The role of salt intake and salt sensitivity in the management of hypertension in South Asian people with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial

Heart

Volumn 99, Issue 17, 2013, Pages 1256-1260

  De Brito Ashurst, Lone ^a,b   Perry, Lin ^c   Sanders, Thomas A B ^a   Thomas, Jane E ^a   Dobbie, Hamish ^b   Varagunam, Mira ^d   Yaqoob, Muhammad M ^d  

^a KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b ROYAL LONDON HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY SYDNEY   (Australia)

^d QUEEN MARY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; SODIUM;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BANGLADESH; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; BODY WEIGHT; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; ETHNIC GROUP; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MONITORING; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PARALLEL DESIGN; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTOCOL COMPLIANCE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SODIUM EXCRETION; SODIUM RESTRICTION; SODIUM URINE LEVEL; SOUTH ASIAN; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; UNITED KINGDOM;

RENAL DISEASE;

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; BANGLADESH; DIET, SODIUM-RESTRICTED; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; LONDON; MALE; RENAL INSUFFICIENCY, CHRONIC; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

EID: 84881474631     PISSN: 13556037     EISSN: 1468201X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-303688     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Roderick PJ, Jones I, Raleigh VS, et al. Population need for renal replacement therapy in Thames regions: ethnic dimension. BMJ 1994;309:1111-14. (Pubitemid 24324850)
2. Saweirs WW, Goddard J. What are the best treatments for early chronic kidney disease? A background paper prepared for the UK consensus conference on early chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007;22(Suppl 9):ix31-38.
3. Chen CH, Lin YP, Yu WC, et al. Volume status and blood pressure during long-term hemodialysis: role of ventricular stiffness. Hypertension 2003;42:257-62.
4. De Brito-Ashurst I, Perry L, Sanders TA, et al. Dietary salt intake of Bangladeshi patients with kidney disease in East London: an exploratory case study. E-J Clninical Nutrition Metabolism 2009;4:e35-40.
5. Agency FS. Why 6g? A summary of the scientific evidence for the salt intake target Medical Research Council. Human Nutrition Research. 2005; Available from: http:// www.food.gov.uk/
6. Taylor RS, Ashton KE, Moxham T, et al. Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011(7):CD009217.
7. He FJ, MacGregor GA. Effect of modest salt reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Implications for public health. J Hum Hypertens 2002;16:761-70. (Pubitemid 36007929)
8. Calhoun DA, Jones D, Textor S, et al. Resistant hypertension: diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Professional Education Committee of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research. Circulation 2008;117:e510-26.
9. Pimenta E, Gaddam KK, Oparil S, et al. Effects of dietary sodium reduction on blood pressure in subjects with resistant hypertension: results from a randomized trial. Hypertension 2009;54:475-81.
10. de Brito-Ashurst I, Perry L, Sanders TA, et al. Barriers and facilitators of dietary sodium restriction amongst Bangladeshi chronic kidney disease patients. J Hum Nutr Diet 2011;24:86-95.
11. Community Kitchen UK, CKUK Improving diet and health in vulnerable communities with fresh food, friendship & fun. 2008. Available from HYPERLINK "http://www. communitykitchens.org.uk/"
12. O'Brien E, Asmar R, Beilin L, et al. European Society of Hypertension recommendations for conventional, ambulatory and home blood pressure measurement. J Hypertens 2003;21:821-48. (Pubitemid 36677141)
13. Ryan CG, Grant PM, Tigbe WW, et al. The validity and reliability of a novel activity monitor as a measure of walking. Br J Sports Med 2006;40:779-84. (Pubitemid 44351912)
14. Appel LJ, Champagne CM, Harsha DW, et al. Effects of comprehensive lifestyle modification on blood pressure control: main results of the PREMIER clinical trial. JAMA 2003;289:2083-93. (Pubitemid 37430210)
15. Health Do. White paper: Choosing health-making healthy choices easier. London: DoH, 2004.
16. Forte JG, Miguel JM, Miguel MJ, et al. Salt and blood pressure: a community trial. J Hum Hypertens 1989;3:179-84. (Pubitemid 19209772)
17. Ni H, Nauman D, Burgess D, et al. Factors influencing knowledge of and adherence to self-care among patients with heart failure. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1613-19. (Pubitemid 29340316)
18. Masango M, Khokhar S. Domestic use of salt shows high salt consumption in Black Africans and Indian Asians associated with a very low awareness level of national salt guidelines. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 2009:E153.
19. Paoletti E, Bellino D, Amidone M, et al. Relationship between arterial hypertension and renal damage in chronic kidney disease: insights from ABPM. J Nephrol 2006;19:778-82. (Pubitemid 46415984)
20. Shimada K, Kawamoto A, Matsubayashi K, et al. Silent cerebrovascular disease in the elderly. Correlation with ambulatory pressure. Hypertension 1990;16:692-9.
21. Timio M, Venanzi S, Lolli S, et al. "Non-dipper" hypertensive patients and progressive renal insufficiency: a 3-year longitudinal study. Clin Nephrol 1995;43:382-7.
22. Fagard RH, Celis H, Thijs L, et al. Daytime and nighttime blood pressure as predictors of death and cause-specific cardiovascular events in hypertension. Hypertension 2008;51:55-61. (Pubitemid 350307104)
23. Verdecchia P, Porcellati C, Schillaci G, et al. Ambulatory blood pressure. An independent predictor of prognosis in essential hypertension. Hypertension 1994;24:793-801.
24. Damasceno A, Caupers P, Santos A, et al. Influence of salt intake on the daytime-nighttime blood pressure variation in normotensive and hypertensive black subjects. Rev Port Cardiol 2000;19:315-29. (Pubitemid 30204823)
25. Ganda OP, Fonseca VA. Salt sensitivity, insulin resistance, and public health in India. Endocr Pract 2010;16:940-4.
26. MacGregor GA, Markandu ND, Sagnella GA, et al. Double-blind study of three sodium intakes and long-term effects of sodium restriction in essential hypertension. Lancet 1989;2:1244-7. (Pubitemid 19284125)
27. Cappuccio FP, Markandu ND, Carney C, et al. Double-blind randomised trial of modest salt restriction in older people. Lancet 1997;350:850-4. (Pubitemid 27404346)
28. Slagman MC, Waanders F, Hemmelder MH, et al. Moderate dietary sodium restriction added to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition compared with dual blockade in lowering proteinuria and blood pressure: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2011;343:d4366.