The human connectome: Linking structure and function in the human brain

Diffusion MRI

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 309-332

  Sporns, Olaf ^a  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Brain network; Cerebral cortex; Connectivity; Connectome; Diffusion imaging

Indexed keywords

EID: 84882464856     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-374709-9.00014-6     Document Type: Chapter

References (126)

1. Achard S, Salvador R, Whitcher B, Suckling J, Bullmore E A resilient, low-frequency, small-world human brain functional network with highly connected association cortical hubs. J Neurosci 2006, 26:63-72.
2. Albert R, Jeong H, Barabási A-L Error and attack tolerance of complex networks. Nature 2000, 406:378-382.
3. Alvarez-Hamelin I, Dall'Asta L, Barrat A, Vespignani A Large scale networks fingerprinting and visualization using the k-core decomposition. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 2006, 18:41-50. MIT Press, Cambridge. Y. Weiss, B. Scholkopf, J. Platt (Eds.).
4. Amaral LAN, Scala A, Barthelemy M, Stanley HE Classes of small-world networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000, 97:11149-11152.
5. Amaral LAN, Ottino JM Complex networks. Augmenting the framework for the study of complex systems. Eur Phys J B 2004, 38:147-162.
6. Anwander A, Tittgemeyer M, Von Cramon DY, Friederici AD, Knösche TR Connectivity-based parcellation of Broca's area. Cerebral Cortex 2007, 17:816-825.
7. Assisi CG, Jirsa VK, Kelso JAS Synchrony and clustering in heterogeneous networks with global coupling and parameter dispersion. Phys Rev Lett 2005, 94:018106.
8. Axer H, Keyserlingk D Mapping of fiber orientation in human internal capsule by means of polarized light and confocal scanning laser microscopy. J Neurosci Methods 2000, 94:165-175.
9. Axer M, Axer H, Grassel D, Amunts K, Zilles K, Pietrzyk U (2007) Nerve fiber mapping of the human visual cortex using Polarized Light Imaging (PLI). Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, 2007, NSS'07, IEEE 6, 4345-4347.
10. Bagatelj B, Mrvar A Pajek - program for large network analysis. Connections 1998, 21:47-57.
11. Bang-Jensen J, Gutin G Digraphs: Theory, Algorithms and Applications 2001, Springer, London, etc.
12. Bassett DS, Bullmore E Small-world brain networks. The Neuroscientist 2006, 12:512-523.
13. Bassett DS, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Achard S, Duke T, Bullmore E Adaptive reconfiguration of fractal small-world human brain functional networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006, 103:19518-19523.
14. Behrens TEJ, Johansen-Berg H Relating connectional architecture to grey matter function using diffusion imaging. Phil Trans R Soc B 2005, 360:903-911.
15. Bluhm RL, Miller J, Lanius RA, Osuch EA, Boksman K Spontaneous low-frequency fluctuations in the BOLD signal in schizophrenic patients: anomalies in the default network. Schizophrenia Bull 2007, 33:1004-1012.
16. Boccaletti S, Latora V, Moreno Y, Chavez M, Hwang D-U Complex networks: structure and dynamics. Phys Reports 2006, 424:175-308.
17. Boorman ED, O'Shea J, Sebastian C, Rushworth MFS, Johansen-Berg H Individual differences in white-matter microstructure reflect variation in functional connectivity during choice. Curr Biol 2007, 17:1426-1431.
18. Börner K, Sanyal S, Vespignani A Network science. Annu Rev Inform Sci Technol 2007, 41:537-607.
19. Büchel C, Friston KJ Assessing interactions among neuronal systems using functional neuroimaging. Neural Netw 2000, 13:871-882.
20. Buxton RB, Wong EC, Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation: the balloon model. Magn Reson Med 1998, 39:855-864.
21. Chartrand G, Lesniak L Graphs and Digraphs 1996, Chapman and Hall, Boca Raton.
22. Chen ZJ, He Y, Rosa-Neto P, Germann J, Evans AC Revealing modular architecture of human brain structural networks by using cortical thickness from MRI. Cerebral Cortex 2008, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn003.
23. Cohen AL, Fair DA, Dosenbach NUF, Miezin FM, Dierker D, et al. Defining functional areas in individual human brains using resting state functional connectivity MRI. Neuroimage 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.01.066.
24. Conchello J-A, Lichtman JW Optical sectioning microscopy. Nat Methods 2005, 2:920-931.
25. Conturo TE, Lori NF, Cull TS, Akbudak E, Snyder AZ, Shimony JS, McKinstry RC, Burton H, Raichle ME Tracking neuronal fiber pathways in the living human brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999, 96:10422-10427.
26. Costa L da F The hierarchical backbone of complex networks. Phys Rev Lett 2004, 93. 098702.
27. Costa L da F, Sporns O Hierarchical features of large-scale cortical connectivity. Eur J Phys B 2005, 48:567-573.
28. Darvas F, Leahy RM Functional imaging of brain activity and connectivity with MEG. Handbook of Brain Connectivity 2007, 201-219. Springer, Berlin. V.K. Jirsa, A.R. McIntosh (Eds.).
29. Dodel S, Herrmann JM, Geisel T Functional connectivity by cross-correlation clustering. Neurocomp 2002, 44:1065-1070.
30. Dodt H-U, Leischner U, Schierloh A, Jährling N, Mauch CP, Deininger K, Deussing JM, Eder M, Zieglgänsberger W, Becker K Ultramicroscopy: three-dimensional visualization of neuronal networks in the whole mouse brain. Nat Methods 2007, 4:331-336.
31. Doyle JC, Alderson DL, Li L, Low S, Roughan M, Shalmov S, Tanaka R, Willinger W The "robust yet fragile" nature of the internet. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005, 102:14497-14502.
32. Eichler M A graphical approach for evaluating effective connectivity in neural systems. Phil Trans R Soc B 2005, 360:953-967.
33. Felleman DJ, Van Essen DC Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex. Cereb Cortex 1991, 1:1-47.
34. Freeman LC A set of measures of centrality based on betweenness. Sociometry 1977, 40:35-41.
35. Freeman LC Centrality in social networks: conceptual clarification. Social Netw 1979, 1:215-239.
36. Friston KJ Functional connectivity: the principal-component analysis of large (PET) data sets. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1993, 13:5-14.
37. Friston KJ Functional and effective connectivity in neuroimaging: a synthesis. Hum Brain Mapping 1994, 2:56-78.
38. Friston KJ, Frith CD Schizophrenia: a disconnection syndrome?. Clin Neurosci 1995, 3:89-97.
39. Garrity AG, Pearlson GD, McKiernan K, Lloyd D, Kiehl KA, Calhoun VD Aberrant "default mode" functional connectivity in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2007, 164:450-457.
40. Gong G, He Y, Concha L, Lebel C, Gross DW, Evans AC, Beaulieu C Mapping anatomical connectivity patterns of human cerebral cortex using in vivo diffusion tensor imaging tractography. Cerebral Cortex 2008, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn102.
41. Granger CWJ Investigating causal relations by econometric models and cross-spectral methods. Econometrica 1969, 37:424-438.
42. Guimera R, Sales-Pardo M, Amaral LAN Classes of complex networks defined by role-to-role connectivity profiles. Nature Phys 2007, 3:63-69.
43. Hagmann P, Thiran J-P, Jonasson L, Vandergheynst P, Clarke S, Maeder P, Meuli R DTI mapping of human brain connectivity: statistical fibre tracking and virtual dissection. NeuroImage 2003, 19:545-554.
44. Hagmann P (2005) From diffusion MRI to brain connectomics [PhD thesis]. Lausanne: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), p. 127.
45. Hagmann P, Kurant M, Gigandet X, Thiran P, Wedeen VJ, et al. Mapping human whole-brain structural networks with diffusion MRI. PLoS ONE 2007, 2:e597.
46. Hagmann P, Cammoun L, Gigandet X, Meuli R, Honey CJ, Wedeen VJ, Sporns O Mapping the structural core of human cerebral cortex. PLoS Biology 2008, 6:e159.
47. Harary F Graph Theory 1969, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.
48. He Y, Chen ZJ, Evans AC Small-world anatomical networks in the human brain revealed by cortical thickness from MRI. Cerebral Cortex 2007, 17:2407-2419.
49. Hilgetag CC, Burns GA, O'Neill MA, Scannell JW, Young MP Anatomical connectivity defines the organization of clusters of cortical areas in the macaque monkey and the cat. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2000, 355:91-110.
50. Hilgetag CC, Kötter R, Stephan KE, Sporns O Computational methods for the analysis of brain connectivity. Computational Neuroanatomy - Principles and Methods 2002, 295-335. Humana Press. G.A. Ascoli (Ed.).
51. Honey CJ, Kotter R, Breakspear M, Sporns O Network structure of cerebral cortex shapes functional connectivity on multiple time scales. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007, 104:10240-10245.
52. Honey CJ, Sporns O Dynamical consequences of lesions in cortical networks. Hum Brain Mapp 2008, 29:802-809.
53. Horwitz B The elusive concept of brain connectivity. Neuroimage 2003, 19:466-470.
54. Humphries MD, Gurney K, Prescott TJ The brainstem reticular formation is a small-world, not scale-free, network. Proc Roy Soc B Biol Sci 2006, 273:503-511.
55. Iturria-Medina Y, Canales-Rodriguez EJ, Melie-Garcia L, Valdes-Hernandez PA, Martinez-Montes E, et al. Characterizing brain anatomical connections using diffusion weighted MRI and graph theory. NeuroImage 2007, 36:645-660.
56. Iturria-Medina Y, Sotero RC, Canales-Rodriguez EJ, Aleman-Gomez Y, Melie-Garcia L Studying the human brain anatomical network via diffusion-weighted MRI and graph theory. NeuroImage 2008, 40:1064-1076.
57. Izhikevich EM, Edelman GM Large-scale model of mammalian thalamocortical systems. PNAS 2008, 105:3593-3598.
58. Jirsa VK, Kelso JAS Spatiotemporal pattern formation in continuous systems with heterogeneous connection topologies. Phys Rev E 2000, 62(6):8462-8465.
59. Jirsa VK Connectivity and dynamics of neural information processing. Neuroinformatics 2004, 2:183-204.
60. Johansen-Berg H, Behrens TEJ, Robson MD, Drobnjak I, Rushworth MFS, et al. Changes in connectivity profiles define functionally distinct regions in human medial frontal cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004, 101:13335-13340.
61. Johansen-Berg H, Behrens TEJ Just pretty pictures? What diffusion tractography can add in clinical neuroscience. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2006, 19:379-385.
62. Johnston JM, Vaishnavi SN, Smyth MD, Zhang D, He BJ, et al. Loss of resting interhemispheric functional connectivity after complete section of the corpus callosum. J Neurosci 2008, 28:6453-6458.
63. Kaiser M, Hilgetag CC Edge vulnerability in neural and metabolic networks. Biol Cybern 2004, 90:311-317.
64. Kaiser M, Hilgetag CC Nonoptimal component placement, but short processing paths, due to long-distance projections in neural systems. PLoS Comput Biol 2006, 2:e95.
65. Kaiser M, Robert M, Andras P, Young MP Simulation of robustness against lesions of cortical networks. Eur J Neurosci 2007, 25:3185-3192.
66. Kamada T, Kawai S An algorithm for drawing general undirected graphs. Inf Proc Lett 1989, 31:7-15.
67. Kasthuri N, Lichtman JW The rise of the "projectome". Nature Methods 2007, 4:307-308.
68. Keinan A, Sandbank B, Hilgetag C, Neilijson I, Ruppin E Fair attribution of functional contribution in artificial and biological networks. Neural Comput 2004, 16:1889-1915.
69. Koch MA, Norris DG, Hund-Georgiadis M An investigation of functional and anatomical connectivity using magnetic resonance imaging. NeuroImage 2002, 16:241-250.
70. Kötter R, Stephan KE Network participation indices: characterizing component roles for information processing in neural networks. Neural Netw 2003, 16:1261-1275.
71. Kötter R Online retrieval, processing, and visualization of primate connectivity data from the CoCoMac database. Neuroinformatics 2004, 2:127-144.
72. Kötter R Anatomical concepts of brain connectivity. Handbook of Brain Connectivity 2007, 149-166. Springer, Berlin. V.K. Jirsa, A.R. McIntosh (Eds.).
73. Lachaux J-P, Rodriguez E, Martinerie J, Varela FJ Measuring phase-synchrony in brain signals. Hum Brain Mapp 1999, 8:194-208.
74. Latora V, Marchiori M Efficient behavior of small-world networks. Phys Rev Lett 2001, 87(19):198701-198704.
75. LeBihan D Looking into the functional architecture of the brain with diffusion MRI. Nature Rev Neurosci 2003, 4:469-480.
76. Lee L, Harrison LM, Mechelli A A report of the functional connectivity workshop, Dusseldorf 2002. NeuroImage 2003, 19:457-465.
77. Livet J, Weissman TA, Kang H, Draft RW, Lu J, Bennis RA, Sanes JR, Lichtman JW Transgenic strategies for combinatorial expression of fluorescent proteins in the nervous system. Nature 2007, 450:56-62.
78. Markram H The Blue Brain project. Nature Rev Neurosci 2006, 7:153-160.
79. McGuffie K, Henderson-Sellers A Forty years of numerical climate modeling. Intern J Climatology 2001, 21:1067-1109.
80. Mikula S, Trotts I, Stone JM, Jones EG Internet-enabled high-resolution brain mapping and virtual microscopy. NeuroImage 2007, 35:9-15.
81. Milo R, Shen-Orr S, Itzkovitz S, Kashtan N, Chklovskii D, Alon U Network motifs: simple building blocks of complex networks. Science 2002, 298:824-827.
82. Milo R, Itzkovitz S, Kashtan N, Levitt R, Shen-Orr S, Ayzenshtat I, Sheffer M, Alon U Superfamilies of evolved and designed networks. Science 2004, 303:1538-1542.
83. Morris C, Lecar H Voltage-oscillations in the barnacle giant muscle fiber. Biophys J 1981, 35:193-213.
84. Newman MEJ The structure and function of complex networks. SIAM Rev 2003, 45:167-256.
85. Newman MEJ Modularity and community structure in networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006, 103:8577-8582.
86. Passingham RE, Stephan KE, Kötter R The anatomical basis of functional localization in the cortex. Nature Rev Neurosci 2002, 3:606-616.
87. Ramnani N, Behrens TEJ, Penny W, Matthews PM New approaches for exploring anatomical and functional connectivity in the human brain. Biolog Psychi 2004, 56:613-619.
88. Reijneveld JC, Ponten SC, Berendse HW, Stam CJ The application of graph theoretical analysis to complex networks in the brain. Clin Neurophysiol 2007, 118:2317-2331.
89. Rombouts SARB, Barkhof F, Goekoop R, Stam CJ, Scheltens P Altered resting state networks in mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease: an fMRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 2005, 26:231-239.
90. Rykhlevskaia E, Gratton G, Fabiani M Combining structural and functional neuroimaging data for studying brain connectivity: a review. Psychophysiology 2008, 45:173-187.
91. Salvador R, Suckling J, Schwarzbauer C, Bullmore E Undirected graphs of frequency-dependent functional connectivity in whole brain networks. Phil Trans R Soc B 2005, 360:937-946.
92. Salvador R, Suckling J, Coleman M, Pickard JD, Menon DK, Bullmore ET Neurophysiological architecture of functional magnetic resonance images of human brain. Cerebral Cortex 2005, 15:1332-1342.
93. Sasaki T, Matsuki N, Ikegaya Y Metastability of active CA3 networks. J Neurosci 2007, 27:517-528.
94. Scannell JW, Burns GA, Hilgetag CC, O'Neil MA, Young MP The connectional organization of the cortico-thalamic system of the cat. Cerebral Cortex 1999, 9:277-299.
95. Schmahmann JD, Pandya DN, Wang R, Dai G, D'Arceuil HE, et al. Association fibre pathways of the brain: parallel observations from diffusion spectrum imaging and autoradiography. Brain 2007, 130:630-653.
96. Schreiber T Measuring information transfer. Phys Rev Lett 2000, 85:461-464.
97. Seidman SB Network structure and minimum degree. Social Netw 1983, 5:269-287.
98. Shan Y, Huang D, Singer W, Nikolic D A small world of neuronal synchrony. Cerebral Cortex 2008, (in press).
99. Shergill SS, Kanaan RA, Chitnis XA, O'Daly O, Jones DK, et al. A diffusion tensor imaging study of fasciculi in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2007, 164:467-473.
100. Song S, Sjöström PJ, Reigl M, Nelson S, Chklovskii DB Highly nonrandom features of synaptic connectivity in local cortical circuits. PLoS Biology 2005, 3:e68.
101. Sporns O, Tononi G, Edelman GM Theoretical neuroanatomy: relating anatomical and functional connectivity in graphs and cortical connection matrices. Cerebral Cortex 2000, 10:127-141.
102. Sporns O, Tononi G, Edelman G Connectivity and complexity: the relationship between neuroanatomy and brain dynamics. Neural Netw 2000, 13:909-922.
103. Sporns O, Zwi J The small world of the cerebral cortex. Neuroinformatics 2004, 2:145-162.
104. Sporns O, Kötter R Motifs in brain networks. PLoS Biology 2004, 2:1910-1918.
105. Sporns O, Chialvo D, Kaiser M, Hilgetag CC Organization, development and function of complex brain networks. Trends Cogn Sci 2004, 8:418-425.
106. Sporns O Complex neural dynamics. Coordination Dynamics: Issues and Trends 2004, 197-215. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. V.K. Jirsa, J.A.S. Kelso (Eds.).
107. Sporns O, Tononi G, Kötter R The human connectome: a structural description of the human brain. PLoS Comp Biology 2005, 1:e42.
108. Sporns O Small-world connectivity, motif composition, and complexity of fractal neuronal connections. BioSystems 2006, 85:55-64.
109. Sporns O, Honey CJ Small world inside big brains. PNAS 2006, 51:19219-19220.
110. Sporns O, Tononi G Structural determinants of functional brain dynamics. Handbook of Brain Connectivity 2007, 117-147. Springer, Berlin. V.K. Jirsa, A.R. McIntosh (Eds.).
111. Sporns O, Honey CJ, Kötter R Identification and classification of hubs in brain networks. PLoS ONE 2007, 2(10):e1049. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001049.
112. Stam CJ Functional connectivity patterns of human magnetoencephalographic recordings: a "small-world" network?. Neurosci Lett 2004, 355:25-28.
113. Stam CJ, Reijneveld JC Graph theoretical analysis of complex networks in the brain. Nonlinear Biomed. Physics 2007, 1:3.
114. Stam CJ, Jones BF, Nolte G, Breakspear M, Scheltens P Small-world networks and functional connectivity in Alzheimer's disease. Cerebral Cortex 2007, 17:92-99.
115. Strogatz SH Exploring complex networks. Nature 2001, 410:268-277.
116. Swanson LW Brain Architecture 2003, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
117. Swanson LW Quest for the basic plan of nervous system circuitry. Brain Res Rev 2007, 55:356-372.
118. Tononi G, Sporns O, Edelman GM A measure for brain complexity: relating functional segregation and integration in the nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994, 91:5033-5037.
119. Tuch DS, Reese TG, Wiegell MR, Wedeen VJ Diffusion MRI of complex neural architecture. Neuron 2003, 40:885-895.
120. Watts DJ, Strogatz SH Collective dynamics of "small-world" networks. Nature 1998, 393:440-442.
121. Wedeen VJ, Hagmann P, Tseng WY, Reese TG, Weisskoff RM Mapping complex tissue architecture with diffusion spectrum magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Med 2005, 54:1377-1386.
122. White JG, Southgate E, Thomson JN, Brenner S The structure of the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Phil Trans Royal Soc London B 1986, 314:1-340.
123. Young MP The organization of neural systems in the primate cerebral cortex. Proc R Soc Lond B 1993, 252:13-18.
124. Young PY, Hilgetag C-C, Scannell JW On imputing function to structure from the behavioural effects of brain lesions. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2000, 355:147-161.
125. Zemanova L, Zhou C, Kurths J Structural and functional clusters of complex brain networks. Physica D 2006, 224:202-212.
126. Zhou C, Zemanova L, Zamora G, Hilgetag CC, Kurths J Hierarchical organization unveiled by functional connectivity in complex brain networks. Physical Rev Lett 2006, 97:238103.