Reanalysing glacier mass balance measurement series

Cryosphere

Volumn 7, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 1227-1245

  Zemp, M ^a   Thibert, E ^b   Huss, M ^c   Stumm, D ^d   Rolstad Denby, C ^e   Nuth, C ^f   Nussbaumer, S U ^a   Moholdt, G ^g   Mercer, A ^h   Mayer, C ⁱ   Joerg, P C ^a   Jansson, P ^h   Hynek, B ^j   Fischer, A ^k   Escher Vetter, H ⁱ   Elvehoy H ^l   Andreassen, L M ^l  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^b Cemagref   (France)

^c UNIVERSITY OF FRIBOURG   (Switzerland)

^d INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR INTEGRATED MOUNTAIN DEVELOPMENT   (Nepal)

^e NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES   (Norway)

^f UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^g UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^h STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

ⁱ BAVARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES   (Germany)

^j ZAMG Zentralanstalt fuer Meteorologie und Geodynamik   (Austria)

^k ERICH SCHMID INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS SCIENCE   (Austria)

^l NORWEGIAN WATER RESOURCES AND ENERGY DIRECTORATE   (Norway)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALIBRATION; CLIMATE CHANGE; CRYOSPHERE; DATA QUALITY; DATA SET; GEODETIC DATUM; GLACIER MASS BALANCE; GLACIOLOGY; MONITORING SYSTEM; RECONSTRUCTION; RUNOFF; SEA LEVEL CHANGE;

EID: 84883080524     PISSN: 19940416     EISSN: 19940424     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/tc-7-1227-2013     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Aguilar, E., Auer, I., Brunet, M., Peterson, T. C., and Wieringa, J.: Guidelines on climate metadata and homogenization, World Climate Programme Data and Monitoring, 53, 50 pp., 2003.
2. Albrecht, O., Jansson, P., and Blatter, H.: Modelling glacier response to measured mass-balance forcing, Ann. Glaciol., 31, 91- 96, 2000. (Pubitemid 32113934)
3. Alexander, D., Shulmeister, J., and Davies, T.: High basal melting rates within high-precipitation temperate glaciers, J. Glaciol., 57, 789-795, 2011.
4. Andreassen, L. M., Kjøllmoen, B., Rasmussen, A., Melvold, K., and Nordli, Ø.: Langfjordjøkelen, a rapidly shrinking glacier in northern Norway, J. Glaciol., 58, 581-593, 2012.
5. Arendt, A. A., Echelmeyer, K. A., Harrison, W. D., Lingle, C. S., and Valentine, V. B.: Rapid wastage of Alaska glaciers and their contribution to rising sea level, Science, 297, 382-6, 2002. (Pubitemid 34790764)
6. Begert, M., Schlegel, T., and Kirchhofer,W.: Homogeneous temperature and precipitation series of Switzerland from 1864 to 2000, Int. J. Climatol., 25, 65-80, 2005. (Pubitemid 40233959)
7. Berthier, E., Arnaud, Y., Kumar, R., Ahmad, S., Wagnon, P., and Chevallier, P.: Remote sensing estimates of glacier mass balances in the Himachal Pradesh (Western Himalaya, India), Remote Sens. Environ., 108, 327-338, 2007. (Pubitemid 46669604)
8. Berthier, E., Schiefer, E., Clarke, G. K. C., Menounos, B., and Remy, F.: Contribution of Alaskan glaciers to sea-level rise derived from satellite imagery, Nat. Geosci., 3, 92-95, 2010.
9. Cogley, J.: Geodetic and direct mass-balance measurements: comparison and joint analysis, Ann. Glaciol., 50, 96-100, 2009.
10. Cogley, J. G. and Adams,W. P.: Mass balance of glaciers other than the ice sheets, J. Glaciol., 44, 315-325, 1998. (Pubitemid 29121378)
11. Cogley, J. G., Hock, R., Rasmussen, L. A., Arendt, A. A., Bauder, A., Braithwaite, R. J., Jansson, P., Kaser, G., Moller, M., Nicholson, L., and Zemp, M.: Glossary of Glacier Mass Balance and Related Terms, IHP-VII Technical Documents in Hydrology No. 86, IACS Contribution No. 2, Paris, UNESCO-IHP, 114 pp., 2011.
12. Cox, L. H. and March, R. S.: Comparison of geodetic and glaciological mass-balance techniques, Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, USA, J. Glaciol., 50, 363-370, 2004. (Pubitemid 40801355)
13. Cuffey, K. and Paterson,W. S. B.: The physics of glaciers, 5th Edn., Massachusetts Academic Press, Burlington, 704 pp., 2010.
14. Eckert, N., Thibert, E., and Vincent, C.: Extracting the temporal signal from a winter and summer mass-balance series: application to a six-decade record at Glacier de Sarennes, French Alps, J. Glaciol., 57, 134-150, 2011.
15. Elsberg, D. H., Harrison, W. D., Echelmeyer, K. A., and Krimmel, R. M.: Quantifying the effects of climate and surface change on glacier mass balance, J. Glaciol., 47, 649-658, 2001. (Pubitemid 34495070)
16. Elvehøy, H., Jackson, M., and Andreassen, L. M.: The influence of drainage boundaries on specific mass-balance results: a case study of Engabreen, Norway, Ann. Glaciol., 50, 135-140, 2009.
17. Escher-Vetter, H., Kuhn, M., and Weber, M.: Four decades of winter mass balance of Vernagtferner and Hintereisferner, Austria: methodology and results, Ann. Glaciol., 50, 87-95, 2009.
18. Etzelmuller, B.: On the quantification of surface changes using gridbased Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), Transactions in GIS, 4, 129-143, 2000. (Pubitemid 30242160)
19. Finsterwalder, R. and Rentsch, H.: Zur Hohenanderung von Ostalpengletschern im Zeitraum 1969-1979, Z. Gletscherkd. Glazialgeol., 16, 111-115, 1981.
20. Fischer, A.: Glaciers and climate change: Interpretation of 50 years of direct mass balance of Hintereisferner, Global Planet. Change, 71, 13-26, 2010.
21. Fischer, A.: Comparison of direct and geodetic mass balances on a multi-annual time scale, The Cryosphere, 5, 107-124, doi:10.5194/tc-5-107-2011, 2011.
22. Fischer, A. and Markl, G.: Mass balance measurements on Hintereisferner, Kesselwandferner and Jamtalferner 2003 to 2006: database and results, Z. Gletscherkd. Glazialgeol., 42, 47-83, 2009.
23. Fountain, A. G. and Vecchia, A.: How many stakes are required to measure the mass balance of a glacier?, Geogr. Ann. A, 81, 563- 573, 1999.
24. Funk, M., Morelli, R., and Stahel, W.: Mass balance of Griesgletscher 1961-1994: Different methods of determination, Z. Gletscherkd. Glazialgeol., 33, 41-56, 1997.
25. GAA: Special issue on Methods of Mass Balance Measurements and Modelling, Geogr. Ann. A, 81, 461-796, 1999.
26. Geist, T., Elvehøy, H., Jackson M., and Stotter J.: Investigations on intra-annual elevation changes using multitemporal airborne laser scanning data - case study Engabreen, Norway, Ann. Glaciol., 42, 195-201, 2005. (Pubitemid 44322205)
27. Gerbaux, M., Genthon, C., Etchevers, P., Vincent, C., and Dedieu, J. P.: Surface mass balance of glaciers in the French Alps: distributed modeling and sensitivity to climate change, J. Glaciol., 51, 561-572, 2005. (Pubitemid 43329196)
28. Haeberli,W.: Historical evolution and operational aspects of worldwide glacier monitoring, in: Into the second century of worldwide glacier monitoring: Prospects and strategies, edited by: Haeberli, W., Hoelzle, M., and Suter, S., UNESCO-IHP, Paris, France, 35-51, 1998.
29. Hagen, J. O., Eiken, T., Kohler, J., and Melvold, K.: Geometry changes on Svalbard glaciers: mass-balance or dynamic response?, Ann. Glaciol., 42, 255-261, 2005. (Pubitemid 44322214)
30. Haug, T., Rolstad, C., Elvehøy, H., Jackson, M., and Maalen- Johansen, I.: Geodetic mass balance of the western Svartisen ice cap, Norway, in the periods 1968-1985 and 1985-2002, Ann. Glaciol., 50, 119-125, 2009.
31. Hoinkes, H. C.: Methoden und Moglichkeiten von Massenhaushaltsstudien auf Gletschern: Ergebnisse der Messreihe Hintereisferner (Otztaler Alpen) 1953-1968, Z. Gletscherkd. Glazialgeol., 6, 37-90, 1970.
32. Holmlund, P.: Maps of Storglaciaren and their use in glacier monitoring studies, Geogr. Ann. A, 78, 193-196, 1996.
33. Holmlund, P., Jansson, P., and Pettersson, R.: A re-analysis of the 58 year mass-balance record of Storglaciaren, Sweden, Ann. Glaciol., 42, 389-394, 2005. (Pubitemid 44322230)
34. Hock, R. and Jensen, H.: Application of kriging interpolation for glacier mass balance computations, Geogr. Ann. A, 81, 611-619, 1999. (Pubitemid 30160116)
35. Huss, M.: Density assumptions for converting geodetic glacier volume change to mass change, The Cryosphere, 7, 877-887, doi:10.5194/tc-7-877-2013, 2013.
36. Huss, M., Bauder, A., and Funk, M.: Homogenization of long-term mass-balance time series, Ann. Glaciol., 50, 198-206, 2009.
37. Huss, M., Hock, R., Bauder, A., and Funk, M.: Conventional versus reference-surface mass balance, J. Glaciol., 58, 278-286, 2012.
38. Hynek, B., Unger, R., Schoner, W., Binder, D., and Weyss, G.: Comparison of direct and geodetic mass balances of three small glaciers in the Eastern Alps, Geophys. Res. Abstr., 14, EGU2012-9025, 2012.
39. IGS: Thematic issue on Mass Balance Measurements and Modelling, Ann. Glaciol., 50, 220 pp., 2009.
40. Jansson, P.: Effect of uncertainties in measured variables on the calculated mass balance of Storglaciaren, Geogr. Ann. A, 81, 633- 642, 1999. (Pubitemid 30160118)
41. Joerg, P. C., Morsdorf, F., and Zemp, M.: Uncertainty assessment of multi-temporal airborne laser scanning data: A case study on an Alpine glacier, Remote Sens. Environ., 127, 118-129, 2012.
42. Josberg, E. G., Bidlake, W. R., March, R. S., and Kennedy, B. W.: Glacier mass-balance fluctuations in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, USA, Ann. Glaciol., 46, 291-296, 2007.
43. Kaab, A., Berthier, E., Nuth, C., Gardelle, J., and Arnaud, Y.: Contrasting patterns of early twenty-first century glacier mass change in the Himalayas, Nature, 488, 495-498, 2012.
44. Kalnay, E., Kanamitsu, M., Kistler, R., Collins, W., Deaven, D., Gandin, L., Iredell, M., Saha, S., White, G., Woollen, J., Zhu, Y., Chelliah, M., Ebisuzaki, W., Higgins, W., Janowiak, J., Mo, K. C., Ropelewski, C., Wang, J., Leetmaa, A., Reynolds, R., Jenne, R., and Dennis, J.: The NCEP/NCAR 40-year Reanalysis Project, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 77, 437-471, 1996.
45. Kaser, G., Fountain, A. G., and Jansson, P.: A manual for monitoring the mass balance of mountain glaciers with particular attention to low latitude characteristics. A contribution to the UNESCO HKH-Friend programme, Paris, France, 107 pp., 2003.
46. Kaser, G., Cogley, J., Dyurgerov, M., Meier, M., and Ohmura, A.: Mass balance of glaciers and ice caps: consensus estimates for 1961-2004, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L19501, doi:10.1029/2006GL027511, 2006. (Pubitemid 46535067)
47. Kjøllmoen, B., Andreassen, L. M., Elvehøy, H., Jackson, M., and Giesen, R. H.: Glaciological investigations in Norway in 2010, NVE Report, 2011-3, 89 pp., 2011.
48. Koblet, T., Gartner-Roer, I., Zemp, M., Jansson, P., Thee, P., Haeberli, W., and Holmlund, P.: Reanalysis of multi-temporal aerial images of Storglaciaren, Sweden (1959-99) - Part 1: Determination of length, area, and volume changes, The Cryosphere, 4, 333-343, doi:10.5194/tc-4-333-2010, 2010.
49. Lang, H. and Patzelt, G.: Die Volumenanderungen des Hintereisferners (Otztaler Alpen) im Vergleich zur Massenanderung im Zeitraum 1953-64, Z. Gletscherkd. Glazialgeol., 7, 229-238, 1971.
50. Lliboutry, L.: Multivariate statistical analysis of glacier annual balances. J. Glaciol., 13, 371-392, 1974.
51. Magnusson, E., Bjornsson, H., Dall, J., and Palsson, F.: Volume changes of Vatnajokull Ice Cap, Iceland, due to surface mass balance, ice flow, and subglacial melting at geothermal areas, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L05504, doi:10.1029/2004GL021615, 2005. (Pubitemid 40815095)
52. March, R. S. and Trabant, D. C.: Mass balance, meteorological, ice motion, surface altitude, and runoff data at Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, 1993 balance year, USGS Water-Resources Investigations Report, 96-4299, 30 pp., 1997.
53. Meier, M. F., Tangborn, W. V., Mayo, L. R., and Post, A.: Combined ice and water balances of Gulkana andWolverine Glaciers, Alaska, and South Cascade Glacier, Washington, 1965 and 1966 hydrologic years, USGS Prof. Pap. 715-A, 23 pp., 1971.
54. Miller, M. and Pelto, M.: Mass balance measurements on the Lemon Creek Glacier, Juneau Icefield, Alaska 1953-1998, Geogr. Ann. A, 81, 671-681, 1999. (Pubitemid 30160122)
55. Moholdt, G., Nuth, C., Hagen, J., and Kohler, J.: Recent elevation changes of Svalbard glaciers derived from ICESat laser altimetry, Remote Sens. Environ., 114, 2756-2767, 2010.
56. Moser, H., Escher-Vetter, H., Oerter, H., Reinwarth, and Zunke, O. D.: Abfluß in und von Gletschern. GSF-Bericht 41/86, Teil I und II, GSF Gesellschaft fur Strahlen- und Umweltforschung, Munchen, 408 pp. and 147 pp., 1986.
57. Nussbaumer, S. U., Zemp, M., and Jansson, P.: Summary report on the "Workshop on Measurement and Uncertainty Assessment of Glacier Mass Balance", 9-11 July 2012, Tarfala, Sweden, World Glacier Monitoring Service, Zurich, Switzerland, 11 pp., 2012.
58. Nuth, C. and Kaab, A.: Co-registration and bias corrections of satellite elevation data sets for quantifying glacier thickness change, The Cryosphere, 5, 271-290, doi:10.5194/tc-5-271-2011, 2011.
59. Nuth, C., Schuler, T. V., Kohler, J., Altena, B., and Hagen, J. O.: Estimating the long-term calving flux of Kronebreen, Svalbard, from geodetic elevation changes and mass-balance modelling, J. Glaciol., 58, 119-133, 2012.
60. Østrem, G. and Brugman, M.: Glacier mass-balance measurements: A manual for field and office work, NHRI Science Report, Saskatoon, Canada, 224 pp., 1991.
61. Østrem, G. and Haakensen, N.: Map comparison or traditional mass-balance measurements: which method is better?, Geogr. Ann. A, 81, 703-711, 1999. (Pubitemid 30160125)
62. Paul, F.: Calculation of glacier elevation changes with SRTM: Is there an elevation dependent bias?, J. Glaciol., 55, 945-946, 2008.
63. Paul, F.: The influence of changes in glacier extent and surface elevation on modeled mass balance, The Cryosphere, 4, 569-581, doi:10.5194/tc-4-569-2010, 2010.
64. Pelto, M. S.: The impact of sampling density on glacier mass balance determination, Hydrol. Proc., 14, 3215-3225, 2000. (Pubitemid 32180606)
65. Reijmer, C. and Hock, R.: Internal accumulation on Storglaciaren, Sweden, in a multilayer snow model coupled to a distributed energy- and mass-balance model, J. Glaciol., 54, 61-72, 2008.
66. Reinwarth, O. and Escher-Vetter, H.: Mass balance of Vernagtferner, Austria, from 1964/65 to 1996/97: Results for three sections and the entire glacier, Geogr. Ann. A, 81, 743-751, 1999. (Pubitemid 30160129)
67. Reinwarth, O. and Rentsch, H.: Volume and mass balance of Vernagtferner / Oetztal Alps, Z. Gletscherkd. Glazialgeol., 30, 99- 107, 1994.
68. Rolstad, C., Haug, T., and Denby, B.: Spatially integrated geodetic glacier mass balance and its uncertainty based on geostatistical analysis: application to the western Svartisen ice cap, Norway, J. Glaciol., 55, 666-680, 2009.
69. Rykiel Jr., E. J.: Testing ecological models: the meaning of validation, Ecol. Model., 90, 229-244, 1996. (Pubitemid 26351149)
70. Sapiano, J., Harrison, W., and Echelmeyer, K.: Elevation, volume and terminus changes of nine glaciers in North America, J. Glaciol., 44, 119-135, 1998. (Pubitemid 28497199)
71. Schiefer, E., Menounos, B., and Wheate, R.: Recent volume loss of British Columbian glaciers, Canada, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L16503, doi:10.1029/2007GL030780, 2007. (Pubitemid 350065335)
72. Schneider, T. and Jansson, P.: Internal accumulation within firn and its significance for the mass balance of Storglaciaren, Sweden, J. Glaciol., 50, 25-34, 2004. (Pubitemid 40067986)
73. Schytt, V.: Re-freezing melt-water on the surface glacier ice, Geogr. Ann. A, 31, 222-227, 1949.
74. Thibert, E. and Vincent, C.: Best possible estimation of mass balance combining glaciological and geodetic methods, Ann. Glaciol, 50, 112-118, 2009.
75. Thibert, E., Blanc, R., Vincent, C., and Eckert, N.: Glaciological and volumetric mass-balance measurements: error analysis over 51 years for Glacier de Sarennes, French Alps, J. Glaciol., 54, 522-532, 2008.
76. Trabant, D. C. and Benson, C. S.: Influence of internal accumulation and superimposed ice formation on mass balance of Mc- Call Glacier in Alaska, Data of Glaciological Studies, 58, 40-49, 1986.
77. Trabant, D. C. and Mayo, L. R.: Estimation and effects of internal accumulation on five glaciers in Alaska, Ann. Glaciol., 6, 113- 117, 1985.
78. Vallon, M.: Errors in the determination of ablation using stakes, J. Glaciol., 7, 132-133, 1968.
79. Vallon, M. and Leiva, J.C.: Bilans de masse et fluctuations recentes du Glacier de Saint-Sorlin (Alpes Françaises), Z. Gletscherkd. Glazialgeol., 17, 143-167, 1981.
80. Van Beusekom, A. E., O'Neel, S. R., March, R. S., Sass, L. C., and Cox, L. H.: Re-analysis of Alaskan benchmark glacier massbalance data using the index method, US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report, 5247, 16 pp., 2010.
81. Weber, M., Braun, L., Mauser, W., and Prasch, M.: Contribution of rain, snow- and icemelt in the upper Danube discharge today and in the future, Bulletino del Comitato Glaciologico Italiano, Ser. 3, Geogr. Fis. Din. Quat., 33, 221-230, 2010.
82. WGMS: Fluctuations of Glaciers 2005-2010, Volume X, edited by: Zemp, M., Frey, H., Gartner-Roer, I., Nussbaumer, S. U., Hoelzle, M., Paul, F., and Haeberli, W.: ICSU(WDS)/IUGG(IACS)/UNEP/UNESCO/WMO, World Glacier Monitoring Service, Zurich, Switzerland, 336 pp., publication based on database version: doi:10.5904/wgms-fog- 2012-11, 2012.
83. Wright, A. P., Wadham, J. L., Siegert, M. J., Luckman, A., Kohler, J., and Nuttall, A. M.: Modeling the refreezing of meltwater as superimposed ice on a high Arctic glacier: A comparison of approaches, J. Geophys. Res., 112, F04016, doi:10.1029/2007JF000818, 2007.
84. Zemp, M., Hoelzle, M., and Haeberli, W.: Six decades of glacier mass-balance observations: a review of the worldwide monitoring network, Ann. Glaciol., 50, 101-111, 2009.
85. Zemp, M., Jansson, P., Holmlund, P., Gartner-Roer, I., Koblet, T., Thee, P., and Haeberli, W.: Reanalysis of multi-temporal aerial images of Storglaciaren, Sweden (1959-99) - Part 2: Comparison of glaciological and volumetric mass balances, The Cryosphere, 4, 345-357, doi:10.5194/tc-4-345-2010, 2010.