The vegetation and climate during the Last Glacial Cold Period, northern South Island, New Zealand

Quaternary Science Reviews

Volumn 74, Issue , 2013, Pages 230-244

  Callard, S Louise ^a   Newnham, Rewi M ^a   Vandergoes, Marcus J ^b   Alloway, Brent V ^a   Smith, Carol ^c  

^a VICTORIA UNIVERSITY OF WELLINGTON   (New Zealand)

^b GNS SCIENCE   (New Zealand)

^c LINCOLN UNIVERSITY   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Beetles; Glacial refugia; Last Glacial Cold Period (LGCP); New Zealand; Palaeoenvironmental change; Pollen

Indexed keywords

BEETLES; GLACIAL REFUGIA; LAST GLACIAL; NEW ZEALAND; PALAEOENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE; POLLEN;

CLIMATE CHANGE; GLACIAL GEOLOGY; ISOTOPES; LANDFORMS; VEGETATION;

FORESTRY;

BEETLE; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; DECIDUOUS FOREST; ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; PALEOENVIRONMENT; PALYNOLOGY; POLLEN; RECONSTRUCTION; REFUGIUM; VEGETATION STRUCTURE;

FORESTRY; GEOLOGY; INSECTS; ISOTOPES; NEW ZEALAND; PLANTS; POLLEN;

AUSTRALIA; HOWARD RIVER; NEW ZEALAND; NORTHERN TERRITORY; SOUTH ISLAND;

COLEOPTERA; EUTHYNNUS AFFINIS; FAGUS;

EID: 84880602053     PISSN: 02773791     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.12.007     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. Allan A.S.R., Baker J.A., Carter L., Wysoczanksi R.J. Reconstructing the Quaternary evolution of the world's most active silica volcanic system: insights from an ~1.65Ma deep ocean tephra record sourced from Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. Quaternary Science Reviews 2008, 27:2341-2360.
2. Alloway B.V., Stewart R.B., Neall V.E., Vucetich C.G. Climate of the last glaciations in New Zealand, based on aerosolic quartz influx in an andesitic terrain. Quaternary Research 1992, 38:170-179.
3. Alloway B.V., Lowe D.J., Barrel D.J.A., Newnham R.M., Almond P.C., Augustinus P.C., Bertler N.A.N., Carter L., Litchfield N.J., McGlone M.S., Shulmeister J., Vandergoes M.J., Williams P.W. Towards a climate even stratigraphy for New Zealand over the past 30000 years (NZ-INTIMATE project). Journal of Quaternary Science 2007, 22:9-36.
4. Almond P.C., Moar N.T., Lian O.B. Reinterpretation of the Glacial chronology of South Westland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 2001, 44:1-15.
5. Barrows T.T., Lehman S.J., Fifield L.K., De Deckker P. Absence of cooling in New Zealand and the adjacent ocean during the younger dryas chronozone. Science 2007, 318:86-88.
6. Blong R.J. Volcanic Hazards 1984, Academic Press, Sydney, pp. 424.
7. Burge P.I., Shulmeister J. Re-envisioning the structure of Last Glacial vegetation in New Zealand using beetle fossils. Quaternary Research 2007, 68:121-132.
8. Brown T.A., Nelson D.E., Mathewes R.W., Vogel J.S., Southron J.R. Radiocarbon dating of pollen by accelerator mass spectrometry. Quaternary Research 1989, 32:205-212.
9. Campbell I.B. New occurrences and distribution of Kawakawa Tephra in South Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 1986, 29:425-435.
10. Carter J. Phytoliths from loess in Southland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 2000, 38:325-332.
11. Carter J. Phytolith analysis and paleoenvironmental reconstruction from lake Poukawa core, Hawkes Bay, New Zealand. Global and Planetary Change 2002, 33:257-267.
12. Carter J.A., Lian O.B. Paleoenvironmental reconstruction from the Last Interglacial using phytolith analysis, southeastern North Island, New Zealand. Journal of Quaternary Science 2000, 15:733-743.
13. Clark P.U., Dyke A.S., Shakun J.D., Carlson A.E., Clark J., Wohlfarth B., Mitrovica J.X., Hostetler S.W., McCabe A.M. Science 2009, 325:710-714.
14. Challis G.A., Johnston M.R., Lauder W.R., Suggate R.P. Geology of the Lake Rotoroa Area. Geologic Map 1994, vol. 8. Institute of Geological and Nuclear Science, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
15. Denton G.H., Heusser C.J., Schüchter C., Marchant D.R. Interhemispheric linkage of palaeoclimate during the last glaciations. Geografiska Annaler 1999, 88:107-153.
16. Drost F., Renwick J., Bhaskaran B., Oliver H., McGregor J. Asimulation of New Zealand's climate during the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews 2007, 26:2505-2525.
17. Edgar E., Connor H.E. Flora of New Zealand. Grasses 2010, vol. V. Manaaki Whenua Press.
18. Fink D., McKelvey B., Hannan D., Newsome D. Cold rocks, hot sands: in-situ cosmogenic applications in Australia at ANTARES. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research 2000, 172:838-846.
19. Houghton B.F., Latter J.H., Froggatt P.C. Volcanic hazards in New Zealand. Geological Society of New Zealand Miscellaneous Publication. 1988, 41d:1-54.
20. Hughes, M.W., 2008. Late Quaternary Landscape Evolution and Environmental Change in Charwell Basin, South Island, New Zealand. Unpublished PhD thesis, Lincoln University, New Zealand.
21. Kelly A., Charman D., Newnham R.M. ALast Glacial Maximum pollen record from Bodmin Moor showing a possible cryptic northern refugium in southwest England. Journal of Quaternary Science 2010, 25:296-308.
22. Kondo R., Childs C., Atkinson I. Opal Phytoliths of New Zealand 1994.
23. Lambeck K., Chappell J. Sea level change through the Last Glacial cycle. Science 2001, 292:679-686.
24. Lambeck K., Yokoyama Y., Purcell T. Into and out if the Last Glacial Maximum: sea-level change during Oxygen Isotope Stages 3 and 2. Quaternary Science Reviews 2002, 21:343-360.
25. Large M.F., Braggins J.E. Spore Atlas of New Zealand Ferns and Fern Allies 1991, SIR Publishings, Wellington, pp. 168.
26. Lowe D.J., Shane P.A.R., Alloway B.V., Newnham R.M. Fingerprints and age models for widespread New Zealand tephra marker beds erupted since 30,000 years ago: a framework for NZ-INTIMATE. Quaternary Science Reviews 2008, 27:95-126.
27. Lu H., Wu N., Yang X., Jiang H., Liu K., Liu T. Phytoliths as quantitative indicators for the reconstruction of past environmental conditions in China I: phytolith-based transfer functions. Quaternary Science Reviews 2006, 25:945-959.
28. Mabin M.C.G. Late Otiran sedimentation and Glacial chronology of Warwick Valley, south east Nelson. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 1983, 26:186-195.
29. Madella M., Alexandre A., Ball T. International Code for Phytolith Nomenclature 1.0 2005.
30. Marx R., Lee D.E., Lloyd K.M., Lee W.G. Phytolith morphology and biogenic silica concentrations and abundance in leaves of Chinochloa (Dantoniae) and Festuca (Poeae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 2004, 42:677-691.
31. Marra M.J., Leschen R. Late Quaternary paleoecology from forest beetle communities in the Awatere Valley, South Island, New Zealand. Journal of Biogeography 2004, 31:571-586.
32. Marra M.J., Crozier M., Goff J. Palaeoenvironment and biogeography of a late MIS 3 fossil beetle fauna from South Taranaki, New Zealand. Journal of Quaternary Science 2009, 24:97-107.
33. Marra M.J., Thackray G.D. Glacial forest refugium in Howard Valley, South Island, New Zealand. Journal of Quaternary Science 2010, 25:309-319.
34. McCaplin J.P. Glacial and postglacial geology near Lake Tennyson, Clarence River. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 1992, 35:201-210.
35. McCaplin J.P. Glacial geology of the upper Wairau Valley, Marlborough, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 1992, 35:211-222.
36. McGlone M.S. Plant biogeography and the late Cenozoic history of New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 1985, 23:723-749.
37. McGlone M.S., Topping W.W. Late Quaternary vegetation, Tongariro region, central North Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 1983, 21:53-76.
38. McGlone M.S., Moar N.T. Dryland Holocene vegetation history, central Otago and the Mackenzie Basin, South Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 1998, 36:91-111.
39. McGlone M.S., Newnham R.M., Moar N.T. The vegetation cover of New Zealand during the Last Glacial Maximum: do pollen records under-represent woody vegetation?. Terra Australis 2010, 32:49-68.
40. McLea W.L. The late-Quaternary pollen record of south-east Nelson, South Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 1996, 34:523-538.
41. Meyer H.W. Lapse rates and other variables applied to estimating paleoaltitudes from fossil floras. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 1992, 99:71-99.
42. Moar N.T. Recent pollen spectra from three localities in the South Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 1970, 8:210-221.
43. Moar N.T. Contributions to the Quaternary history of the New Zealand flora 6. Aranuian pollen diagrams from Canterbury, Nelson, and north Westland, South Island. New Zealand Journal of Botany 1971, 9:80-145.
44. Moar N.T. Late Otiran and early Aranuian grassland in central South Island. New Zealand Journal of Ecology 1980, 3:4-12.
45. Moar N.T. Pollen Grains of New Zealand Dicotyledonous Plants 1993, Maanaki Whenua Press, Lincoln, New Zealand, pp. 200.
46. Moar N.T., Suggate R.P., Burrows C. Environments during the Kaihinu Interglacial and Otira glaciation, coastal North Westland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 2008, 46:49-63.
47. Moore P.D., Webb J.A., Collinson M.E. Pollen Analysis 1991, Blackwell Scientific Publications, London, pp. 216. second ed.
48. Nelson C.S., Cooke P.J., Hendy C.H., Cuthbertson A.M. Oceanographic and climatic changes over the past 160,000 years at deep sea drilling project site 594 off southeastern New Zealand, Southwest Pacific Ocean. Paleoceanography 1993, 8:435-458.
49. New Zealand National Climate Centre The National Climate Database 2010, (online). Available from:, (accessed 02.02.10.). http://cliflo.niwa.co.nz/.
50. Newnham R.M., Vandergoes M.J., Hendy C.H., Lowe D.J., Preusser F. Aterrestrial palynological record for the last two Glacial cycles from southwestern New Zealand. Quaternary Science Reviews 2007, 26:517-535.
51. Newnham R.M., Lowe D.J., Giles T., Alloway B.V. Vegetation and climate of Auckland, New Zealand, since ca. 32000cal.yr ago: support for an extended LGM. Journal of Quaternary Science 2007, 22:517-534.
52. Newnham R.M., McGlone M.S., Moar N.T., Wilmshurst J.M., Vandergoes M.J. The vegetation cover of New Zealand at the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews 2013, 74:202-214.
53. Norton D.A. Amultivariate technique for estimating New Zealand temperature normals. Weather and Climate 1985, 5:64-74.
54. Pelejero C., Calvo E., Barrows T.T., Logan G.A., De Deckker P. South Tasman Sea alkenone paleothermometry over the last four Glacial/Interglacial cycles. Marine Geology 2006, 230:73-86.
55. Petit J.R., Jouzel J., Raynaud D., Barkov N.I., Basile I., Bender M., Chappellaz J., Davies M., Delay G. Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostock ice core, Antarctica. Nature 1999, 399:29-436.
56. Piperno D.R. Phytolith Analysis. An Archeological and Geological Perspective 1988, Academic Press, San Diego.
57. Pocknall D.T. Pollen morphology of Phyllocladus L C. et A. Rich. New Zealand Journal of Botany 1981, 19:259-266.
58. Poole A.L., Adam N.M. Trees and Shrubs of New Zealand 1964, Government Printer, Wellington, pp. 256.
59. Porter S.C. Equilibrium-line altitudes of late Quaternary glaciers in the Southern Alps, New Zealand. Quaternary Research 1975, 5:27-47.
60. Prebble M., Shulmeister J. An analysis of phytolith assemblages for the quantitative reconstruction of late Quaternary environments of the lower Taieri plain, Otago, South Island, New Zealand II. Paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Journal of Paleolimnology 2002, 27:415-427.
61. Provan J., Bennett K.D. Phylogeographic insights into cryptic refugia. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 2008, 23:564-571.
62. Reimer P.J., Baillie M.G.L., Bard E., Bayliss A., Beck J.W., Blackwell P.G., Bronk Ramsey C., Buck C.E., Burr G.S., Edwards R.L., Friedrich M., Grootes P.M., Guilderson T.P., Hajdas I., Heaton T.J., Hogg A.G., Hughen K.A., Kaiser K.F., Kromer B., McCormac F.G., Manning S.W., Reimer R.W., Richards D.A., Southon J.R., Talamo S., Turney C.S.M., van der Plicht J., Weyhenmeyer C.E. IntCal09 and Marine09 radiocarbon age calibration curves, 0-50,000 yearscal.BP. Radiocarbon 2009, 51:1111-1150.
63. Ramsey C.B. Dealing with outliers and offsets in radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon 2009, 51:3.
64. Shulmeister J., Soons J.M., Berger G.W., Harper M., Holt S., Moar Carter N.J. Environmental and sea level changes on Banks Peninsula (Canterbury, New Zealand) through three glaciation-interglaciation cycles. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 1999, 152:101-127.
65. Shulmeister J., Fink D., Augustinus P.C. Acosmogenic nuclide chronology of the Last Glacial transition in North-West Nelson, New Zealand - new insights in Southern Hemisphere climate forcing during the last deglaciation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2005, 233:455-466.
66. Soons J.M. Late Quaternary environments in the central South Island of New Zealand. New Zealand Geographer 1979, 35:16-23.
67. Stewart J.R., Lister A.M. Cryptic northern refugia and the origins of the modern biota. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 2001, 16:608-613.
68. Suggate R.P. Late Pleistocene Geology of the Northern Part of the South Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Geological Survey Bulletin (New Series) 1965, vol. 77. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Wellington, pp. 90.
69. Suggate R.P. Quaternary Deposition and Deformation in the Buller and Tributary Valleys. New Zealand Geological Survey Record 1988, vol. 25. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lower Hutt, pp. 51.
70. Suggate R.P., Almond P.C. The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in western South Island, New Zealand: implications for the global LGM and MIS 2. Quaternary Science Reviews 2005, 24:1923-1940.
71. Sutherland R., Kim K., Zondervan A., McSaveney M. Orbital forcing ofmid-latitude Southern Hemisphere glaciations since 100ka inferred fromcosmogenic nuclide ages of moraine boulders from the Cascade Plateau, southwest New Zealand. Geological Society of America Bulletin 2007, 119:443-451.
72. Thorn V.C. Phytoliths from subantarctic Cambell Island: plant production and soil surface spectra. Review of Paleobotany and Palynology 2004, 132:37-59.
73. Thorn V.C. An Annotated Bibliography of Phytolith Analysis and Atlas of Selected New Zealand Subalpine Phytoliths. Antarctic Data Series 2004, vol. 29. Antarctic Research Centre, Victoria University of Wellington.
74. Underwood, J., 2006. Soil Phytolith Assemblages Beneath a Nothofagus Treeline Ecotone as a Basis for Treeline Reconstruction. Unpublished honours dissertation thesis, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand.
75. Vandergoes M.J., Newnham R.M., Preusser F., Hendy C.H., Lowell T.V., Fitsimons S.J., Hogg A.G., Kasper A.U., Schlüchter C. Regional insolation forcing of late Quaternary climate change in the Southern Hemisphere. Nature 2005, 436:242-245.
76. Vandergoes M.J., Hogg A.G., Lowe D.J., Newnham R.M., Denton G.H., Southon J., Barrell D.J.A., Wilson C.J.N., McGlone M.S., Allan A.S.R., Almond P.C., Petchy F., Dabell K., Dieffenbacher-Krall A.C., Blaauw M. A revised age for the Kawawkawa/Oruanui tephra, a key marker for the Last Glacial Maximum in New Zealand. Quaternary Science Reviews 2013, 74:195-201.
77. Wardle P. Acomparison of alpine timber lines in New Zealand and North America. New Zealand Journal of Botany 1965, 3:113-135.
78. Wardle P. Primary succession in Westland National Park and its vicinity, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 1980, 18:221-232.
79. Wilmshurst J.M., McGlone M.S., Leathwick J.R., Newnham R.M. Apre-deforestation pollen-climate calibration model for New Zealand and quantitative temperature reconstructions for the past 18000 years BP. Journal of Quaternary Science 2007, 22:535-547.