Current concepts in the treatment of cartilage damage. A review

Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology

Volumn 118, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 189-203

  Musumeci, Giuseppe ^a   Loreto, Carla ^a   Castorina, Sergio ^a   Imbesi, Rosa ^a   Leonardi, Rosalia ^a   Castrogiovanni, Paola ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CATANIA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Cartilage; Chondrocytes; Mesenchymal stem cells; Osteoarthritis; Scaffold; Tissue engeneering

Indexed keywords

CARTILAGE; CARTILAGE CELL; HUMAN; MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; OSTEOARTHRITIS; PROCEDURES; TISSUE ENGINEERING; TRANSPLANTATION;

CARTILAGE; CHONDROCYTES; HUMANS; MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; OSTEOARTHRITIS; TISSUE ENGINEERING;

EID: 84881289916     PISSN: 11226714     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Akeda K., An H., Okuma M., Attawia M., Miyamoto K., Thonar E., Lenz M., Sah R., Masuda K. (2006) Platelet-rich plasma stimulates porcine articular chondrocyte proliferation and matrix biosynthesis. Osteoarthr. Cartil. 14: 1272-1280.
2. Allen R.T., Robertson C.M., Pennock A.T., Bugbee W.D., Harwood F.L., Wong V.W., Chen A.C., Sah R.L., Amiel D. (2005) Analysis of stored osteochondral allografts at the time of surgical implantation. Am. J. Sports Med. 33: 1479-1484.
3. Ameer G.A., Mahmood T.A., Langer R. (2002) A biodegradable composite scaffold for cell transplantation. J. Orthop. Res. 20: 16-19.
4. Asik M., Ciftci F., Sen C., Erdil M., Atalar A. (2008) The microfracture technique for the treatment of full-thickness articular cartilage lesions of the knee: midterm results. Arthroscopy 24: 1214-1220.
5. Bakay A., Csonge L., Papp G., Fekete L. (1998) Osteochondral resurfacing of the knee joint with allograft. Clinical analysis of 33 cases. Int. Orthop. 22(5): 277-281.
6. Ball S.T., Amiel D., Williams S.K., Tontz W., Chen A.C., Sah R.L., Bugbee W.D. (2004) The effects of storage on fresh human osteochondral allografts. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 418: 246-252.
7. Bartlett W., Skinner J.A., Gooding C.R., Carrington R.W.J., Flanagan A.M., Briggs T.W.R., Bentley G. (2005) Autologous chondrocyte implantation versus matrixinduced autologous chondrocyte implantation for osteochondral defects of the knee. J. Bone Joint Surg. Br. 87B: 640-645.
8. Bedi A., Feeley B.T., Williams R.J. (2010) Management of articular cartilage defects of the knee. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 92A: 994-1009.
9. Behrens P., Bitter T., Kurz B., Russlies M. (2006) Matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte transplantation/implantation (MACT/MACI) - 5-year follow-up. Knee 13: 194-202.
10. Brittberg M., Lindahl A., Nilsson A., Ohlsson C., Isaksson O., Peterson L. (1994) Treatment of deep cartilage defects in the knee with autologous chondrocyte transplantation. N. Engl. J. Med. 331: 889-895.
11. Buckwalter J. (2002) Articular cartilage injuries. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 402: 21-37.
12. Bugbee W.D., Convery F.R. (1999) Osteochondral allograft transplantation. Clin. Sports Med. 18: 67-75.
13. Cardile V., Musumeci G., Sicurezza E., Caggia S., Rusu M.C., Leonardi R., Loreto C. (2013) TRAIL and its receptors DR5 and DcR2 expression, in orthodontic tooth movement. Histol Histopathol. 28: 933-940.
14. Chu C.R., Convery F.R., Akeson W.H., Meyers M., Amiel D. (1999) Articular cartilage transplantation - Clinical results in the knee. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 360: 159-168.
15. Crawford D.C., Heveran C.M., Cannon W.D., Foo L.F., Potter H.G. (2009) An autologous cartilage tissue implant NeoCart for treatment of grade III chondral injury to the distal femur. Prospective clinical safety trial at 2 years. Am. J. Sports Med. 37: 1334-1343.
16. Davidson P.A., Rivenburgh D.W., Dawson P.E., Rozin R. (2007) Clinical, histologic, and radiographic outcomes of distal femoral resurfacing with hypothermically stored Osteoarticular allografts. Am. J. Sports Med. 35: 1082-1090.
17. Dhollander A.A., Verdonk P.C., Lambrecht S., Verdonk R., Elewaut D., Verbruggen G., Almqvist K.F. (2012) Midterm results of the treatment of cartilage defects in the knee using alginate beads containing human mature allogenic chondrocytes. Am. J. Sports Med. 40: 75-82.
18. Dorotka R., Windberger U., Macfelda K., Bindreiter U., Toma C., Nehrer S. (2005) Repair of articular cartilage defects treated by microfracture and a three-dimensional collagen matrix. Biomaterials 26: 3617-3629.
19. Emmerson B.C., Gortz S., Jamali A.A., Chung C., Amiel D., Bugbee W.D. (2007) Fresh osteochondral allografting in the treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the femoral condyle. Am. J. Sports Med. 35: 907-914.
20. Feczko P., Hangody L., Varga J., Bartha L., Dioszegi Z., Bodo G., Kendik Z., Modis L. (2003) Experimental results of donor site filling for autologous osteochondral mosaicplasty. Arthroscopy 19: 755-761.
21. Filova E., Jelinek F., Handl M., Lytvynets A., Rampichova M., Varga F., Cinatl J., Soukup T., Trc T., Amler E. (2008) Novel composite hyaluronan/type I collagen/ fibrin scaffold enhances repair of osteochondral defect in rabbit knee. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater. 87B: 415-424.
22. Frisbie D.D., Morisset S., Ho C.P., Rodkey W.G., Steadman J.R., McLlwraith C.W. (2006) Effects of calcified cartilage on healing of chondral defects treated with microfracture in horses. Am. J. Sports Med. 34: 1824-1831.
23. Frisbie D.D., Oxford J.T., Southwood L., Trotter G.W., Rodkey W.G., Steadman J.R., Goodnight J.L., McLlwraith C.W. (2003) Early events in cartilage repair after subchondral bone microfracture. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 407: 215-227.
24. Gill T.J., Asnis P.D., Berkson E.M. (2006) The treatment of articular cartilage defects using the microfracture technique. J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 36: 728-738.
25. Gobbi A., Kon E., Berruto M., Francisco R., Filardo G., Marcacci M. (2006) Patellofemoral full-thickness chondral defects treated with hyalograft-C. A clinical, arthroscopic, and histologic review. Am. J. Sports Med. 34: 1763-1773.
26. Gobbi A., Nunag P., Malinowski K. (2005) Treatment of full thickness chondral lesions of the knee with microfracture in a group of athletes. Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol. Arthrosc. 13: 213-221.
27. Gogolewski S., Gorna K., Zaczynska E., Czary A. (2008) Structure-property relations and cytotoxicity of isosorbide-based biodegradable polyurethane scaffolds for tissue repair and regeneration. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 85A: 456-465.
28. Gole M.D., Poulsen D., Marzo J.M., Ko S.H., Ziv I. (2004) Chondrocyte viability in press-fit cryopreserved osteochondral allografts. J. Orthop. Res. 22: 781-787.
29. Grad S., Lee C.R., Gorna K., Gogolewski S., Wimmer M.A., Alini M. (2005) Surface motion upregulates superficial zone protein and hyaluronan production in chondrocyte- seeded three-dimensional scaffolds. Tissue Eng. 11: 249-256.
30. Grande D.A., Halberstadt C., Naughton G., Schwartz R., Manji R. (1997) Evaluation of matrix scaffolds for tissue engineering of articular cartilage grafts. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 34: 211-220.
31. Hangody L., Fules P. (2003) Autologous osteochondral mosaicplasty for the treatment of full-thickness defects of weight-bearing joints - Ten years of experimental and clinical experience. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 85A: 25-32.
32. Hangody L., Vasarhelyi G., Hangody L.R., Sukosd Z., Tibay G., Bartha L., Bodo G. (2008) Autologous osteochondral grafting-technique and long-term results. Injury 39: S32-S39.
33. Hoemann C.D., Hurtig M., Rossomacha E., Sun J., Chevrier A., Shive M.S., Buschmann M.D. (2005) Chitosan-glycerol phosphate/blood implants improve hyaline cartilage repair in ovine microfracture defects. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 87A: 2671-2686.
34. Jamali A.A., Emmerson B.C., Chung C., Convery F.R., Bugbee W.A. (2005) Fresh osteochondral allografts - Results in the patellofemoral joint. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 437: 176-185.
35. Johnstone B., Hering T.M., Caplan A.I., Goldberg V.M., Yoo J.U. (1998) In vitro chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells. Exp. Cell Res. 238: 265-272.
36. Jones C.W., Willers C., Keogh A., Smolinski D., Fick D., Yates P.J., Kirk T.B., Zheng M.H. (2008) Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation in sheep. Objective assessments including confocal arthroscopy. J. Orthop. Res. 26: 292-303.
37. Kang J.Y., Chung C.W., Sung J.H., Park B.S., Choi J.Y., Lee S.J., Choi B.C., Shim C.K., Chung S.J., Kim D.D. (2009) Novel porous matrix of hyaluronic acid for the threedimensional culture of chondrocytes. Int. J. Pharm. 369: 114-120.
38. Kisiday J., Jin M., Kurz B., Hung H., Semino C., Zhang S., Grodzinsky A.J. (2002) Selfassembling peptide hydrogel fosters chondrocyte extracellular matrix production and cell division. Implications for cartilage tissue repair. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 9996-10001.
39. Kisiday J.D., Jin M.S., DiMicco M.A., Kurz B., Grodzinsky A.J. (2004) Effects of dynamic compressive loading on chondrocyte biosynthesis in self-assembling peptide scaffolds. J. Biomech. 37: 595-604.
40. Klein-Nulend J., Louwerse R.T., Heyligers I.C., Wuisman P., Semeins C.M., Goei S.W.,. Burger E.H (1998) Osteogenic protein (OP-1, BMP-7) stimulates cartilage differentiation of human and goat perichondrium tissue in vitro. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 40: 614-620.
41. Knutsen G., Engebretsen L., Ludvigsen T.C., Drogset J.O., Grontvedt T., Solheim E., Strand T., Roberts S., Isaksen V., Johansen C. (2004) Autologous chondrocyte implantation compared with microfracture in the knee. A randomized trial. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 86A: 455-464.
42. Kreuz P.C., Steinwachs M.R., Erggelet C., Krause S.J., Konrad G., Uhl M., Sudkamp N. (2006) Results after microfracture of full-thickness chondral defects in different compartments in the knee. Osteoarthr. Cartil. 14: 1119-1125.
43. Li Z., Kupcsik L., Yao S.J., Alini M., Stoddart M.J. (2009) Chondrogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in fibrin-polyurethane composites. Tissue Eng. Part A 15: 1729-1737.
44. Loreto C., Lo Castro E., Musumeci G., Loreto F., Rapisarda G., Rezzani R., Castorina S., Leonardi R., Rusu M.C. (2012) Aquaporin 1 expression in human temporomandibular disc. Acta Histochem. 114: 744-748.
45. Loreto C., Musumeci G., Castorina A., Martinez G. (2011) Degenerative disc disease of herniated intervertebral discs is associated with extracellular matrix remodeling, vimentin-positive cells and cell death. Ann. Anat. 193: 156-162.
46. Marcacci M., Berruto M., Brocchetta D., Delcogliano A., Ghinelli D., Gobbi A., Kon E., Pederzini L., Rosa D., Sacchetti G.L., Stefani G., Zanasi S. (2005) Articular cartilage engineering with Hyalograft ® C - 3-year clinical results. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 435: 96-105.
47. Marlovits S., Striessnig G., Kutscha-Lissberg F., Resinger C., Aldrian S.M., Vecsei V., Trattnig S. (2005) Early postoperative adherence of matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation for the treatment of full-thickness cartilage defects of the femoral condyle. Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol. Arthrosc. 13: 451-457.
48. Martin J.A., Buckwalter J.A. (2003) The role of chondrocyte senescence in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and in limiting cartilage repair. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 85A: 106-110.
49. Miniaci A., Tytherleigh-Strong G. (2007) Fixation of unstable osteochondritis dissecans lesions of the knee using arthroscopic autogenous osteochondral grafting (Mosaicplasty). Arthroscopy 23: 845-851.
50. Mishra A., Tummala P., King A., Lee B., Kraus M., Tse V., Jacobs C.R. (2009) Buffered platelet-rich plasma enhances mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation. Tissue Eng. Part C-Methods 15: 431-435.
51. Mithoefer K., Williams R.J., Warren R.F., Potter H.G., Spock C.R., Jones E.C., Wickiewicz T.L., Marx R.G. (2005) The microfracture technique for the treatment of articular cartilage lesions in the knee. A prospective cohort study. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 87A: 1911-1920.
52. Mithoefer K., Williams R.J., Warren R.F., Wickiewicz T.L., Marx R.G. (2006) Highimpact athletics after knee articular cartilage repair. A prospective evaluation of the microfracture technique. Am. J. Sports Med. 34: 1413-1418.
53. Miyanishi K., Trindade M.C.D., Lindsey D.P., Beaupre G.S., Carter D.R., Goodman S.B., Schurman D.J., Smith R.L. (2006) Effects of hydrostatic pressure and transforming growth factor-beta 3 on adult human mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis in vitro. Tissue Eng. 12: 1419-1428.
54. Mussa R., Hans M.G., Enlow D., Goldberg J. (1999) Condylar cartilage response to continuous passive motion in adult guinea pigs. A pilot study. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial. Orthop. 115: 360-367.
55. Musumeci G., Leonardi R., Carnazza M.L., Cardile V., Pichler K., Weinberg A.M., Loreto C. (2013a) Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) expression in experimentally induced osteoarthritic knee menisci: An in vivo and in vitro study. Tissue Cell. 45: 145-152.
56. Musumeci G., Loreto C., Carnazza M.L., Cardile V., Leonardi R. (2013b) Acute injury affects lubricin expression in knee menisci: An immunohistochemical study. Ann Anat. 195: 151-158. doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2012.07.010.
57. Musumeci G., Carnazza M.L., Leonardi R., Loreto C. (2012) Expression of beta-defensin- 4 in "an in vivo and ex vivo model" of human osteoarthritic knee meniscus. Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol. Arthrosc. 20: 216-222.
58. Musumeci G., Loreto C., Leonardi R., Castorina S., Giunta S., Carnazza M.L., Trovato F.M., Pichler K., Weinberg A.M. (2013c) The effects of physical activity on apoptosis and lubricin expression in articular cartilage in rats with glucocorticoidinduced osteoporosis. J. Bone Miner. Metab. 31: 274-284.
59. Musumeci G., Loreto C., Clementi G., Fiore C.E., Martinez G. (2011a) An in vivo experimental study on osteopenia in diabetic rats. Acta Histochem. 113: 619- 625.
60. Musumeci G., Loreto C., Carnazza M.L., Martinez G. (2011b) Characterization of apoptosis in articular cartilage derived from the knee joints of patients with osteoarthritis. Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol. Arthrosc. 19: 307-313.
61. Negrin L., Kutscha-Lissberg F., Gartlehner G., Vecsei V. (2012) Clinical outcome after microfracture of the knee: a meta-analysis of before/after-data of controlled studies. Int. Orthop. 36: 43-50.
62. Nho S.J., Foo L.F., Green D.M., Shindle M.K., Warren R.F., Wickiewicz T.L., Potter H.G., Williams R.J. (2008) Magnetic resonance imaging and clinical evaluation of patellar resurfacing with press-fit osteochondral autograft plugs. Am. J. Sports Med. 36: 1101-1109.
63. Nixon A.J., Haupt J.L., Frisbie D.D., Morisset S.S., McIlwraith C.W., Robbins P.D., Evans C.H., Ghivizzani S. (2005) Gene-mediated restoration of cartilage matrix by combination insulin-like growth factor-I/interleukin-1 receptor antagonist therapy. Gene Ther. 12: 177-186.
64. Ozturk A., Ozdemir M.R., Ozkan Y. (2006) Osteochondral autografting (mosaicplasty) in grade IV cartilage defects in the knee joint: 2- to 7-year results. Int. Orthop. 30: 200-204.
65. Pearsall A.W., Tucker J.A., Hester R.B., Heitman R.J. (2004) Chondrocyte viability in refrigerated osteochondral allografts used for transplantation within the knee. Am. J. Sports Med. 32: 125-131.
66. Peretti G.M., Randolph M.A., Villa M.T., Buragas M.S., Yaremchuk M.J. (2000) Cellbased tissue-engineered allogeneic implant for cartilage repair. Tissue Eng. 6: 567- 576.
67. Peterson L., Minas T., Brittberg M., Lindahl A. (2003) Treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the knee with autologous chondrocyte transplantation. Results at two to ten years. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 85A: 17-24.
68. Pichler K., Loreto C., Leonardi R., Reuber T., Weinberg A.M., Musumeci G. (2013) In rat with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, RANKL is downregulated in bone cells by physical activity (treadmill and vibration stimulation training). Histol Histopathol. 28: 1185-1196.
69. Ryan J.A., Eisner E.A., DuRaine G., You Z.B., Reddi A.H. (2009) Mechanical compression of articular cartilage induces chondrocyte proliferation and inhibits proteoglycan synthesis by activation of the ERK pathway: implications for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 3: 107-116.
70. Schachar N.S., Novak K., Hurtig M., Muldrew K., McPherson R., Wohl G., Zernicke R.F., McGann L.E. (1999) Transplantation of cryopreserved osteochondral dowel allografts for repair of focal articular defects in an ovine model. J. Orthop. Res. 17: 909-919.
71. Smith G.D., Taylor J., Almqvist K.F., Erggelet C., Knutsen G., Portabella M.G., Smith T., Richardson J.B. (2005) Arthroscopic assessment of cartilage repair: A validation study of 2 scoring systems. Arthroscopy 21: 1462-1467.
72. Steadman J.R., Briggs K.K., Rodrigo J.J., Kocher M.S., Gill T.J., Rodkey W.G. (2003) Outcomes of microfracture for traumatic chondral defects of the knee: Average 11-year follow-up. Arthroscopy 19: 477-484.
73. Steadman J.R., Ramappa A.J., Maxwell R.B., Briggs K.K. (2007) An arthroscopic treatment regimen for osteoarthritis of the knee. Arthroscopy 23: 948-955.
74. Steadman J.R., Rodkey W.G., Rodrigo J.J. (2001) Microfracture: Surgical technique and rehabilitation to treat chondral defects. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 391: S362-S369.
75. Strauss E., Schachter A., Frenkel S., Rosen J. (2009) The efficacy of intra-articular hyaluronan injection after the microfracture technique for the treatment of articular cartilage lesions. Am. J. Sports Med. 37: 720-726.
76. Tran-Khanh N., Hoemann C.D., McKee M.D., Henderson J.E., Buschmann M.D. (2005) Aged bovine chondrocytes display a diminished capacity to produce a collagen- rich, mechanically functional cartilage extracellular matrix. J. Orthop. Res. 23: 1354-1362.
77. Trattnig S., Ba-Ssalamah A., Pinker K., Plank C., Vecsei V., Marlovits S. (2005) Matrixbased autologous chondrocyte implantation for cartilage repair: noninvasive monitoring by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Magn. Reson. Imaging 23: 779-787.
78. van Ooij A., Oner F.C., Verbout A.J. (2003) Complications of artificial disc replacement. A report of 27 patients with the SB Charite disc. J. Spinal Disord. Tech. 16: 369-383.
79. Widuchowski W., Lukasik P., Kwiatkowski G., Faltus R., Szyluk K., Widuchowski J., Koczy B. (2008) Isolated full thickness chondral injuries. Prevalance and outcome of treatment. A retrospective study of 5233 knee arthroscopies. Acta Chir. Orthop. Traumatol. Cech. 75: 382-386.
80. Wood J.J., Malek M.A., Frassica F.J., Power J.A., Mohan A.K., Bloom E.T., Braun M.M., Cote T.R. (2006) Autologous cultured chondrocytes: Adverse events reported to the united states food and drug administration. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 88A: 503-507.
81. Wright R.W. (2009) Knee Injury Outcomes Measures. J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg. 17: 31-39.
82. Zaslav K., Cole B., Brewster R., DeBerardino T., Farr J., Fowler P., Nissen C. (2009) A prospective study of autologous chondrocyte implantation in patients with failed prior treatment for articular cartilage defect of the knee. Results of the Study of the Treatment of Articular Repair (STAR) clinical trial. Am. J. Sports Med. 37: 42-55.
83. Zheng M.H., Willers C., Kirilak L., Yates P., Xu J.K., Wood D., Shimmin A. (2007) Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI®): Biological and histological assessment. Tissue Eng. 13: 737-746.