Cognitive deficits in chronic fatigue syndrome and their relationship to psychological status, symptomatology, and everyday functioning

Neuropsychology

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 230-242

  Cockshell, Susan J ^a   Mathias, Jane L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE   (Australia)

Author keywords

Chronic fatigue syndrome; Cognitive problems; Depression; Everyday functioning; Symptoms

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; DEPRESSION; DEPTH PERCEPTION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEMORY; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; REACTION TIME; SLEEP QUALITY; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TASK PERFORMANCE; VERBALIZATION;

EID: 84880986747     PISSN: 08944105     EISSN: 19311559     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0032084     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Abbey, S. E., & Garfinkel, P. E. (1991). Chronic fatigue syndrome and depression: Cause, effect or covariate. Reviews of Infectious Disease, 13(Suppl. 1), S73-S83. doi:10.1093/clinids/13.Supplement_1.S73
2. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
3. Ayotte, B. J., Potter, G. G., Williams, H. T., Steffens, D. C., & Bosworth, H. B. (2009). The moderating role of personality factors in the relationship between depression and neuropsychological functioning among older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 24, 1010- 1019. doi:10.1002/gps.2213
4. Ball, N., Buchwald, D. S., Schmidt, D., Goldberg, J., Ashton, S., & Armitage, R. (2004). Monozygotic twins discordant for chronic fatigue syndrome: Objective measures of sleep. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 56, 207-212. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00598-1
5. Beaver, K. M., Vaughn, M. G., DeLisi, M., Barnes, J. C., & Boutwell, B. B. (2012). The neuropsychological underpinnings to psychopathic personality traits in a nationally representative and longitudinal sample. Psychiatric Quarterly, 83, 145-159. doi:10.1007/s11126-011-9190-2
6. Binder, L. M., & Campbell, K. A. (2004). Medically unexplained symptoms and neuropsychological assessment. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 26, 369 -392. doi:10.1080/ 13803390490510095
7. Busichio, K., Tiersky, L. A., DeLuca, J., & Natelson, B. H. (2004). Neuropsychological deficits in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 10, 278-285. doi:10.1017/S1355617704102178
8. Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., III, Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28, 193-213. doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4
9. Cassimjee, N., & Murphy, R. (2010). Temperament and character correlates of neuropsychological performance. South African Journal of Psychology, 40, 125-138.
10. Chiaravalloti, N. D., Christodoulou, C., Demaree, H. A., & DeLuca, J. (2003). Differentiating simple versus complex processing speed: Influence on new learning and memory performance. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 25, 489-501. doi:10.1076/jcen.25.4 .489.13878
11. Christodoulou, C., DeLuca, J., Lange, G., Johnson, S. K., Sisto, S. A., Korn, L., & Natelson, B. H. (1998). Relation between neuropsychological impairment and functional disability in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 64, 431- 434. doi:10.1136/jnnp.64.4.431
12. Clark, K., Del Fante, P., & Beilby, J. (2006). Myalgic encephalopathy/ chronic fatigue syndrome longitudinal outcomes: Pilot study report. Adelaide, Australia: Department of General Practice, The University of Adelaide.
13. Claypoole, K. H., Noonan, C., Mahurin, R. K., Goldberg, J., Erickson, T., & Buchwald, D. (2007). A twin study of cognitive function in chronic fatigue syndrome: The effects of sudden illness onset. Neuropsychology, 21, 507-513. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.21.4.507
14. Cockshell, S. J., & Mathias, J. L. (2010). Cognitive functioning in chronic fatigue syndrome: A meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, 40, 1253- 1267. doi:10.1017/S0033291709992054
15. Cockshell, S. J., & Mathias, J. L. (2012). Test effort in persons with chronic fatigue syndrome when assessed using the Validity Indicator Profile. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 34, 679-687. doi:10.1080/13803395.2012.668176
16. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Academic Press.
17. Cohen, J. (1992). Quantitative methods in psychology: A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155-159. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1 .155
18. Courjaret, J., Schotte, C. K. W., Wijnants, H., Moorkens, G., & Cosyns, P. (2009). Chronic fatigue syndrome and DSM-IV personality disorders. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 66, 13-20. doi:10.1016/j .jpsychores.2008.07.001
19. Deary, V., & Chalder, T. (2010). Personality and perfectionism in chronic fatigue syndrome: A closer look. Psychology & Health, 25, 465-475. doi:10.1080/08870440802403863
20. Delis, D. C., Kaplan, E., & Kramer, J. H. (2001). Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS). San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
21. Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (2000). California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition, Adult Version. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
22. DeLuca, J., Christodoulou, C., Diamond, B. J., Rosenstein, E. D., Kramer, N., & Natelson, B. H. (2004). Working memory deficits in chronic fatigue syndrome: Differentiating between speed and accuracy of information processing. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 10, 101-109. doi:10.1017/S1355617704101124
23. DeLuca, J., Christodoulou, C., Diamond, B. J., Rosenstein, E. D., Kramer, N., Ricker, J. H., & Natelson, B. H. (2004). The nature of memory impairment in chronic fatigue syndrome. Rehabilitation Psychology, 49, 62-70. doi:10.1037/0090-5550.49.1.62
24. DeLuca, J., Johnson, S. K., Beldowicz, D., & Natelson, B. H. (1995). Neuropsychological impairments in chronic fatigue syndrome, multiple sclerosis, and depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 58, 38-43. doi:10.1136/jnnp.58.1.38
25. DeLuca, J., Johnson, S. K., Ellis, S. P., & Natelson, B. H. (1997a). Cognitive functioning is impaired in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome devoid of psychiatric disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 62, 151-155. doi:10.1136/jnnp.62.2.151
26. DeLuca, J., Johnson, S. K., Ellis, S. P., & Natelson, B. H. (1997b). Sudden vs. gradual onset of chronic fatigue syndrome differentiates individuals on cognitive and psychiatric measures. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 31, 83-90. doi:10.1016/S0022-3956(96)00052-0
27. DeLuca, J., & Tiersky, L. (2003). Neurocognitive assessment. In L. A. Jason, P. A. Fennell, & R. R. Taylor (Eds.), Handbook of chronic fatigue syndrome (pp. 417-437). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
28. Duits, A., Munnecom, T., van Heugten, C., & van Oostenbrugge, R. J. (2008). Cognitive complaints in the early phase after stroke are not indicative of cognitive impairment. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 79, 143-146. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2007.114595
29. Fiedler, N., Kipen, H. M., DeLuca, J., Kelly-McNeil, K., & Natelson, B. (1996). A controlled comparison of multiple chemical sensitivities and chronic fatigue syndrome. Psychosomatic Medicine, 58, 38-49.
30. Fossey, M., Libman, E., Bailes, S., Baltzan, M., Schondorf, R., Amsel, R., & Fichten, C. S. (2004). Sleep quality and psychological adjustment in chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 27, 581- 605. doi:10.1007/s10865-004-0004-y
31. Fuentes, K., Hunter, M. A., Strauss, E., & Hultsch, D. F. (2001). Intraindividual variability in cognitive performance in persons with chronic fatigue syndrome. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 15, 210-227. doi: 10.1076/clin.15.2.210.1896
32. Fukuda, K., Straus, S. E., Hickie, I., Sharpe, M. C., Dobbins, J. G., Komaroff, A. L., & the International Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study Group. (1994). The chronic fatigue syndrome: A comprehensive approach to its definition and study. Annals of Internal Medicine, 121, 953-959.
33. Fuller-Thomson, E., & Nimigon, J. (2008). Factors associated with depression among individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome: Findings from a nationally representative survey. Family Practice, 25, 414-422. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmn064
34. Grafman, J., Schwartz, V., Dale, J. K., Scheffers, M., Houser, C., & Straus, S. E. (1993). Analysis of neuropsychological functioning in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 56, 684-689. doi:10.1136/jnnp.56.6.684
35. Gronwall, D. M. A. (1977). Paced auditory serial-addition tasks: A measure of recovery from concussion. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 44, 367-373. doi:10.2466/pms.1977.44.2.367
36. Harvey, S. B., Wadsworth, M., Wessely, S., & Hotopf, M. (2008). The relationship between prior psychiatric disorder and chronic fatigue: Evidence from a national birth cohort study. Psychological Medicine, 38, 933-940. doi:10.1017/S0033291707001900
37. Heilbronner, R. L., Sweet, J. J., Morgan, J. E., Larrabee, G. J., Millis, S. R., & Conference Participants. (2009). American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology consensus conference statement on the neuropsychological assessment of effort, response bias, and malingering. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 23, 1093-1129. doi:10.1080/ 13854040903155063
38. Henderson, M., & Tannock, C. (2004). Objective assessment of personality disorder in chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 56, 251-254. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00571-3
39. Henderson, M., & Tannock, C. (2005). Use of depression rating scales in chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 59, 181-184. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.04.374
40. Jason, L. A., Richman, J. A., Rademaker, A. W., Jordan, K. M., Plioplys, A. V., Taylor, R. R., . . . Plioplys, S. (1999). A community-based study of chronic fatigue syndrome. Archives of Internal Medicine, 159, 2129- 2137. doi:10.1001/archinte.159.18.2129
41. Johnson, S. K., DeLuca, J., Fiedler, N., & Natelson, B. J. (1994). Cognitive functioning of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 18(Suppl. 1), S8.4 -S85. doi:10.1093/clinids/18 .Supplement_1.S84
42. Johnson, S. K., Lange, G., DeLuca, J., Korn, L. R., & Natelson, B. (1997). The effects of fatigue on neuropsychological performance in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, multiple sclerosis, and depression. Applied Neuropsychology, 4, 145-153. doi:10.1207/s15324826an0403_1
43. Kane, R. L., Gantz, N. M., & DiPino, R. K. (1997). Neuropsychological and psychological functioning in chronic fatigue syndrome. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, & Behavioral Neurology, 10, 25-31.
44. Krupp, L. B., Sliwinski, M., Masur, D. M., Friedberg, F., & Coyle, P. K. (1994). Cognitive functioning and depression in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and multiple sclerosis. Archives of Neurology, 51, 705-710. doi:10.1001/archneur.1994.00540190089021
45. Le Bon, O., Fischler, B., Hoffmann, G., Murphy, J. R., De Meirleir, K., Cluydts, R., & Pelc, I. (2000). How significant are primary sleep disorders and sleepiness in the chronic fatigue syndrome. Sleep Research Online, 3, 43-48.
46. Magee, C. A., Caputi, P., Iverson, D. C., & Huang, X.-F. (2008). An investigation of the dimensionality of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in Australian adults. Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 6, 222-227. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-8425.2008.00371.x
47. Mahurin, R. K., Claypoole, K. H., Goldberg, J. H., Arguelles, L., Ashton, S., & Buchwald, D. (2004). Cognitive processing in monozygotic twins discordant for chronic fatigue syndrome. Neuropsychology, 18, 232- 239. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.18.2.232
48. Marshall, P. S., Forstot, M., Callies, A., Peterson, P. K., & Schenck, C. H. (1997). Cognitive slowing and working memory difficulties in chronic fatigue syndrome. Psychosomatic Medicine, 59, 58-66.
49. Metzger, F., & Denney, D. R. (2002). Perception of cognitive performance in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 24, 106-112.
50. Michiels, V., & Cluydts, R. (2001). Neuropsychological functioning in chronic fatigue syndrome: A review. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 103, 84-93. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00017.x
51. Michiels, V., Cluydts, R., & Fischler, B. (1998). Attention and verbal learning in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 4, 456-466. doi:10.1017/ S135561779845505X
52. Morriss, R. K., & Wearden, A. J. (1998). Screening instruments for psychiatric morbidity in chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 91, 365-368.
53. Moss-Morris, R., Petrie, K. J., Large, R. G., & Kydd, R. R. (1996). Neuropsychological deficits in chronic fatigue syndrome: Artifact or reality? [Editorial]. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 60, 474-477. doi:10.1136/jnnp.60.5.474
54. Nater, U. M., Jones, J. F., Lin, J.-M. S., Maloney, E., Reeves, W. C., & Heim, C. (2010). Personality features and personality disorders in chronic fatigue syndrome: A population-based study. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 79, 312-318. doi:10.1159/000319312
55. Porter, R. J., Bourke, C., & Gallagher, P. (2007). Neuropsychological impairment in major depression: Its nature, origin and clinical significance. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 41, 115-128. doi:10.1080/00048670601109881
56. Reitan, R. M., & Wolfson, D. (1993). The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery (2nd ed.). Tucson, AZ: Neuropsychology Press.
57. Sheehan, D. V., Lecrubier, Y., Sheehan, K. H., Amorim, P., Janavs, J., Weiller, E., . . . Dunbar, G. C. (1998). The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): The development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 59(Suppl. 20), 22-33; quiz 34-57.
58. Short, K., McCabe, M., & Tooley, G. (2002). Cognitive functioning in chronic fatigue syndrome and the role of depression, anxiety, and fatigue. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 52, 475-483. doi:10.1016/ S0022-3999(02)00290-8
59. Smith, A., Pollock, J., Thomas, M., Llewelyn, M., & Borysiewicz, L. (1996). The relationship between subjective ratings of sleep and mental functioning in healthy subjects and patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, 11, 161-167. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1077(199605)11:3161::AIDHUP784 3.0.CO;2-5
60. Stulemeijer, M., Vos, P. E., Bleijenberg, G., & van der Werf, S. P. (2007). Cognitive complaints after mild traumatic brain injury: Things are not always what they seem. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 63, 637- 645. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.06.023
61. Sullivan, K. A., & Edmed, S. L. (2012). The good-old-days bias and post-concussion syndrome symptom reporting in a non-clinical sample. Brain Injury, 26, 1098-1104. doi:10.3109/02699052.2012.666367
62. Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson/Allyn & Bacon.
63. Thomas, M., & Smith, A. (2009). An investigation into the cognitive deficits associated with chronic fatigue syndrome The Open Neurology Journal, 3, 13-23.
64. Tiersky, L. A., Cicerone, K. D., Natelson, B. H., & DeLuca, J. (1998). Neuropsychological functioning in chronic fatigue syndrome and mild traumatic brain injury: A comparison. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 12, 503-512. doi:10.1076/clin.12.4.503.7237
65. Tiersky, L. A., DeLuca, J., Hill, N., Dhar, S. K., Johnson, S. K., Lange, G., & Natelson, B. H. (2001). Longitudinal assessment of neuropsychological functioning, psychiatric status, functional disability and employmentstatus in chronic fatigue syndrome. Applied Neuropsychology, 8, 41-50. doi:10.1207/S15324826AN0801_6
66. Tiersky, L. A., Johnson, S. K., Lange, G., Natelson, B. H., & DeLuca, J. (1997). Neuropsychology of chronic fatigue syndrome: A critical review. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 19, 560- 586. doi:10.1080/01688639708403744
67. Tiersky, L. A., Matheis, R. J., DeLuca, J., Lange, G., & Natelson, B. H. (2003). Functional status, neuropsychological functioning, and mood in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): Relationship to psychiatric disorder. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 191, 324-331. doi:10.1097/01 .NMD.0000066155.65473.26
68. Tiersky, L. A., Natelson, B. H., Ottenweller, J., Lange, G., Fiedler, N., & DeLuca, J. (2000). Functional status and mood in Persian Gulf veterans with unexplained fatiguing illness. Military Psychology, 12, 233-248. doi:10.1207/S15327876MP1204_01
69. Unger, E. R., Nisenbaum, R., Moldofsky, H., Cesta, A., Sammut, C., Reyes, M., & Reeves, W. C. (2004). Sleep assessment in a populationbased study of chronic fatigue syndrome. BMC Neurology, 4, 6. doi: 10.1186/1471-2377-4-6
70. van der Werf, S. P., de Vree, B., van der Meer, J. W. M., & Bleijenberg, G. (2002). The relations among body consciousness, somatic symptom report, and information processing speed in chronic fatigue syndrome. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, & Behavioral Neurology, 15, 2-9.
71. van der Werf, S. P., Prins, J. B., Jongen, P. J. H., van der Meer, J. W. M., & Bleijenberg, G. (2000). Abnormal neuropsychological findings are not necessarily a sign of cerebral impairment: A matched comparison between chronic fatigue syndrome and multiple sclerosis. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, & Behavioral Neurology, 13, 199-203.
72. van Geelen, S. M., Sinnema, G., Hermans, H. J. M., & Kuis, W. (2007). Personality and chronic fatigue syndrome: Methodological and conceptual issues. Clinical Psychology Review, 27, 885-903. doi:10.1016/j.cpr .2007.01.010
73. Vercoulen, J. H. M. M., Bazelmans, E., Swanink, C. M. A., Galama, J. M. D., Fennis, J. F. M., van der Meer, J. W. M., & Bleijenberg, G. (1998). Evaluating neuropsychological impairment in chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 20, 144-156. doi:10.1076/jcen.20.2.144.1160
74. Vercoulen, J. H. M. M., Swanink, C. M. A., Fennis, J. F. M., Gallama, J. M. D., van der Meer, J. W. M., & Bleijenberg, G. (1994). Dimensional assessment of chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 383-392. doi:10.1016/0022-3999(94)90099-X
75. Wagner, D., Nisenbaum, R., Heim, C., Jones, J. F., Unger, E. R., & Reeves, W. C. (2005). Psychometric properties of the CDC Symptom Inventory for assessment of chronic fatigue syndrome. Population Health Metrics, 3, 8. doi:10.1186/1478-7954-3-8
76. Ware, J. E., Jr., & Kosinski, M. (2001). SF-36 Physical and Mental Health Summary Scales: A manual for users of Version 1 (2nd ed.). Lincoln, RI: QualityMetric.
77. chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Psychological Medicine, 27, 81-90. doi:10.1017/S0033291796004035
78. Western, S. L., & Long, C. J. (1996). Relationship between reaction time and neuropsychological test performance. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 11, 557-571.
79. Wood, B., & Wessely, S. (1999). Personality and social attitudes in chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 47, 385-397. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(99)00025-2
80. Zakzanis, K. K. (1998). On the nature and pattern of neurocognitive function in major depressive disorder. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, & Behavioral Neurology, 11, 111-119.
81. Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67, 361-370. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x