메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 435-582

Oil Spill Dispersants: A Technical Summary

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84882923200     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-1-85617-943-0.10015-2     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (40)

References (322)
  • 1
    • 77955235120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee on Understanding Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects (National Research Council of the National Academies) (NAS). National Academies Press, Washington, DC
    • Committee on Understanding Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects (National Research Council of the National Academies) (NAS) Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects 2006, National Academies Press, Washington, DC.
    • (2006) Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects
  • 5
    • 70449636180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of Literature Related to Oil Spill Dispersants
    • Fingas M.F., Banta J. Review of Literature Related to Oil Spill Dispersants. AMOP 2009, 869.
    • (2009) AMOP , vol.869
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Banta, J.2
  • 6
    • 70449659546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Louisiana OSRDP-Oil Spill Research and Development Program, Baton Rouge, LA
    • Lumcon Dispersants Bibliography 2008, Louisiana OSRDP-Oil Spill Research and Development Program, Baton Rouge, LA. http://www.osradp.lsu.edu/deliverables/2003/index.html.
    • (2008) Dispersants Bibliography
    • Lumcon1
  • 7
    • 84882890266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring the Effectiveness and Effects of Dispersant Operations
    • Prince William Sound Oil Spill Recovery Institute (OSRI), Cordova, AK
    • Trudel K. Monitoring the Effectiveness and Effects of Dispersant Operations. Dispersant Application in Alaska: A Technical Update 1998, 263. Prince William Sound Oil Spill Recovery Institute (OSRI), Cordova, AK.
    • (1998) Dispersant Application in Alaska: A Technical Update , vol.263
    • Trudel, K.1
  • 8
    • 1542354999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of Surfactants for Environmental Applications, Chapter 12
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, L.L. Schramm (Ed.)
    • Fingas M.F. Use of Surfactants for Environmental Applications, Chapter 12. Surfactants: Fundamentals and Applications to the Petroleum Industry 2000, vol. 461. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. L.L. Schramm (Ed.).
    • (2000) Surfactants: Fundamentals and Applications to the Petroleum Industry , vol.461
    • Fingas, M.F.1
  • 9
    • 84882872116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment Canada Standard List of Approved Treating Agents. Ottowa, ON: Environment Canada; 2009.
    • Environment Canada Standard List of Approved Treating Agents. Ottowa, ON: Environment Canada; 2009.
  • 10
    • 18244363434 scopus 로고
    • The American Petroleum Institute, API Report No. 4150, Washington, DC
    • Oil Spill Treating Agents: A Compendium 1972, The American Petroleum Institute, API Report No. 4150, Washington, DC.
    • (1972) Oil Spill Treating Agents: A Compendium
  • 11
    • 84988829504 scopus 로고
    • Statistical Experimental Design in the Optimization of Dispersant's Performance
    • Brandvik P.J., Daling P.S. Statistical Experimental Design in the Optimization of Dispersant's Performance. AMOP 1990, 243.
    • (1990) AMOP , vol.243
    • Brandvik, P.J.1    Daling, P.S.2
  • 12
    • 0003731213 scopus 로고
    • Marine Board, National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, DC
    • Using Oil Spill Dispersants on the Sea 1989, Marine Board, National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
    • (1989) Using Oil Spill Dispersants on the Sea
  • 13
    • 84882815358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Intellectual Property Organization, Chemical Dispersant for Oil Spills, patent applied for by Exxon, 1993.
    • World Intellectual Property Organization, Chemical Dispersant for Oil Spills, patent applied for by Exxon, 1993.
  • 14
    • 84882846339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exxon Research Engineering, U.S. Patent 5,618,468, Chemical Dispersant for Oil Spills, April 8, 1997.
    • Exxon Research Engineering, U.S. Patent 5,618,468, Chemical Dispersant for Oil Spills, April 8, 1997.
  • 19
    • 0034518697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emulsions-Creaming Phenomena
    • Robins M.M. Emulsions-Creaming Phenomena. Curr Opin Colloid In 2000, 265-272.
    • (2000) Curr Opin Colloid In , pp. 265-272
    • Robins, M.M.1
  • 20
    • 0035869819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Creaming Study of Weakly Flocculated and Depletion Flocculated Oil-in-Water Emulsions
    • Shields M., Ellis R., Saunders B.R. A Creaming Study of Weakly Flocculated and Depletion Flocculated Oil-in-Water Emulsions. Colloid Surf A 2001, 265.
    • (2001) Colloid Surf A , vol.265
    • Shields, M.1    Ellis, R.2    Saunders, B.R.3
  • 25
    • 33750262201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oil Spill Dispersion Stability and Oil Resurfacing
    • Fingas M.F., Ka'aihue L. Oil Spill Dispersion Stability and Oil Resurfacing. AMOP 2006, 729.
    • (2006) AMOP , vol.729
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Ka'aihue, L.2
  • 26
    • 17844405086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodic Marangoni Instability in Surfactant (CTAB) Liquid/Liquid Mass Transfer
    • Lavabre D., Pradines V., Micheau J.-C., Pimiente V. Periodic Marangoni Instability in Surfactant (CTAB) Liquid/Liquid Mass Transfer. J Phys Chem 2005, 7582-7586.
    • (2005) J Phys Chem , pp. 7582-7586
    • Lavabre, D.1    Pradines, V.2    Micheau, J.-C.3    Pimiente, V.4
  • 27
    • 26844436096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Surfactants on the Deformation of Drops and Bubbles in Navier-Stokes Flow
    • Lee J., Pozrikidis C. Effect of Surfactants on the Deformation of Drops and Bubbles in Navier-Stokes Flow. Comput Fluids 2006, 43.
    • (2006) Comput Fluids , vol.43
    • Lee, J.1    Pozrikidis, C.2
  • 31
    • 33646056985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA) of Dispersed Oil on Nearshore Tropical Ecosystems Derived from the 20 Year "Tropic" Field Study
    • Baca B., Ward G.A., Lane C.H., Schuler P.A. Net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA) of Dispersed Oil on Nearshore Tropical Ecosystems Derived from the 20 Year "Tropic" Field Study. IOSC 2005, 453.
    • (2005) IOSC , vol.453
    • Baca, B.1    Ward, G.A.2    Lane, C.H.3    Schuler, P.A.4
  • 32
    • 70449670998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council (PWSRCAC), Anchorage, AK
    • Fingas M.F. A White Paper on Oil Dispersant Testing in Large Tanks 2002, Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council (PWSRCAC), Anchorage, AK. http://www.pwsrcac.org/projects/EnvMonitor/dispers.html.
    • (2002) A White Paper on Oil Dispersant Testing in Large Tanks
    • Fingas, M.F.1
  • 33
    • 11244337591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Field Testing: A Review of Procedures and Consideration
    • Fingas M.F., Ka'aihue L. Dispersant Field Testing: A Review of Procedures and Consideration. AMOP 2004, 1017.
    • (2004) AMOP , vol.1017
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Ka'aihue, L.2
  • 34
    • 11244342805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council (PWSRCAC), Anchorage, AK
    • Fingas M.F. A White Paper on Oil Dispersant Field Testing 2002, Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council (PWSRCAC), Anchorage, AK. http://www.pwsrcac.org/projects/EnvMonitor/dispers.html.
    • (2002) A White Paper on Oil Dispersant Field Testing
    • Fingas, M.F.1
  • 35
    • 2642644881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OSIR. Cutter Information Corporation, Arlington, MA, October 16
    • OSIR Oil Spill Intelligence Report October 16, 1997, Cutter Information Corporation, Arlington, MA.
    • (1997) Oil Spill Intelligence Report
  • 36
    • 84882914341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Norwegian Sea Trial-1995: Offshore Testing of Two Dispersant Application Systems and Simulation of an Undersea Pipeline Leakage: A Summary Paper
    • Brandvik P.J., Strom-Kristiansen T., Lewis A., Daling P.S., Reed M., Rye H., et al. The Norwegian Sea Trial-1995: Offshore Testing of Two Dispersant Application Systems and Simulation of an Undersea Pipeline Leakage: A Summary Paper. AMOP 1996, 1395.
    • (1996) AMOP , vol.1395
    • Brandvik, P.J.1    Strom-Kristiansen, T.2    Lewis, A.3    Daling, P.S.4    Reed, M.5    Rye, H.6
  • 37
    • 84882859276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Effectiveness in the Field on Fresh Oils and Emulsions
    • Lunel T., Davies L. Dispersant Effectiveness in the Field on Fresh Oils and Emulsions. AMOP 1996, 1355.
    • (1996) AMOP , vol.1355
    • Lunel, T.1    Davies, L.2
  • 38
    • 84897382286 scopus 로고
    • The Behaviour of Sture Blend Crude Oil Spilled at Sea and Treated with a Dispersant
    • Lewis A., Daling P.S., Strom-Kistiansen T., Brandvik P.J. The Behaviour of Sture Blend Crude Oil Spilled at Sea and Treated with a Dispersant. AMOP 1995, 453.
    • (1995) AMOP , vol.453
    • Lewis, A.1    Daling, P.S.2    Strom-Kistiansen, T.3    Brandvik, P.J.4
  • 39
    • 3543047279 scopus 로고
    • Field Trials to Determine Quantitative Estimates of Dispersant Efficiency at Sea
    • Lunel T. Field Trials to Determine Quantitative Estimates of Dispersant Efficiency at Sea. AMOP 1994, 1015.
    • (1994) AMOP , vol.1015
    • Lunel, T.1
  • 40
    • 85111928512 scopus 로고
    • Dispersion of a Large Experimental Slick by Aerial Application of a Dispersant
    • Lunel T. Dispersion of a Large Experimental Slick by Aerial Application of a Dispersant. AMOP 1994, 952.
    • (1994) AMOP , vol.952
    • Lunel, T.1
  • 41
    • 33646041877 scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Effectiveness at Sea
    • Lunel T. Dispersant Effectiveness at Sea. IOSC 1995, 147.
    • (1995) IOSC , vol.147
    • Lunel, T.1
  • 42
    • 84882810917 scopus 로고
    • Field Trials to Determine Dispersant Effectiveness at Sea
    • Lunel T., Davies L., Brandvik P.J. Field Trials to Determine Dispersant Effectiveness at Sea. AMOP 1995, 603.
    • (1995) AMOP , vol.603
    • Lunel, T.1    Davies, L.2    Brandvik, P.J.3
  • 43
    • 22944451751 scopus 로고
    • Oil Concentrations Below a Demulsifier-Treated Slick
    • Lunel T., Lewis A. Oil Concentrations Below a Demulsifier-Treated Slick. AMOP 1993, 955.
    • (1993) AMOP , vol.955
    • Lunel, T.1    Lewis, A.2
  • 47
    • 84882844080 scopus 로고
    • Protecmar: The French Experience from a Seven-Year Dispersant Offshore Trials Program
    • Bocard C., Castaing G., Dureux J., Gatellier C., Croquette J., Merlin F. Protecmar: The French Experience from a Seven-Year Dispersant Offshore Trials Program. IOSC 1987, 225.
    • (1987) IOSC , vol.225
    • Bocard, C.1    Castaing, G.2    Dureux, J.3    Gatellier, C.4    Croquette, J.5    Merlin, F.6
  • 48
    • 33646074785 scopus 로고
    • Aerial Application of Dispersants-Comparison of Slick Behaviour of Chemically Treated Versus Non-Treated Slicks
    • Lichtenthaler R.G., Daling P.S. Aerial Application of Dispersants-Comparison of Slick Behaviour of Chemically Treated Versus Non-Treated Slicks. IOSC 1985, 471.
    • (1985) IOSC , vol.471
    • Lichtenthaler, R.G.1    Daling, P.S.2
  • 49
    • 0021935245 scopus 로고
    • Dispersants: Comparison of Laboratory Tests and Field Trials with Practical Experience at Spills
    • Nichols J.A., Parker H.D. Dispersants: Comparison of Laboratory Tests and Field Trials with Practical Experience at Spills. IOSC 1985, 421.
    • (1985) IOSC , vol.421
    • Nichols, J.A.1    Parker, H.D.2
  • 50
    • 84882843701 scopus 로고
    • Planning, Development and Execution of the 1983 East Coast Dispersant Trails
    • Swiss J.J., Gill S.D. Planning, Development and Execution of the 1983 East Coast Dispersant Trails. AMOP 1984, 443.
    • (1984) AMOP , vol.443
    • Swiss, J.J.1    Gill, S.D.2
  • 51
    • 0021899648 scopus 로고
    • Halifax, '83 Sea Trial of Oil Spill Dispersant Concentrates
    • Gill S.D., Goodman R.H., Swiss J.J. Halifax, '83 Sea Trial of Oil Spill Dispersant Concentrates. IOSC 1985, 479.
    • (1985) IOSC , vol.479
    • Gill, S.D.1    Goodman, R.H.2    Swiss, J.J.3
  • 53
  • 55
    • 0020871420 scopus 로고
    • Dispersion of Chemically Treated Crude Oil in Norwegian Offshore Water, in Oil Pollution Control: Research and Development Program
    • PFO Projects No. 1406 and 1470, ISBN 82-7224-198-6, Trondheim, Norway
    • Lichtenthaler RG, Daling PS: Dispersion of Chemically Treated Crude Oil in Norwegian Offshore Water, in Oil Pollution Control: Research and Development Program, PFO Projects No. 1406 and 1470, ISBN 82-7224-198-6, Trondheim, Norway; 1983.
    • (1983)
    • Lichtenthaler, R.G.1    Daling, P.S.2
  • 56
    • 0042528466 scopus 로고
    • 1981 Dispersant Application Field Trial, St. John's Newfoundland
    • Gill S.D., Ross C.W. 1981 Dispersant Application Field Trial, St. John's Newfoundland. AMOP 1982, 255.
    • (1982) AMOP , vol.255
    • Gill, S.D.1    Ross, C.W.2
  • 57
    • 84882818923 scopus 로고
    • Report IFP 30482, Institut Français du Petrole, France
    • Bocard C., Gatellier C. Protecmar III 1982, Report IFP 30482, Institut Français du Petrole, France.
    • (1982) Protecmar III
    • Bocard, C.1    Gatellier, C.2
  • 59
    • 0012125094 scopus 로고
    • Fate of Chemically Dispersed Oil in the Sea: A Report on Two Field Experiments
    • Report No. EPS 4-EC-82-5. Ottowa, ON: Environment Canada
    • Greene DR, Buckley J, Humphrey B: Fate of Chemically Dispersed Oil in the Sea: A Report on Two Field Experiments: Report No. EPS 4-EC-82-5. Ottowa, ON: Environment Canada; 1982.
    • (1982)
    • Greene, D.R.1    Buckley, J.2    Humphrey, B.3
  • 60
    • 84882860655 scopus 로고
    • API/SC-PCO Southern California 1978 Oil Spill Test Program
    • Smith D.D., Holliday G.H. API/SC-PCO Southern California 1978 Oil Spill Test Program. IOSC 1979, 475.
    • (1979) IOSC , vol.475
    • Smith, D.D.1    Holliday, G.H.2
  • 62
    • 0017415078 scopus 로고
    • The Concentration of Oil in Seawater Resulting from Natural and Chemically Induced Dispersion of Oil Slicks
    • Cormack D., Nichols J.A. The Concentration of Oil in Seawater Resulting from Natural and Chemically Induced Dispersion of Oil Slicks. IOSC 1977, 381.
    • (1977) IOSC , vol.381
    • Cormack, D.1    Nichols, J.A.2
  • 63
    • 0043029390 scopus 로고
    • Field Measurement of Effectiveness: Historical Review and Examination of Analytical Methods
    • American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, L. Michael Flaherty (Ed.)
    • Fingas M.F. Field Measurement of Effectiveness: Historical Review and Examination of Analytical Methods. Oil Dispersants: New Ecological Approaches, ASTM STP 1018 1989, vol. 157. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA. L. Michael Flaherty (Ed.).
    • (1989) Oil Dispersants: New Ecological Approaches, ASTM STP 1018 , vol.157
    • Fingas, M.F.1
  • 64
    • 84882912121 scopus 로고
    • Dispersants: A Review of Effectiveness Measures and Studies, Proceedings of a Dispersant Workshop
    • December 1989, Reston, VA, sponsored by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, DC
    • Fingas MF, Dispersants: A Review of Effectiveness Measures and Studies, Proceedings of a Dispersant Workshop, December 1989, vol. 18. Reston, VA, sponsored by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, DC; 1989.
    • (1989) , vol.18
    • Fingas, M.F.1
  • 65
    • 0345037886 scopus 로고
    • Dispersants in the Freshwater Environment
    • American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, L. Michael Flaherty (Ed.)
    • Brown H.M., Goodman R.H. Dispersants in the Freshwater Environment. Oil Dispersants: New Ecological Approaches, ASTM STP 1018 1989, vol. 31. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA. L. Michael Flaherty (Ed.).
    • (1989) Oil Dispersants: New Ecological Approaches, ASTM STP 1018 , vol.31
    • Brown, H.M.1    Goodman, R.H.2
  • 72
    • 84882851886 scopus 로고
    • Testing of Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness in the Laboratory
    • Fingas M.F., Kyle D.A., Wang Z., Ackerman F., Mullin J. Testing of Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness in the Laboratory. AMOP 1994, 905.
    • (1994) AMOP , vol.905
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Kyle, D.A.2    Wang, Z.3    Ackerman, F.4    Mullin, J.5
  • 78
    • 84882882410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy and Work Input into Laboratory Vessels
    • Fingas M.F. Energy and Work Input into Laboratory Vessels. IOSC 2005, 663.
    • (2005) IOSC , vol.663
    • Fingas, M.F.1
  • 79
    • 33644530086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of Energy in Laboratory Vessels-III
    • Fingas M.F. Measurement of Energy in Laboratory Vessels-III. AMOP 2005, 1.
    • (2005) AMOP , vol.1
    • Fingas, M.F.1
  • 80
    • 33745852660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flow Dynamics in Eccentrically Rotating Flasks Used for Dispersant Effectiveness Testing
    • Kaku V.J., Boufadel M.C., Venosa A.D., Weaver J. Flow Dynamics in Eccentrically Rotating Flasks Used for Dispersant Effectiveness Testing. Environ Fluid Mech 2006, 385.
    • (2006) Environ Fluid Mech , vol.385
    • Kaku, V.J.1    Boufadel, M.C.2    Venosa, A.D.3    Weaver, J.4
  • 81
    • 33646066298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Turbulence Parameters in Laboratory Flasks Used for Dispersant Effectiveness Testing
    • Kaku V.J., Boufadel M.C., Venosa A.D. Evaluation of Turbulence Parameters in Laboratory Flasks Used for Dispersant Effectiveness Testing. IOSC 2005.
    • (2005) IOSC
    • Kaku, V.J.1    Boufadel, M.C.2    Venosa, A.D.3
  • 82
    • 84882906534 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of Meso-Scale and Laboratory Dispersant Tests with Dispersant Effectiveness Measured at Sea
    • Lunel T., Baldwin G., Merlin F. Comparison of Meso-Scale and Laboratory Dispersant Tests with Dispersant Effectiveness Measured at Sea. AMOP 1995, 629.
    • (1995) AMOP , vol.629
    • Lunel, T.1    Baldwin, G.2    Merlin, F.3
  • 83
    • 33748106142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Effectiveness on Oil Spills: Impact of Salinity
    • Chandrasekar S., Sorial G.A., Weaver J.W. Dispersant Effectiveness on Oil Spills: Impact of Salinity. ICES J Mar Sci 2006, 1418.
    • (2006) ICES J Mar Sci , vol.1418
    • Chandrasekar, S.1    Sorial, G.A.2    Weaver, J.W.3
  • 84
    • 8744231713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Protocol: I. Impact of Operational Variables
    • Sorial G.A., Venosa A.D., Koran K.M., Holder E., King D.W. Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Protocol: I. Impact of Operational Variables. J Environ Eng 2004, 1073.
    • (2004) J Environ Eng , vol.1073
    • Sorial, G.A.1    Venosa, A.D.2    Koran, K.M.3    Holder, E.4    King, D.W.5
  • 85
    • 8744261609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Protocol: II. Performance of Revised Protocol
    • Sorial G.A., Venosa A.D., Koran K.M., Holder E., King D.W. Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Protocol: II. Performance of Revised Protocol. J Environ Eng 2004, 1085.
    • (2004) J Environ Eng , vol.1085
    • Sorial, G.A.1    Venosa, A.D.2    Koran, K.M.3    Holder, E.4    King, D.W.5
  • 86
    • 35948985897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Effectiveness of Heavy Fuel Oils Using the Baffled Flask Test
    • Srinivasan R., Lu Q., Sorial G.A., Venosa A.D., Mullin J. Dispersant Effectiveness of Heavy Fuel Oils Using the Baffled Flask Test. Env Eng Sci 2007, 1307.
    • (2007) Env Eng Sci , vol.1307
    • Srinivasan, R.1    Lu, Q.2    Sorial, G.A.3    Venosa, A.D.4    Mullin, J.5
  • 87
    • 33646042892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass Balance and Dispersant Effectiveness: Are New Techniques and Methodologies Needed?
    • Goodman R. Mass Balance and Dispersant Effectiveness: Are New Techniques and Methodologies Needed?. IOSC 2005, 177.
    • (2005) IOSC , vol.177
    • Goodman, R.1
  • 88
    • 65249150155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oil Droplet Size Distribution as a Function of Energy Dissipation Rate in an Experimental Wave Tank
    • Li Z., Lee K., King T., Boufadel M.C., Venosa A.D. Oil Droplet Size Distribution as a Function of Energy Dissipation Rate in an Experimental Wave Tank. IOSC 2008, 621.
    • (2008) IOSC , vol.621
    • Li, Z.1    Lee, K.2    King, T.3    Boufadel, M.C.4    Venosa, A.D.5
  • 89
    • 43149101028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of Chemical Dispersant Effectiveness in a Wave Tank Under Regular Non-Breaking and Breaking Wave Conditions
    • Li Z., Lee K., King T., Boufadel M.C., Venosa A.D. Assessment of Chemical Dispersant Effectiveness in a Wave Tank Under Regular Non-Breaking and Breaking Wave Conditions. Mar Pollut Bull 2008, 903.
    • (2008) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.903
    • Li, Z.1    Lee, K.2    King, T.3    Boufadel, M.C.4    Venosa, A.D.5
  • 90
    • 65849325447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating Chemical Dispersant Efficacy in an Experimental Wave Tank: 1, Dispersant Effectiveness as a Function of Energy Dissipation Rate
    • Li Z., Lee K., King T., Kepkay P., Boufadel M.C., Venosa A.D. Evaluating Chemical Dispersant Efficacy in an Experimental Wave Tank: 1, Dispersant Effectiveness as a Function of Energy Dissipation Rate. Env Eng Sci 2009, 1139.
    • (2009) Env Eng Sci , vol.1139
    • Li, Z.1    Lee, K.2    King, T.3    Kepkay, P.4    Boufadel, M.C.5    Venosa, A.D.6
  • 91
    • 65449135247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating Crude Oil Chemical Dispersion Efficacy in a Flow-Through Wave Tank Under Regular Non-Breaking Wave and Breaking Wave Conditions
    • Li Z., Lee K., King T., Boufadel M.C., Venosa A.D. Evaluating Crude Oil Chemical Dispersion Efficacy in a Flow-Through Wave Tank Under Regular Non-Breaking Wave and Breaking Wave Conditions. Mar Pollut Bull 2009, 735.
    • (2009) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.735
    • Li, Z.1    Lee, K.2    King, T.3    Boufadel, M.C.4    Venosa, A.D.5
  • 92
    • 61549094104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling Oil Droplet Formation and Evolution Under Breaking Waves
    • Chen Z., Zhan C.S., Lee K., Li Z.K., Boufadel M. Modeling Oil Droplet Formation and Evolution Under Breaking Waves. Energ Sourc 2009, 438.
    • (2009) Energ Sourc , vol.438
    • Chen, Z.1    Zhan, C.S.2    Lee, K.3    Li, Z.K.4    Boufadel, M.5
  • 93
    • 33646066820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large Wave Tank Dispersant Effectiveness Testing in Cold Water
    • Belore R. Large Wave Tank Dispersant Effectiveness Testing in Cold Water. IOSC 2003, 381.
    • (2003) IOSC , vol.381
    • Belore, R.1
  • 94
    • 65249102722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Effectiveness Testing on Viscous, U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Crude Oils and Water-in-Oil Emulsions at Ohmsett
    • Belore R., Lewis A., Guarino A., Mullin J. Dispersant Effectiveness Testing on Viscous, U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Crude Oils and Water-in-Oil Emulsions at Ohmsett. IOSC 2008, 823.
    • (2008) IOSC , vol.823
    • Belore, R.1    Lewis, A.2    Guarino, A.3    Mullin, J.4
  • 95
    • 58149204181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-Scale Cold Water Dispersant Effectiveness Experiments with Alaskan Crude Oils and Corexit 9500 and 9527 Dispersants
    • Belore R.C., Trudel K., Mullin J.V., Guarino A. Large-Scale Cold Water Dispersant Effectiveness Experiments with Alaskan Crude Oils and Corexit 9500 and 9527 Dispersants. Mar Pollut Bull 2009, 118.
    • (2009) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.118
    • Belore, R.C.1    Trudel, K.2    Mullin, J.V.3    Guarino, A.4
  • 96
    • 77955612536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SLR. S.L. Ross for U.S. Minerals Management Service, Herndon, VA
    • SLR Dispersant Effectiveness Testing on Alaskan Oils in Cold Water 2003, S.L. Ross for U.S. Minerals Management Service, Herndon, VA. http://www.mms.gov/tarprojects.
    • (2003) Dispersant Effectiveness Testing on Alaskan Oils in Cold Water
  • 98
    • 77955242915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • S.L. Ross for U.S. Minerals Management Service, Herndon, VA, date accessed, 2006
    • SLR Dispersant Effectiveness Testing on Water-in-Oil Emulsions at Ohmsett 2006, S.L. Ross for U.S. Minerals Management Service, Herndon, VA, date accessed, 2006. http://www.mms.gov/tarprojects.
    • (2006) Dispersant Effectiveness Testing on Water-in-Oil Emulsions at Ohmsett
  • 101
    • 11244327401 scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Tests in a Wave Basin: Four Years of Experience
    • Brown H.M., Goodman R.H. Dispersant Tests in a Wave Basin: Four Years of Experience. AMOP 1988, 501.
    • (1988) AMOP , vol.501
    • Brown, H.M.1    Goodman, R.H.2
  • 102
    • 0042563684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Effectiveness in a Simulated Shallow Embayment
    • Page C., Bonner J., Fuller C., Sterling M. Dispersant Effectiveness in a Simulated Shallow Embayment. AMOP 2002, 721.
    • (2002) AMOP , vol.721
    • Page, C.1    Bonner, J.2    Fuller, C.3    Sterling, M.4
  • 103
    • 84882854950 scopus 로고
    • Dispersants: A Review of Effectiveness Measures and Studies
    • December, 1989, Reston, VA, sponsored by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, DC
    • Fingas MF. Dispersants: A Review of Effectiveness Measures and Studies, Proceedings of a Dispersant Workshop, December, 1989, Reston, VA, sponsored by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, DC; 1989;18.
    • (1989) Proceedings of a Dispersant Workshop , pp. 18
    • Fingas, M.F.1
  • 104
    • 11244342805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council (PWSRCAC) Report, Anchorage, AK
    • Fingas M.F. A White Paper on Oil Spill Dispersant Field Testing 2002, Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council (PWSRCAC) Report, Anchorage, AK.
    • (2002) A White Paper on Oil Spill Dispersant Field Testing
    • Fingas, M.F.1
  • 105
    • 11244337591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Tank Testing: A Review of Procedures and Consideration
    • Fingas M., Ka'aihue L. Dispersant Tank Testing: A Review of Procedures and Consideration. AMOP 2004, 1003.
    • (2004) AMOP , vol.1003
    • Fingas, M.1    Ka'aihue, L.2
  • 106
    • 65249167109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council (PWSRCAC), Anchorage, AK
    • Fingas M.F., DeCola E. Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Testing in OHMSETT 2006, Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council (PWSRCAC), Anchorage, AK. http://www.pwsrcac.org/projects/EnvMonitor/dispers.html.
    • (2006) Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Testing in OHMSETT
    • Fingas, M.F.1    DeCola, E.2
  • 107
    • 0041421084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meso-Scale Testing and Development of Test Procedures to Maintain Mass Balance
    • Bonner J., Page C., Fuller C. Meso-Scale Testing and Development of Test Procedures to Maintain Mass Balance. Mar Pollut Bull 2003, 406.
    • (2003) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.406
    • Bonner, J.1    Page, C.2    Fuller, C.3
  • 108
    • 0008257342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Materials Balance on a Chemically-Dispersed Oil and a Whole Oil Exposed to an Experimental Beach Front
    • Page C., Sumner P., Autenrieth R., Bonner J., McDonald T. Materials Balance on a Chemically-Dispersed Oil and a Whole Oil Exposed to an Experimental Beach Front. AMOP 1999, 645-658.
    • (1999) AMOP , pp. 645-658
    • Page, C.1    Sumner, P.2    Autenrieth, R.3    Bonner, J.4    McDonald, T.5
  • 109
    • 22944447756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative Determination of Oil Films/Slicks From Water Surfaces Using a Modified Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) Sampling Method
    • Louchouarn P., Bonner J.S., Tissot P., McDonald T.J., Fuller C., Page C. Quantitative Determination of Oil Films/Slicks From Water Surfaces Using a Modified Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) Sampling Method. AMOP 2000, 59.
    • (2000) AMOP , vol.59
    • Louchouarn, P.1    Bonner, J.S.2    Tissot, P.3    McDonald, T.J.4    Fuller, C.5    Page, C.6
  • 110
    • 84882890415 scopus 로고
    • Where Has All the Oil Gone? Dispersed Oil Detection in a Wave Basin and at Sea
    • Brown H.M., Goodman R.H., Canevari G.P. Where Has All the Oil Gone? Dispersed Oil Detection in a Wave Basin and at Sea. IOSC 1987, 307.
    • (1987) IOSC , vol.307
    • Brown, H.M.1    Goodman, R.H.2    Canevari, G.P.3
  • 111
    • 0042831258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Literature Review of Portable Fluorescence-Based Oil-in-Water Monitors
    • Lambert P. A Literature Review of Portable Fluorescence-Based Oil-in-Water Monitors. J H Mat 2003, 39.
    • (2003) J H Mat , vol.39
    • Lambert, P.1
  • 112
    • 0042528456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary Results From the Laboratory Study of a Flow-Through Fluorometer for Measuring Oil-in-Water Levels
    • Lambert P., Fieldhouse B., Wang Z., Fingas M.F., Goldthorp M., Pearson L., et al. Preliminary Results From the Laboratory Study of a Flow-Through Fluorometer for Measuring Oil-in-Water Levels. AMOP 2000, 69.
    • (2000) AMOP , vol.69
    • Lambert, P.1    Fieldhouse, B.2    Wang, Z.3    Fingas, M.F.4    Goldthorp, M.5    Pearson, L.6
  • 114
    • 3543041297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Laboratory Study of Flow-Through Fluorometer for Measuring Oil-in-Water Levels
    • Lambert P., Fieldhouse B., Wang Z., Fingas M.F., Goldthorp M., Pearson L., et al. A Laboratory Study of Flow-Through Fluorometer for Measuring Oil-in-Water Levels. AMOP 2001, 23.
    • (2001) AMOP , vol.23
    • Lambert, P.1    Fieldhouse, B.2    Wang, Z.3    Fingas, M.F.4    Goldthorp, M.5    Pearson, L.6
  • 115
    • 84882878121 scopus 로고
    • Analytical Procedures for Measuring Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness in the Laboratory
    • Fingas M.F., Kyle D.A., Lambert P., Wang Z., Mullin J.V. Analytical Procedures for Measuring Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness in the Laboratory. AMOP 1995, 339.
    • (1995) AMOP , vol.339
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Kyle, D.A.2    Lambert, P.3    Wang, Z.4    Mullin, J.V.5
  • 116
    • 41149161514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of Ultraviolet Fluorometry and Excitation-Emission Matrix Spectroscopy (EEMS) to Fingerprint Oil and Chemically Dispersed Oil in Seawater
    • Bugden J.B.C., Yeung C.W., Kepkay P.E., Lee K. Application of Ultraviolet Fluorometry and Excitation-Emission Matrix Spectroscopy (EEMS) to Fingerprint Oil and Chemically Dispersed Oil in Seawater. Mar Pollut Bull 2008, 677.
    • (2008) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.677
    • Bugden, J.B.C.1    Yeung, C.W.2    Kepkay, P.E.3    Lee, K.4
  • 117
    • 11244266848 scopus 로고
    • The Use of Remote Sensing in the Determination of Dispersant Effectiveness
    • Goodman R.H., Fingas M.F. The Use of Remote Sensing in the Determination of Dispersant Effectiveness. Spill Techn News 1988, 55.
    • (1988) Spill Techn News , vol.55
    • Goodman, R.H.1    Fingas, M.F.2
  • 119
    • 22944449709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative Method for Surface Oil Measurement and Recovery Based on a New Type of Low Impact Skimmer
    • Tissot P., Fuller C., Louchouarn P., Bonner J., Dellamea S., Bujnoch D. Quantitative Method for Surface Oil Measurement and Recovery Based on a New Type of Low Impact Skimmer. AMOP 2000, 353.
    • (2000) AMOP , vol.353
    • Tissot, P.1    Fuller, C.2    Louchouarn, P.3    Bonner, J.4    Dellamea, S.5    Bujnoch, D.6
  • 120
    • 84882903095 scopus 로고
    • Optimization of Dispersant Application, Especially by Ship
    • Merlin F., Bocard C., Castaing G. Optimization of Dispersant Application, Especially by Ship. IOSC 1989, 337.
    • (1989) IOSC , vol.337
    • Merlin, F.1    Bocard, C.2    Castaing, G.3
  • 122
    • 3543024520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Effectiveness Testing: Laboratory Studies of Fresh and Weathered Oils
    • Fingas M.F., Fieldhouse B., Sigouin L., Wang Z., Mullin J. Dispersant Effectiveness Testing: Laboratory Studies of Fresh and Weathered Oils. AMOP 2001, 551.
    • (2001) AMOP , vol.551
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Fieldhouse, B.2    Sigouin, L.3    Wang, Z.4    Mullin, J.5
  • 124
    • 84916235728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of Monitoring Protocols for Dispersant Effectiveness
    • Fingas M., Ka'aihue L. Review of Monitoring Protocols for Dispersant Effectiveness. AMOP 2004, 977.
    • (2004) AMOP , vol.977
    • Fingas, M.1    Ka'aihue, L.2
  • 125
    • 0043029395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smart Scientific Monitoring of Advanced Response Technologies
    • Barnea N., Laferrier R. Smart Scientific Monitoring of Advanced Response Technologies. IOSC 1999, 1265.
    • (1999) IOSC , vol.1265
    • Barnea, N.1    Laferrier, R.2
  • 126
    • 84882894652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SMART, Special Monitoring of Applied Response Technologies, U.S. Coast Guard, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, and Minerals Management Service. Available on-line at; 2009.
    • SMART, Special Monitoring of Applied Response Technologies, U.S. Coast Guard, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, and Minerals Management Service. Available on-line at; 2009. http://response.restoration.noaa.gov.
  • 128
    • 0012198093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and Implementation of the Dispersant Observation Job Aid
    • Levine E. Development and Implementation of the Dispersant Observation Job Aid. IOSC 1999, 1015.
    • (1999) IOSC , vol.1015
    • Levine, E.1
  • 129
  • 131
    • 84882922682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Texas General Land Office website, 2009
    • Texas General Land Office website, 2009,. http://www.glo.texas.gov/what-we-do/energy-and-minerals/index.html.
  • 132
    • 84882917661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • States/British Columbia Oil Spill Task Force, website at wlap, December 2009.
    • States/British Columbia Oil Spill Task Force, website at wlap, December 2009. http://www.gov.bc.ca/eeeb/taskforc/tfqmtg6.htm.
  • 133
    • 84882897192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ADEC, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Website, December 2009.
    • ADEC, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Website, December 2009.
  • 134
    • 33646053141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of Dispersants to Mitigate Oil Spills in the Gulf of Mexico: The Poseidon Pipeline Spill Case Study
    • Stoermer S., Butler G., Henry C. Application of Dispersants to Mitigate Oil Spills in the Gulf of Mexico: The Poseidon Pipeline Spill Case Study. IOSC 2001, 1227.
    • (2001) IOSC , vol.1227
    • Stoermer, S.1    Butler, G.2    Henry, C.3
  • 137
  • 138
    • 33646021616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for Dispersant Use in New Zealand
    • Stevens L.M., Roosen J.T., Irving P. Guidelines for Dispersant Use in New Zealand. IOSC 2001, 1185.
    • (2001) IOSC , vol.1185
    • Stevens, L.M.1    Roosen, J.T.2    Irving, P.3
  • 139
    • 0012123215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimization of Oil Spill Dispersant Use
    • Lunel T., Lewis A. Optimization of Oil Spill Dispersant Use. IOSC 1999, 187.
    • (1999) IOSC , vol.187
    • Lunel, T.1    Lewis, A.2
  • 140
    • 84882882299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Pre-Approvals-Best Practice
    • Lunel T. Dispersant Pre-Approvals-Best Practice. IOSC 2001, 441.
    • (2001) IOSC , vol.441
    • Lunel, T.1
  • 141
    • 84882898506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMSA, Use of Chemical Dispersants in the Sea Empress Oil Spill-Milford Haven, UK, Australian Maritime Authority.; 2003.
    • AMSA, Use of Chemical Dispersants in the Sea Empress Oil Spill-Milford Haven, UK, Australian Maritime Authority.; 2003. http://www.amsa.gov.au/me/natplan/TOOLBOX/dispersa/wave1.htm.
  • 142
    • 3543048005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is SMART Really that Smart
    • Goodman R.H. Is SMART Really that Smart. AMOP 2003, 779.
    • (2003) AMOP , vol.779
    • Goodman, R.H.1
  • 144
    • 11244350613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Visibility and Detectability of Oil Slicks and Oil Discharges on Water
    • Fingas M.F., Brown C.E., Gamble L. The Visibility and Detectability of Oil Slicks and Oil Discharges on Water. AMOP 1999, 865.
    • (1999) AMOP , vol.865
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Brown, C.E.2    Gamble, L.3
  • 149
    • 11244342044 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Three Oil Spill Tracking Buoys
    • Fingas M.F., Lea B. Evaluation of Three Oil Spill Tracking Buoys. Spill Tech News 1981, 223.
    • (1981) Spill Tech News , vol.223
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Lea, B.2
  • 151
    • 35948999336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air-deployable Oil Spill Sampling Device Review Phase II-Testing
    • Hawke L., Dumouchel A., Fingas M., Brown C.E. Air-deployable Oil Spill Sampling Device Review Phase II-Testing. AMOP 2007, 469.
    • (2007) AMOP , vol.469
    • Hawke, L.1    Dumouchel, A.2    Fingas, M.3    Brown, C.E.4
  • 152
    • 0012198092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Primer on In Situ Fluorometry to Monitor Dispersed Oil
    • Henry C.B., Roberts P.O., Overton E.B. A Primer on In Situ Fluorometry to Monitor Dispersed Oil. IOSC 1999, 225.
    • (1999) IOSC , vol.225
    • Henry, C.B.1    Roberts, P.O.2    Overton, E.B.3
  • 154
    • 3542996203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Background Fluorescence Values and Matrix Effects Observed Using Smart Protocols in the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico
    • Henry C., Roberts P.O. Background Fluorescence Values and Matrix Effects Observed Using Smart Protocols in the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. IOSC 2001, 1203-1207.
    • (2001) IOSC , pp. 1203-1207
    • Henry, C.1    Roberts, P.O.2
  • 156
    • 11244340349 scopus 로고
    • A Simple Field Effectiveness Test for Dispersants
    • Abbott F.S. A Simple Field Effectiveness Test for Dispersants. Spill Techn News 1993.
    • (1993) Spill Techn News
    • Abbott, F.S.1
  • 158
    • 11244263750 scopus 로고
    • Fina. Kit marketed by Norpol Environmental Services, Hyalstad, Norway
    • Fina Oil Spill Test Kit Procedures 1990, Kit marketed by Norpol Environmental Services, Hyalstad, Norway.
    • (1990) Oil Spill Test Kit Procedures
  • 159
    • 0023033805 scopus 로고
    • Dispersion of Crude Oil in Seawater: The Role of Synthetic Surfactants
    • Pelletier E. Dispersion of Crude Oil in Seawater: The Role of Synthetic Surfactants. Oil Chem Poll 1986/87, 257.
    • (1986) Oil Chem Poll , vol.257
    • Pelletier, E.1
  • 160
    • 84882926051 scopus 로고
    • Interfacial Properties of Oil Spill Dispersants and Their Effects on Dispersion Effectiveness
    • Liu H., Zhan Y., Wang W., Wang Z. Interfacial Properties of Oil Spill Dispersants and Their Effects on Dispersion Effectiveness. AMOP 1995, 355.
    • (1995) AMOP , vol.355
    • Liu, H.1    Zhan, Y.2    Wang, W.3    Wang, Z.4
  • 161
    • 0029324945 scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Effectiveness: Studies into the Causes of Effectiveness Variations
    • American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, P. Lane (Ed.)
    • Fingas M.F., Kyle D.A., Tennyson E. Dispersant Effectiveness: Studies into the Causes of Effectiveness Variations. The Use of Chemicals in Oil Spill Response, ASTM STP 1252 1995, vol. 92. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA. P. Lane (Ed.).
    • (1995) The Use of Chemicals in Oil Spill Response, ASTM STP 1252 , vol.92
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Kyle, D.A.2    Tennyson, E.3
  • 162
    • 0030317168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Effect of Energy, Settling Time and Shaking Time on the Swirling Flask Dispersant Apparatus
    • Fingas M.F., Huang E., Fieldhouse B., Wang L., Mullin J.V. The Effect of Energy, Settling Time and Shaking Time on the Swirling Flask Dispersant Apparatus. Spill Sci Technol Bull 1996, 193.
    • (1996) Spill Sci Technol Bull , vol.193
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Huang, E.2    Fieldhouse, B.3    Wang, L.4    Mullin, J.V.5
  • 164
    • 0037772891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Was Loitsyansky Correct? A Review of the Arguments
    • Davidson P.A. Was Loitsyansky Correct? A Review of the Arguments. J Turbulence 2000, 1.
    • (2000) J Turbulence , vol.1
    • Davidson, P.A.1
  • 165
  • 166
    • 0141975268 scopus 로고
    • The Three-Dimensional Current and Surface Wave Equations
    • Mellor G. The Three-Dimensional Current and Surface Wave Equations. J Phys Oceanogr 1978, 2003.
    • (1978) J Phys Oceanogr , pp. 2003
    • Mellor, G.1
  • 167
    • 0035736591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appearance and Alignment with Strain Rate of Coherent Fine Scale Eddies in Turbulent Mixing Layers
    • Tanahashi M., Iwase S., Miyauchi T. Appearance and Alignment with Strain Rate of Coherent Fine Scale Eddies in Turbulent Mixing Layers. J Turbulence 2001, 1.
    • (2001) J Turbulence , vol.1
    • Tanahashi, M.1    Iwase, S.2    Miyauchi, T.3
  • 168
    • 0030426153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turbulence Dissipation Rates and Nitrate Supply in the Upper Water Column on Georges Bank
    • Horne E.P.W., Loder J.W., Naimie C.E., Oakey N.S. Turbulence Dissipation Rates and Nitrate Supply in the Upper Water Column on Georges Bank. Deep-Sea Res II 1996, 1683.
    • (1996) Deep-Sea Res II , vol.1683
    • Horne, E.P.W.1    Loder, J.W.2    Naimie, C.E.3    Oakey, N.S.4
  • 169
    • 0030434344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Small-scale Turbulence on Feeding Rates of Larval Cod and Haddock on Georges Bank
    • Lough R.G., Mountain D.G. Effect of Small-scale Turbulence on Feeding Rates of Larval Cod and Haddock on Georges Bank. Deep-Sea Res II 1996, 1745.
    • (1996) Deep-Sea Res II , vol.1745
    • Lough, R.G.1    Mountain, D.G.2
  • 171
    • 17444439904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large Eddy Simulations of Deep-Ocean Convection: Analysis of the Vorticity Dynamics
    • Barbarosa J.P., Metais O. Large Eddy Simulations of Deep-Ocean Convection: Analysis of the Vorticity Dynamics. J Turbulence 2001, 1.
    • (2001) J Turbulence , vol.1
    • Barbarosa, J.P.1    Metais, O.2
  • 172
    • 0038529776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microscale Distribution of Zooplankton in Relation to Turbulent Diffusion
    • Maar M., Nielsen T.G., Stips A., Visser A.W. Microscale Distribution of Zooplankton in Relation to Turbulent Diffusion. Limnol Oceanogr 2003, 1312.
    • (2003) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.1312
    • Maar, M.1    Nielsen, T.G.2    Stips, A.3    Visser, A.W.4
  • 173
    • 0037986298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Horizontal Transport and Dispersion in the Layer of a Medium-sized Lake
    • Stocker R., Imberger J. Horizontal Transport and Dispersion in the Layer of a Medium-sized Lake. Limnol Oceanogr 2003, 971.
    • (2003) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.971
    • Stocker, R.1    Imberger, J.2
  • 175
    • 0035248069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigations of Static and Dynamic Interactions Between Bubbles and X-hot-film Probes
    • Benk H., Schmidt T., Loth R. Investigations of Static and Dynamic Interactions Between Bubbles and X-hot-film Probes. Meas Sci Technol 2001, 119.
    • (2001) Meas Sci Technol , vol.119
    • Benk, H.1    Schmidt, T.2    Loth, R.3
  • 177
    • 0034253355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of Turbulent Velocity Spectra from Laser Doppler Data
    • Benedict L.H., Nobach H., Tropea C. Estimation of Turbulent Velocity Spectra from Laser Doppler Data. Meas Sci Technol 2000, 1089.
    • (2000) Meas Sci Technol , vol.1089
    • Benedict, L.H.1    Nobach, H.2    Tropea, C.3
  • 178
    • 0032100145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ADV Measurements of Turbulence: Can We Improve Their Interpretation
    • Nikora V., Goring D. ADV Measurements of Turbulence: Can We Improve Their Interpretation. J Hydraul Eng 1998, 630.
    • (1998) J Hydraul Eng , vol.630
    • Nikora, V.1    Goring, D.2
  • 180
    • 3543037012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies of Water-in-Oil Emulsions: Energy and Work Threshold as a Function of Temperature
    • Fingas M.F., Fieldhouse B., Lerouge L., Lane J., Mullin J. Studies of Water-in-Oil Emulsions: Energy and Work Threshold as a Function of Temperature. AMOP 2001, 65.
    • (2001) AMOP , vol.65
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Fieldhouse, B.2    Lerouge, L.3    Lane, J.4    Mullin, J.5
  • 181
    • 0038529781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Small-scale Turbulence on Copepods: The Case of Oithhona Davisae
    • Saiz E., Calbet A., Broglio E. Effects of Small-scale Turbulence on Copepods: The Case of Oithhona Davisae. Limnol Oceanogr 2003, 1304.
    • (2003) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.1304
    • Saiz, E.1    Calbet, A.2    Broglio, E.3
  • 183
    • 0021656687 scopus 로고
    • A Review of the Relationship between the Characteristics of Spilled Oil and Dispersant Effectiveness
    • American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, T.E. Allen (Ed.)
    • Canevari G.P. A Review of the Relationship between the Characteristics of Spilled Oil and Dispersant Effectiveness. Oil Spill Chemical Dispersants: Research, Experience and Recommendations, STP 840 1984, vol. 87. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA. T.E. Allen (Ed.).
    • (1984) Oil Spill Chemical Dispersants: Research, Experience and Recommendations, STP 840 , vol.87
    • Canevari, G.P.1
  • 184
    • 0001852228 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the Physical and Chemical Behaviour of Oil and Dispersant Mixtures
    • Fingas M.F., Bier I., Bobra M.A., Callaghan S. Studies on the Physical and Chemical Behaviour of Oil and Dispersant Mixtures. IOSC 1991, 419.
    • (1991) IOSC , vol.419
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Bier, I.2    Bobra, M.A.3    Callaghan, S.4
  • 185
    • 3543018531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Correlation of Chemical Characteristics of an Oil to Dispersant Effectiveness
    • Fingas M.F., Wang Z., Fieldhouse B., Smith P. The Correlation of Chemical Characteristics of an Oil to Dispersant Effectiveness. AMOP 2003, 679.
    • (2003) AMOP , vol.679
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Wang, Z.2    Fieldhouse, B.3    Smith, P.4
  • 186
    • 3543025651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical Characteristics of an Oil and the Relationship to Dispersant Effectiveness
    • Ottawa, ON: Environment Canada Manuscript Report Number EE-173
    • Fingas MF, Wang Z, Jones N, Fieldhouse B, Smith P. Chemical Characteristics of an Oil and the Relationship to Dispersant Effectiveness, Ottawa, ON: Environment Canada Manuscript Report Number EE-173; 2003.
    • (2003)
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Wang, Z.2    Jones, N.3    Fieldhouse, B.4    Smith, P.5
  • 188
    • 33644545954 scopus 로고
    • Laboratory Testing of Dispersants Under Arctic Conditions
    • Brandvik P.J., Daling P.S. Laboratory Testing of Dispersants Under Arctic Conditions. AMOP 1992, 123.
    • (1992) AMOP , vol.123
    • Brandvik, P.J.1    Daling, P.S.2
  • 189
    • 84882834536 scopus 로고
    • The Comparative Effectiveness of Dispersants in Fresh and Low Salinity Waters
    • Belk J.L., Elliot D.J., Flaherty L.M. The Comparative Effectiveness of Dispersants in Fresh and Low Salinity Waters. IOSC 1989, 333.
    • (1989) IOSC , vol.333
    • Belk, J.L.1    Elliot, D.J.2    Flaherty, L.M.3
  • 190
    • 84882909214 scopus 로고
    • A Comparative Study of Oil Spill Dispersants in Brackish Water
    • National Board of Waters and the Environment, Helsinki, Finland
    • Eriksson F. A Comparative Study of Oil Spill Dispersants in Brackish Water. Proceedings of Seminar on Combating Marine Oil Spills in Ice and Cold Conditions 1992, vol. 99. National Board of Waters and the Environment, Helsinki, Finland.
    • (1992) Proceedings of Seminar on Combating Marine Oil Spills in Ice and Cold Conditions , vol.99
    • Eriksson, F.1
  • 192
    • 0002374167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative Efficacy of Two Corexit Dispersants as Measured Using California's Modified Swirling Flask Test
    • Blondina G.J., Sowby M.L., Ouano M.A., Singer M.M., Tjeerdema R.S. Comparative Efficacy of Two Corexit Dispersants as Measured Using California's Modified Swirling Flask Test. AMOP 1997, 561.
    • (1997) AMOP , vol.561
    • Blondina, G.J.1    Sowby, M.L.2    Ouano, M.A.3    Singer, M.M.4    Tjeerdema, R.S.5
  • 196
    • 0036882697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness in the Laboratory of Corexit 9527 and 9500 in Dispersing Fresh, Weathered, and Emulsion of Alaska North Slope Crude Oil Under Subarctic Conditions
    • Moles A., Holland L., Short J. Effectiveness in the Laboratory of Corexit 9527 and 9500 in Dispersing Fresh, Weathered, and Emulsion of Alaska North Slope Crude Oil Under Subarctic Conditions. Spill Sci Technol Bull 2002, 241.
    • (2002) Spill Sci Technol Bull , vol.241
    • Moles, A.1    Holland, L.2    Short, J.3
  • 199
    • 33644540517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Literature Review of the Variation of Dispersant Effectiveness with Salinity
    • Fingas M., Ka'aihue L. A Literature Review of the Variation of Dispersant Effectiveness with Salinity. AMOP 2005, 657.
    • (2005) AMOP , vol.657
    • Fingas, M.1    Ka'aihue, L.2
  • 200
    • 0006337202 scopus 로고
    • Understanding the Mechanism of Dispersion through Oil Droplet Size Measurements at Sea
    • ASTM, STP 1252, Philadelphia, PA, P. Lane (Ed.)
    • Lunel T. Understanding the Mechanism of Dispersion through Oil Droplet Size Measurements at Sea. The Use of Chemicals in Oil Spill Response 1995, vol. 240. ASTM, STP 1252, Philadelphia, PA. P. Lane (Ed.).
    • (1995) The Use of Chemicals in Oil Spill Response , vol.240
    • Lunel, T.1
  • 201
    • 65449185431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size Distribution as a Measure of Dispersant Performance
    • Mukherjee B., Wrenn B.A. Size Distribution as a Measure of Dispersant Performance. Can J Civil Eng 2009, 540.
    • (2009) Can J Civil Eng , vol.540
    • Mukherjee, B.1    Wrenn, B.A.2
  • 202
    • 84882859657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent Spill Experiences: The North Cape Spill
    • Spaulding M. Recent Spill Experiences: The North Cape Spill. AMOP 1996, 1487.
    • (1996) AMOP , vol.1487
    • Spaulding, M.1
  • 203
    • 84882925482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of Dispersant, Oil, and Dispersed Oil to Two Marine Organisms
    • Gulec I., Holdway D.A. Toxicity of Dispersant, Oil, and Dispersed Oil to Two Marine Organisms. IOSC 1997, 1010.
    • (1997) IOSC , vol.1010
    • Gulec, I.1    Holdway, D.A.2
  • 206
    • 0030274225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of Acute Aquatic Effects of the Oil Dispersant Corexit 9500 with those of Other Corexit Series Dispersants
    • Singer M.M., George S., Benner P., Jacobsen S., Lee I., Weetmore L.L., et al. Comparison of Acute Aquatic Effects of the Oil Dispersant Corexit 9500 with those of Other Corexit Series Dispersants. Ecotox Environ Safe 1996, 183.
    • (1996) Ecotox Environ Safe , vol.183
    • Singer, M.M.1    George, S.2    Benner, P.3    Jacobsen, S.4    Lee, I.5    Weetmore, L.L.6
  • 207
    • 0029127104 scopus 로고
    • Responses of Embryonic and Larval Inland Silversides, Menidia beryllina, to No.2 Fuel Oil and Oil Spill Dispersants in Seawater
    • Midlaugh D.P., Whiting D.D. Responses of Embryonic and Larval Inland Silversides, Menidia beryllina, to No.2 Fuel Oil and Oil Spill Dispersants in Seawater. Arch Environm Contam Toxicol 1995, 535.
    • (1995) Arch Environm Contam Toxicol , vol.535
    • Midlaugh, D.P.1    Whiting, D.D.2
  • 210
    • 0029416413 scopus 로고
    • The Comparative Effects of Oil Dispersants and Oil/Dispersant Conjugates on Germination of the Marine Macroalga Phyllospora comosa (Fucales: Phaeophyta)
    • Burridge T.R., Shir M.-J. The Comparative Effects of Oil Dispersants and Oil/Dispersant Conjugates on Germination of the Marine Macroalga Phyllospora comosa (Fucales: Phaeophyta). Mar Pollut Bull 1995, 446.
    • (1995) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.446
    • Burridge, T.R.1    Shir, M.-J.2
  • 212
    • 84963289522 scopus 로고
    • Comparative Toxicity of Crude Oil, Dispersant and Oil-Dispersant Mixture to Prawn
    • Unsal M. Comparative Toxicity of Crude Oil, Dispersant and Oil-Dispersant Mixture to Prawn. Palaemon elegans. Toxicol Environ Chem 1991, 451.
    • (1991) Palaemon elegans. Toxicol Environ Chem , vol.451
    • Unsal, M.1
  • 213
    • 84882925012 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the Fate and Ecological Effects of Dispersed and Non-Dispersed Oil in a Variety of Marine Habitats
    • American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, T.E. Allen (Ed.)
    • Baker J.M., Cruthes J.H., Little D.I., Oldham J.H., Wilson C.M. Comparison of the Fate and Ecological Effects of Dispersed and Non-Dispersed Oil in a Variety of Marine Habitats. Oil Spill Chemical Dispersants: Research, Experience, and Recommend-ations, STP 840 1984, vol. 239. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA. T.E. Allen (Ed.).
    • (1984) Oil Spill Chemical Dispersants: Research, Experience, and Recommend-ations, STP 840 , vol.239
    • Baker, J.M.1    Cruthes, J.H.2    Little, D.I.3    Oldham, J.H.4    Wilson, C.M.5
  • 215
    • 0002875469 scopus 로고
    • Final Results of the API Tropics Oil Spill and Dispersant Use Experiments in Panama
    • Ballou T.G., Hess S.G., Getter C.D., Knap A., Dodge R., Sleeter T. Final Results of the API Tropics Oil Spill and Dispersant Use Experiments in Panama. IOSC 1987, 634.
    • (1987) IOSC , vol.634
    • Ballou, T.G.1    Hess, S.G.2    Getter, C.D.3    Knap, A.4    Dodge, R.5    Sleeter, T.6
  • 216
    • 0002438283 scopus 로고
    • Effects of Untreated and Chemically Dispersed Oil on Tropical Marine Communities: A Long-Term Field Experiment
    • Ballou T.G., Hess S.C., Dodge R.E., Knap A.H., Sleeter T.D. Effects of Untreated and Chemically Dispersed Oil on Tropical Marine Communities: A Long-Term Field Experiment. IOSC 1989, 447.
    • (1989) IOSC , vol.447
    • Ballou, T.G.1    Hess, S.C.2    Dodge, R.E.3    Knap, A.H.4    Sleeter, T.D.5
  • 217
    • 0030395664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Effects of Crude Oil and Dispersed Crude Oil on Tropical Ecosystems: Long-Term Seagrass, Mangrove, and Coral Studies
    • Marine Technology Society, Fort Lauderdale, FL
    • Baca BJ, Snedaker SC, Dodge RE, Knap AH, Sleeter TD. The Effects of Crude Oil and Dispersed Crude Oil on Tropical Ecosystems: Long-Term Seagrass, Mangrove, and Coral Studies, In: Proceedings of Oceans 96 MTS/IEEE, vol. 469, Marine Technology Society, Fort Lauderdale, FL; 1996.
    • (1996) Proceedings of Oceans 96 MTS/IEEE , vol.469
    • Baca, B.J.1    Snedaker, S.C.2    Dodge, R.E.3    Knap, A.H.4    Sleeter, T.D.5
  • 218
    • 0021974048 scopus 로고
    • Effects of Dispersant and Oil on Subtropical and Tropical Seagrasses
    • Thorhaug A., Marcus J.H. Effects of Dispersant and Oil on Subtropical and Tropical Seagrasses. IOSC 1985, 597.
    • (1985) IOSC , vol.597
    • Thorhaug, A.1    Marcus, J.H.2
  • 224
    • 0027338635 scopus 로고
    • Fate and Effects of Dispersed Crude Oil Under Icy Conditions Simulated in Mesocosms
    • Siron R., Pelletier E., Delille D., Roy S. Fate and Effects of Dispersed Crude Oil Under Icy Conditions Simulated in Mesocosms. Mar Environ Res 1993, 273.
    • (1993) Mar Environ Res , vol.273
    • Siron, R.1    Pelletier, E.2    Delille, D.3    Roy, S.4
  • 225
    • 0344838350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilary PAH Metabolite Elimination in Australian Bass, Macquaria novemacueata Following Exposure to Bass Strait Oil and Chemically Dispersed Crude Oil
    • Cohen A., Gagnon M.M., Nugegoda D. Bilary PAH Metabolite Elimination in Australian Bass, Macquaria novemacueata Following Exposure to Bass Strait Oil and Chemically Dispersed Crude Oil. Bull Environ Contam and Toxicol 2003, 394.
    • (2003) Bull Environ Contam and Toxicol , vol.394
    • Cohen, A.1    Gagnon, M.M.2    Nugegoda, D.3
  • 226
    • 24944476567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations of Metabolic Enzymes in Australian Bass, Macquaria novemaculeata, After Exposure to Petroleum Hydrocarbons
    • Cohen A.M., Gagnon M.M., Nugegoda D. Alterations of Metabolic Enzymes in Australian Bass, Macquaria novemaculeata, After Exposure to Petroleum Hydrocarbons. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2005, 200.
    • (2005) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.200
    • Cohen, A.M.1    Gagnon, M.M.2    Nugegoda, D.3
  • 227
    • 18844393410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Dispersant on the Composition of the Water-Accommodated Fraction of Crude Oil and its Toxicity to Larval Marine Fish
    • Couillard C.M., Lee K., Legare B., King T.L. Effect of Dispersant on the Composition of the Water-Accommodated Fraction of Crude Oil and its Toxicity to Larval Marine Fish. Environ Tox Chem 2005, 1496.
    • (2005) Environ Tox Chem , vol.1496
    • Couillard, C.M.1    Lee, K.2    Legare, B.3    King, T.L.4
  • 228
    • 10044230394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative Toxicity of Oil, Dispersant, and Oil Plus Dispersant to Several Marine Species
    • Fuller C., Bonner J., Page C., Ernest A., McDonald T., McDonald S. Comparative Toxicity of Oil, Dispersant, and Oil Plus Dispersant to Several Marine Species. Environ Tox Chem 2004, 2941.
    • (2004) Environ Tox Chem , vol.2941
    • Fuller, C.1    Bonner, J.2    Page, C.3    Ernest, A.4    McDonald, T.5    McDonald, S.6
  • 229
    • 0037378644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Impact of Oil-Derived Products on the Behaviour and Biochemistry of the Eleven-Armed Asteroid coscinasterias muricata (echinodermata)
    • Georgiades E.T., Holdway D.A., Brennan S.E., Butty J.S., Temara A. The Impact of Oil-Derived Products on the Behaviour and Biochemistry of the Eleven-Armed Asteroid coscinasterias muricata (echinodermata). Mar Environ Res 2003, 257.
    • (2003) Mar Environ Res , vol.257
    • Georgiades, E.T.1    Holdway, D.A.2    Brennan, S.E.3    Butty, J.S.4    Temara, A.5
  • 230
    • 26844510740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of a Crude Oil Dispersant, Corexit 9527, and Dispersed Oil on Capelin (Mallotus villosus), Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua), Longhorn Sculpin (Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus) and Cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus)
    • Khan R.A., Payne J.F. Influence of a Crude Oil Dispersant, Corexit 9527, and Dispersed Oil on Capelin (Mallotus villosus), Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua), Longhorn Sculpin (Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus) and Cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2005, 50.
    • (2005) Bull Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.50
    • Khan, R.A.1    Payne, J.F.2
  • 231
    • 4444366237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of Heavy Fuel Oil, Dispersant, and Oil-Dispersant Mixtures to a Marine Fish
    • Koyama J., Kakuno A. Toxicity of Heavy Fuel Oil, Dispersant, and Oil-Dispersant Mixtures to a Marine Fish. Pagrus major. Fisheries Sci 2004, 587.
    • (2004) Pagrus major. Fisheries Sci , vol.587
    • Koyama, J.1    Kakuno, A.2
  • 232
    • 28444456650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Field Investigation on the Toxicity of Alaska North Slope Crude Oil (ANSC) and Dispersed ANSC Crude to Gulf Killifish, Eastern Oyster and White Shrimp
    • Liu B., Romaire R.P., Delaune R.D., Lindau C.W. Field Investigation on the Toxicity of Alaska North Slope Crude Oil (ANSC) and Dispersed ANSC Crude to Gulf Killifish, Eastern Oyster and White Shrimp. Chemosphere 2006, 520.
    • (2006) Chemosphere , vol.520
    • Liu, B.1    Romaire, R.P.2    Delaune, R.D.3    Lindau, C.W.4
  • 233
    • 0035987725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute Toxicity of Crude and Dispersed Oil to Octopus pallidus (Hoyle, 1885) Hatchlings
    • Long S.M., Holdway D.A. Acute Toxicity of Crude and Dispersed Oil to Octopus pallidus (Hoyle, 1885) Hatchlings. Water Res 2002, 2769.
    • (2002) Water Res , vol.2769
    • Long, S.M.1    Holdway, D.A.2
  • 234
    • 31144432171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial Responses Using Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis to Oil and Chemical Dispersant in Enclosed Ecosystems
    • Yoshida A., Nomura H., Toyoda K., Nishino T., Seo Y., Yamada M., et al. Microbial Responses Using Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis to Oil and Chemical Dispersant in Enclosed Ecosystems. Mar Pollut Bull 2006, 89.
    • (2006) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.89
    • Yoshida, A.1    Nomura, H.2    Toyoda, K.3    Nishino, T.4    Seo, Y.5    Yamada, M.6
  • 235
    • 11244306692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of Droplets in Promoting Uptake of PAHs by Fish Exposed to Chemically Dispersed Crude Oil
    • Ramachandran S.D., Khan C.W., Hodson P.V., Lee K., King T. Role of Droplets in Promoting Uptake of PAHs by Fish Exposed to Chemically Dispersed Crude Oil. AMOP 2004, 765.
    • (2004) AMOP , vol.765
    • Ramachandran, S.D.1    Khan, C.W.2    Hodson, P.V.3    Lee, K.4    King, T.5
  • 238
    • 16344373019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of a Dispersant on the Bioaccumulation of Phenanthrene by Topsmelt (Atherinops affinis)
    • Mielbrecht E.E., Wolfe M.F., Tjeerdema R.S., Sowby M.L. Influence of a Dispersant on the Bioaccumulation of Phenanthrene by Topsmelt (Atherinops affinis). Ecotox Environ Safe 2005, 44.
    • (2005) Ecotox Environ Safe , vol.44
    • Mielbrecht, E.E.1    Wolfe, M.F.2    Tjeerdema, R.S.3    Sowby, M.L.4
  • 239
    • 8844246498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crude Oil Plus Dispersant: Always a Boon or Bane?
    • Otitoloju A.A. Crude Oil Plus Dispersant: Always a Boon or Bane?. Ecotox Environ Safe 2005, 198.
    • (2005) Ecotox Environ Safe , vol.198
    • Otitoloju, A.A.1
  • 240
    • 77649336115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of "Environmentally Sensitive" Dispersal Ratios for Chemical Dispersants Used in Crude Oil Spill Control
    • Otitoloju A.A., Popoola T.O. Estimation of "Environmentally Sensitive" Dispersal Ratios for Chemical Dispersants Used in Crude Oil Spill Control. Environmentalist 2009, 1.
    • (2009) Environmentalist , vol.1
    • Otitoloju, A.A.1    Popoola, T.O.2
  • 241
    • 27644546307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative Marine Toxicity Testing: A Cold-Water Species and Standard Warm-Water Test Species Exposed to Crude Oil and Dispersant
    • Perkins R.A., Rhoton S., Behr-Andres C. Comparative Marine Toxicity Testing: A Cold-Water Species and Standard Warm-Water Test Species Exposed to Crude Oil and Dispersant. Cold Reg Sci Technol 2005, 226.
    • (2005) Cold Reg Sci Technol , vol.226
    • Perkins, R.A.1    Rhoton, S.2    Behr-Andres, C.3
  • 242
    • 34547652404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short and Long Term Toxicity of Crude Oil and Oil Dispersants to Two Representative Coral Species
    • Shafir S., Van Rijn J., Rinkevich B. Short and Long Term Toxicity of Crude Oil and Oil Dispersants to Two Representative Coral Species. Environ Sci Technol 2007, 5571.
    • (2007) Environ Sci Technol , vol.5571
    • Shafir, S.1    Van Rijn, J.2    Rinkevich, B.3
  • 243
    • 68149168026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of Biological Effects of Water Accommodated Fractions of Chemically- and Physically-Dispersed Oil on Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Traits of Juvenile Snapping Turtles Following Embryonic Exposure
    • Rowe C.L., Mitchelmore C.L., Baker J.L. Lack of Biological Effects of Water Accommodated Fractions of Chemically- and Physically-Dispersed Oil on Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Traits of Juvenile Snapping Turtles Following Embryonic Exposure. Sci Tot Environ 2009, 5344.
    • (2009) Sci Tot Environ , vol.5344
    • Rowe, C.L.1    Mitchelmore, C.L.2    Baker, J.L.3
  • 244
    • 67649743462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemical Changes in Rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli, Exposed to Dispersed Crude Oil
    • Jung J.H., Yim U.H., Han G.M., Shim W.J. Biochemical Changes in Rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli, Exposed to Dispersed Crude Oil. Comp Biochem Phys C 2009, 218.
    • (2009) Comp Biochem Phys C , vol.218
    • Jung, J.H.1    Yim, U.H.2    Han, G.M.3    Shim, W.J.4
  • 245
    • 62749121137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oil Dispersion Increases the Apparent Bioavailability and Toxicity of Diesel to Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
    • Schein A., Scott J.A., Mos L., Hodson P.V. Oil Dispersion Increases the Apparent Bioavailability and Toxicity of Diesel to Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Environ Tox Chem 2009, 595.
    • (2009) Environ Tox Chem , vol.595
    • Schein, A.1    Scott, J.A.2    Mos, L.3    Hodson, P.V.4
  • 246
    • 64149129871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune Function in the Arctic Scallop, Chlamys islandica, Following Dispersed Oil Exposure
    • Hannam M.L., Bamber S.D., Moody J.A., Galloway T.S., Jones M.B. Immune Function in the Arctic Scallop, Chlamys islandica, Following Dispersed Oil Exposure. Aquat Toxicol 2009, 187.
    • (2009) Aquat Toxicol , vol.187
    • Hannam, M.L.1    Bamber, S.D.2    Moody, J.A.3    Galloway, T.S.4    Jones, M.B.5
  • 247
    • 0037374867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity to Freshwater Organisms from Oils and Oil Spill Chemical Treatments in Laboratory Microcosms
    • Bhattacharyya S., Klerks P.L., Nyman J.A. Toxicity to Freshwater Organisms from Oils and Oil Spill Chemical Treatments in Laboratory Microcosms. Environ Pollut 2003, 205.
    • (2003) Environ Pollut , vol.205
    • Bhattacharyya, S.1    Klerks, P.L.2    Nyman, J.A.3
  • 248
    • 18244368225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative Toxicity of Two Oil Dispersants, Superdispersant-25 and Corexit 9527, to a Range of Coastal Species
    • Scarlett A., Galloway T.S., Canty M., Smith E.L., Nilsson J. Comparative Toxicity of Two Oil Dispersants, Superdispersant-25 and Corexit 9527, to a Range of Coastal Species. Environ Tox Chem 2005, 1219.
    • (2005) Environ Tox Chem , vol.1219
    • Scarlett, A.1    Galloway, T.S.2    Canty, M.3    Smith, E.L.4    Nilsson, J.5
  • 249
    • 0037370808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photoenhanced Toxicity of Aqueous Phase and Chemically Dispersed Weathered Alaska North Slope Crude Oil to Pacific Herring Eggs and Larvae
    • Barron M.G., Carls M.G., Short J.W., Rice S.D. Photoenhanced Toxicity of Aqueous Phase and Chemically Dispersed Weathered Alaska North Slope Crude Oil to Pacific Herring Eggs and Larvae. Environ Tox Chem 2003, 650.
    • (2003) Environ Tox Chem , vol.650
    • Barron, M.G.1    Carls, M.G.2    Short, J.W.3    Rice, S.D.4
  • 250
    • 34047266174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Toxicological Impacts of Oil and Chemically Dispersed Oil: UV Mediated Phototoxicity and Implications for Environmental Effects, Statutory Testing and Response Strategies
    • Kirby M.F., Lyons B.P., Barry J., Law R.J. The Toxicological Impacts of Oil and Chemically Dispersed Oil: UV Mediated Phototoxicity and Implications for Environmental Effects, Statutory Testing and Response Strategies. Mar Pollut Bull 2007, 464.
    • (2007) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.464
    • Kirby, M.F.1    Lyons, B.P.2    Barry, J.3    Law, R.J.4
  • 251
    • 77955629459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperative Aquatic Toxicity Testing of Dispersed Oil and the Chemical Response to Oil Spills: Ecological Effects Research Forum (CROSERF)
    • Ecosystem Management & Associates, Inc., Lusby MD. Technical Report 05-03
    • Aurand D, Coehlo G, editors. Cooperative Aquatic Toxicity Testing of Dispersed Oil and the Chemical Response to Oil Spills: Ecological Effects Research Forum (CROSERF), Ecosystem Management & Associates, Inc., Lusby MD. Technical Report 05-03, 2005. http://www.ecosystem-management.net/c/7/project-reports.
    • (2005)
    • Aurand, D.1    Coehlo, G.2
  • 252
    • 0041916141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical Evaluation of CROSERF Test Methods For Oil Dispersant Toxicity Testing Under Subarctic Conditions
    • Barron M.G., Ka'aihue L. Critical Evaluation of CROSERF Test Methods For Oil Dispersant Toxicity Testing Under Subarctic Conditions. Mar Pollut Bull 2003, 1191.
    • (2003) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.1191
    • Barron, M.G.1    Ka'aihue, L.2
  • 254
    • 0036692505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodegradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons at Low Temperature in the Presence of the Dispersant Corexit 9500
    • Lindstrom J.E., Braddock J.F. Biodegradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons at Low Temperature in the Presence of the Dispersant Corexit 9500. Mar Pollut Bull 2002, 739.
    • (2002) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.739
    • Lindstrom, J.E.1    Braddock, J.F.2
  • 255
    • 0042563684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersant Effectiveness in a Simulated Shallow Embayment
    • Page C., Bonner J., Fuller C., Sterling M. Dispersant Effectiveness in a Simulated Shallow Embayment. AMOP 2002, 721.
    • (2002) AMOP , vol.721
    • Page, C.1    Bonner, J.2    Fuller, C.3    Sterling, M.4
  • 256
    • 0038502088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodegradation of Dispersed Forties Crude and Alaskan North Slope Oils in Microcosms Under Simulated Marine Conditions
    • MacNaughton S.J., Swannell R., Daniel F., Bristow L. Biodegradation of Dispersed Forties Crude and Alaskan North Slope Oils in Microcosms Under Simulated Marine Conditions. Spill Sci Technol Bull 2003, 179.
    • (2003) Spill Sci Technol Bull , vol.179
    • MacNaughton, S.J.1    Swannell, R.2    Daniel, F.3    Bristow, L.4
  • 258
    • 34547699250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Chemical Additives on Hydrocarbon Disappearance and Biodegradation in Freshwater Marsh, Microcosms
    • Nyman J.A., Klerks P.L., Bhattacharyya S. Effects of Chemical Additives on Hydrocarbon Disappearance and Biodegradation in Freshwater Marsh, Microcosms. Environ Pollut 2007, 227.
    • (2007) Environ Pollut , vol.227
    • Nyman, J.A.1    Klerks, P.L.2    Bhattacharyya, S.3
  • 259
    • 34247871210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodegradability of Dispersed Crude Oil at Two Different Temperatures
    • Venosa A.D., Holder E.L. Biodegradability of Dispersed Crude Oil at Two Different Temperatures. Mar Pollut Bull 2007, 545.
    • (2007) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.545
    • Venosa, A.D.1    Holder, E.L.2
  • 260
    • 41849127770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyruvate-Utilizing Bacteria as Potential Contributors to the Food Web in the Arabian Gulf
    • Al-Sarawi H.A., Mahmoud H.M., Radwan S.S. Pyruvate-Utilizing Bacteria as Potential Contributors to the Food Web in the Arabian Gulf. Mar Bio 2008, 373.
    • (2008) Mar Bio , vol.373
    • Al-Sarawi, H.A.1    Mahmoud, H.M.2    Radwan, S.S.3
  • 261
    • 68049125088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Biocompatibility and Biodegradation of Three Different Oil Dispersants in Persian Gulf: Siri Island Water
    • Zolfaghari B.A., Mehrabian S., Emtiazjoo M., Farkhani D., Hosseini S.M. Evaluation of Biocompatibility and Biodegradation of Three Different Oil Dispersants in Persian Gulf: Siri Island Water. Journal of Environ Studies 2009, 31.
    • (2009) Journal of Environ Studies , vol.31
    • Zolfaghari, B.A.1    Mehrabian, S.2    Emtiazjoo, M.3    Farkhani, D.4    Hosseini, S.M.5
  • 262
    • 53649088134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spill Remediation by Using the Remediation Agent JE1058BS that Contains a Biosurfactant Produced by Gordonia sp. strain JE-1058
    • Saeki H., Sasaki M., Komatsu K., Miura A., Matsuda H. Spill Remediation by Using the Remediation Agent JE1058BS that Contains a Biosurfactant Produced by Gordonia sp. strain JE-1058. Bioresource Technol 2009, 572.
    • (2009) Bioresource Technol , vol.572
    • Saeki, H.1    Sasaki, M.2    Komatsu, K.3    Miura, A.4    Matsuda, H.5
  • 263
    • 84916190029 scopus 로고
    • Study of Oil Spill Dispersants: Effectiveness and Physical Studies
    • Fingas M.F., Kolakowski B., Tennyson E.J. Study of Oil Spill Dispersants: Effectiveness and Physical Studies. AMOP 1990, 265.
    • (1990) AMOP , vol.265
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Kolakowski, B.2    Tennyson, E.J.3
  • 264
    • 17444387424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Biological and Chemical Dispersants on Oil Spills
    • Abdallah S.Z., Mohamed, Ahmed F.M. Effect of Biological and Chemical Dispersants on Oil Spills. Pet Sci Technol 2005, 463.
    • (2005) Pet Sci Technol , vol.463
    • Abdallah, S.Z.1    Mohamed2    Ahmed, F.M.3
  • 265
    • 36148995929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Methods for Assessing Effectiveness of Oil Spill Treating Agents
    • Lumley T.C., Harrison S., Hollebone B.P. Evaluation of Methods for Assessing Effectiveness of Oil Spill Treating Agents. AMOP 2007, 117.
    • (2007) AMOP , vol.117
    • Lumley, T.C.1    Harrison, S.2    Hollebone, B.P.3
  • 267
    • 3543033943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors in the Dispersant Use Decision-Making Process: Historical Overview and Look to the Future
    • Etkin D.S. Factors in the Dispersant Use Decision-Making Process: Historical Overview and Look to the Future. AMOP 1998, 281.
    • (1998) AMOP , vol.281
    • Etkin, D.S.1
  • 268
    • 34447272443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Use of Chemical Dispersants to Combat Oil Spills at Sea: A Review of Practice and Research Needs in Europe
    • Chapman H., Purnell K., Law R.J., Kirby M.F. The Use of Chemical Dispersants to Combat Oil Spills at Sea: A Review of Practice and Research Needs in Europe. Mar Pollut Bull 2007, 827.
    • (2007) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.827
    • Chapman, H.1    Purnell, K.2    Law, R.J.3    Kirby, M.F.4
  • 270
    • 84882831951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ITOPF, ITOPF Internal Data Base, Private Communication, September
    • Chapman H, ITOPF, ITOPF Internal Data Base, Private Communication, September 2009.
    • (2009)
    • Chapman, H.1
  • 271
    • 84882861225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Straitimes-, December 2009.
    • Straitimes-, December 2009. http://www.straitstimes.com/Breaking%2BNews/World/Story/STIStory_420360. html.
  • 272
    • 84882861285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • accessed, December
    • http://, 25197, 25997360-12377,00.html, accessed, December 2009. http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0.
    • (2009)
  • 273
    • 84882809974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wikipedia, accessed, December 2009.
    • Wikipedia, accessed, December 2009. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Korea_oil_spill.
  • 274
    • 65249143295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NAPOLI Incident, Devon UK 2007-The Formal NCP Environment Group
    • Colcomb K. The NAPOLI Incident, Devon UK 2007-The Formal NCP Environment Group. IOSC 2008, 103.
    • (2008) IOSC , vol.103
    • Colcomb, K.1
  • 275
    • 84882816797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ITOPF, 2009.
    • ITOPF, 2009. http://www.itopf.com/information-services/data-and-statistics/case-histo ries/slist.html.
  • 276
    • 84882913602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visayas, December 2009.
    • Visayas, December 2009. http://www.inquirer.net/specialfeatures/visayasoilspill/view.php%3Fdb%3D 1%26article%3D20060925-22853.
  • 277
    • 84882912057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hindu 2, December 2009.
    • Hindu 2, December 2009. http://www.hindu.com/2006/06/03/stories/2006060303360300.htm.
  • 279
    • 84882835472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hindu, December 2009.
    • Hindu, December 2009. http://www.hindu.com/2000/06/25/stories/0425210p.htm.
  • 280
    • 84882872272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EnviroNEWs, September 1999, Soapy Soup from Sri Lanka Spill Kills Fishery, oo, December 1999.
    • EnviroNEWs, September 1999, Soapy Soup from Sri Lanka Spill Kills Fishery, oo, December 1999. http://ens.lycos.com/ens/sep99/1999L-09-23-01.html.
  • 281
    • 84882909482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OSIR. Cutter Information Corporation, Arlington, MA, (Issue numbers and dates listed in Table 12)
    • OSIR Oil Spill Intelligence Report 1989-1999, Cutter Information Corporation, Arlington, MA, (Issue numbers and dates listed in Table 12).
    • Oil Spill Intelligence Report 1989-1999
  • 282
    • 84882895011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communication to Lewis A
    • Aurand D
    • Fiocco R, Communication to Lewis A, Aurand D, 1996.
    • (1996)
    • Fiocco, R.1
  • 283
    • 33646030315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Net Environmental Benefit of a Successful Dispersant Operation at the Sea Empress Incident
    • Lunel T., Rusin J., Bailey N., Halliwell C., Davies L. The Net Environmental Benefit of a Successful Dispersant Operation at the Sea Empress Incident. IOSC 1997, 184.
    • (1997) IOSC , vol.184
    • Lunel, T.1    Rusin, J.2    Bailey, N.3    Halliwell, C.4    Davies, L.5
  • 286
    • 84882896372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Oil Spill Case Histories 1967-1991: Summaries of Significant U.S. and International Spills, Report No. HMRAD 92-11, NOAA Hazardous Materials Response and Assessment Division, Seattle, WA, 1992.
    • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Oil Spill Case Histories 1967-1991: Summaries of Significant U.S. and International Spills, Report No. HMRAD 92-11, NOAA Hazardous Materials Response and Assessment Division, Seattle, WA, 1992.
  • 287
    • 70449635751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council (PWSRCAC), Anchorage, Alaska
    • Gilson D. Report on the Non-Mechanical Response for the T/V Exxon Valdez Oil Spill 2006, Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council (PWSRCAC), Anchorage, Alaska. http://www.pwsrcac.org/projects/EnvMonitor/dispers.html.
    • (2006) Report on the Non-Mechanical Response for the T/V Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
    • Gilson, D.1
  • 288
    • 84882854950 scopus 로고
    • Dispersants: A Review of Effectiveness Measures, and Studies
    • December 1989, Reston, VA, sponsored by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, DC, 18
    • Fingas MF. Dispersants: A Review of Effectiveness Measures, and Studies, Proceedings of a Dispersant Workshop, December 1989, Reston, VA, sponsored by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, DC, 18, 1989.
    • (1989) Proceedings of a Dispersant Workshop
    • Fingas, M.F.1
  • 291
    • 33646044057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of Natural Oil Seeps for Evaluation of Dispersant Application and Monitoring Techniques
    • IOSC, American Petroleum Institute, Washington, DC
    • Payne JR, Allen AA, Use of Natural Oil Seeps for Evaluation of Dispersant Application and Monitoring Techniques, IOSC, American Petroleum Institute, Washington, DC, 241, 2005.
    • (2005) , vol.241
    • Payne, J.R.1    Allen, A.A.2
  • 292
    • 65249116337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency of Dispersant Use Worldwide
    • Steen A., Findlay A. Frequency of Dispersant Use Worldwide. IOSC 2008, 645.
    • (2008) IOSC , vol.645
    • Steen, A.1    Findlay, A.2
  • 293
    • 1242327294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exxon Production Research Company, Houston, TX
    • Exxon Oil Spill Response Field Manual 2002, Exxon Production Research Company, Houston, TX.
    • (2002) Oil Spill Response Field Manual
  • 296
    • 84882816444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ASTM Guide for Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment; Boom and Nozzle Systems, F-1413-07. West Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials; 2007.
    • ASTM Guide for Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment; Boom and Nozzle Systems, F-1413-07. West Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials; 2007.
  • 297
    • 84882904332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ASTM Standard Test Method for Determination of Deposition of Aerially-Applied Oil Spill Dispersants, F-1738-07. West Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials; 2007.
    • ASTM Standard Test Method for Determination of Deposition of Aerially-Applied Oil Spill Dispersants, F-1738-07. West Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials; 2007.
  • 298
    • 22944437153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of the Visibility of Oil Slicks and Oil Discharges on Water
    • Fingas M.F., Brown C.E. Review of the Visibility of Oil Slicks and Oil Discharges on Water. AMOP 1998, 819.
    • (1998) AMOP , vol.819
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Brown, C.E.2
  • 299
    • 0019655146 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of Aerial Application of Oil Spill Dispersants
    • Smedley J.B. Assessment of Aerial Application of Oil Spill Dispersants. IOSC 1981, 253.
    • (1981) IOSC , vol.253
    • Smedley, J.B.1
  • 300
    • 0029484531 scopus 로고
    • The Technology Windows-of-Opportunity for Marine Oil Spill Response as Related to Oil Weathering and Operations
    • Nordvik A. The Technology Windows-of-Opportunity for Marine Oil Spill Response as Related to Oil Weathering and Operations. Spill Sci Technol Bull 1995, 17.
    • (1995) Spill Sci Technol Bull , vol.17
    • Nordvik, A.1
  • 301
    • 77955240354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using Dispersants to Treat Oil Slicks at Sea: Airborne and Shipborne Treatment Response Manual
    • editor.
    • Cedre F. Merlin, editor. Using Dispersants to Treat Oil Slicks at Sea: Airborne and Shipborne Treatment Response Manual, 2005. http://www.cedre.fr.
    • (2005)
    • Merlin, C.F.1
  • 302
    • 70449644760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Senes Consulting for the South American Petroleum Association, Ottawa, ON
    • Fingas M.F. A Guide to Chemical Dispersion 2005, Senes Consulting for the South American Petroleum Association, Ottawa, ON.
    • (2005) A Guide to Chemical Dispersion
    • Fingas, M.F.1
  • 305
    • 34447098600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Chemical Dispersants and Mineral Fines on Crude Oil Dispersion in a Wave Tank under Breaking Waves
    • Li Z., Kepkay P., Lee K., King T., Boufadel M.C., Venosa A.D. Effects of Chemical Dispersants and Mineral Fines on Crude Oil Dispersion in a Wave Tank under Breaking Waves. Mar Pollut Bull 2007, 983.
    • (2007) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.983
    • Li, Z.1    Kepkay, P.2    Lee, K.3    King, T.4    Boufadel, M.C.5    Venosa, A.D.6
  • 306
    • 3543063549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of Response, Socioeconomic, and Natural Resource Damage Costs for Hypothetical Oil Spill Scenarios in San Francisco Bay
    • Etkin D.S., French McCay D., Whittier N., Sankaranarayanan S., Jennings J. Modeling of Response, Socioeconomic, and Natural Resource Damage Costs for Hypothetical Oil Spill Scenarios in San Francisco Bay. AMOP 2002, 1075.
    • (2002) AMOP , vol.1075
    • Etkin, D.S.1    French McCay, D.2    Whittier, N.3    Sankaranarayanan, S.4    Jennings, J.5
  • 307
    • 33646032725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the Consequences of Various Response Options Using Modeling of Fate, Effects, and NRDA Costs of Oil Spills into Washington Waters
    • French-McCay D., Rowe J.J., Whittier N., Sankaranarayanan S., Etkin D.S., Pilkey-Jarvis L. Evaluation of the Consequences of Various Response Options Using Modeling of Fate, Effects, and NRDA Costs of Oil Spills into Washington Waters. IOSC 2005.
    • (2005) IOSC
    • French-McCay, D.1    Rowe, J.J.2    Whittier, N.3    Sankaranarayanan, S.4    Etkin, D.S.5    Pilkey-Jarvis, L.6
  • 308
    • 33750252268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling Potential Impacts of Effective Dispersant Use on Aquatic Biota
    • French McCay D., Nordhausen W., Payne J.R., Rowe J.J. Modeling Potential Impacts of Effective Dispersant Use on Aquatic Biota. AMOP 2006, 855.
    • (2006) AMOP , vol.855
    • French McCay, D.1    Nordhausen, W.2    Payne, J.R.3    Rowe, J.J.4
  • 309
    • 65249134877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersed Oil Transport Modeling Calibrated by Field-Collected Data Measuring Fluorescein Dye Dispersion
    • French-McCay D., Mueller C., Payne J., Terrill E., Otero M., Kim S.Y., et al. Dispersed Oil Transport Modeling Calibrated by Field-Collected Data Measuring Fluorescein Dye Dispersion. IOSC 2008, 527.
    • (2008) IOSC , vol.527
    • French-McCay, D.1    Mueller, C.2    Payne, J.3    Terrill, E.4    Otero, M.5    Kim, S.Y.6
  • 313
    • 65249184958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary of Studies of Corexit Dispersant Droplet Impact Behavior into Oil Slicks and Dispersant Droplet Evaporation
    • Ebert T.A., Downer R., Clark J., Huber C.A. Summary of Studies of Corexit Dispersant Droplet Impact Behavior into Oil Slicks and Dispersant Droplet Evaporation. IOSC 2008, 797.
    • (2008) IOSC , vol.797
    • Ebert, T.A.1    Downer, R.2    Clark, J.3    Huber, C.A.4
  • 314
    • 11244288257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weather Windows for Oil Spill Countermeasures
    • Fingas M.F., Ka'aihue L. Weather Windows for Oil Spill Countermeasures. AMOP 2004, 881.
    • (2004) AMOP , vol.881
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Ka'aihue, L.2
  • 315
    • 77955255822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuka, Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council (PWSRCAC), Anchorage, AK
    • Nuka Non-Mechanical Response Gap Estimate for Two Operating Areas in Prince William Sound 2008, Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council (PWSRCAC), Anchorage, AK. http://www.pwsrcac.org/projects/EnvMonitor/dispers.html.
    • (2008) Non-Mechanical Response Gap Estimate for Two Operating Areas in Prince William Sound
  • 316
    • 33750208668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Effectiveness of Oil Spill Dispersants on Alaskan North Slope Crude Oils Under Various Temperature and Salinity Regimes
    • Fingas M.F., Fieldhouse B., Wang Z. The Effectiveness of Oil Spill Dispersants on Alaskan North Slope Crude Oils Under Various Temperature and Salinity Regimes. AMOP 2006, 821.
    • (2006) AMOP , vol.821
    • Fingas, M.F.1    Fieldhouse, B.2    Wang, Z.3
  • 318
    • 33646024304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vessel Dispersant Application in Oil Spill Response
    • Motolenich K.M., Clark J.R. Vessel Dispersant Application in Oil Spill Response. IOSC 2005.
    • (2005) IOSC
    • Motolenich, K.M.1    Clark, J.R.2
  • 319
    • 84882885301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical Innovation in Light Aircraft Dispersant Application Systems
    • Salt D., Stockham R., Byers S. Technical Innovation in Light Aircraft Dispersant Application Systems. IOSC 2003.
    • (2003) IOSC
    • Salt, D.1    Stockham, R.2    Byers, S.3
  • 320
    • 35948946603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basin-Scale Testing of ASD Icebreaker Enhanced Chemical Dispersion of Oil Spills
    • Nedwed T., Belore R., Spring W., Blanchet D. Basin-Scale Testing of ASD Icebreaker Enhanced Chemical Dispersion of Oil Spills. AMOP 2007, 151.
    • (2007) AMOP , vol.151
    • Nedwed, T.1    Belore, R.2    Spring, W.3    Blanchet, D.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.