Experimental investigation into the effect of gurney flaps on various airfoils

Journal of Aircraft

Volumn 50, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 1287-1294

  Cole, Julia A ^a,b   Vieira, Bernardo A O ^a,b   Coder, James G ^a,b   Premi, Amandeep ^a,b   Maughmer, Mark D ^a,b  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b 229 Hammond Building ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LIFT; LOCATION; WIND TUNNELS;

AERODYNAMIC EFFECT; AIRFOIL SHAPE; DIFFERENT HEIGHTS; EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS; GURNEY FLAPS; LIFT CURVES; MAXIMUM LIFT COEFFICIENT; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY;

AIRFOILS;

EID: 84883276036     PISSN: 00218669     EISSN: 15333868     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2514/1.C032203     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (34)

1. Liebeck, R. H., "Design of Subsonic Airfoils for High Lift," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 15, No. 9, 1978, pp. 547-561. doi:10.2514/3.58406
2. Kentfield, J. A. C., "The Potential of Gurney Flaps for Improving the Aerodynamic Performance of Helicopter Rotors," International Powered Lift Conference, AIAA Paper 1993-4883, Dec. 1993.
3. Kentfield, J. A. C., "A Simple, Approximate, Procedure for Predicting the Aerodynamic Performance of Turbine Blades Employing Gurney Flaps," Windpower '93, American Wind Energy Association, Washington, D.C., 1993, pp. 487-494.
4. Kroo, I. M., "Aerodynamic Concepts for Future Aircraft," 30th Fluid Dynamics Conference, AIAA Paper 1999-3524, June-July 1999.
5. Yen-Nakafuji, D. T., van Dam, C. P., Smith, R. L., and Collins, S. D., "Active Load Control for Airfoils Using Microtabs," Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, Vol. 123, No. 4, Nov. 2001, pp. 282-289. doi:10.1115/1.1410110
6. Liu, L., Padthe, A. K., and Friedmann, P. P., "Computational Study of Microflaps with Application to Vibration Reduction in Helicopter Rotors," AIAA Journal, Vol. 49, No. 7, 2011, pp. 1450-1465. doi:10.2514/1.J050829
7. Bieniawski, S., and Kroo, I. M., "Flutter Suppression Using Micro- Trailing Edge Effectors," 44th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, AIAA Paper 2003-1941, April 2003.
8. Maughmer, M., Lesieutre, G., and Kinzel, M. P., "Miniature Trailing- Edge Effectors for Rotorcraft Performance Enhancement," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol. 52, No. 2, April 2007, pp. 146-158. doi:10.4050/JAHS.52.146
9. Myose, R., Papadakis, M., and Heron, I., "Gurney Flap Experiments on Airfoils, Wings, and Reflection Plane Model," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 35, No. 2, 1998, pp. 206-211. doi:10.2514/2.2309
10. Jeffrey, D. R. M., Zhang, X., and Hurst, D. W., "Aerodynamics of Gurney Flaps on a Single-Element High-LiftWing," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 37, No. 2, 2000, pp. 295-301. doi:10.2514/2.2593
11. Giguère, P., Lemay, J., and Dumas, G., "Gurney Flap Effects and Scaling for Low-Speed Airfoils," 13th Applied Aerodynamics Conference, AIAA Paper 1995-1881, June 1995.
12. Maughmer, M. D., and Bramesfeld, G., "Experimental Investigation of Gurney Flaps," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 45, No. 6, 2008, pp. 2062-2067. doi:10.2514/1.37050
13. Baker, J. P., Standish, K. J., and van Dam, C. P., "Two-Dimensional Wind Tunnel and Computational Investigation of a Microtab Modified Airfoil," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 44, No. 2, 2007, pp. 563-572. doi:10.2514/1.24502
14. Li, Y., Wang, J., and Zhang, P., "Influences of Mounting Angles and Locations on the Effects of Gurney Flaps," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 40, No. 3, May-June 2003, pp. 494-498. doi:10.2514/2.3144
15. Neuhart, D. H., and Pendergraft, O. C., Jr., "Water Tunnel Study of Gurney Flaps," NASA, Rept. TM-4071, Nov. 1988.
16. Van Dam, C. P., Yen, D. T., and Vijgen, P. M. H. W., "Gurney Flap Experiments on Airfoils andWings," Journal of Aircraft,Vol. 36, No. 2, 1999, pp. 484-486. doi:10.2514/2.2461
17. Traub, L.W., Miller, A. C., and Rediniotis, O., "Preliminary Parametric Study of Gurney-Flap Dependencies," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 43, No. 4, July-Aug. 2006, pp. 1242-1244. doi:10.2514/1.13852
18. Brophy, C. M., "Turbulence Management and FlowQualification of The Pennsylvania State University Low Turbulence, Low Speed, Closed Circuit Wind Tunnel," M.S. Thesis, Dept. of Aerospace Engineering, Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA, 1993.
19. Medina, R., "Validation of The Pennsylvania State University Low- Speed, Low-TurbulenceWind Tunnel Using Measurements of the S805 Airfoil," M.S. Thesis, Dept. of Aerospace Engineering, Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA, 1994.
20. Premi, A., Maughmer, M. D., and Brophy, C., "Flow-Quality Measurements and Qualification of the Pennsylvania State University Low-Speed, Low-Turbulence Wind Tunnel," 50th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, AIAA Paper 2012-1214, Jan. 2012.
21. McGhee, R. J., Beasley,W. D., and Foster, J. M., "Recent Modifications and Calibration of the Langley Low-Turbulence Pressure Tunnel," NASA, Rept. TP-2328, 1984.
22. van Ingen, J. L., Boermans, L. M. M., and Blom, J. J. H., "Low-Speed Airfoil Section Research at Delft University of Technology," International Council of Aeronautical Sciences, Rept. ICAS-80-10.1, Munich, Oct. 1980.
23. Acree, C.W., Martin, P. B., and Romander, E. A., "Impact of Airfoils on Aerodynamic Optimization of Heavy Lift Rotorcraft," American Helicopter Society Vertical Lift Design Conference, San Francisco, American Helicopter Society International, Inc., Alexandria, VA, Jan. 2006.
24. Maughmer, M. D., and Somers, D. M., "Low-Speed, Experimental Results for Two, Heavy Lift Tiltrotor Airfoils," Airfoils, Inc., Port Matilda, PA, Oct. 2007.
25. Somers, D. M., and Maughmer, M. D., "Design and Experimental Results for the S408 Airfoil," Airfoils, Inc., Port Matilda, PA, Feb. 2010.
26. Somers, D. M., and Maughmer, M. D., "Design and Experimental Results for the S415 Airfoil," U.S. Army, Rept. TR-10-D-114, 2010.
27. Maughmer, M. D., and Somers, D. M., "Low-Speed, Experimental Results for a Tiltrotor Airfoil," Airfoils, Inc., Port Matilda, PA, Nov. 2007.
28. Prankhurst, R. C., and Holder, D.W., Wind-Tunnel Technique, Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, London, 1965, pp. 274-283.
29. Allen, H. J., and Vincenti, W. G., "Wall Interference in a Two- Dimensional-Flow Wind Tunnel, with Consideration of the Effect of Compressibility," NACA, Rept. 782, 1944.
30. "Assessment of Experimental Uncertainty with Application to Wind Tunnel Testing," AIAA, Rept. S-071A-1999, Rev. A, AIAA, Reston, VA, 1999.
31. Drela, M., and Youngren, H., XFOIL 6.94 User Guide, Massachusetts Inst. of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2001.
32. Nichols, R., and Buning, P., "User's Manual for OVERFLOW 2.1", Ver. 2.1t, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, Aug. 2008.
33. Coder, J. G., Maughmer, M. D., and Martin, P. B., "CFD Investigation of Unsteady Rotorcraft Airfoil Aerodynamics: MiTEs and Dynamic Stall," 49th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, AIAA Paper 2011-1125, Jan. 2011.
34. Storms, B. L., and Jang, C. S., ''Lift Enhancement of an Airfoil Using a Gurney Flap andVortex Generators," Journal of Aircraft,Vol. 31, No. 3, 1994, pp. 542-547. doi:10.2514/3.46528