Intrusion of coastal waters into the pelagic eastern Mediterranean: In situ and satellite-based characterization

Biogeosciences

Volumn 10, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 3349-3357

  Efrati, S ^a,b   Lehahn, Y ^b,c   Rahav, E ^d   Kress, N ^e   Herut, B ^e   Gertman, I ^e   Goldman, R ^e   Ozer, T ^e   Lazar, M ^a   Heifetz, E ^b,f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAIFA   (Israel)

^b TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^c WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE   (Israel)

^d BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^e NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY   (Israel)

^f STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACTERIUM; BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; CHLOROPHYLL A; COASTAL WATER; DATA SET; EUKARYOTE; IN SITU MEASUREMENT; MARINE ECOSYSTEM; MIXED LAYER; OPEN OCEAN; PELAGIC ENVIRONMENT; SATELLITE IMAGERY; SPATIAL ANALYSIS;

LEVANTINE SEA; MEDITERRANEAN SEA;

EID: 84880797278     PISSN: 17264170     EISSN: 17264189     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-3349-2013     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Barale, V., Jaquet, J.-M., and Ndiaye, M.: Algal blooming patterns and anomalies in the Mediterranean Sea as derived from the Sea- WiFS data set, Remote Sens. Environ., 112, 3300-3313, 2008.
2. Berman, T., Azov, Y., Schneller, A., Walline, P., and Townsend, D. W.: Extent, transparency, and phytoplankton distribution of the neritic waters overlying the Israeli coastal shelf, Oceanol. Acta, 9, 439-447, 1986.
3. Bignami, F., Sciarra, R., Carniel, S. and Santoleri, R.: Variability of Adriatic Sea coastal turbid waters from SeaWiFS imagery, J. Geophys. Res.-Oc., 112, C03S10, doi:10.1029/2006JC003518, 2007.
4. Boffetta, G., Lacorata, G., Redaelli, G., and Vulpiani, a.: Detecting barriers to transport: a review of different techniques, Physica D, 159, 58-70, 2001.
5. Chavez, F. and Smith, S.: Biological and chemical consequences of open ocean upwelling, in: Upwelling in the Oceans Modern Processes and Ancient Records, edited by: Summerhayes, C. P., Emeis, K. C., Angel, M. V., Smith, R. L., and Zeitschel, B., Wiley, Chichester, 147-170, 1995.
6. Claustre, H., Morel, A., Hooker, S. B., Babin, M., Antoine, D., Oubelkheir, K., Bricaud, A., Leblanc, K., Quéguiner, B., and Maritorena, S.: Is desert dust making oligotrophic waters greener?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 107-1-107-4, doi:10.1029/2001GL014056, 2002.
7. D'Ortenzio, F., Marullo, S., Ragni, M., Ribera d'Alcalá, M., and Santoleri, R.: Validation of empirical SeaWiFS algorithms for chlorophyll- retrieval in the Mediterranean Sea, A case study for oligotrophic seas, Remote Sens. Environ., 82, 79-94, 2002.
8. D'Ortenzio, F., Iudicone, D., De Boyer Montegut, C., Testor, P., Antoine, D., Marullo, S., Santoleri, R., and Madec, G.: Seasonal variability of the mixed layer depth in the Mediterranean Sea as derived from in situ profiles, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, 2-5, 2005.
9. D'Ortenzio, F. and Ribera d'Alcalà, M.: On the trophic regimes of the Mediterranean Sea: a satellite analysis, Biogeosciences, 6, 139-148, doi:10.5194/bg-6-139-2009, 2009.
10. d'Ovidio, F., Fernández, V., Hernández-García, E., and López, C.: Mixing structures in the Mediterranean Sea from finite-size Lyapunov exponents, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, 1-7, 2004.
11. d'Ovidio, F., De Monte, S., Alvain, S., Dandonneau, Y., and Lévy, M.: Fluid dynamical niches of phytoplankton types., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 107, 18,366-70, doi:10.1073/pnas.1004620107, 2010.
12. Gertman, I., Goldman, R., Rosentraub, Z., Ozer, T., Zodiatis, G., Hayes, D., and Poulain, P.-M.: Generation of Shikmona anticyclonic eddy from an alongshore current, Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Medit. (CIESM Congress Proceedings), 39, 114, 2010.
13. Gildor, H., Fredj, E., Steinbuck, J., and Monismith, S.: Evidence for submesoscale barriers to horizontal mixing in the ocean from current measurements and aerial-photographs, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 39, 1975-1983, doi:10.1175/2009JPO4116.1, 2009.
14. Groom, S., Herut, B., Brenner, S., Zodiatis, G., Psarra, S., Kress, N., Krom, M. D., Law, C. S., and Drakopoulos, P.: Satellite-derived spatial and temporal biological variability in the Cyprus Eddy, Deep-Sea Res., 52, 2990-3010, 2005.
15. Haller, G. A: variational theory of hyperbolic Lagrangian Coherent Structures, Physica D, 240, 574-598, 2011.
16. Haller, G. and Beron-Vera, F. J.: Geodesic theory of transport barriers in two-dimensional flows, Physica D, 241, 1680-1702, 2012.
17. Haller, G. A. and Yuan, G.: Lagrangian coherent structures and mixing in two-dimensional turbulence, Physica D, 147, 352-370, doi:10.1016/S0167-2789(00) 00142-1, 2000.
18. Herut, B., Krom, M., Pan, G., and Mortimer, R.: Atmospheric input of nitrogen and phosphorus to the se Mediterranean: sources, fluxes and possible impact, Limnol. Oceanogr., 44, 1683-1692, 1999a.
19. Herut, B., Tibor, G., Yacobi, Y. Z., and Kress, N.: Synoptic measurements of chlorophyll a and suspended particulate matter in a transitional zone from polluted to clean seawater utilizing airborne remote sensing and ground measurements, Haifa bay (se Mediterranean), Mar. Poll. Bull., 38, 762-772, 1999b.
20. Herut, B., Almogi-Labin, A., Jannink, N., and Gertmann, I.: seasonal dynamics of nutrient and chlorophyll a concentrations on the se mediterranean shelf-slope, Oceanol. Acta, 23, 771-782, 2000.
21. Herut, B., Collier, R., and Krom, M. D.: The role of dust in supplying n and p to the se Mediterranean, Limnol. Oceanogr., 47, 870-878, 2002a.
22. Herut, B., Kress, N., and Tibor, G.: The use of hyper-spectral remote sensing in compliance monitoring of water quality (phytoplankton and suspended particles) at "hot spot" areas (Mediterranean coast of Israel), Fresenius Environ. Bull., 11, 782-787, 2002b.
23. Holm-Hansen, O., Lorenzen, C. J., Holmes, R. W., and Strickland, J. D. H.: Fluorometric determination of chlorophyll, Journal du Conseil, Permanent International pour l'Exploration de la Mer, 30 pp., 1965.
24. Huhn, F., von Kameke, A., Perez-Munuzuri, V., Olascoaga, M. J., and BeronVera, F. J.: The impact of advective transport by the south Indian Ocean countercurrent on the madagascar plankton bloom, Geophys, Res. Lett., 39, L06602, doi:10.1029/2012GL051246, 2012.
25. Koçak, M., Kubilay, N., Tuǧrul, S., and Mihalopoulos, N.: Atmospheric nutrient inputs to the northern levantine basin from a long-term observation: sources and comparison with riverine inputs, Biogeosciences, 7, 4037-4050, doi:10.5194/bg-7-4037- 2010, 2010.
26. Kress, N. and Herut, B.: Spatial and seasonal evolution of dissolved oxygen and nutrients in the Southern Levantine Basin (Eastern Mediterranean Sea): chemical characterization of the water masses and inferences on the N: P ratios, Deep-Sea Res., 48, 2347-2372, 2001.
27. Krom, M. D., Brenner, S., Kress, N., and Gordon, L.: Phosphorus limitation of primary productivity in the eastern mediterranean sea, Limnol. Oceanogr., 36, 424-432, 1991.
28. Krom, M. D., Herut, B., and Mantoura, R. F. C.: Nutrient budget for the Eastern Mediterranean: Implications for phosphorus limitation, Limnol. Oceanog., 49, 1582-1592, 2004.
29. Krom, M. D., Emeis, K.-C., and Van Cappellen, P.: Why is the Eastern Mediterranean phosphorus limited?, Prog. Oceanog., 85, 236-244, 2010.
30. Lehahn, Y., d'Ovidio, F., Lévy, M., and Heifetz, E.: Stirring of the northeast Atlantic spring bloom: A Lagrangian analysis based on multisatellite data, J. Geophys. Res., 112, C08005, doi:10.1029/2006JC003927, 2007.
31. Lehahn, Y., d'Ovidio, F., Lévy, M., Amitai, Y., and Heifetz, E.: Long range transport of a quasi isolated chlorophyll patch by an Agulhas ring, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, 1-6, 2011.
32. Morel, A. and Prieur, L.: Analysis of variations in ocean color, Limnol. Oceanogr., 22, 709-722, 1977.
33. Marie, D., Simon, N., and Vaulot, D.: Phytoplankton cell counting by flow cytometry, in: Algal culturing techniques, edited by: Andersen, R. A., Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 253-267, 2005.
34. Martin, A. P.: Phytoplankton patchiness: the role of lateral stirring and mixing, Prog. Oceanogr., 57, 125-174, 2003.
35. Nittis, K., Lascaratos, A., and Theocharis, A.: Dense water formation in the Aegean Sea: numerical simulations during the Eastern Mediterranean Transient, J. Geophys, Res., 108, PBE 21, 8120, doi:10.1029/2002JC001352, 2003.
36. POEM group: General circulation of the Eastern Mediterranean, Earth-Science Reviews, 32, 285-309, 1992.
37. Rio, M., Poulain, P., Pascual, A., Mauri, E., Larnicol, G., and Santoleri, R.:A Mean Dynamic Topography of the Mediterranean Sea computed from altimetric data, in-situ measurements and a general circulation model, J. Mar. Syst., 65, 484-508, doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2005.02.006, 2007.
38. Rosentraub, Z. and Brennerb, S.: Circulation over the southeastern continentalshelf and slope of the Mediterranean Sea: Direct current measurements, winds, and numerical model simulations, J. Geophy. Res., 112, C11001, doi:10.1029/2006JC003775, 2007.
39. Rupolo, V., Marullo, S., and Iudicone, D.: Eastern Mediterranean Transient studied with Lagrangian diagnostics applied to a Mediterranean OGCM forced by satellite SST and ECMWF wind stress for the years 1988-1993, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8121, doi:10.1029/2002JC001636, 2003.
40. Schlitzer, R.: Ocean Data View, http://odv.awi.de, 2011.
41. Siokou-Frangou, I., Christaki, U., Mazzocchi, M. G., Montresor, M., Ribera d'Alcalá, M., Vaqué, D., and Zingone, A.: Plankton in the open Mediterranean Sea: a review, Biogeosciences, 7, 1543- 1586, doi:10.5194/bg-7-1543-2010, 2010.
42. Tanaka, T., Zohary, T., Krom, M. D., Law, C. S., Pitta, P., Psarra, S., Rassoulzadegan, F., Thingstad, T. F., Tselepides, A., Woodward, E. M. S., Flaten, G. A. F., Skjoldal, E. F., and Zodiatis, G.: Microbial community structure and function in the levantine basin of the eastern Mediterranean, Deep-Sea Res., 54, 1721-1743, 2007.
43. Tanaka, T., Thingstad, T. F., Christaki, U., Colombet, J., Cornet- Barthaux, V., Courties, C., Grattepanche, J.-D., Lagaria, A., Nedoma, J., Oriol, L., Psarra, S., Pujo-Pay, M., and Van Wambeke, F.: Lack of P-limitation of phytoplankton and heterotrophic prokaryotes in surface waters of three anticyclonic eddies in the stratified Mediterranean Sea, Biogeosciences, 8, 525-538, doi:10.5194/bg-8-525-2011, 2011.
44. Weinstein, Y., Less, G., Kafri, U., and Herut, B.: Submarine groundwater discharge in the southeastern Mediterranean (Israel), preliminary results, Radioactiv. Environ., 8, 360-372, 2006.
45. Yacobi, Y., Zohary, T., Kress, N., Hecht, A., Robarts, R.Waiser, M., Wood, A., and Li, W.: Chlorophyll distribution throughout the southeastern Mediterranean in relation to the physical structure of the water mass, J. Mar. Syst., 6, 179-190, doi:10.1016/0924- 7963(94)00028-A, 1995.