The 'Echo Heart Failure Score': An echocardiographic risk prediction score of mortality in systolic heart failure

European Journal of Heart Failure

Volumn 15, Issue 8, 2013, Pages 868-876

  Carluccio, Erberto ^a   Dini, Frank Lloyd ^b   Biagioli, Paolo ^a   Lauciello, Rosanna ^a   Simioniuc, Anca ^b   Zuchi, Cinzia ^a   Alunni, Gianfranco ^a   Reboldi, Gianpaolo ^c   Marzilli, Mario ^b   Ambrosio, Giuseppe ^a,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PERUGIA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PISA   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PERUGIA   (Italy)

^d SC di Oncoematologia Pediatrica Con Trapianto di CSE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Echocardiography; Heart failure; Prognosis; Risk score

Indexed keywords

AGED; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR PARAMETERS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC TEST ACCURACY STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ECHO HEART FAILURE SCORE; FEMALE; HEART LEFT ATRIUM; HEART VOLUME; HUMAN; LUNG ARTERY PRESSURE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MATHEMATICAL PARAMETERS; MORTALITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PREDICTOR VARIABLE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PULSE WAVE; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCORING SYSTEM; SURVIVAL PREDICTION; SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE; TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY;

ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; HEART FAILURE; PROGNOSIS; RISK SCORE;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, DOPPLER; FEMALE; HEART; HEART FAILURE, SYSTOLIC; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROGNOSIS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK ASSESSMENT; ROC CURVE;

EID: 84880996019     PISSN: 13889842     EISSN: 18790844     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/eurjhf/hft038     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Adams RJ, Berry JD, Brown TM, Carnethon MR, Dai S, de Simone G, Ford ES, Fox CS, Fullerton HJ, Gillespie C, Greenlund KJ, Hailpern SM, Heit JA, Ho PM, Howard VJ, Kissela BM, Kittner SJ, Lackland DT, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Makuc DM, Marcus GM, Marelli A, Matchar DB, McDermott MM, Meigs JB, Moy CS, Mozaffarian D, Mussolino ME, Nichol G, Paynter NP, Rosamond WD, Sorlie PD, Stafford RS, Turan TN, Turner MB, Wong ND, Wylie-Rosett J, American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics - 2011 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011;123:e18-e209.
2. McMurray JJ, Adamopoulos S, Anker SD, Auricchio A, Bohm M, Dickstein K, Falk V, Filippatos G, Fonseca C, Gomez-Sanchez MA, Jaarsma T, Kober L, Lip GY, Maggioni AP, Parkhomenko A, Pieske BM, Popescu BA, Ronnevik PK, Rutten FH, Schwitter J, Seferovic P, Stepinska J, Trindade PT, Voors AA, Zannad F, Zeiher A, Bax JJ, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, McDonagh T, Sechtem U, Bonet LA, Avraamides P, Ben Lamin HA, Brignole M, Coca A, Cowburn P, Dargie H, Elliott P, Flachskampf FA, Guida GF, Hardman S, Iung B, Merkely B, Mueller C, Nanas JN, Nielsen OW, Orn S, Parissis JT, Ponikowski P. ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012: the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail 2012;14: 803-869.
3. Levy WC, Mozaffarian D, Linker DT, Sutradhar SC, Anker SD, Cropp AB, Anand I, Maggioni A, Burton P, Sullivan MD, Pitt B, Poole-Wilson PA, Mann DL, Packer M. The Seattle Heart Failure Model: prediction of survival in heart failure. Circulation 2006;113: 1424-1433.
4. O'Connor CM, Whellan DJ, Wojdyla D, Leifer E, Clare RM, Ellis SJ, Fine LJ, Fleg JL, Zannad F, Keteyian SJ, Kitzman DW, Kraus WE, Rendall D, Pina IL, Cooper LS, Fiuzat M, Lee KL. Factors related to morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure with systolic dysfunction: the HF-ACTION Predictive Risk Score Model. Circ Heart Fail 2012;5: 63-71.
5. Kirkpatrick JN, Vannan MA, Narula J, Lang RM. Echocardiography in heart failure: applications, utility, and new horizons. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;50: 381-396.
6. Senni M, Parrella P, De Maria R, Cottini C, Bohm M, Ponikowski P, Filippatos G, Tribouilloy C, Di Lenarda A, Oliva F, Pulignano G, Cicoira M, Nodari S, Porcu M, Cioffi G, Gabrielli D, Parodi O, Ferrazzi P, Gavazzi A. Predicting heart failure outcome from cardiac and comorbid conditions: the 3C-HF score. Int J Cardiol 2013;163: 206-211.
7. Cho G-Y, Marwick TH, Kim H-S, Kim M-K, Hong K-S, Oh D-J. Global 2- dimensional strain as a new prognosticator in patients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009;54: 618-624.
8. Curtis JP, Sokol SI, Wang Y, Rathore SS, Ko DT, Jadbabaie F, Portnay EL, Marshalko SJ, Radford MJ, Krumholz HM. The association of left ventricular ejection fraction, mortality, and cause of death in stable outpatients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;42: 736-742.
9. Dini FL, Michelassi C, Micheli G, Rovai D. Prognostic value of pulmonary venous flow Doppler signal in left ventricular dysfunction: contribution of the difference in duration of pulmonary venous and mitral flow at atrial contraction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;36: 1295-1302.
10. Dokainish H, Zoghbi WA, Lakkis NM, Ambriz E, Patel R, Quinones MA, Nagueh SF. Incremental predictive power of B-type natriuretic peptide and tissue Doppler echocardiography in the prognosis of patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;45: 1223-1226.
11. Ghio S, Recusani F, Klersy C, Sebastiani R, Laudisa ML, Campana C, Gavazzi A, Tavazzi L. Prognostic usefulness of the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion in patients with congestive heart failure secondary to idiopathic or ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 2000;85: 837-842.
12. Grayburn PA, Appleton CP, DeMaria AN, Greenberg B, Lowes B, Oh J, Plehn JF, Rahko P, St John Sutton M, Eichhorn EJ, BEST Trial Echocardiographic Substudy Investigators. Echocardiographic predictors of morbidity and mortality in patients with advanced heart failure: the Beta-blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial (BEST). J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;45: 1064-1071.
13. Mikkelsen KV, Møller JE, Bie P, Ryde H, Videbaek L, Haghfelt T. Tei index and neurohormonal activation in patients with incident heart failure: serial changes and prognostic value. Eur J Heart Fail 2006;8: 599-608.
14. Mollema SA, Nucifora G, Bax JJ. Prognostic value of echocardiography after acute myocardial infarction. Heart 2009;95: 1732-1745.
15. Nahum J, Bensaid A, Dussault C, Macron L, Clemence D, Bouhemad B, Monin JL, Rande JLD, Gueret P, Lim P. Impact of longitudinal myocardial deformation on the prognosis of chronic heart failure patients. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2010;3: 249-256.
16. Penicka M, Bartunek J, Lang O, Medilek K, Tousek P, Vanderheyden M, De Bruyne B, Maruskova M, Widimsky P. Severe left ventricular dyssynchrony is associated with poor prognosis in patients with moderate systolic heart failure undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;50: 1315-1323.
17. Pinamonti B, Di Lenarda A, Sinagra G, Camerini F. Restrictive left ventricular filling pattern in dilated cardiomyopathy assessed by Doppler echocardiography: clinical, echocardiographic and hemodynamic correlations and prognostic implications. Heart Muscle Disease Study Group. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993;22: 808-815.
18. Quinones MA, Greenberg BH, Kopelen HA, Koilpillai C, Limacher MC, Shindler DM, Shelton BJ, Weiner DH. Echocardiographic predictors of clinical outcome in patients with left ventricular dysfunction enrolled in the SOLVD registry and trials: significance of left ventricular hypertrophy. Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;35: 1237-1244.
19. Rossi A, Cicoira M, Bonapace S, Golia G, Zanolla L, Franceschini L, Vassanelli C. Left atrial volume provides independent and incremental information compared with exercise tolerance parameters in patients with heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Heart 2007;93: 1420-1425.
20. Wang M, Yip G, Yu C-M, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Tse D, Kong S-L, Sanderson JE. Independent and incremental prognostic value of early mitral annulus velocity in patients with impaired left ventricular systolic function. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45: 272-277.
21. Wang M, Yip GW, Wang AY, Zhang Y, Ho PY, Tse MK, Lam PK, Sanderson JE. Peak early diastolic mitral annulus velocity by tissue Doppler imaging adds independent and incremental prognostic value. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;41: 820-826.
22. Wong M, Staszewsky L, Latini R, Barlera S, Glazer R, Aknay N, Hester A, Anand I, Cohn JN. Severity of left ventricular remodeling defines outcomes and response to therapy in heart failure: Valsartan heart failure trial (Val-HeFT) echocardiographic data. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004;43: 2022-2027.
23. Xie GY, Berk MR, Smith MD, Gurley JC, DeMaria AN. Prognostic value of Doppler transmitral flow patterns in patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994;24: 132-139.
24. Yu C-M, Sanderson JE, Marwick TH, Oh JK. Tissue Doppler imaging a new prognosticator for cardiovascular diseases. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;49: 1903-1914.
25. van Veldhuisen DJ, Anker SD, Ponikowski P, Macdougall IC. Anemia and iron deficiency in heart failure: mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Nat Res Cardiol 2011;8: 485-493.
26. Levey AS, Coresh J, Greene T, Stevens LA, Zhang YL, Hendriksen S, Kusek JW, Van Lente F. Using standardized serum creatinine values in the modification of diet in renal disease study equation for estimating glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med 2006;145: 247-254.
27. Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, Flachskampf FA, Foster E, Pellikka PA, Picard MH, Roman MJ, Seward J, Shanewise JS, Solomon SD, Spencer KT, Sutton MSJ, Stewart WJ. Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005;18: 1440-1463.
28. Zoghbi WA, Enriquez-Sarano M, Foster E, Grayburn PA, Kraft CD, Levine RA, Nihoyannopoulos P, Otto CM, Quinones MA, Rakowski H, Stewart WJ, Waggoner A, Weissman NJ, American Society of E. Recommendations for evaluation of the severity of native valvular regurgitation with two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2003;16: 777-802.
29. Lamas GA, Vaughan DE, Parisi AF, Pfeffer MA. Effects of left ventricular shape and captopril therapy on exercise capacity after anterior wall acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1989;63: 1167-1173.
30. Dini FL, Ghiadoni L, Conti U, Stea F, Buralli S, Taddei S, De Tommasi SM. Coronary flow reserve in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: relation with left ventricular wall stress, natriuretic peptides, and endothelial dysfunction. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2009;22: 354-360.
31. Janda S, Shahidi N, Gin K, Swiston J. Diagnostic accuracy of echocardiography for pulmonary hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart 2011;97: 612-622.
32. Ommen SR, Nishimura RA. A clinical approach to the assessment of left ventricular diastolic function by Doppler echocardiography: update 2003. Heart 2003;89 Suppl 3:iii18-23.
33. Dokainish H, Zoghbi WA, Lakkis NM, Al-Bakshy F, Dhir M, Quinones MA, Nagueh SF. Optimal noninvasive assessment of left ventricular filling pressures: a comparison of tissue Doppler echocardiography and B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with pulmonary artery catheters. Circulation 2004;109: 2432-2439.
34. Mallett S, Royston P, Dutton S, Waters R, Altman DG. Reporting methods in studies developing prognostic models in cancer: a review. BMC Med 2010;8:20.
35. Cook NR. Use and misuse of the receiver operating characteristic curve in risk prediction. Circulation 2007;115: 928-935.
36. Moons KG, Kengne AP, Woodward M, Royston P, Vergouwe Y, Altman DG, Grobbee DE. Risk prediction models: I. Development, internal validation, and assessing the incremental value of a new (bio)marker. Heart 2012;98: 683-690.
37. Pencina MJ, D'Agostino RB Sr., D'Agostino RB Jr, Vasan RS. Evaluating the added predictive ability of a new marker: from area under the ROC curve to reclassification and beyond. Stat Med 2008;27:157-172; discussion 207-112.
38. Senni M, Rodeheffer RJ, Tribouilloy CM, Evans JM, Jacobsen SJ, Bailey KR, Redfield MM. Use of echocardiography in the management of congestive heart failure in the community. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;33: 164-170.
39. Carluccio E, Biagioli P, Alunni G, Murrone A, Giombolini C, Ragni T, Marino PN, Reboldi G, Ambrosio G. Patients with hibernating myocardium show altered left ventricular volumes and shape, which revert after revascularization: evidence that dyssynergy might directly induce cardiac remodeling. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;47: 969-977.
40. Carluccio E, Biagioli P, Alunni G, Murrone A, Pantano P, Biscottini E, Zuchi C, Zingarini G, Cavallini C, Ambrosio G. Presence of extensive LV remodeling limits the benefits of CRT in patients with intraventricular dyssynchrony. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2011;4: 1067-1076.
41. Wong M, Staszewsky L, Latini R, Barlera S, Volpi A, Chiang YT, Benza RL, Gottlieb SO, Kleemann TD, Rosconi F, Vandervoort PM, Cohn JN. Valsartan benefits left ventricular structure and function in heart failure: Val-HeFT echocardiographic study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;40: 970-975.
42. Bedetti G, Gargani L, Sicari R, Gianfaldoni ML, Molinaro S, Picano E. Comparison of prognostic value of echocardiacgraphic [corrected] risk score with the Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) and Global Registry In Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk scores in acute coronary syndrome. Am J Cardiol 2010; 106: 1709-1716.
43. Stevens SM, Farzaneh-Far R, Na B, Whooley MA, Schiller NB. Development of an echocardiographic risk-stratification index to predict heart failure in patients with stable coronary artery disease: the Heart and Soul study. JACC Cardiovas Imaging 2009;2: 11-20.