scots pine in northern Finland by means of the heat-sum approach. Tree Physiol 28:105-112
    • (2008) Tree Physiol , vol.28 , pp. 105-112
    • Seo, J.-W.1    Eckstein, D.2    Jalkanen, R.3    Rickebusch, S.4    Schmitt, U.5
  • 100
    • 77958453612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronological coherence between intraannual height and radial growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the northern boreal zone of Finland
    • Seo J-W, Salminen H, Jalkanen R, Eckstein D (2010) Chronological coherence between intraannual height and radial growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the northern boreal zone of Finland. Balt For 16:57-65
    • (2010) Balt For , vol.16 , pp. 57-65
    • Seo, J.-W.1    Salminen, H.2    Jalkanen, R.3    Eckstein, D.4
  • 101
    • 79960221258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic control of intra-and inter-annual wood-formation dynamics of Scots pine in northern Finland
    • Seo J-W, Eckstein D, Jalkanen R, Schmitt U (2011) Climatic control of intra-and inter-annual wood-formation dynamics of Scots pine in northern Finland. Environ Exp Bot 72:422-431
    • (2011) Environ Exp Bot , vol.72 , pp. 422-431
    • Seo, J.-W.1    Eckstein, D.2    Jalkanen, R.3    Schmitt, U.4
  • 102
    • 84922686701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bud break and intraannual height growth dynamics of saplings and pole-stage trees of Scots pine: Case study for a boreal forest in northern Finland
    • Seo J-W, Aalto T, Jalkanen R, Eckstein D, Schmitt U, Fromm J (2012a) Bud break and intraannual height growth dynamics of saplings and pole-stage trees of Scots pine: case study for a boreal forest in northern Finland. Balt For 18:144-149
    • (2012) Balt For , vol.18 , pp. 144-149
    • Seo, J.-W.1    Aalto, T.2    Jalkanen, R.3    Eckstein, D.4    Schmitt, U.5    Fromm, J.6
  • 103
    • 84870482556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening various variables of cellular anatomy of Scots pines in subarctic Finland for climatic signals
    • Seo J-W, Eckstein D, Jalkanen R (2012b) Screening various variables of cellular anatomy of Scots pines in subarctic Finland for climatic signals. IAWA J 33:417-429
    • (2012) IAWA J , vol.33 , pp. 417-429
    • Seo, J.-W.1    Eckstein, D.2    Jalkanen, R.3
  • 104
    • 0003091112 scopus 로고
    • Skogsgränstallen som indikator för klimafluktuationerna in norra Fennoskandien under historisk tid
    • Sirén G (1961) Skogsgränstallen som indikator för klimafluktuationerna in norra Fennoskandien under historisk tid. Comm Inst For Fenn 53:1-66
    • (1961) Comm Inst For Fenn , vol.53 , pp. 1-66
    • Sirén, G.1
  • 106
    • 0038124056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Earlywood, latewood and total ring width of a ring-porous species (Fraxinus nigra Marsh) in relation to climatic and hydrologic factors
    • In: Dean JS, Meko DM, Swetnam TW (eds), Proceedings of an international conference, Tucson, AZ, 17-21 May 1994. Radiocarbon, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona
    • Tardif J (1996) Earlywood, latewood and total ring width of a ring-porous species (Fraxinus nigra Marsh) in relation to climatic and hydrologic factors. In: Dean JS, Meko DM, Swetnam TW (eds) Tree rings, environment, and humanity. Proceedings of an international conference, Tucson, AZ, 17-21 May 1994. Radiocarbon, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, pp 315-324
    • (1996) Tree rings, environment, and humanity , pp. 315-324
    • Tardif, J.1
  • 107
    • 77955770037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth response of trees to Arctic light environment
    • Taulavuori K, Sarala M, Taulavuori E (2010) Growth response of trees to Arctic light environment. Prog Bot 71:157-168
    • (2010) Prog Bot , vol.71 , pp. 157-168
    • Taulavuori, K.1    Sarala, M.2    Taulavuori, E.3
  • 109
    • 62749089305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal stability of the climatic signal in northern Fennoscandian pine tree-ring width and maximum density
    • Tuovinen M, McCarroll D, Grudd H, Jalkanen R, Los S (2009) Spatial and temporal stability of the climatic signal in northern Fennoscandian pine tree-ring width and maximum density. Boreas 38:1-12
    • (2009) Boreas , vol.38 , pp. 1-12
    • Tuovinen, M.1    McCarroll, D.2    Grudd, H.3    Jalkanen, R.4    Los, S.5
  • 110
    • 0035040213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Function and dynamics of auxin and carbohydrates during earlywood/latewood transition in Scots pine
    • Uggla C, Magel E, Moritz T, Sundberg B (2001) Function and dynamics of auxin and carbohydrates during earlywood/latewood transition in Scots pine. Plant Physiol 125:2029-2039
    • (2001) Plant Physiol , vol.125 , pp. 2029-2039
    • Uggla, C.1    Magel, E.2    Moritz, T.3    Sundberg, B.4
  • 115
    • 0001858566 scopus 로고
    • Intra-annual variation of radial tracheid diameters as monitor of site specific water stress
    • von Wilpert K (1991) Intra-annual variation of radial tracheid diameters as monitor of site specific water stress. Dendrochronologia 9:95-113
    • (1991) Dendrochronologia , vol.9 , pp. 95-113
    • von Wilpert, K.1
  • 116
    • 3042796414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree-ring-based mass-balance estimates for the past 300 years at Peyto Glacier, Alberta, Canada
    • Watson E, Luckman BH (2004) Tree-ring-based mass-balance estimates for the past 300 years at Peyto Glacier, Alberta, Canada. Quat Res 62:9-18
    • (2004) Quat Res , vol.62 , pp. 9-18
    • Watson, E.1    Luckman, B.H.2
  • 119
    • 7244250190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent climate warming forces opposite growth responses of white spruce at treeline in Alaska through temperature threshold
    • Wilmking M, Juday GP, Barber VA, Zald HSJ (2004) Recent climate warming forces opposite growth responses of white spruce at treeline in Alaska through temperature threshold. Glob Change Biol 10:1724-1736
    • (2004) Glob Change Biol , vol.10 , pp. 1724-1736
    • Wilmking, M.1    Juday, G.P.2    Barber, V.A.3    Zald, H.S.J.4
  • 120
    • 84867680262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of climate, site conditions, and seed quality on recent treeline dynamics inNW Russia: Permafrost and lack of reproductive success hamper treeline advance?
    • doi:10.1007/ s10021-012-9565-8
    • Wilmking M, Sanders TGM, Zhang Y, Kenter S, Holzkämper S, Grittenden PD (2012) Effects of climate, site conditions, and seed quality on recent treeline dynamics inNW Russia: permafrost and lack of reproductive success hamper treeline advance? Ecosystems 15:1053. doi:10.1007/ s10021-012-9565-8
    • (2012) Ecosystems , vol.15 , pp. 1053
    • Wilmking, M.1    Sanders, T.G.M.2    Zhang, Y.3    Kenter, S.4    Holzkämper, S.5    Grittenden, P.D.6
  • 121
    • 1642441362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal instability in tree-growth/climate response in the lower Bavarian Forest region: Implications for dendroclimatic reconstruction
    • Wilson R, Elling W (2004) Temporal instability in tree-growth/climate response in the lower Bavarian Forest region: implications for dendroclimatic reconstruction. Trees 18:19-28
    • (2004) Trees , vol.18 , pp. 19-28
    • Wilson, R.1    Elling, W.2
  • 122
    • 3042532536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood anatomical features in tree rings as indicators of environmental change
    • Wimmer R (2002) Wood anatomical features in tree rings as indicators of environmental change. Dendrochronologia 20:21-36
    • (2002) Dendrochronologia , vol.20 , pp. 21-36
    • Wimmer, R.1
  • 123
    • 77956983024 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of xylem differentiation in Pinus sylvestris L
    • Wodzicki TJ (1971) Mechanism of xylem differentiation in Pinus sylvestris L. J Exp Bot 22:670-687
    • (1971) J Exp Bot , vol.22 , pp. 670-687
    • Wodzicki, T.J.1
  • 124
    • 0000385405 scopus 로고
    • A new method for marking xylem growth
    • Wolter KE (1968) A new method for marking xylem growth. For Sci 14:102-104
    • (1968) For Sci , vol.14 , pp. 102-104
    • Wolter, K.E.1
  • 125
    • 0024783233 scopus 로고
    • Climate sensitivity of wood-anatomical features of bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa)
    • Woodcock DW (1989) Climate sensitivity of wood-anatomical features of bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa). Can J For Res 19:639-644
    • (1989) Can J For Res , vol.19 , pp. 639-644
    • Woodcock, D.W.1
  • 126
    • 84873922414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate response of cell characteristics in tree rings of Picea crassifolia
    • doi:10.1515/hf-2011-0144
    • Xu J, Lu J, Bao F, Evans R, Downes GM (2012a) Climate response of cell characteristics in tree rings of Picea crassifolia. Holzforschung. doi:10.1515/hf-2011-0144
    • (2012) Holzforschung
    • Xu, J.1    Lu, J.2    Bao, F.3    Evans, R.4    Downes, G.M.5
  • 127
    • 84862783745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellulose microfibril angle variation in Picea crassifolia tree rings improves climate signals on the Tibetan Plateau
    • Xu J, Lu J, Bao F, Evans R, Downes G, Huang R, Zhao Y (2012b) Cellulose microfibril angle variation in Picea crassifolia tree rings improves climate signals on the Tibetan Plateau. Trees 26:1007-1016
    • (2012) Trees , vol.26 , pp. 1007-1016
    • Xu, J.1    Lu, J.2    Bao, F.3    Evans, R.4    Downes, G.5    Huang, R.6    Zhao, Y.7
  • 128
    • 0033983036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of tracheid dimensions on variations in maximum density of Picea glehnii and relationships to climatic factors
    • Yasue K, Funada R, Kobayashi O, Ohtani J (2000) The effects of tracheid dimensions on variations in maximum density of Picea glehnii and relationships to climatic factors. Trees 14:223-229
    • (2000) Trees , vol.14 , pp. 223-229
    • Yasue, K.1    Funada, R.2    Kobayashi, O.3    Ohtani, J.4
  • 129
    • 33745818282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstruction of early spring temperature for central Japan from the tree-ring widths of Hinoki cypress and its verification by other proxy records
    • doi:10.1029/2006GL026170
    • Yonenobu H, Eckstein D (2006) Reconstruction of early spring temperature for central Japan from the tree-ring widths of Hinoki cypress and its verification by other proxy records. Geophys Res Lett 33:L10701. doi:10.1029/2006GL026170
    • (2006) Geophys Res Lett , vol.33
    • Yonenobu, H.1    Eckstein, D.2
  • 130
    • 0000826547 scopus 로고
    • Internal moisture stress and wood formation in conifers
    • Zahner R (1963) Internal moisture stress and wood formation in conifers. For Prod J 13:240-247
    • (1963) For Prod J , vol.13 , pp. 240-247
    • Zahner, R.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.