Changes in the source of unscheduled hospitalizations in the united states

Medical Care

Volumn 51, Issue 8, 2013, Pages 689-698

  Kocher, Keith E ^a,b   Dimick, Justin B ^b,c   Nallamothu, Brahmajee K ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy (CHOP)   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

care delivery system; emergency department; health care organization; hospital administration; inpatient care

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CHRONIC DISEASE; COMORBIDITY; DISEASE SEVERITY; EMERGENCY WARD; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE COST; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; LENGTH OF STAY; MALE; MORTALITY; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; OUTPATIENT; PATIENT CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; UNITED STATES;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; FEMALE; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMANS; LENGTH OF STAY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PATIENT ADMISSION; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; SEASONS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; UNITED STATES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84880755298     PISSN: 00257079     EISSN: 15371948     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3182992c7b     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Stranges E, Kowlessar N, Elixhauser A. Components of Growth in Inpatient Hospital Costs, 1997-2009. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2011.
2. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. National Health Expenditures 2010 Highlights. Baltimore, MD: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services; 2011.
3. Schuur JD, Venkatesh AK. The growing role of emergency departments in hospital admissions. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:391-393.
4. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). HCUP Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2000-2009.
5. Overview of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). Available at: http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/nisoverview.jsp. Accessed January 17, 2012.
6. Agency for Healthcare Quality and Research. Clinical Classifications Software (CCS) 2010. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Quality and Research; 2009.
7. Clinical Classifications Software (CCS) for ICD-9-CM. Available at: http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/toolssoftware/ccs/ccs.jsp. Accessed January 17, 2012.
8. Elixhauser A, Steiner C, Harris R, et al. Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data. Med Care. 1998;36:8-27.
9. 3M Health Information Systems. All Patient Refined Diagnosis Related Groups (APR-DRGs), Version 20.0. Wallingford, CT: 3M Health Information Systems; 2003.
10. Shen Y. Applying the 3M All Patient Refined Diagnosis Related Groups grouper to measure inpatient severity in the VA. Med Care. 2003; 41:II103-II110.
11. Ohman EM, Granger CB, Harrington RA, et al. Risk stratification and therapeutic decision making in acute coronary syndromes. JAMA. 2000;284:876-878.
12. Bodenheimer T. Coordinating care-a perilous journey through the health care system. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1064-1071.
13. Grumbach K, Bodenheimer T. A primary care home for Americans: putting the house in order. JAMA. 2002;288:889-893.
14. Wachter RM, Goldman L. The emerging role of "hospitalists" in the American health care system. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:514-516.
15. Berenson RA, Rich EC. US approaches to physician payment: the deconstruction of primary care. J Gen Intern Med. 2010;25:613-618.
16. Bodenheimer T, Pham HH. Primary care: current problems and proposed solutions. Health Aff. 2010;29:799-805.
17. Pitts SR, Carrier ER, Rich EC, et al. Where Americans get acute care: increasingly, it's not at their doctor's office. Health Aff. 2010;29:1620-1629.
18. Tang N, Stein J, Hsia RY, et al. Trends and characteristics of US emergency department visits, 1997-2007. JAMA. 2010;304:664-670.
19. Weber EJ, Showstack JA, Hunt KA, et al. Are the uninsured responsible for the increase in emergency department visits in the United States? Ann Emerg Med. 2008;52:108-115.
20. Weber EJ, Showstack JA, Hunt KA, et al. Does lack of a usual source of care or health insurance increase the likelihood of an emergency department visit? results of a national population-based study. Ann Emerg Med. 2005;45:4-12.
21. Wachter RM, Goldman L. The hospitalist movement 5 years later. JAMA. 2002;287:487-494.
22. Pitts SR, Pines JM, Handrigan MT, et al. National trends in emergency department occupancy, 2001 to 2008: effect of inpatient admissions versus emergency department practice intensity. Ann Emerg Med. 2012;60:679.e3-686.e3.
23. Baugh CW, Venkatesh AK, Hilton JA, et al. Making greater use of dedicated hospital observation units for many short-stay patients could save $3.1 billion a year. Health Aff. 2012;31:2314-2323.
24. Powell ES, Khare RK, Courtney DM, et al. Lower mortality in sepsis patients admitted through the ED vs. direct admission. Am J Emerg Med. 2012;30:432-439.
25. Neumar RW. The Zerhouni challenge: defining the fundamental hypothesis of emergency care research. Ann Emerg Med. 2007;49:696-697.
26. Carr BG, Conway PH, Meisel ZF, et al. Defining the emergency care sensitive condition: a health policy research agenda in emergency medicine. Ann Emerg Med. 2010;56:49-51.
27. Feng Z, Wright B, Mor V. Sharp rise in Medicare enrollees being held in hospitals for observation raises concerns about causes and consequences. Health Aff. 2012;31:1251-1259.
28. Kocher KE, Meurer WJ, Desmond JS, et al. Impact of testing and treatment on emergency department length of stay using a national database. Acad Emerg Med. 2012;19:525-534.