Measurement of accelerated steel corrosion in concrete using Ground-penetrating radar and a modified half-cell potential method

Journal of Infrastructure Systems

Volumn 19, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 205-220

  Lai, Wai Lok ^a   Kind, Thomas ^a   Stoppel, Markus ^a   Wiggenhauser, Herbert ^a  

^a BAM FEDERAL INSTITUTE FOR MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TESTING   (Germany)

Author keywords

Accelerated steel corrosion in concrete; Ground penetrating radar; Half cell potential; Short time fourier transform

Indexed keywords

COMPLEX DIELECTRIC PERMITTIVITIES; CORROSION IN CONCRETE; GROUND PENETRATING RADAR; GROUND PENETRATING RADARS; HALF-CELL POTENTIAL; INTERFACIAL POLARIZATION; LABORATORY AND FIELD STUDIES; SHORT TIME FOURIER TRANSFORMS;

GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS; GROUND PENETRATING RADAR SYSTEMS; PERMITTIVITY; REINFORCEMENT; STEEL CORROSION; TRAVEL TIME;

CONCRETES;

CONCRETE; CORROSION; FOURIER TRANSFORM; GROUND PENETRATING RADAR; STEEL;

EID: 84881301288     PISSN: 10760342     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000083     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Annan, A. P. (2009). "Electromagnetic principles of ground penetrating radar." Chapter 1, Ground penetrating radar: Theory and applications, Harry M. Jol, ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
2. ASTM. (2009). "Standard test method for half-cell potentials of reinforcing steel in concrete." C876-09, West Conshohocken, PA.
3. Barnes, C. L., Trottier, J. F., and Forgeron, D. (2008). "Improved concrete bridge deck evaluation using GPR by accounting for signal depth- Amplitude effects." NDT&E Int., 41(6), 427-433.
4. Broomfield, J. P. (2007). Corrosion of steel in concrete: Understanding, investigation and repair, Taylor and Francis, London.
5. Bungey, J. H., Millard, S. G., Shaw, M. R. (1997). "Radar assessment of post-tensioned concrete."Proc., 7th Int. Conf. on Structural Faults and Repair, M. C. Forde, ed., Vol. 1, Engineering Technics, Edinburgh, UK, 331-339.
6. Büchler, M., and Schiegg, Y. (2007). "Untersuchung zur potentialfeldmessung an stahlbetonbauten." Research Rep. Commissioned by the Swiss Federal Research Office, Swiss Society for Corrosion Protection, Zurich, Switzerland (in German).
7. Cassidy, N. J. (2009). "Electrical and magnetic properties of rocks, soils and fluids." Chapter 2, Ground penetrating radar: Theory and applications, Harry M. Jol, ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
8. Chang, C. W., Lin, C. H., and Lien, H. S. (2009). "Measurement radius of reinforcing steel bar in concrete using digital image GPR." Constr.Build. Mater., 23(2), 1057-1063.
9. Chen, Y. P., and Or, D. (2006). "Effects of Maxwell-Wagner polarization on soil complex dielectric permittivity under variable temperature and electrical conductivity." Water Resour. Res., 42(6), W06424.
10. Colla, C., Krause, M., Maierhofer, Ch., Höhberger, H.-J., and Sommer, H. (2002). "Combination of NDT techniques for site investigation of non-ballasted railway tracks." NDT&E Int., 35(2), 95-105.
11. Daniels, D. J., ed. (2004). Ground penetrating radar, 2nd Ed., Institution of Electrical Engineers, London.
12. El Maaddawy, T. A., and Soudki, K. A. (2003). "Effectiveness of impressed current technique to simulate corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete." J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 15(1), 41-47.
13. Funk, T., Maierhofer, C., Leipold, S., and Borchardt, K. (1997). "Nondestructive location of tendon ducts in concrete for the installation of noise insulating walls using impulse radar." Proc., 7th Int. Conf. on Structural Faults and Repair, M. C. Forde, ed., Vol. 2, Engineering Technics, Edinburgh, UK, 323-329.
14. Gulikers, J. (2005). "Numerical modeling of reinforcement corrosion in concrete." Chapter 3, Corrosion in reinforced concrete structures, Hans Böhni, ed., CRC, Boca Raton, FL.
15. Haardt, P. (2003). "NDT methods for the inspection of highway structures." Proc., Int. Symp. on Non-Destructive Testing in Civil Engineering (CD-ROM), Vol. 1, German Society for Nondestructive Testing Association, Berlin, BB-85.
16. Hubbard, S. S., Zhang, J., Monteiro, P. J. M., Peterson, J. E., and Rubin, Y. (2003). "Experimental detection of reinforcing bar corrosion using nondestructive geophysical techniques." ACI Mater. J., 100(6), 501-510, Title No. 100-M58.
17. Hugenschmidt, J. (2002). "Concrete bridge inspection with a mobile GPR system." Constr. Build. Mater., 16(3), 147-154.
18. Hugenschmidt, J., Kalogeropoulos, A., Soldovieri, F., and Prisco, G. (2010). "Processing strategies for high-resolution GPR concrete inspections." NDT&E Int., 43(4), 334-342.
19. Hunkeler, F. (2005). "Corrosion in reinforced concrete: Processes and mechanisms." Chapter 1, Corrosion in reinforced concrete structures, Hans Böhni, ed., CRC, Boca Raton, FL.
20. Idrissi, H., and Limam, A. (2003). "Study and characterization by acoustic emission and electrochemical measurements of concrete deterioration caused by reinforcement steel corrosion." NDT&E Int., 36(8), 563-569.
21. Kong, F. (2000). "Choice of antenna type and frequency range for testing concrete structures." Proc., 8th Int. Conf. on Ground Penetrating Radar (CD-ROM), Univ. of Queensland, Gold Coast, Australia.
22. Lai, W.L., Kind, T., and Wiggenhauser, H. (2010a). "A study of concrete hydration and dielectric relaxation mechanism using ground penetrating radar (GPR) and short time Fourier transform (STFT)." J. Adv. Signal Process., 2010.
23. Lai, W.L., Kind, T., and Wiggenhauser, H. (2010b). "Detection of accelerated reinforcement corrosion in concrete by ground penetrating radar." Proc., Int. Conf. on Ground Penetrating Radar, IEEE, New York, 1-5.
24. Lai, W.L., Kind, T., and Wiggenhauser, H. (2011a). "Frequency-dependent dispersion of high-frequency ground penetrating radar wave in concrete." NDT&E Int., 44(3), 267-273.
25. Lai, W.L., Kind, T., and Wiggenhauser, H. (2011b). "Using ground penetrating radar and time-frequency analysis to characterize construction materials." NDT&E Int., 44(1), 111-120.
26. Lai, W.L., Kou, S. C., Tsang, W. F., and Poon, C. S. (2009). "Characterization of concrete properties from dielectric properties using ground penetrating radar." Cement Concr. Res., 39(8), 687-695.
27. Lai, W.L., and Tsang, W. F. (2008). "Characterization of pore systems of air/water-cured concrete using ground penetrating radar (GPR) through continuous water injection." Constr. Build. Mater., 22(3), 250-256.
28. Lai, W.L., Tsang, W. F., Fang, H., and Xiao, D. (2006). "Experimental determination of bulk dielectric properties and porosity of porous asphalt and soils using GPR and a cyclic moisture variation technique." Geophysics, 71(4), K93-K102.
29. Lay, S., Schießl, P., Law, D., Lahus, O., Gjørv, O., and Kühn, C. (2003). "Prototype of condition assessment protocol." Final Rep. Prepared for the Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.
30. Leelalerkiet, V., Kyung, J.W., Ohtsu, M., and Yokota, M. (2004). "Analysis of half-cell potential measurement for corrosion of reinforced concrete." Constr. Build. Mater., 18(3), 155-162.
31. Li, Z., Li, F., Zdunek, A., Landis, E., and Shah, S. P. (1998). "Application of acoustic emission technique to detection of reinforcing steel corrosion in concrete." ACI Mater. J., 95(1), 68-76, Title No. 95-M08.
32. Maierhofer, Ch., and Leipold, S. (2001). "Radar investigation of masonry structures." NDT&E Int., 34(2), 139-147.
33. Maierhofer, Ch., and Wöstmann, J. (1998). "Investigation of dielectric properties of brick materials as a function of moisture and salt content using a microwave impulse technique at very high frequencies." NDT&E Int., 31(4), 259-263.
34. Maser, K. R. (1996). "Condition assessment of transportation infrastructure using ground-penetrating radar." J. Infrastruct. Syst., 2(2), 94-101.
35. Mietz, J., and Isecke, B. (1996). "Monitoring of concrete structures with respect to rebar corrosion." Constr. Build. Mater., 10(5), 367-373.
36. Millard, S. G., Law, D., Bungey, J. H., and Cairns, J. (2001). "Environmental influences on linear polarisation corrosion rate measurement inreinforced concrete." NDT&E Int., 34(6), 409-417.
37. Narayanan, R. M., Hudson, S. G., and Kumke, C. J. (1998). "Detection of rebar corrosion in bridge decks using statistical variance of radar reflected pulses." Proc., 7th Int. Conf. on Ground Penetrating Radar,IEEE, New York, 601-605.
38. Qian, S., and Chen, D. (1996). Joint time-frequency analysis: Method and application, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
39. Sbartaï, Z. M., Laurens, S., Balayssac, J.-P., Arliguie, G., and Ballivy, G. (2006). "Ability of the direct wave of radar ground-coupled antenna for NDT of concrete structures." NDT&E Int., 39(5), 400-407.
40. Weng, M. S., Dunn, S. E., Hartt, W. H., and Brown, R. P. (1982). "Application of acoustic emission to detection of reinforcing steel corrosion in concrete." Corrosion, 38(1), 9-14.
41. Wiggenhauser, H., Schaurich, D., and Wilsch, G. (1998). "LIBS for nondestructive testing of element distributions on surfaces." NDT&E Int., 31(4), 307-313.
42. Wilsch, G., Weritz, F., Schaurich, D., and Wiggenhauser, H. (2005). "Determination of chloride content in concrete structures with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy." Constr. Build. Mater., 19(10), 724-730.