Magnetizations in Rocks and Minerals

Treatise on Geophysics

Volumn 5, Issue , 2007, Pages 277-336

  Dunlop, D J ^a   Özdemir, Ö ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Chemical remanence (CRM); Curie Temperatures; Demagnetization methods; Depositional remanences (DRM's); Domain state tests; Hysteresis; Magnetic domains; Magnetic minerals; Magnetism; Paleomagnetic stability; Remanent magnetizations; Susceptibility; Thellier paleointensity method; Thermoremanence (TRM); Viscous remanence (VRM)

Indexed keywords

EID: 84882886407     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-044452748-6.00093-6     Document Type: Chapter

References (195)

1. Argyle K.S., Dunlop D.J. Low-temperature and high-temperature hysteresis of small multidomain magnetites (215-540nm). Journal of Geophysical Research 1990, 95:7069-7083.
2. Banerjee S.K. Environmental magnetism of nanophase iron minerals: Testing the biomineralization pathway. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 2006, 154:210-221.
3. Berquó T.S., Banerjee S.K., Ford R.G., Lee Penn R. High crystallinity Si-ferrihydrite: As insight into its Néel temperature and size dependence of magnetic properties. Journal of Geophysical Research 2007, 112:B02102. 10.1029/2006JB004583.
4. Biggin A.J., Böhnel H.N. A method to reduce the curvature of Arai plots produced during Thellier palaeointensity experiments performed on multidomain grains. Geophysical Journal International 2003, 155:F13-F19.
5. Bina M., Daly L. Mineralogical change and self-reversed magnetizations in pyrrhotite resulting from partial oxidation; geophysical implications. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1994, 85:83-99.
6. Bowles J., Gee J.S., Kent D.V., Bergmanis E., Sinton J. Cooling rate effects on paleointensity estimates in submarine basaltic glass and implications for dating young flows. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 2005, 6:Q07002. 10.1029/2004GC000900.
7. Boyd J.R., Fuller M., Halgedahl S.L. Domain wall nucleation as a controlling factor in the behaviour of fine magnetic particles in rocks. Geophysical Research Letters 1984, 11:193-196.
8. Brachfeld S.A., Banerjee S.K. A new high-resolution geomagnetic relative paleointensity record for the North American Holocene: A comparison of sedimentary and absolute intensity data. Journal of Geophysical Research 2000, 105:821-834.
9. 4. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1988, 52:147-154.
10. Butler R.F., Banerjee S.K. Theoretical single-domain grain-size range in magnetite and titanomagnetite. Journal of Geophysical Research 1975, 80:4049-4058.
11. Butler R.F., Banerjee S.K. Single-domain grain-size limits for metallic iron. Journal of Geophysical Research 1975, 80:252-259.
12. Carlut J., Horen H., Janots D. Impact of microorganisms activity on the natural remanent magnetization of the young oceanic crust. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2007, 253:497-506.
13. Carmichael R.S. Magnetic properties of minerals and rocks. Handbook of Physical Properties of Rocks 1982, vol. 2:229-287. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, ch. 2. R.S. Carmichael (Ed.).
14. Carter-Stiglitz B., Banerjee S.K., Gourlan A., Oches E. A multi-proxy study of Argentina loess: Marine oxygen isotope stage 4 and 5 environmental record from pedogenic hematite. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 2006, 239:45-62.
15. Carter-Stiglitz B., Moskowitz B., Jackson M. Unmixing magnetic assemblage and the magnetic behavior of bimodal mixtures. Journal of Geophysical Research 2001, 106:26397-26411.
16. Carvallo C., Dunlop D.J., Özdemir Ö. Experimental comparison of FORC and remanent Preisach diagrams. Geophysical Journal International 2005, 162:747-754.
17. Carvallo C., Özdemir Ö., Dunlop D.J. First-order reversal curve (FORC) diagrams of elongated single-domain grains at high and low temperatures. Journal of Geophysical Research 2004, 109:B04105. 10.1029/2003JB002539.
18. Clarke R.S., Scott E.R.D. Tetrataenite - ordered FeNi, a new mineral in meteorites. American Mineralogist 1980, 65:624-630.
19. Cottrell R.D., Tarduno J.A. In search of high-fidelity geomagnetic paleointensities: A comparison of single plagioclase crystal and whole rock Thellier-Thellier analyses. Journal of Geophysical Research 2000, 105:23579-23594.
20. Davis K.E. Magnetite rods in plagioclase as the primary carrier of stable NRM in ocean floor gabbros. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1981, 55:190-198.
21. Day R. TRM and its variation with grain size. Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity 1977, 29:233-265.
22. Day R., Fuller M., Schmidt V.A. Hysteresis parameters of titanomagnetites: Grain size and composition dependence. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1977, 13:260-267.
23. Dekkers M.J. Magnetic properties of natural pyrrhotite. I. Behaviour of initial susceptibility and saturation-magnetization-related rock-magnetic parameters in a grain-size dependent framework. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1988, 52:376-393.
24. rs and TRM as a function of grain size. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1989, 57:266-283.
25. Dekkers M.J., Mattéi J.-L., Fillion G., Rochette P. Grain-size dependence of the magnetic behaviour of pyrrhotite during its low-temperature transition at 34K. Geophysical Research Letters 1989, 16:855-858.
26. 4): A comparison of theory with magnetosome observations. Journal of Geophysical Research 1992, 97:17309-17315.
27. Dodson M.H., McClelland-Brown E. Magnetic blocking temperature of single domain grains during slow cooling. Journal of Geophysical Research 1980, 85:2625-2637.
28. Draeger U., Prévot M., Poidras T., Riisager J. Single-domain chemical, thermochemical and thermal remanences in a basaltic rock. Geophysical Journal International 2006, 166:12-32.
29. Dunin-Borkowski R.E., McCartney M.R., Frankel R.B., Bazylinski D.A., Pósfai M., Buseck P.R. Magnetic microstructure of magnetotactic bacteria by electron holography. Science 1998, 282:1868-1870.
30. Dunlop D.J. Hysteresis properties of magnetite and their dependence on particle size: A test of pseudo-single-domain remanence models. Journal of Geophysical Research 1986, 91:9569-9584.
31. Dunlop D.J. Magnetism in rocks. Journal of Geophysical Research 1995, 100:2161-2174.
32. c), 1. Theoretical curves and tests using titanomagnetite data. Journal of Geophysical Research 2002, 107(B3):2056. 10.1029/2001JB000486.
33. c), 2. Application to data for rocks, sediments, and soils. Journal of Geophysical Research 2002, 107(B3):2057. 10.1029/2001JB000487.
34. Dunlop D.J. Stepwise and continuous low-temperature demagnetization. Geophysical Research Letters 2003, 30(11):1582. 10.1029/2003GL017268.
35. Dunlop D.J. Partial thermoremanent magnetization: Louis Néel's legacy in rock magnetism. Journal of Applied Physics 2003, 93:8236-8240.
36. Dunlop D.J. Magnetization, viscous remanent. Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism 2007, Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. D. Gubbins, E. Herrero-Bervera (Eds.).
37. Dunlop D.J., Argyle K.S. Thermoremanence, anhysteretic remanence and susceptibility of submicron magnetites: Nonlinear field dependence and variation with grain size. Journal of Geophysical Research 1997, 102:20199-20210.
38. Dunlop D.J., Arkani-Hamed J. Magnetic minerals in the Martian crust. Journal of Geophysical Research 2005, 110:E12S04. 10.1029/2005JE002404.
39. Dunlop D.J., Kletetschka G. Multidomain hematite: A source of planetary magnetic anomalies?. Geophysical Research Letters 2000, 28:3345-3348.
40. Dunlop D.J., Özdemir Ö. Rock Magnetism: Fundamentals and Frontiers 1997, Cambridge University Press, New York.
41. Dunlop D.J., Özdemir Ö. Effect of grain size and domain state on thermal demagnetization tails. Geophysical Research Letters 2000, 27:1311-1314.
42. Dunlop D.J., Özdemir Ö. Beyond Néel's theories: Thermal demagnetization of narrow-band partial thermoremanent magnetizations. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 2001, 126:43-57.
43. 8) and their use in estimating paleotemperature. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2000, 176:107-116.
44. Dunlop D.J., Özdemir Ö., Rancourt D.G. Magnetism of biotite crystals. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2006, 243:805-819.
45. Dunlop D.J., Prévot M. Magnetic properties and opaque mineralogy of drilled submarine intrusive rocks. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 1982, 69:763-802.
46. Dunlop D.J., Schmidt P.W., Özdemir Ö., Clark D.A. Paleomagnetism and paleothermometry of the Sydney Basin. 1. Thermoviscous and chemical overprinting of the Milton Monzonite. Journal of Geophysical Research 1997, 102:27271-27283.
47. Dunlop D.J., Waddington E.D. The field dependence of thermoremanent magnetization in igneous rocks. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1975, 25:11-25.
48. Dunlop D.J., West G.F. An experimental evaluation of single domain theories. Reviews of Geophysics 1969, 7:709-757.
49. Dunlop D.J., Xu S. Theory of partial thermoremanent magnetization in multidomain grains. 1. Repeated identical barriers to wall motion (single microcoercivity). Journal of Geophysical Research 1994, 99:9005-9023.
50. Dunlop D.J., Zhang B., Özdemir Ö. Linear and non-linear Thellier paleintensity behavior of natural minerals. Journal of Geophysical Research 2005, 110:B01103. 10.1029/2004JB003095.
51. Dzyaloshinsky I. A thermodynamic theory of 'weak' ferromagnetism of antiferromagnetics. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 1958, 4:241-255.
52. Egli R. Analysis of the field dependence of remanent magnetization curves. Journal of Geophysical Research 2003, 108(B2):2081. 10.1029/2001JB002023.
53. Egli R., Lowrie W. Anhysteretic remanent magnetization of fine magnetic particles. Journal of Geophysical Research 2002, 107(B10):2209. 10.1029/2001JB000671.
54. Enkin R.J., Williams W. Three-dimensional micromagnetic analysis of stability in fine magnetic grains. Journal of Geophysical Research 1994, 99:611-618.
55. Evans M.E., Heller F. Environmental Magnetism: Principles and Applications of Enviromagnetics 2003, Academic Press, London.
56. Evans M.E., McElhinny M.W. An investigation of the origin of stable remanence in magnetite-bearing rocks. Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity 1969, 21:757-773.
57. Evans M.E., Wayman M.L. An investigation of small magnetic particles by means of electron microscopy. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1970, 9:365-370.
58. Fabian K. Acquisition of thermoremanent magnetization in weak magnetic fields. Geophysical Journal International 2000, 142:478-486.
59. Fabian K. A theoretical treatment of paleointensity determination experiments on rocks containing pseudo-single or multidomain magnetic particles. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2001, 188:45-58.
60. Fabian K. Some additional parameters to estimate domain state from isothermal magnetization measurements. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2003, 213:337-345.
61. Fabian K., Hubert A. Shape-induced pseudo-single-domain remanence. Geophysical Journal International 1999, 138:717-726.
62. Fabian K., Kirchner A., Williams W., Heider F., Leibl T., Hubert A. Three-dimensional micromagnetic calculations for magnetite using FFT. Geophysical Journal International 1996, 124:89-104.
63. Fabian K., von Dobeneck T. Isothermal magnetization of samples with stable Preisach function: A survey of hysteresis, remanence, and rock magnetic parameters. Journal of Geophysical Research 1997, 102:17659-17677.
64. Feinberg J.M., Scott G.R., Renne P.R., Wenk H.-R. Exsolved magnetite inclusions in silicates: Features determining their remanence behavior. Geology 2005, 33:513-516.
65. Foss S., Moskowitz B.M., Proksch R., Dahlberg E.D. Domain wall structures in single-crystal magnetite investigated by magnetic force microscopy. Journal of Geophysical Research 1998, 103:30551-30560.
66. Fox J.M.W., Aitken M.J. Cooling-rate dependence of thermoremanent magnetisation. Nature 1980, 283:462-463.
67. Frandsen C., Stipp S.L.S., McEnroe S.A., Madsen M.B., Knudsen J.M. Magnetic domain structures and stray fields of individual elongated magnetite grains revealed by magnetic force microscopy (MFM). Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 2004, 141:121-129.
68. Gapeyev A.K., Tsel'movich V.A. Microstructure of synthetic titanomagnetite oxidized at high partial pressures of oxygen (translated from Russian). Izvestiya. Physics of the Solid Earth 1983, 19:983-986.
69. Gendler T.S., Shcherbakov V.P., Dekkers M.J., Gapeev A.K., Gribov S.K., McClelland E. The lepidocrocite-maghemite-haematite reaction chain - I. Acquisition of chemical remanent magnetization by maghemite, its magnetic properties and thermal stability. Geophysical Journal International 2005, 160:815-832.
70. Grommé C.S., Wright T.L., Peck D.L. Magnetic properties and oxidation of iron-titanium oxide minerals in Alae and Makaopuhi lava lakes, Hawaii. Journal of Geophysical Research 1969, 74:5277-5293.
71. Guyodo Y., Banerjee S.K., Lee Penn R., et al. Magnetic properties of synthetic six-line ferrihydrite nanoparticles. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 2006, 154:222-233.
72. Haag M., Allenspach R. A novel approach to domain imaging in natural Fe/Ti oxides by spin-polarized scanning electron microscopy. Geophysical Research Letters 1993, 20:1943-1946.
73. Halgedahl S.L. Magnetic domain patterns observed on synthetic Ti-rich titanomagnetites as a function of temperature and in states of thermoremanent magnetization. Journal of Geophysical Research 1991, 96:3943-3972.
74. Halgedahl S.L., Day R., Fuller M. The effect of cooling rate on the intensity of weak-field TRM in single domain magnetite. Journal of Geophysical Research 1980, 85:3690-3698.
75. Halgedahl S.L., Fuller M. The dependence of magnetic domain structure on magnetization state with emphasis on nucleation as a mechanism for pseudo-single-domain behavior. Journal of Geophysical Research 1983, 88:6505-6522.
76. Harrison R.J., Becker U., Redfern S.A.T. Thermodynamics of the R3 to R3c phase transition in the ilmenite-hematite solid solution. American Mineralogist 2000, 85:1694-1705.
77. Harrison R.J., Dunin-Borkowski R.E., Putnis A. Direct imaging of nanoscale magnetic interactions in minerals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 2002, 99:16556-16561.
78. Heider F., Hoffmann V. Magneto-optical Kerr effect on magnetite crystals with externally applied magnetic fields. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1992, 108:131-138.
79. Heider F., Zitzelsberger A., Fabian K. Magnetic susceptibility and remanent coercive force in grown magnetite crystals from 0.1μm to 6mm. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1996, 93:239-256.
80. Heslop D., Dekkers M.J., Kruiver P.P., van Oorschot I.H.M. Analysis of isothermal remanent magnetisation acquisition curves using the expectation-maximisation algorithm. Geophysical Journal International 2002, 148:58-64.
81. Heslop D., McIntosh G., Dekkers M.J. Using time- and temperature-dependent Preisach models to investigate the limitations of modeling isothermal remanent magnetisation acquisition curves with cumulative log Gaussian functions. Geophysical Journal International 2004, 157:55-63.
82. Heslop D., Witt A., von Dobeneck T., Huhn K., Fabian K., Bleil U. Discrete element modeling of postdepositional remanent magnetization acquisition: First results. EOS Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 2004, 85(47). Fall Meeting suppl., Abstract GP21C-08 (available online).
83. Hodych J.P., Bijaksana S. Can remanence anisotropy detect paleomagnetic inclination shallowing due to compaction? A case study using Cretaceous deep-sea limestones. Journal of Geophysical Research 1993, 98:22429-22441.
84. Horng C.-S., Roberts A.P. Authigenic or detrital origin of pyrrhotite in sediments? Resolving a paleomagnetic conundrum. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2006, 241:750-762.
85. Housen B.A., Banerjee S.K., Moskowitz B.M. Low-temperature properties of siderite and magnetite in marine sediments. Geophysical Research Letters 1996, 23:2843-2846.
86. Hunt C.P., Moskowitz B.M., Banerjee S.K. Magnetic properties of rocks and minerals. Rock Physics and Phase Relations: A Handbook of Physical Constants 1995, vol. 3:189-204. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, ch. 14. T.J. Ahrens (Ed.).
87. Hus J.J. The magnetic properties of siderite concretions and the CRM of their oxidation products. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1990, 63:41-57.
88. Jackson M., Sølheid P., Carter-Stiglitz B., Rosenbaum J., Till J. Tiva Canyon Tuff: Superparamagnetic samples available. Institute of Rock Magnetism Quarterly (University of Minnesota) 2004, 14(3):9-11. 1 and.
89. Johnson E.A., Murphy T., Torreson O.W. Pre-history of the Earth's magnetic field. Terrestrial Magnetism and Atmosphric Electricity 1948, 53:349-372.
90. Kelso P.R., Banerjee S.K. Elevated temperature viscous remanent magnetization of natural and synthetic multidomain magnetite. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1994, 122:43-56.
91. Kent D.V. Post-depositional remanent magnetization in deep-sea sediment. Nature 1973, 246:32-34.
92. Magnetite Biomineralization and Magnetoreception in Organisms: A New Biomagnetism 1985, Plenum, New York. J.L. Kirschvink, D.S. Jones, B.J. MacFadden (Eds.).
93. Kletetschka G., Acuña M.H., Kohout T., Wasilewski P.J., Connerney J.E.P. An empirical scaling law for acquisition of thermoremanent magnetization. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2004, 226:521-528.
94. Kletetschka G., Wasilewski P.J., Taylor P.T. Unique thermoremanent magnetization of multidomain hematite: Implications for magnetic anomalies. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2000, 176:469-479.
95. Kletetschka G., Wasilewski P.J., Taylor P.T. Hematite vs. magnetite as the signature for planetary magnetic anomalies. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 2000, 119:259-267.
96. Kneller E.F., Luborsky F.E. Particle size dependence of coercivity and remanence of single-domain particles. Journal of Applied Physics 1963, 34:656-658.
97. Kodama K.P. Depositional remanent magnetization. Encyclopedia of Earth System Science 1992, vol. 2:47-54. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. W.A. Nierenberg (Ed.).
98. Kodama K.P., Sun W.W. Magnetic anisotropy as a correction for compaction-caused palaeomagnetic inclination shallowing. Geophysical Journal International 1992, 111:465-469.
99. Lagroix F., Banerjee S.K., Moskowitz B.M. Revisiting the mechanism of self reversed thermoremanent magnetization based on observations from synthetic ferrian ilmenite (y=0.7). Journal of Geophysical Research 2004, 109:B12108. 10.1029/2004JB003076.
100. Lanci L., Kent D.V. Introduction of thermal activation in forward modeling of hysteresis loops for single-domain magnetic particles and implications for the interpretation of the Day diagram. Journal of Geophysical Research 2003, 108(B3):2142. 10.1029/2001JB000944.
101. Leonhardt R. Analyzing rock magnetic measurements: The RockMagAnalyzer 1.0 software. Computers and Geosciences 2006, 32:1420-1431.
102. Leonhardt R., Krása D., Coe R.S. Multidomain behavior during Thellier paleointensity experiments: A phenomenological model. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 2004, 147:127-140.
103. Lorand J.-P., Chevrier V., Sautter V. Sulphide mineralogy and redox conditions in some shergottites. Meteoritics and Planetary Science 2005, 40:1257-1272.
104. Løvlie R. The intensity pattern of post-depositional remanence acquired in some marine sediments deposited during a reversal of the external magnetic field. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1976, 30:209-214.
105. Maher B.A., Karloukovski V.V., Mutch T.J. High-field remanence properties of synthetic and natural submicrometre haematites and goethites: Significance for environmental contexts. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2004, 226:491-505.
106. McEnroe S.A., Langenhorst F., Robinson P., Bromiley G.D., Shaw C.S.J. What is magnetic in the lower crust?. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2004, 226:175-192.
107. Menyeh A., O'Reilly W. Thermoremanence in monoclinic pyrrhotite particles containing few domains. Geophysical Research Letters 1998, 25:3461-3464.
108. Moskowitz B.M. Fundamental physical constants and conversion factors. Rock Physics and Phase Relations: A Handbook of Physical Constants 1995, vol. 1:346-355. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, ch. 23. T.J. Ahrens (Ed.).
109. Moskowitz B.M., Halgedahl S.L., Lawson C.A. Magnetic domains on unpolished and polished surfaces of titanium-rich titanomagnetite. Journal of Geophysical Research 1988, 93:3372-3386.
110. Moskowitz B.M., Jackson M., Kissel C. Low-temperature behavior of titanomagnetites. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1998, 157:141-149.
111. Murthy G.S., Evans M.E., Gough D.I. Evidence of single-domain magnetite in the Michikamau anorthosite. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 1971, 8:361-370.
112. Muxworthy A., Heslop D., Williams W. Influence of magnetostatic interactions on first-order-reversal-curve (FORC) diagrams: A micromagnetic approach. Geophysical Journal International 2004, 158:888-897.
113. Muxworthy A.R., Dunlop D.J. First-order reversal curve (FORC) diagrams for pseudo-single-domain magnetites at high temperature. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2002, 203:369-382.
114. Muxworthy A.R., King J.G., Heslop D. Assessing the ability of first-order reversal curve (FORC) diagrams to unravel complex magnetic signals. Journal of Geophysical Research 2005, 110:B01105. 10.1029/2004JB003195.
115. Nagata T. Meteorite magnetism and the early solar system magnetic field. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1979, 20:324-341.
116. Nagata T. Meteorite magnetization and paleointensity. Advances in Space Research 1983, 2:55-63.
117. Nagata T., Arai Y., Momose K. Secular variation of the geomagnetic total force during the last 5000 years. Journal of Geophysical Research 1963, 68:5277-5281.
118. Néel L. Propriétés magnétiques des ferrites: Ferrimagétisme et antiferromagnétisme. Annales de Physique 1948, 3:137-198.
119. Néel L. Théorie du traînage magnétique des ferromagnétiques en grains fins avec applications aux terres cuites. Annales de Géophysique 1949, 5:99-136.
120. Néel L. Remarques sur la théorie des propriétés magnétiques des substances dures. Applied Scientific Research (The Hague) B 1954, 4:13-24.
121. Néel L. Some theoretical aspects of rock magnetism. Advances in Physics 1955, 4:191-243.
122. Néel L., Pauleve J., Pauthenet R., Laugier J., Dautreppe D. Magnetic properties of an iron-nickel single crystal ordered by neutron bombardment. Journal of Applied Physics 1964, 35:873-876.
123. Newell A.J., Merrill R.T. Single-domain critical sizes for coercivity and remanence. Journal of Geophysical Research 1999, 104:617-628.
124. 4) in the 1-30μm particle size range. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 1986, 87:897-916.
125. O'Reilly W. Magnetic minerals in the crust of the Earth. Reports on Progress in Physics 1976, 39:857-908.
126. O'Reilly W. Rock and Mineral Magnetism 1984, Blackie, Glasgow and Chapman & Hall, New York.
127. ÖzdemirÖ(2007) Magnetization, thermoremanent (eds)Gubbins D, Herrero-Bervera E, Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism. Kluwer: Dordrecht, The Netherlands (in press).
128. Özdemir Ö., Dunlop D.J. An experimental study of chemical remanent magnetizations of synthetic monodomain titanomaghemites with initial thermoremanent magnetizations. Journal of Geophysical Research 1985, 90:11513-11523.
129. Özdemir Ö., Dunlop D.J. Magnetic domain structures on a natural single crystal of magnetite. Geophysical Research Letters 1993, 20:1835-1838.
130. Özdemir Ö., Dunlop D.J. Chemical remanent magnetization during γFeOOH phase transformations. Journal of Geophysical Research 1993, 98:4191-4198.
131. Özdemir Ö., Dunlop D.J. Thermoremanence and Néel temperature of goethite. Geophysical Research Letters 1996, 23:921-924.
132. Özdemir Ö., Dunlop D.J. Effect of crystal defects and internal stress on the domain structure and magnetic properties of magnetite. Journal of Geophysical Research 1997, 102:20211-20224.
133. Özdemir Ö., Dunlop D.J. Thermoremanence and stable memory of single-domain hematites. Geophysical Research Letters 2002, 29(18):1877. 10.1029/2002GL015597.
134. Özdemir Ö., Dunlop D.J. Low-temperature behavior and memory of iron-rich titanomagnetites (Mt. Haruna, Japan and Mt. Pinatubo, The Philippines). Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2003, 216:193-200.
135. Özdemir Ö., Dunlop D.J. Thermoremanent magnetization of multidomain hematite. Journal of Geophysical Research 2005, 110:B09104. 10.1029/2005JB003820.
136. Özdemir Ö., Dunlop D.J. Magnetic domain observations on magnetite crystals in biotite and hornblende grains. Journal of Geophysical Research 2006, 111:B06103. 10.1029/2005JB004090.
137. Özdemir Ö., Dunlop D.J., Moskowitz B.M. The effect of oxidation on the Verwey transition in magnetite. Geophysical Research Letters 1993, 20:1671-1674.
138. Özdemir Ö., Dunlop D.J., Moskowitz B.M. Changes in remanence, coercivity and domain state at low temperature in magnetite. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2002, 194:343-358.
139. Özdemir Ö., O'Reilly W. Magnetic hysteresis properties of synthetic monodomain titanomaghemites. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1982, 57:437-447.
140. Özdemir Ö., O'Reilly W. An experimental study of the intensity and stability of thermoremanent magnetization acquired by synthetic monodomain titanomagnetite substituted by aluminium. Geophysics Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 1982, 70:141-154.
141. Özdemir Ö., Xu S., Dunlop D.J. Closure domains in magnetite. Journal of Geophysical Research 1995, 100:2193-2209.
142. Ozima M., Funaki M. Hemoilmenite as a carrier of SRTRM in dacitic pumice from Akagi, Ontake and Sambe volcanoes, Japan. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2003, 213:311-320.
143. 4 particles studies by magnetic force microscopy. Journal of Applied Physics 2002, 91:5945-5950.
144. Pannalal S.J., Crowe S.A., Cioppa M.T., Symons D.T.A., Sturm A., Fowle D.A. Room-temperature properties of ferrihydrite: A potential magnetic remanence carrier?. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2005, 236:856-870.
145. Petersen N., von Dobeneck T., Vali H. Fossil bacterial magnetite in deep-sea sediments from the South Atlantic Ocean. Nature 1986, 320:611-615.
146. Pokhil T.G., Moskowitz B.M. Magnetic domains and domain walls in pseudo-single-domain magnetite studied with magnetic force microscopy. Journal of Geophysical Research 1997, 102:22681-22694.
147. Pozzi J.-P., Dubuisson G. High temperature viscous magnetization of oceanic deep crustal- and mantle-rocks as a partial source for Magsat magnetic anomalies. Geophysical Research Letters 1992, 19:21-24.
148. Preisach F. Über die magnetische Nachwirkung. Zeitschrift fur Physik 1935, 94:277-302.
149. Prévot M., Hoffman K.A., Goguitchaicvili A., Doukhan J.-C., Shcherbakov V., Bina M. The mechanism of self-reversal of thermoremanence in natural hemoilmenite crystals: New experimental data and model. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 2001, 126:75-92.
150. Pullaiah G., Irving E., Buchan K.L., Dunlop D.J. Magnetization changes caused by burial and uplift. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1975, 28:133-143.
151. Rave W., Fabian K., Hubert A. Magnetic states of small cubic particles with uniaxial anisotropy. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 1998, 190:332-348.
152. Renne P.R., Scott G.R., Glen J.M.G., Feinberg J.M. Oriented inclusions of magnetite in clinopyroxene: Source of stable remanent magnetization in gabbros of the Messum Complex, Namibia. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 2002, 3(12):1079. 10.1029/2002GC000319.
153. 4). Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1995, 134:227-236.
154. Roberts A.P., Pike C.P., Verosub K.L. First-order reversal curve diagrams: A new tool for characterizing the magnetic properties of natural samples. Journal of Geophysical Research 2000, 105:28461-28475.
155. Roberts A.P., Turner G.M. Diagenetic formation of ferrimagnetic iron sulphide minerals in rapidly deposited marine sediments, South Island, New Zealand. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1993, 115:257-273.
156. Robinson P., Harrison R.J., McEnroe S.A., Hargraves R.B. Lamellar magnetism in the haematite-ilmenite series as an explanation for strong remanent magnetization. Nature 2002, 418:517-520.
157. Rochette P., Fillion G., Mattéi J.-L., Dekkers M.J. Magnetic transition at 30-34 kelvin in pyrrhotite: Insight into a widespread occurrence of this mineral in rocks. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1990, 98:319-328.
158. Rochette P., Gattacceca J., et al. Matching Martian crustal magnetization and magnetic properties of Martian meteorites. Meteoritics and Planetary Science 2005, 40:529-540.
159. Rochette P., Mathé P.-E., et al. Non-saturation of the defect moment of goethite and fine-grained hematite up to 57 teslas. Geophysical Research Letters 2005, 32:L0. 10.1029/2005GL024196.
160. Rowan C.J., Roberts A.P. Magnetite dissolution, diachronous greigite formation, and secondary magnetizations from pyrite oxidation: Unravelling complex magnetizations in Neogene marine sediments from New Zealand. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2006, 241:119-137.
161. Schwarz E.J., Vaughan D.J. Magnetic phase relations of pyrrhotite. Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity 1972, 24:441-458.
162. Scott E.R.D., Fuller M. A possible source for the Martian crustal magnetic field. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2004, 220:83-90.
163. Selkin P.A., Gee J.S., Tauxe L., Meurer W.P., Newell A.J. The effect of remanence anisotropy on paleointensity estimates: A case study from the Archean Stillwater Complex. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2000, 183:403-416.
164. Soffel H.C., Appel E. Domain structure of small synthetic titanomagnetite particles and experiments with IRM and TRM. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1982, 30:348-355.
165. Stacey F.D. Thermoremanent magnetization (TRM) of multidomain grains in igneous rocks. Philosophical Magazine 1958, 3:1391-1401.
166. Stacey F.D., Banerjee S.K. The Physical Principles of Rock Magnetism 1974, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
167. Stoner E.C., Wohlfarth E.P. A mechanism of magnetic hysteresis in heterogeneous alloys. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A 1948, 240:599-642.
168. Sun W.W., Kodama K.P. Magnetic anisotropy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray pole figure goniometry study of inclination shallowing in a compacting clay-rich sediment. Journal of Geophysical Research 1992, 97:19599-19615.
169. Tauxe L. Paleomagnetic Principles and Practice 1998, Kluwer, Dordrecht.
170. Tauxe L., Kent D.V. Properties of a detrital remanence carried by haematite from study of modern river deposits and laboratory redeposition experiments. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 1984, 76:543-561.
171. Tauxe L., Pick T., Kok Y.S. Relative paleointensity in sediments: A pseudo-Thellier approach. Geophysical Research Letters 1995, 22:2885-2888.
172. Tauxe L., Steindorf J.L., Harris A. Depositional remanent magnetization: Toward an improved theoretical and experimental foundation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2006, 244:515-529.
173. Thellier E. Sur l'aimantation des terres cuites et ses applications géophysiques. Annales de l'Institut de Physique du Globe de l'Universitéde Paris 1938, 16:157-302.
174. Thomas-Keprta K.L., Bazylinski D.A., et al. Elongated prismatic magnetite crystals in ALH84001 carbonate globules. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 2000, 64:4049-4081.
175. Tucker P. A grain mobility model of post-depositional realignment. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 1980, 63:149-163.
176. Tucker P., O'Reilly W. The acquisition of thermoremanent magnetization by multidomain single-crystal titanomagnetite. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 1980, 60:21-36.
177. Uyeda S. Thermo-remanent magnetism as a medium of paleomagnetism, with special reference to reverse thermo-remanent magnetism. Japanese Journal of Geophysics 1958, 2:1-123.
178. Vali H., Förster O., Amarantidis G., Petersen N. Magnetotactic bacteria and their magnetofossils in sediments. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1987, 86:389-400.
179. Verosub K., Roberts A.P. Environmental magnetism: Past, present, and future. Journal of Geophysical Research 1995, 100:2175-2192.
180. Wasilewski P. Magnetization of small iron-nickel spheres. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1981, 26:355-377.
181. Weiss P. L'hypothèse du champ moleculaire et la propriétéferromagnétique. Journal de Physique 1907, 6:661-690.
182. Weiss B.P., Vali H., Baudenbacher F.J., Kirschvink J.L., Stewart D.L., Shuster D.L. Records of an ancient Martian magnetic field in ALH84001. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2002, 201:449-463.
183. Williams W., Enkin R.J., Milne G. Magnetic domain wall visibility in Bitter pattern imaging. Journal of Geophysical Research 1992, 97:17443-17448.
184. Wilson R.L. Palaeomagnetism in Northern Ireland. 1. The thermal demagnetization of natural magnetic moments in rocks. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 1961, 5:45-58.
185. Witt A., Heslop D., von Dobeneck T., Huhn K., Fabian K., Bleil U. Discrete element modelling of post-depositional remanent magnetization acquisition: Numerical principles. EOS Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 2004, 85(47). Fall Meeting suppl. Abstract GP23A-0172 (available online).
186. Wu Y.T., Fuller M., Schmidt V.A. Microanalysis of N.R.M. in a granodiorite intrusion. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1974, 23:275-285.
187. Xu S., Dunlop D.J. Theory of partial thermoremanent magnetization in multidomain grains. 2. Effect of microcoercivity distribution and comparison with experiment. Journal of Geophysical Research 1994, 99:9025-9033.
188. Xu S., Dunlop D.J. Thellier paleointensity theory and experiments for multidomain grains. Journal of Geophysical Research 2004, 109:B07103. 10.1029/2004JB003024.
189. York D. A formula describing both magnetic and isotopic blocking temperatures. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1978, 39:89-93.
190. York D. Magnetic blocking temperature. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1978, 39:94-97.
191. Yu Y., Dunlop D.J., Özdemir Ö. Partial anhysteretic remanent magnetization in magnetite. 1. Additivity. Journal of Geophysical Research 2002, 107(B10):2244. 10.1029/2001JB001249.
192. Yu Y., Dunlop D.J., Özdemir Ö. Partial anhysteretic remanent magnetization in magnetite. 2. Reciprocity. Journal of Geophysical Research 2002, 107(B10):2245. 10.1029/2001JB001269.
193. Yu Y., Dunlop D.J., Özdemir Ö. Testing the independence law of partial ARMs: Implications for paleointensity determination. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2003, 208:27-39.
194. Yu Y., Dunlop D.J., Özdemir Ö., Ueno H. Magnetic properties of Kurokami pumices from Mt. Sakurajima, Japan. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2001, 192:439-446.
195. Yu Y., Gee J.S. Spinel in Martian meteorite SaU 008: Implications for Martian magnetism. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2005, 232:287-294.